Steam locomotives

The first steam locomotive in China is thought to be a 2'6" gauge 0-4-0T engine used on the Shanghai-Wusong railway. Towards the end of the 19 century concessions obtained from the Qing dynasty

Qing Dynasty

The Qing Dynasty was the last dynasty of China, ruling from 1644 to 1912 with a brief, abortive restoration in 1917. It was preceded by the Ming Dynasty and followed by the Republic of China....

 enabled foreign powers (Germany, Russia, France and Great Britain) to build railways in China, introducing a variety of foreign built machines. Later Japan gained control over Manchuria

Manchuria

Manchuria is a historical name given to a large geographic region in northeast Asia. Depending on the definition of its extent, Manchuria usually falls entirely within the People's Republic of China, or is sometimes divided between China and Russia. The region is commonly referred to as Northeast...

 as a result of the Treaty of Portsmouth

Treaty of Portsmouth

The Treaty of Portsmouth formally ended the 1904-05 Russo-Japanese War. It was signed on September 5, 1905 after negotiations at the Portsmouth Naval Shipyard in Kittery, Maine in the USA.-Negotiations:...

 following the Russo-Japanese War

Russo-Japanese War

The Russo-Japanese War was "the first great war of the 20th century." It grew out of rival imperial ambitions of the Russian Empire and Japanese Empire over Manchuria and Korea...

 and created the South Manchuria Railway

South Manchuria Railway

The , and operated within China in the Japanese-controlled South Manchuria Railway Zone. The railway itself ran from Lüshun Port at the southern tip of the Liaodong Peninsula to Harbin, where it connected to the Chinese Eastern Railway.-History:...

 from their acquisitions - resulting in Japanese as well as American locomotives being imported into the north-east of China.

After the end of the Second World War China came back under indigenous rule. Locomotive were imported from both the United States and Russia as well as other Communist bloc countries.

Production of steam locomotives continued into the late 20th century; steam motive power was replaced by diesel locomotives, in particular the China Railways DF4

China Railways DF4

The DF4 is a type of diesel locomotive used in the People's Republic of China. It has been in production since 1969 and is still produced as of 2007 by several local companies. It is the most common locomotive in China and is used for both passenger and freight services.-DF4:The first DF4 was...

, additionally the chinese rail network has been increasingly electrified.

Model	Wheel arrangement	Build year	Builder	Number built	Notes	Photo
ET7 China Railways ET7 The China Railways ET7 class of locomotives were a series of 90 0-8-0T machines for industrial use built by Fablok of Poland.-History:90 locomotives were built and exported to China between 1959 and 1961 for use on industrial sites, including steelworks....	0-8-0T	~1960	Fablok Fablok Fablok is a Polish manufacturer of steam locomotives, based in Chrzanów. Until 1947 the official name was The First Factory of Locomotives in Poland Ltd. , Fablok being a widely used syllabic abbreviation of Fabryka Lokomotyw. It is now named "BUMAR - FABLOK S.A. "...	90	Similar to the polish TKP T2D Silesia locomotives, for industrial use, not used on the main network
FD China Railways FD The China Railways FD class of locomotives were 2-10-2 steam locomotives of the Russian FD locomotive type imported from Russia and regauged for use in China.-History:...	2-10-0	1930s	Voroshilovgrad	1034	Converted to standard gauge (1958-) from russian FD class Steam locomotive FD The russian locomotive class FD FD from Felix Dzerzhinsky, russian: ФД from Феликс Дзержинский was a soviet russian main freight steam locomotive type. Between 1932 to 1942 years 3213 locomotives were built.- History :...  locomotives
GJ China Railways GJ The China Railways GJ locomotives were a class of 122 0-6-0T steam locomotives built for industrial and shunting uses.-History:...	0-6-0T	1958-61	Chengdu, Taiyuan	122	Designed at Dalian locomotive works, used in industrial lococations, and other shunting duties.
JF	2-8-2
JF6	2-8-2
JS	2-8-2		Baldwin Baldwin - United States of America :* Baldwin, Florida* Baldwin, Georgia* Baldwin, Illinois* Baldwin, Iowa* Baldwin, Louisiana* Baldwin, Maine* Baldwin, Maryland* Baldwin, Michigan* Baldwin, Chemung County, New York* Baldwin, Nassau County, New York...		Many remain on industrial lines and short lines
KD6	2-8-0				Imported USATC S160 Class USATC S160 Class The United States Army Transportation Corps S160 Class is a class of 2-8-0 Consolidation steam locomotive designed for use in Europe during World War II for heavy freight work...
KD7	2-8-0				Built in the USA and supplied to China by UNRRA in 1946.
KF	4-8-4		Vulcan Foundry Vulcan Foundry Vulcan Foundry was a British locomotive builder sited at Newton-le-Willows, Lancashire .-History:It was originally opened in 1832 as Charles Tayleur and Company to produce girders for bridges, switches and crossings, and other ironwork following the opening of the Liverpool and Manchester Railway...  (UK)
PL2	2-6-2
QJ China Railways QJ The QJ was a type of heavy freight steam locomotive used by China Railways. The majority were made by Datong locomotive factory...	2-10-2	1956-88	mostly Datong Datong locomotive factory Datong locomotive factory is a Chinese railway locomotive manufacturing plant based in Datong, Shanxi, China, founded 1953. The factory was a major producer of steam locomotives for the Chinese market up to the end of the 1980 when production switched to diesel powered locomotives...	4708	Became the primary freight locomotive in China from 1960s to 1980s
RM	4-6-2
SL
SL6	4-6-2
SL7 Pashina	4-6-2		Kawasaki Kawasaki Heavy Industries is an international corporation based in Japan. It has headquarters in both Chūō-ku, Kobe and Minato, Tokyo.The company is named after its founder Shōzō Kawasaki and has no connection with the city of Kawasaki, Kanagawa....  / Dalian		Used on the Asia Express Asia Express The Asia Express was an express train built and operated by the South Manchuria Railway from 1934 until 1943.... train during japanese control of the South Manchurian Railway, designated "SL7" under chinese ownership
SY	2-8-2				Many remain on industrial lines and short lines
XK2	0-6-0T
XK13	0-6-0T
YJ	2-6-2
Sources:

