List of research stations in Antarctica

A number of governments maintain permanent research station

Research station

A research station is a station built for the purpose of conducting scientific research. Research station sites might include outer space and oceans. Many nations have research stations in Antarctica; Showa Station, Halley and Troll are examples...

s throughout Antarctica. Many of the stations are staffed

Demographics of Antarctica

Antarctica has no indigenous inhabitants, but there are permanently and seasonally staffed research stations, field camps, and former whaling settlements. The largest of these, McMurdo Station, has a population of about 1200 residents...

around the year. A total of 30 countries (as of October 2006), all signatory to the Antarctic Treaty

Antarctic Treaty System

The Antarctic Treaty and related agreements, collectively called the Antarctic Treaty System or ATS, regulate international relations with respect to Antarctica, Earth's only continent without a native human population. For the purposes of the treaty system, Antarctica is defined as all of the land...

, operate seasonal (summer) and year-round research stations on the continent and in its surrounding oceans.

The population of people doing and supporting science on the continent and its nearby islands varies from approximately 4,000 during the summer season to 1,000 during winter. In addition to these permanent stations, approximately 30 field camps are established each summer to support specific projects.

Research stations

Base	Open	Country	Established	Operator	Situation	Coordinates	Time zone Time zone A time zone is a region on Earth that has a uniform standard time for legal, commercial, and social purposes. In order for the same clock time to always correspond to the same portion of the day as the Earth rotates , different places on the Earth need to have different clock times...
Aboa Aboa (research station) Aboa is a Finnish research station in Antarctica. It was built in 1988. It is located in Queen Maud Land, about 130 kilometers from the coast, on a nunatak called Basen in the Vestfjella Mountains...	Summer	Finland Finland Finland , officially the Republic of Finland, is a Nordic country situated in the Fennoscandian region of Northern Europe. It is bordered by Sweden in the west, Norway in the north and Russia in the east, while Estonia lies to its south across the Gulf of Finland.Around 5.4 million people reside...	1988	Finnish Antarctic Research Program	Queen Maud Land Queen Maud Land Queen Maud Land is a c. 2.7 million-square-kilometre region of Antarctica claimed as a dependent territory by Norway. The territory lies between 20° west and 45° east, between the British Antarctic Territory to the west and the Australian Antarctic Territory to the east. The latitudinal...	73°03′S 13°25′W
Vernadsky Research Base Vernadsky Research Base Vernadsky Research Base is a Ukrainian Antarctic Station at Marina Point on Galindez Island in the Argentine Islands, Antarctica.-United Kingdom:...	Permanent	Ukraine Ukraine Ukraine is a country in Eastern Europe. It has an area of 603,628 km², making it the second largest contiguous country on the European continent, after Russia...	1994		Galindez Island Galindez Island Galindez Island is an island long, lying immediately east of Winter Island in the Argentine Islands, Wilhelm Archipelago.Discovered by the French Antarctic Expedition, 1903-05, under Jean-Baptiste Charcot, who named it for Commander Ismael F. Galíndez, Argentine Navy, who was dispatched in the...	65°14′44.6"S 64°15′26"W	UTC-3
Almirante Brown Antarctic Base Almirante Brown Antarctic Base Almirante Brown Antarctic Base is an Argentine Antarctic base named after Admiral Guillermo Brown, the father of the Argentine Navy. The original station located in Paradise Bay was burned down in 1984...	Summer	Argentina Argentina Argentina , officially the Argentine Republic , is the second largest country in South America by land area, after Brazil. It is constituted as a federation of 23 provinces and an autonomous city, Buenos Aires...	1951	Instituto Antartico Argentino Instituto Antartico Argentino The Instituto Antártico Argentino is the Argentine federal agency in charge of orientating, controlling, addressing and performing scientific and technical research and studies in the Antarctic....	Antarctic Peninsula Antarctic Peninsula The Antarctic Peninsula is the northernmost part of the mainland of Antarctica. It extends from a line between Cape Adams and a point on the mainland south of Eklund Islands....	64°53′42.4"S 62°52′16.8"W	UTC-3
