List of properties of sets of reals
Encyclopedia
This page lists some properties of sets of real number
s. The general study of these concepts forms descriptive set theory
, which has a rather different emphasis from general topology
.
Real number
In mathematics, a real number is a value that represents a quantity along a continuum, such as -5 , 4/3 , 8.6 , √2 and π...
s. The general study of these concepts forms descriptive set theory
Descriptive set theory
In mathematical logic, descriptive set theory is the study of certain classes of "well-behaved" subsets of the real line and other Polish spaces...
, which has a rather different emphasis from general topology
General topology
In mathematics, general topology or point-set topology is the branch of topology which studies properties of topological spaces and structures defined on them...
.
Definability properties
- Borel setBorel setIn mathematics, a Borel set is any set in a topological space that can be formed from open sets through the operations of countable union, countable intersection, and relative complement...
- Analytic setAnalytic setIn descriptive set theory, a subset of a Polish space X is an analytic set if it is a continuous image of a Polish space. These sets were first defined by and his student .- Definition :There are several equivalent definitions of analytic set...
- C-measurable set
- Projective set
- Inductive setInductive setIn descriptive set theory, an inductive set of real numbers is one that can be defined as the least fixed point of a monotone operation definable by a positive Σ1n formula, for some natural number n, together with a real parameter.The inductive sets form a boldface pointclass; that is, they...
- Infinity-Borel setInfinity-Borel setIn set theory, a subset of a Polish space X is ∞-Borel if itcan be obtained by starting with the open subsets of X, and transfinitely iterating the operations of complementation and wellordered union...
- Suslin setSuslin setThe concept of a Suslin set was first used by Mikhail Yakovlevich Suslin when he was researching the properties of projections of Borel sets in \R^2 onto the real axis...
- Homogeneously Suslin setHomogeneously Suslin setIn descriptive set theory, a set S is said to be homogeneously Suslin if it is the projection of a homogeneous tree. S is said to be \kappa-homogeneously Suslin if it is the projection of a \kappa-homogeneous tree....
- Weakly homogeneously Suslin set
Regularity properties
- Property of Baire
- Lebesgue measurable
- Universally measurable setUniversally measurable setIn mathematics, a subset A of a Polish space X is universally measurable if it is measurable with respect to every complete probability measure on X that measures all Borel subsets of X. In particular, a universally measurable set of reals is necessarily Lebesgue measurable below.Every analytic...
- Perfect set propertyPerfect set propertyIn descriptive set theory, a subset of a Polish space has the perfect set property if it is either countable or has a nonempty perfect subset...
- Universally Baire setUniversally Baire setIn the mathematical field of descriptive set theory, a set of reals is called universally Baire if it has a certain strong regularity property. Universally Baire sets play an important role in Ω-logic, a very strong logical system invented by W...
Largeness and smallness properties
- Meager set
- Comeager set - A comeager set is one whose complement is meager.
- Null setNull setIn mathematics, a null set is a set that is negligible in some sense. For different applications, the meaning of "negligible" varies. In measure theory, any set of measure 0 is called a null set...
- Conull setConull setIn measure theory, a conull set is a set whose complement is null, i.e., the measure of the complement is zero. For example, the set of irrational numbers is a conull subset of the real line with Lebesgue measure.See also:*Almost everywhere...
- Dense setDense setIn topology and related areas of mathematics, a subset A of a topological space X is called dense if any point x in X belongs to A or is a limit point of A...
- Nowhere dense setNowhere dense setIn mathematics, a nowhere dense set in a topological space is a set whose closure has empty interior. The order of operations is important. For example, the set of rational numbers, as a subset of R has the property that the closure of the interior is empty, but it is not nowhere dense; in fact it...