Diesel-hydraulic transmission

Diesel hydraulic locomotives type descriptions are prefixed either by the roman initials DFH (Diesel fuel, hydraulic) or NY (neiran yeli chuandong 内燃液力传动 also meaning diesel-hydraulic). From the initials of the acronym DFH is derived from their phonetic sound the Chinese name "Dongfang Hong" meaning "Red East", matching the anthem of Communist China: "The East is Red" at the time of their introduction, as well as the well known observation of Chairman Mao Zedong

Mao Zedong

Mao Zedong, also transliterated as Mao Tse-tung , and commonly referred to as Chairman Mao , was a Chinese Communist revolutionary, guerrilla warfare strategist, Marxist political philosopher, and leader of the Chinese Revolution...

 that 'the east is red'. Usually DFH is used for internally produced locomotives and NY for imported or prototype machines.

Chinese made

Model	Build year	Top speed (In operation) (km/h)	Power output (kW)	Builder	Total production	Photo
prototype NY1 "Weixing" DFH1	1959 1964-1973	120(140)	1220(1060)	Sifang	107
DFH2 (NY2 "Flying Dragon", Simplified Chinese:"飞龙")	1960	100	1470 (Diesel engine output)	Dalian Dalian Locomotive and Rolling Stock Company CNR Dalian Locomotive and Rolling Stock Company , often abbreviated as DLoco, is a company located in Dalian, Liaoning Province, China, producing railway locomotives, multiple units and diesel engines....	1
DFH2	1966	140	1470	Sifang	1
	1973 - ?	62	650	Ziyang	?
DFH3	1971–1989	120	1460	Sifang	263
DFH4	1969	160	3675	Sifang	1
	1971–1974	140	3309	Qishuyan	2
	1975–1981	100	3309	Ziyang	3
DFH5	1976–1988	80	790	Ziyang Sifang	89
DFH5B	1985	80	920	Ziyang	?
DFH6	1981	?	1740	Ziyang	1
DFH7	1988–1991	?	790	Ziyang	4
DFH21 (narrow gauge Narrow gauge A narrow gauge railway is a railway that has a track gauge narrower than the of standard gauge railways. Most existing narrow gauge railways have gauges of between and .- Overview :... )	1977–1985	50	640	Sifang	?
Beijing 6001 Beijing (locomotive) Beijing, mostly referred to as BJ, is a diesel locomotive used in the People's Republic of China. It is named after the capital city of China, Beijing.BJ were made in two different versions, a standard version and a kou'an version....	1970	100	4410 (Diesel engine output)	Beijing Feb. 7th	1
Beijing Beijing (locomotive) Beijing, mostly referred to as BJ, is a diesel locomotive used in the People's Republic of China. It is named after the capital city of China, Beijing.BJ were made in two different versions, a standard version and a kou'an version....	1971–1990	120	1500	Beijing Feb. 7th	358
Beijing (coupling of double loco) Beijing (locomotive) Beijing, mostly referred to as BJ, is a diesel locomotive used in the People's Republic of China. It is named after the capital city of China, Beijing.BJ were made in two different versions, a standard version and a kou'an version....	1981 - ?	120	2×1500	Beijing Feb. 7th	12