Amundsen-Scott South Pole Station Amundsen-Scott South Pole Station The Amundsen–Scott South Pole Station is the American scientific research station on the high plateau of Antarctica. This station is located at the southernmost place on the Earth, the Geographic South Pole, at an elevation of 2,835 meters above sea level.The original Amundsen-Scott Station was...	Permanent	United States United States The United States of America is a federal constitutional republic comprising fifty states and a federal district...	1957	United States Antarctic Program United States Antarctic Program United States Antarctic Program is an organization of the United States government which has presence in the continent of Antarctica. It co-ordinates research and the operational support for research in the region...	Geographical South Pole South Pole The South Pole, also known as the Geographic South Pole or Terrestrial South Pole, is one of the two points where the Earth's axis of rotation intersects its surface. It is the southernmost point on the surface of the Earth and lies on the opposite side of the Earth from the North Pole...	90°S 0°E	UTC+12*
Artigas Base Artigas Base The General Artigas Station , also referred to as the Artigas Base is a small Uruguayan scientific research station in Antarctica. It is only one of the 68 bases in Antarctica.-Organization:...	Permanent	Uruguay Uruguay Uruguay ,officially the Oriental Republic of Uruguay,sometimes the Eastern Republic of Uruguay; ) is a country in the southeastern part of South America. It is home to some 3.5 million people, of whom 1.8 million live in the capital Montevideo and its metropolitan area...	1984	Uruguayan Antarctic Institute Uruguayan Antarctic Institute The Uruguayan Antarctic Institute is Uruguay's governmental agency to fund, organize, control and promote research on Antarctica according with the Antarctic Treaty System...	King George Island	62°11′3.4"S 58°54′11.9"W	UTC-3
Asuka Station Asuka Station (Antarctica) The is a permanent Japanese Antarctic unmanned observation base. It is located on Queen Maud Land and was opened in 1985....	unmanned observation	Japan Japan Japan is an island nation in East Asia. Located in the Pacific Ocean, it lies to the east of the Sea of Japan, China, North Korea, South Korea and Russia, stretching from the Sea of Okhotsk in the north to the East China Sea and Taiwan in the south...	1985	National Institute of Polar Research	Queen Maud Land Queen Maud Land Queen Maud Land is a c. 2.7 million-square-kilometre region of Antarctica claimed as a dependent territory by Norway. The territory lies between 20° west and 45° east, between the British Antarctic Territory to the west and the Australian Antarctic Territory to the east. The latitudinal...	71°31′34"S 24°08′17"E
Belgrano II General Belgrano II Belgrano II is an Argentine research station in Antarctica located at -History:In 1955, General Hernan Pujato founded the first Belgrano station, remaining for years as the southernmost base. On February 5, 1979 the Belgrano II was opened as replacement of the previous base...	Permanent	Argentina Argentina Argentina , officially the Argentine Republic , is the second largest country in South America by land area, after Brazil. It is constituted as a federation of 23 provinces and an autonomous city, Buenos Aires...	1979	Argentine Antarctic Institute Instituto Antartico Argentino The Instituto Antártico Argentino is the Argentine federal agency in charge of orientating, controlling, addressing and performing scientific and technical research and studies in the Antarctic.... Argentine Army Argentine Army The Argentine Army is the land armed force branch of the Armed Forces of the Argentine Republic and the senior military service of the country.- History :...	Coats Land Coats Land Coats Land is a region in Antarctica which lies westward of Queen Maud Land and forms the eastern shore of the Weddell Sea, extending in a general northeast-southwest direction between 20º00´W and 36º00´W. The northeast part was discovered from the Scotia by William S. Bruce, leader of the Scottish...	77°52′27.8"S 34°37′14.9"W	UTC-3