Imported

Model	Build year	Top speed (In operation) (km/h)	Power output (kW)	Builder	Total production	Photo
NY5	1967	passenger: 160 freight: 120	2940	Henschel Henschel & Son Henschel & Son was a German company, situated in Kassel, best known during the 20th century as a maker of transportation equipment, including locomotives, trucks, buses and trolleybuses, and armoured fighting vehicles and weapons.... , West Germany West Germany West Germany is the common English, but not official, name for the Federal Republic of Germany or FRG in the period between its creation in May 1949 to German reunification on 3 October 1990....	4
NY6	1972	108	3160	Henschel Henschel & Son Henschel & Son was a German company, situated in Kassel, best known during the 20th century as a maker of transportation equipment, including locomotives, trucks, buses and trolleybuses, and armoured fighting vehicles and weapons.... , West Germany West Germany West Germany is the common English, but not official, name for the Federal Republic of Germany or FRG in the period between its creation in May 1949 to German reunification on 3 October 1990....	10
NY7	1972	113	3680	Henschel Henschel & Son Henschel & Son was a German company, situated in Kassel, best known during the 20th century as a maker of transportation equipment, including locomotives, trucks, buses and trolleybuses, and armoured fighting vehicles and weapons.... , West Germany West Germany West Germany is the common English, but not official, name for the Federal Republic of Germany or FRG in the period between its creation in May 1949 to German reunification on 3 October 1990....	20

Chinese made

The Dongfeng (DF) series of locomotives,which are the series of diesel electric transmission,are the most important in Chinese rail transport, with the Dongfeng4 (DF4) being by far the most common locomotive to be seen on Chinese rails.