Bellingshausen Station Bellingshausen Station thumb\|right\|Bellingshausen is one of Antarctica's most polluted places. Old vehicles, rusting barrels and other refuse litter the shorelinethumb\|right\|Muddy scene around the base. On the hilltop an orthodox church was built in 2004...	Permanent	Russia Russia Russia or , officially known as both Russia and the Russian Federation , is a country in northern Eurasia. It is a federal semi-presidential republic, comprising 83 federal subjects...	1968		King George Island	62°11′47"S 58°57′39"W
Bernardo O'Higgins Station Base General Bernardo O'Higgins Riquelme Base General Bernardo O'Higgins Riquelme, also Base Libertador General Bernardo O'Higgins Riquelme, or shortly Bernardo O'Higgins, named after Bernardo O'Higgins is a permanently staffed Chilean base in Antarctica. It is located at , at an elevation of 13 m, about 30 km southwest of Prime...	Permanent	Chile Chile Chile ,officially the Republic of Chile , is a country in South America occupying a long, narrow coastal strip between the Andes mountains to the east and the Pacific Ocean to the west. It borders Peru to the north, Bolivia to the northeast, Argentina to the east, and the Drake Passage in the far...	1948	Chilean Army Chilean Army The Chilean Army is the land arm of the Military of Chile. This 45,000-person army is organized into seven divisions, a special operations brigade and an air brigade.... , Logistics	Antarctic Peninsula Antarctic Peninsula The Antarctic Peninsula is the northernmost part of the mainland of Antarctica. It extends from a line between Cape Adams and a point on the mainland south of Eklund Islands....	63°19′15"S 57°53′56.2"W	UTC-4*
Bharati (planned)	Permanent	India India India , officially the Republic of India , is a country in South Asia. It is the seventh-largest country by geographical area, the second-most populous country with over 1.2 billion people, and the most populous democracy in the world...	2012	Indian Antarctic Program Indian Antarctic Program The Indian Antarctic Program is a multi-disciplinary, multi-institutional program under the control of the National Centre for Antarctic and Ocean Research, Ministry of Earth Sciences, Government of India. It was initiated in 1981 with the first Indian expedition to Antarctica...
Byrd Station Byrd Station Byrd Station refers to a research station established by the United States during the International Geophysical Year by the U.S. Navy during Operation Deep Freeze II in West Antarctica at 80°, 120°W...	Summer	United States United States The United States of America is a federal constitutional republic comprising fifty states and a federal district...	1957	United States Antarctic Program United States Antarctic Program United States Antarctic Program is an organization of the United States government which has presence in the continent of Antarctica. It co-ordinates research and the operational support for research in the region...	Marie Byrd Land Marie Byrd Land Marie Byrd Land is the portion of West Antarctica lying east of the Ross Ice Shelf and the Ross Sea and south of the Pacific Ocean, extending eastward approximately to a line between the head of the Ross Ice Shelf and Eights Coast. It stretches between 158°W and 103°24'W...	80°01′00"S 119°32′00"W
Captain Arturo Prat Base Captain Arturo Prat Base Captain Arturo Prat Base is a Chilean Antarctic research base located at Iquique Cove, Greenwich Island in the South Shetland Islands, Antarctica. Opened February 6, 1947, it is the oldest Chilean Antarctic station. Until March 1, 2006, it was a base of the Chilean Navy, on which date it was handed...	Permanent	Chile Chile Chile ,officially the Republic of Chile , is a country in South America occupying a long, narrow coastal strip between the Andes mountains to the east and the Pacific Ocean to the west. It borders Peru to the north, Bolivia to the northeast, Argentina to the east, and the Drake Passage in the far...	1947	Chilean Navy Chilean Navy -Independence Wars of Chile and Peru :The Chilean Navy dates back to 1817. A year before, following the Battle of Chacabuco, General Bernardo O'Higgins prophetically declared "this victory and another hundred shall be of no significance if we do not gain control of the sea".This led to the...	Greenwich Island	62°28′45"S 59°39′51"W	UTC-4*