Model (Former name)	Build year	Transmission	Top speed (In operation) (km/h)	Power output (kW)	Builder (Family)	Total production	Photo
Jianshe (Simplified Chinese:"建设")	1958	DC - DC	85	441 (Diesel engine output)	Beijing Feb. 7th	1
Xianxing (Simplified Chinese:"先行")	1958–1959	DC - DC	125	1471	Qishuyan	47
JuLong 巨龙 ('great dragon')	1958				Dalian	1
DF (东风 (DongFeng 'East Wind')	1964–1974	DC - DC	100	1500	Dalian Dalian Locomotive and Rolling Stock Company CNR Dalian Locomotive and Rolling Stock Company , often abbreviated as DLoco, is a company located in Dalian, Liaoning Province, China, producing railway locomotives, multiple units and diesel engines.... Qishuyan Chengdu Datong	706
DF2 (ND2)	1964–1974	DC - DC	95	650	Qishuyan	148
DF3	1972 - 1974	DC - DC	120	1050	Dalian Dalian Locomotive and Rolling Stock Company CNR Dalian Locomotive and Rolling Stock Company , often abbreviated as DLoco, is a company located in Dalian, Liaoning Province, China, producing railway locomotives, multiple units and diesel engines....	226
DF4 China Railways DF4 The DF4 is a type of diesel locomotive used in the People's Republic of China. It has been in production since 1969 and is still produced as of 2007 by several local companies. It is the most common locomotive in China and is used for both passenger and freight services.-DF4:The first DF4 was...	1969–1985	AC - DC	100(freight) 120(passenger)	1920	Dalian Dalian Locomotive and Rolling Stock Company CNR Dalian Locomotive and Rolling Stock Company , often abbreviated as DLoco, is a company located in Dalian, Liaoning Province, China, producing railway locomotives, multiple units and diesel engines....	843
DF4B	1985 -	AC - DC	100(freight) 120(passenger)	1985	Dalian Dalian Locomotive and Rolling Stock Company CNR Dalian Locomotive and Rolling Stock Company , often abbreviated as DLoco, is a company located in Dalian, Liaoning Province, China, producing railway locomotives, multiple units and diesel engines.... Ziyang Datong Sifang	≥4500
DF4C	1985 -	AC - DC	100(freight) 120(passenger)	2165	Dalian Dalian Locomotive and Rolling Stock Company CNR Dalian Locomotive and Rolling Stock Company , often abbreviated as DLoco, is a company located in Dalian, Liaoning Province, China, producing railway locomotives, multiple units and diesel engines.... Ziyang Datong Sifang	838
DF4CK	1999	AC - DC	160	2165	Ziyang	2
DF4D(K) (speedup version)	1996－1999	AC - DC	145	2425	Dalian Dalian Locomotive and Rolling Stock Company CNR Dalian Locomotive and Rolling Stock Company , often abbreviated as DLoco, is a company located in Dalian, Liaoning Province, China, producing railway locomotives, multiple units and diesel engines....	580
DF4D(H) (freight version)	1998－?	AC - DC	100	2425	Dalian Dalian Locomotive and Rolling Stock Company CNR Dalian Locomotive and Rolling Stock Company , often abbreviated as DLoco, is a company located in Dalian, Liaoning Province, China, producing railway locomotives, multiple units and diesel engines....	206
DF4D(Z) (sub-highspeed version)	1999－2007	AC - DC	170	2980	Dalian Dalian Locomotive and Rolling Stock Company CNR Dalian Locomotive and Rolling Stock Company , often abbreviated as DLoco, is a company located in Dalian, Liaoning Province, China, producing railway locomotives, multiple units and diesel engines....	333
DF4DJ (DF4DAC)	2000	AC - DC - AC	145	2510	Dalian Dalian Locomotive and Rolling Stock Company CNR Dalian Locomotive and Rolling Stock Company , often abbreviated as DLoco, is a company located in Dalian, Liaoning Province, China, producing railway locomotives, multiple units and diesel engines.... Siemens Siemens Siemens may refer toSiemens, a German family name carried by generations of telecommunications industrialists, including:* Werner von Siemens , inventor, founder of Siemens AG... , Germany Germany Germany , officially the Federal Republic of Germany , is a federal parliamentary republic in Europe. The country consists of 16 states while the capital and largest city is Berlin. Germany covers an area of 357,021 km2 and has a largely temperate seasonal climate...	2
DF4DF	1999–2004	AC - DC	120	2425	Dalian Dalian Locomotive and Rolling Stock Company CNR Dalian Locomotive and Rolling Stock Company , often abbreviated as DLoco, is a company located in Dalian, Liaoning Province, China, producing railway locomotives, multiple units and diesel engines....	31
DF4DD (shunting version)	1999–2004	AC - DC	80	3180	Dalian Dalian Locomotive and Rolling Stock Company CNR Dalian Locomotive and Rolling Stock Company , often abbreviated as DLoco, is a company located in Dalian, Liaoning Province, China, producing railway locomotives, multiple units and diesel engines....	?
DF4E	1995–1997	AC - DC	100	4860 (2×2430)	Sifang	16
DF5	1976 - ?	AC - DC	80	1213	Tangshan Tangshan Railway Vehicle CNR Tangshan Railway Vehicle Co. Ltd. , formerly known as Tangshan Locomotive and Rolling Stock Works, is a manufacturer of locomotives and rolling stock located in Tangshan, Hebei province, People's Republic of China... Sifang	1141
DF5B	?	AC - DC	100	1500	Dalian Dalian Locomotive and Rolling Stock Company CNR Dalian Locomotive and Rolling Stock Company , often abbreviated as DLoco, is a company located in Dalian, Liaoning Province, China, producing railway locomotives, multiple units and diesel engines....	36
DF5BG	?	AC - DC	100	1500	Dalian Dalian Locomotive and Rolling Stock Company CNR Dalian Locomotive and Rolling Stock Company , often abbreviated as DLoco, is a company located in Dalian, Liaoning Province, China, producing railway locomotives, multiple units and diesel engines....	?
DF5C	1994 - 1998年 1998 -	AC - DC	100	1320 2000 (Diesel engine output)	Sifang	?
DF5D	1999 - ?	AC - DC	80	1200	Dalian Dalian Locomotive and Rolling Stock Company CNR Dalian Locomotive and Rolling Stock Company , often abbreviated as DLoco, is a company located in Dalian, Liaoning Province, China, producing railway locomotives, multiple units and diesel engines....	?
DF6	1989	AC - DC	118	2425	Dalian Dalian Locomotive and Rolling Stock Company CNR Dalian Locomotive and Rolling Stock Company , often abbreviated as DLoco, is a company located in Dalian, Liaoning Province, China, producing railway locomotives, multiple units and diesel engines....	4
DF7	1982–1990	AC - DC	100	1470	Beijing Feb. 7th	295
DF7B	1990 - ?	AC - DC	100	1840	Beijing Feb. 7th	215
DF7C	1991–2001	AC - DC	100	1840/1470	Beijing Feb. 7th	289
DF7D	1995–1998	AC - DC	100	1500 (Diesel engine output)	Beijing Feb. 7th	214
DF7E	1998	AC - DC	100	2000 (Diesel engine output)	Beijing Feb. 7th	2
DF7F	2000	AC - DC	100	2650 (Diesel engine output)	Beijing Feb. 7th	?
DF7G	2003 -	AC - DC	100	2200 (Diesel engine output)	Beijing Feb. 7th Sifang	264
DF7J	2004	AC - DC - AC	100	2200 (Diesel engine output)	Beijing Feb. 7th	?
DF8 China Railways DF8 The DF8 is a type of diesel locomotive used in the People's Republic of China. It was in production from 1984 until the middle of the 1990s, with batch production starting in 1989. The revised DF8B is still in production today...	1984–1990	AC - DC	100	3310	Qishuyan	141
DF8B	1997 - ?	AC - DC	100	3100	Qishuyan Ziyang	1013
DF8BJ "West Light" (Simplified Chinese:"西部之光")	2002	AC - DC - AC	120	4000	Ziyang	1
DF8CJ "Sunlight" China Railways DF8 The DF8 is a type of diesel locomotive used in the People's Republic of China. It was in production from 1984 until the middle of the 1990s, with batch production starting in 1989. The revised DF8B is still in production today... (Simplified Chinese:"霞光")	2002	AC - DC - AC	120	3650	Qishuyan	3
DF8DJ (DF8B 5672)	2003	AC - DC - AC	120	3350	Ziyang	1
DF9	1991	AC - DC	170	3040	Qishuyan	2
DF10	?	AC - DC	100	2×1600	Dalian Dalian Locomotive and Rolling Stock Company CNR Dalian Locomotive and Rolling Stock Company , often abbreviated as DLoco, is a company located in Dalian, Liaoning Province, China, producing railway locomotives, multiple units and diesel engines....	1
DF10C	1995	AC - DC	160	2×2130 (Diesel engine output)	Dalian Dalian Locomotive and Rolling Stock Company CNR Dalian Locomotive and Rolling Stock Company , often abbreviated as DLoco, is a company located in Dalian, Liaoning Province, China, producing railway locomotives, multiple units and diesel engines....	1
DF10D	?	AC - DC	120	2×1600	Dalian Dalian Locomotive and Rolling Stock Company CNR Dalian Locomotive and Rolling Stock Company , often abbreviated as DLoco, is a company located in Dalian, Liaoning Province, China, producing railway locomotives, multiple units and diesel engines....	1
DF10DD	2003 -	AC - DC	100	2200 (Diesel engine output)	Dalian Dalian Locomotive and Rolling Stock Company CNR Dalian Locomotive and Rolling Stock Company , often abbreviated as DLoco, is a company located in Dalian, Liaoning Province, China, producing railway locomotives, multiple units and diesel engines....	?
DF10F	1996–1998	AC - DC	160	2×2200 (Diesel engine output)	Dalian Dalian Locomotive and Rolling Stock Company CNR Dalian Locomotive and Rolling Stock Company , often abbreviated as DLoco, is a company located in Dalian, Liaoning Province, China, producing railway locomotives, multiple units and diesel engines....	6
DF11 China Railways DF11 The Dongfeng -11 diesel locomotives , is a quasi- high-speed diesel locomotive , from China Qishuyan Locomotive Works Manufacturing Co. used by the China Railway.- Overview :...	1992–2005	AC - DC	170	3040	Qishuyan	460
DF11G	2003－	AC - DC	170	6080 (2×3040)	Qishuyan	79
DF11Z	2002	AC - DC	160	6080 (2×3040)	Qishuyan	4
DF12	1997–2001	AC - DC	100	1990	Ziyang	?
DF21 (narrow gauge Narrow gauge A narrow gauge railway is a railway that has a track gauge narrower than the of standard gauge railways. Most existing narrow gauge railways have gauges of between and .- Overview :... )	?	AC - DC	60	1500 (Diesel engine output)	Sifang	11
NJ1	1999	AC - DC - AC	80	1320 (Diesel engine output)	Sifang	3
HXN3 "Harmony" EMD JT56ACe The China Railways HXN3 is a 6000 horsepower diesel-electric locomotive produced by Electro-Motive Diesels designed for export to China. All JT56ACe locomotives use AC traction motor technology and utilize the EMD H-Engine as their prime mover...	2008 -	AC - DC - AC	120	3700	Dalian Dalian Locomotive and Rolling Stock Company CNR Dalian Locomotive and Rolling Stock Company , often abbreviated as DLoco, is a company located in Dalian, Liaoning Province, China, producing railway locomotives, multiple units and diesel engines.... EMD EMD - Music :* E.M.D., a Swedish band* The Explorations in Music and Dance / EMD Network, represents diverse higher education institutions of dance and music in Greenland, Finland, Sweden, Denmark, Iceland, Norway, Estonia, Latvia, and Lithuania with additional institutional partners in the European... , USA	?
HXN5 "Harmony" China Railways HXN5 The GE ES59ACi, also known as the HXN5 or China Mainline Locomotive, is a type of diesel locomotive built by GE Transportation Systems and Qishuyan Locomotive and Rolling Stock Works for use on freight trains from Harbin to Qiqihar and Mudanjiang in the People's Republic of China.In October 2005,...	2008 -	AC - DC - AC	120	3700	Qishuyan GE Gê Gê are the people who spoke Ge languages of the northern South American Caribbean coast and Brazil. In Brazil the Gê were found in Rio de Janeiro, Minas Gerais, Bahia, Piaui, Mato Grosso, Goias, Tocantins, Maranhão, and as far south as Paraguay.... , USA	?
Sources