Casey Station Casey Station Casey Station is a permanent base in Antarctica managed by the Australian Antarctic Division located on Vincennes Bay in the Australian Antarctic Territory.- History :...	Permanent	Australia Australia Australia , officially the Commonwealth of Australia, is a country in the Southern Hemisphere comprising the mainland of the Australian continent, the island of Tasmania, and numerous smaller islands in the Indian and Pacific Oceans. It is the world's sixth-largest country by total area...	1959	Australian Antarctic Division Australian Antarctic Division The Australian Antarctic Division is an agency of the Department of Sustainability, Environment, Water, Population and Communities . The division undertakes science programs and research projects to contribute to an understanding of Antarctica and the Southern Ocean...	Vincennes Bay Vincennes Bay Vincennes Bay is a large V-shaped bay, 105 km wide at its entrance between Cape Nutt and Cape Folger in Antarctica, marked by several large, steep glaciers near its head, lying along Knox and Budd Coasts. Photographed from the air by USN OpHjp, 1946-47...	66°16′55.6"S 110°31′31.9"E	UTC+8
Comandante Ferraz Brazilian Antarctic Base Comandante Ferraz Brazilian Antarctic Base The Comandante Ferraz Brazilian Antarctic Base is a Brazilian research station located in Admiralty Bay, King George Island, near the tip of the Antarctic Peninsula....	Permanent	Brazil Brazil Brazil , officially the Federative Republic of Brazil , is the largest country in South America. It is the world's fifth largest country, both by geographical area and by population with over 192 million people...	1984		King George Island	62°05′00"S 58°23′28.2"W
Concordia Station Concordia Station Concordia Research Station, which opened in 2005, is a research facility that was built 3,233 m above sea level at a location called Dome C on the Antarctic Plateau, Antarctica...	Permanent	France France The French Republic , The French Republic , The French Republic , (commonly known as France , is a unitary semi-presidential republic in Western Europe with several overseas territories and islands located on other continents and in the Indian, Pacific, and Atlantic oceans. Metropolitan France... Italy Italy Italy , officially the Italian Republic languages]] under the European Charter for Regional or Minority Languages. In each of these, Italy's official name is as follows:;;;;;;;;), is a unitary parliamentary republic in South-Central Europe. To the north it borders France, Switzerland, Austria and...	2005		Dome C Dome C Dome C, also known as Dome Circe or Dome Charlie, located at Antarctica at an altitude of 3,233 m or 10,607 ft above sea level, is one of several summits or "domes" of the Antarctic Ice Sheet... , Antarctic Plateau Antarctic Plateau The Antarctic Plateau is a large area of Central Antarctica, which extends over a diameter of about , and which includes the region of the South Pole and the Amundsen-Scott Station...	75°06′00"S 123°20′00"E
Dakshin Gangotri Station Dakshina Gangotri Dakshin Gangotri was the first scientific base station of India situated in Antarctica, part of the Indian Antarctic Program.It was established during the third Indian expedition to Antarctica in 1983-84. This was the first time Indian team started staying in winter in Antarctica to carry out...	Replaced by Maitri Station Maitri Maitri is India's second permanent research station in Antarctica. It was built and finished in 1989, shortly before the first station Dakshin Gangotri was buried in ice and abandoned in 1990-91...	India India India , officially the Republic of India , is a country in South Asia. It is the seventh-largest country by geographical area, the second-most populous country with over 1.2 billion people, and the most populous democracy in the world...	1984~1991	Indian Antarctic Program Indian Antarctic Program The Indian Antarctic Program is a multi-disciplinary, multi-institutional program under the control of the National Centre for Antarctic and Ocean Research, Ministry of Earth Sciences, Government of India. It was initiated in 1981 with the first Indian expedition to Antarctica...	Queen Maud Land Queen Maud Land Queen Maud Land is a c. 2.7 million-square-kilometre region of Antarctica claimed as a dependent territory by Norway. The territory lies between 20° west and 45° east, between the British Antarctic Territory to the west and the Australian Antarctic Territory to the east. The latitudinal...	70°45′S 11°46′E