Imported

Model	Build year	Transmission	Top speed (In operation) （km/h）	Power output （kW）	Builder (Family)	Total production	Photo
ND1	1958;1965	DC - DC	80	440	Hungary Hungary Hungary , officially the Republic of Hungary , is a landlocked country in Central Europe. It is situated in the Carpathian Basin and is bordered by Slovakia to the north, Ukraine and Romania to the east, Serbia and Croatia to the south, Slovenia to the southwest and Austria to the west. The...  Ganz (Hungarian State Railways Hungarian State Railways Hungarian State Railways is the Hungarian national railway company, with divisions "MÁV Start Zrt" and "MÁV Cargo Zrt" ....  Class M44)	26
ND2 China Railways ND2 ND2 is the name for a Romanian diesel-electric locomotive, produced by Electroputere, exported to and employed in China by China Railways. It was made for the purpose of heavy transport.-History:ND2 is a derivative of LDE2100 locomotive...	1972–1987	DC - DC	120	1280	Electroputere Electroputere Electroputere S.A. , is a company based in Craiova, Romania. Founded in 1949, it is today one of the largest industrial companies in Romania.... , Romania Romania Romania is a country located at the crossroads of Central and Southeastern Europe, on the Lower Danube, within and outside the Carpathian arch, bordering on the Black Sea...  Craiova Craiova Craiova , Romania's 6th largest city and capital of Dolj County, is situated near the east bank of the river Jiu in central Oltenia. It is a longstanding political center, and is located at approximately equal distances from the Southern Carpathians and the River Danube . Craiova is the chief...   (CFR 060DA)	284
ND3	1985	DC - DC	100	1540	Electroputere Electroputere Electroputere S.A. , is a company based in Craiova, Romania. Founded in 1949, it is today one of the largest industrial companies in Romania.... , Romania Romania Romania is a country located at the crossroads of Central and Southeastern Europe, on the Lower Danube, within and outside the Carpathian arch, bordering on the Black Sea...  Craiova Craiova Craiova , Romania's 6th largest city and capital of Dolj County, is situated near the east bank of the river Jiu in central Oltenia. It is a longstanding political center, and is located at approximately equal distances from the Southern Carpathians and the River Danube . Craiova is the chief...	88
ND4	1973–1975	AC - DC	100	2150	Alstom Alstom Alstom is a large multinational conglomerate which holds interests in the power generation and transport markets. According to the company website, in the years 2010-2011 Alstom had annual sales of over €20.9 billion, and employed more than 85,000 people in 70 countries. Alstom's headquarters are... , France France The French Republic , The French Republic , The French Republic , (commonly known as France , is a unitary semi-presidential republic in Western Europe with several overseas territories and islands located on other continents and in the Indian, Pacific, and Atlantic oceans. Metropolitan France...	50
ND5 China Railways ND5 ND5 is a class of diesel-electric locomotives employed by China Railways. It is a standard General Electric C36-7....	1984－1986	AC - DC	118	2550	GE Gê Gê are the people who spoke Ge languages of the northern South American Caribbean coast and Brazil. In Brazil the Gê were found in Rio de Janeiro, Minas Gerais, Bahia, Piaui, Mato Grosso, Goias, Tocantins, Maranhão, and as far south as Paraguay.... , USA (GE C36-7 GE C36-7 The GE C36-7 is a 6-axle diesel locomotive built by GE Transportation Systems and GE do Brasil between 1978 and 1989. 599 examples of this locomotive were built, 422 of which were exported to the People's Republic of China, which designated it ND5... )	422
NJ2 China Railways NJ2 NJ2 is a class of diesel-electric locomotives employed by China Railways. Built in Erie, Pennsylvania, it is a standard GE Transportation Systems GE Dash 9-44CW and marketed as GE C38AChe. It was specially-designed for high altitude operation on the Qinghai-Tibet Railway route...	2005–2006	AC - DC - AC	120	3800	GE Gê Gê are the people who spoke Ge languages of the northern South American Caribbean coast and Brazil. In Brazil the Gê were found in Rio de Janeiro, Minas Gerais, Bahia, Piaui, Mato Grosso, Goias, Tocantins, Maranhão, and as far south as Paraguay.... , USA	78

Shaoshan (SS) series

Model	Build year	Top speed (In operation) （km/h）	Power output （kW）	Builder	Total production	Photo
SS1 China Railways SS1 -Development history:This locomotive was the first Chinese electric main line locomotive, made by the Zhuzhou Electric Locomotive Works with the assistance of the Soviet Union and following the design of the Soviet-H60 electric locomotive... (6Y1)	1958—1988	90	3780	Zhuzhou	826
SS2	1969	100	4620	Zhuzhou	1
SS3	1978—1993	100	4320	Zhuzhou Ziyang Datong	677
SS3(4000)	1992—2006	100	4320	Zhuzhou Ziyang Datong Taiyuan	733
SS3B (coupling of double loco)	2003—2006?	100	2×4320	Zhuzhou Ziyang Datong	333
SS3C	2008	100	2×4800	Taiyuan	1
SS4	1985—2003	100	2×3200	Zhuzhou	158
SS4G	1993—2007	100	2×3200	Zhuzhou Ziyang Dalian Dalian Locomotive and Rolling Stock Company CNR Dalian Locomotive and Rolling Stock Company , often abbreviated as DLoco, is a company located in Dalian, Liaoning Province, China, producing railway locomotives, multiple units and diesel engines.... Datong	1347
SS4B	1995—2006	100	2×3200	Zhuzhou	130
SS4C	1997	100	2×3200	Zhuzhou	2
SS5	1991	140	3200	Zhuzhou	2
SS6	1990—1992	100	4800	Zhuzhou	53
SS6B	1992—?	100	4800	Zhuzhou	148
SS7 China Railways SS7 The SS7 is a type of electric locomotive used on the People's Republic of China's national railway system. They are widely used on electrified lines in the southwest part of China....	1992—2007	100	4800	Datong	113
SS7B	1997	100	4800	Datong	2
SS7C	1998—2006	120	4800	Datong	171
SS7D	1999—2002	170	4800	Datong	59
SS7E	2001—2006	170	4800	Datong Dalian Dalian Locomotive and Rolling Stock Company CNR Dalian Locomotive and Rolling Stock Company , often abbreviated as DLoco, is a company located in Dalian, Liaoning Province, China, producing railway locomotives, multiple units and diesel engines....	146
SS8 China Railways SS8 The SS8 is a 25kV 50 Hz AC electric locomotive used on the Peoples' Republic of China's national railway system. The only route they were used on was the Jingguang line, the railway line linking Beijing West Railway Station with Guangzhou, Guangdong....	1994—2001	170	3600	Zhuzhou	245
SS9 China Railways SS9 The SS9 is a type of electric locomotive used on China Railways. They are mainly used in pulling sub-highspeed passenger trains.Developed and built by CSR Zhuzhou Electric Locomotive Works, the SS9 was designed for the fifth national railway speedup, and 2 prototypes were completed on December 26,...	1998—2002	170	4800	Zhuzhou	214
SS9G	2002—2006	170	4800	Zhuzhou	214