Davis Station Davis Station Davis Station is a permanent base in Antarctica managed by the Australian Antarctic Division . It is the busiest Australian scientific research station...	Permanent	Australia Australia Australia , officially the Commonwealth of Australia, is a country in the Southern Hemisphere comprising the mainland of the Australian continent, the island of Tasmania, and numerous smaller islands in the Indian and Pacific Oceans. It is the world's sixth-largest country by total area...	1957	Australian Antarctic Division Australian Antarctic Division The Australian Antarctic Division is an agency of the Department of Sustainability, Environment, Water, Population and Communities . The division undertakes science programs and research projects to contribute to an understanding of Antarctica and the Southern Ocean...	Princess Elizabeth Land Princess Elizabeth Land Princess Elizabeth Land is the sector of the Australian Antarctic Territory between longitude 73° east and Cape Penck 87°43' east. Princess Elizabeth Land is located between 64°56'S and 90°00'S and between 73°35' E and 87°43'E...	68°34′35.3"S 77°58′9.2"E	UTC+7
Dome Fuji Station Dome F Dome F, also known as Dome Fuji , Valkyrie Dome, or Valkyrjedomen, is located in east Queen Maud Land at . With an altitude of 3,810 m or 12,500 ft above sea level, it is the second-highest summit or ice dome of the East Antarctic ice sheet and represents an ice divide...	Permanent	Japan Japan Japan is an island nation in East Asia. Located in the Pacific Ocean, it lies to the east of the Sea of Japan, China, North Korea, South Korea and Russia, stretching from the Sea of Okhotsk in the north to the East China Sea and Taiwan in the south...	1995	National Institute of Polar Research	Queen Maud Land Queen Maud Land Queen Maud Land is a c. 2.7 million-square-kilometre region of Antarctica claimed as a dependent territory by Norway. The territory lies between 20° west and 45° east, between the British Antarctic Territory to the west and the Australian Antarctic Territory to the east. The latitudinal...	77°19′01"S 39°42′12"E
Dumont d'Urville Station Dumont d'Urville Station The Dumont d'Urville Station is a French scientific station located in Antarctica on Île des Pétrels, archipelago of Pointe Géologie in Adélie Land. It is named after explorer Jules Dumont d'Urville...	Permanent	France France The French Republic , The French Republic , The French Republic , (commonly known as France , is a unitary semi-presidential republic in Western Europe with several overseas territories and islands located on other continents and in the Indian, Pacific, and Atlantic oceans. Metropolitan France...	1956		Adélie Land Adélie Land Adélie Land is the portion of the Antarctic coast between 136° E and 142° E , with a shore length of 350 km and with its hinterland extending as a sector about 2,600 km toward the South Pole. It is claimed by France as one of five districts of the French Southern and Antarctic Lands, although not...	66°39′47.3"S 140°00′5.3"E	UTC+10
Base Presidente Eduardo Frei Montalva and Villa Las Estrellas Villa Las Estrellas Villa Las Estrellas is a Chilean town in Antártica Commune, Antártica Province, Magallanes and Antártica Chilena Region. It is located on President Eduardo Frei Montalva Base, a military base, on King George Island. It is the biggest and one of only two civilian settlements on Antarctica...	Permanent	Chile Chile Chile ,officially the Republic of Chile , is a country in South America occupying a long, narrow coastal strip between the Andes mountains to the east and the Pacific Ocean to the west. It borders Peru to the north, Bolivia to the northeast, Argentina to the east, and the Drake Passage in the far...	1969	Chilean Air Force Chilean Air Force The Chilean Air Force is the air force of Chile, a branch of the Chilean military.-History:The first step towards the current FACh was taken by Teniente Coronel Pedro Pablo Dartnell, when he founded the Servicio de Aviación Militar de Chile on December 20, 1910, being trained as a pilot in France...	King George Island	62°11.7′S 58°58.7′W	UTC-4*
Esperanza Base Esperanza Base -References:Antarctica. Sydney: Reader's Digest, 1985, p. 156-157.Child, Jack. Antarctica and South American Geopolitics: Frozen Lebensraum. New York: Praeger Publishers, 1988, p. 73....	Permanent	Argentina Argentina Argentina , officially the Argentine Republic , is the second largest country in South America by land area, after Brazil. It is constituted as a federation of 23 provinces and an autonomous city, Buenos Aires...	1975	Laboratory and meteorological station, radio, a school, and tourist facilities.	Hope Bay Hope Bay Hope Bay on Trinity Peninsula, is long and wide, indenting the tip of Antarctic Peninsula and opening on Antarctic Sound....	63°23′50.3"S 56°59′49.3"W	UTC-3