Imported

Model	Build year	Top speed (In operation) （km/h）	Power output （kW）	Builder (Family)	Total production	Photo
6Y2	1958—1961	101	4740	Alstom Alstom Alstom is a large multinational conglomerate which holds interests in the power generation and transport markets. According to the company website, in the years 2010-2011 Alstom had annual sales of over €20.9 billion, and employed more than 85,000 people in 70 countries. Alstom's headquarters are... , France France The French Republic , The French Republic , The French Republic , (commonly known as France , is a unitary semi-presidential republic in Western Europe with several overseas territories and islands located on other continents and in the Indian, Pacific, and Atlantic oceans. Metropolitan France... （SNCF Class CC 7100 SNCF Class CC 7100 SNCF's CC 7100 class are part of a series of electric locomotives built by Alsthom. The prototype 'CC 7000' were built in 1949 and the production series locomotives CC 7101-CC 7158 followed during 1952–1955... ）	25
6G1	1971	120	5100	Romania Romania Romania is a country located at the crossroads of Central and Southeastern Europe, on the Lower Danube, within and outside the Carpathian arch, bordering on the Black Sea... （CFR Class 40）	2
6G	1973	112	5400	Alstom Alstom Alstom is a large multinational conglomerate which holds interests in the power generation and transport markets. According to the company website, in the years 2010-2011 Alstom had annual sales of over €20.9 billion, and employed more than 85,000 people in 70 countries. Alstom's headquarters are... , France France The French Republic , The French Republic , The French Republic , (commonly known as France , is a unitary semi-presidential republic in Western Europe with several overseas territories and islands located on other continents and in the Indian, Pacific, and Atlantic oceans. Metropolitan France...	40
6K China Railways 6K The 6K is a Japanese-built electric locomotive used in China. It is developed and built by Kawasaki Heavy Industries and Mitsubishi Electric. The design of 6K is based on JNR Class ED75 and EF66 electric locomotives . It is the first locomotive with Bo-Bo-Bo wheel arrangement used in China...	1986–1987	100	5100	Kawasaki Heavy Industries Kawasaki Heavy Industries is an international corporation based in Japan. It has headquarters in both Chūō-ku, Kobe and Minato, Tokyo.The company is named after its founder Shōzō Kawasaki and has no connection with the city of Kawasaki, Kanagawa.... , Japan Japan Japan is an island nation in East Asia. Located in the Pacific Ocean, it lies to the east of the Sea of Japan, China, North Korea, South Korea and Russia, stretching from the Sea of Okhotsk in the north to the East China Sea and Taiwan in the south... （JNR Class EF66 JNR Class EF66 The EF66 is a 6-axle electric locomotive designed for fast freight used by Japanese National Railways and currently operated by its descendents JR West and JR Freight.-Background and history:... 、JNR Class ED75）	85
8G	1987–1990	100	2×3200	Novocherkassk Electric Locomotive Plant Novocherkassk Electric Locomotive Plant Established in 1936, Novocherkassk Electric Locomotive Plant is based in the Russian town of Novocherkassk, Rostov Region. It is now part of Transmashholding.-List of Products:... , USSR （ВЛ80）	100
8K	1987	100	2×3200	Group: Alsthom, Siemens Siemens Siemens may refer toSiemens, a German family name carried by generations of telecommunications industrialists, including:* Werner von Siemens , inventor, founder of Siemens AG... , BBC BBC The British Broadcasting Corporation is a British public service broadcaster. Its headquarters is at Broadcasting House in the City of Westminster, London. It is the largest broadcaster in the world, with about 23,000 staff...  and others	150

AC-DC-AC transmission

Both post 2000 introductions of asynchronous AC motor driven locomotives and high speed trains based on technology transfer arrangements with other countries have been given the common name "Harmony" series. Ministry of Railways deputy chief engineer Zhang Shuguang explained that the name was to represent energy efficiency and good environmental credentials as well as indicating smooth running of complicated systems. Vehicles of the 'Harmony' series have an "H" in their type descriptions.

Model	Build year	Top speed (In operation) (km/h)	Power output (kW)	Builder (Family)	Total production	Photo
AC4000	1996	120	4000	Zhuzhou	1
DJ "Jiufang" (Simplified Chinese:"九方")	2000	200	4800	Zhuzhou	2
DJ1 China Railways DJ1 The China Railways DJ1 is a high power mainline electric freight locomotive built as a double locomotive unit of two nominally independent single cab units.-Background and description:...	2000–2001	120	6400	Zhuzhou Siemens Siemens Siemens may refer toSiemens, a German family name carried by generations of telecommunications industrialists, including:* Werner von Siemens , inventor, founder of Siemens AG... , Germany Germany Germany , officially the Federal Republic of Germany , is a federal parliamentary republic in Europe. The country consists of 16 states while the capital and largest city is Berlin. Germany covers an area of 357,021 km2 and has a largely temperate seasonal climate...	20
DJ2 "Olympic Stars" (Simplified Chinese:"奥星")	2001	200	4800	Zhuzhou	3
Tiansuo (Simplified Chinese:"天梭")	2003	200	4800	Datong	1
HXD1 China Railways HXD1 The China Railways HXD1 also sometimes known as the DJ4Both the HXD1 and HXD2 double unit locomotives were designated DJ4, the HXD2 units being disambiguated DJ4-6000... (DJ4)	2006–2008	120	9600 (2×4800)	Zhuzhou Siemens Siemens Siemens may refer toSiemens, a German family name carried by generations of telecommunications industrialists, including:* Werner von Siemens , inventor, founder of Siemens AG... , Germany Germany Germany , officially the Federal Republic of Germany , is a federal parliamentary republic in Europe. The country consists of 16 states while the capital and largest city is Berlin. Germany covers an area of 357,021 km2 and has a largely temperate seasonal climate...	180
HXD1B	2009–2011	120	9600	Zhuzhou	500 ordered
HXD1C	2009 -	120	7200	Zhuzhou Ziyang	990 ordered
HXD2 China Railways HXD2 The HXD2 locomotives are a series of related locomotive classes built by CNR Datong Electric Locomotive and Alstom. The locomotives designs are based on the Alstom Prima electric locomotives, and are a product of a cooperation agreement signed between the two companies in 2004... (DJ4-6000)	2006–2008	120	10000 (2×5000)	Alstom Alstom Alstom is a large multinational conglomerate which holds interests in the power generation and transport markets. According to the company website, in the years 2010-2011 Alstom had annual sales of over €20.9 billion, and employed more than 85,000 people in 70 countries. Alstom's headquarters are... , France France The French Republic , The French Republic , The French Republic , (commonly known as France , is a unitary semi-presidential republic in Western Europe with several overseas territories and islands located on other continents and in the Indian, Pacific, and Atlantic oceans. Metropolitan France... Datong	180
HXD2B	2009–2011	120	9600	Alstom Alstom Alstom is a large multinational conglomerate which holds interests in the power generation and transport markets. According to the company website, in the years 2010-2011 Alstom had annual sales of over €20.9 billion, and employed more than 85,000 people in 70 countries. Alstom's headquarters are... , France France The French Republic , The French Republic , The French Republic , (commonly known as France , is a unitary semi-presidential republic in Western Europe with several overseas territories and islands located on other continents and in the Indian, Pacific, and Atlantic oceans. Metropolitan France... Datong	500 ordered
HXD2C	2010–2011	120	7200	Datong	220 ordered
HXD3 China Railways HXD3 HXD3 is an electric locomotive built in Mainland China by CNR Dalian Locomotives.The locomotive is designed for hauling 5,000t freight trains on main lines... (SSJ3, DJ3, SL1)	2003—2010	120	7200	Toshiba Toshiba is a multinational electronics and electrical equipment corporation headquartered in Tokyo, Japan. It is a diversified manufacturer and marketer of electrical products, spanning information & communications equipment and systems, Internet-based solutions and services, electronic components and... Dalian Dalian Locomotive and Rolling Stock Company CNR Dalian Locomotive and Rolling Stock Company , often abbreviated as DLoco, is a company located in Dalian, Liaoning Province, China, producing railway locomotives, multiple units and diesel engines.... Datong Beijing Feb. 7th	1040 ordered
HXD3B China Railways HXD3B HXD3B is a class of electric locomotives for heavy freight service built by Bombardier Transportation and CNR Dalian Locomotives.- History :...	2009–2011	120	9600	Dalian Dalian Locomotive and Rolling Stock Company CNR Dalian Locomotive and Rolling Stock Company , often abbreviated as DLoco, is a company located in Dalian, Liaoning Province, China, producing railway locomotives, multiple units and diesel engines.... Bombardier Bombardier Transportation Bombardier Transportation is the rail equipment division of the Canadian firm, Bombardier Inc. Bombardier Transportation is one of the world's largest companies in the rail-equipment manufacturing and servicing industry. Its headquarters are in Berlin, Germany....	500 ordered
HXD3C	2010 -	120	7200	Dalian Dalian Locomotive and Rolling Stock Company CNR Dalian Locomotive and Rolling Stock Company , often abbreviated as DLoco, is a company located in Dalian, Liaoning Province, China, producing railway locomotives, multiple units and diesel engines....	500 ordered