Gabriel de Castilla Spanish Antarctic Station	Summer	Spain Spain Spain , officially the Kingdom of Spain languages]] under the European Charter for Regional or Minority Languages. In each of these, Spain's official name is as follows:;;;;;;), is a country and member state of the European Union located in southwestern Europe on the Iberian Peninsula...	1989	Marine biology	Deception Island	62°58′40.5"S 60°33′38.4"W
Georg von Neumayer Station	Replaced by Neumayer Station Neumayer Station Neumayer-Station was a permanent German Antarctic research base located on Atka Bay. It opened in 1992 replacing the old Georg-von-Neumayer-Station....	Germany Germany Germany , officially the Federal Republic of Germany , is a federal parliamentary republic in Europe. The country consists of 16 states while the capital and largest city is Berlin. Germany covers an area of 357,021 km2 and has a largely temperate seasonal climate...	1981-1992	Alfred Wegener Institute	Queen Maud Land Queen Maud Land Queen Maud Land is a c. 2.7 million-square-kilometre region of Antarctica claimed as a dependent territory by Norway. The territory lies between 20° west and 45° east, between the British Antarctic Territory to the west and the Australian Antarctic Territory to the east. The latitudinal...	70°37′00"S 08°22′00"W	UTC
Gonzalez Videla Station	Summer	Chile Chile Chile ,officially the Republic of Chile , is a country in South America occupying a long, narrow coastal strip between the Andes mountains to the east and the Pacific Ocean to the west. It borders Peru to the north, Bolivia to the northeast, Argentina to the east, and the Drake Passage in the far...	1951	Chilean Air Force Chilean Air Force The Chilean Air Force is the air force of Chile, a branch of the Chilean military.-History:The first step towards the current FACh was taken by Teniente Coronel Pedro Pablo Dartnell, when he founded the Servicio de Aviación Militar de Chile on December 20, 1910, being trained as a pilot in France...	Paradise Bay, Water Boat Point.	64°49′24"S 62°51′29"W
Great Wall Station	Permanent	China China Chinese civilization may refer to:* China for more general discussion of the country.* Chinese culture* Greater China, the transnational community of ethnic Chinese.* History of China* Sinosphere, the area historically affected by Chinese culture...	1985	Meteorology	King George Island	62°13′02"S 58°57′41.5"W
Halley Research Station Halley Research Station Halley Research Station, run by the British Antarctic Survey, is located on the Brunt Ice Shelf floating on the Weddell Sea in Antarctica. It is a British research facility dedicated to the study of the Earth's atmosphere...	Permanent	United Kingdom United Kingdom The United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern IrelandIn the United Kingdom and Dependencies, other languages have been officially recognised as legitimate autochthonous languages under the European Charter for Regional or Minority Languages...	1956	British Antarctic Survey British Antarctic Survey The British Antarctic Survey is the United Kingdom's national Antarctic operation and has an active role in Antarctic affairs. BAS is part of the Natural Environment Research Council and has over 400 staff. It operates five research stations, two ships and five aircraft in and around Antarctica....	Brunt Ice Shelf Brunt Ice Shelf The Brunt Ice Shelf borders the Antarctic coast of Coats Land between Dawson-Lambton Glacier and Stancomb-Wills Glacier Tongue. It was the location of the base of the Royal Society Expedition, 1955–59 which was taken over as the British Halley Research Station...	75°35′00"S 26°34′00"W
Henryk Arctowski Polish Antarctic Station Henryk Arctowski Polish Antarctic Station Henryk Arctowski Polish Antarctic Station is a research station on King George Island, off the coast of Antarctica.Named for Henryk Arctowski , who as meteorologist had accompanied the Belgian explorer Baron Adrien de Gerlache on the "Belgica" expedition, 1897-1899. This was the first expedition to...	Permanent	Poland Poland Poland , officially the Republic of Poland , is a country in Central Europe bordered by Germany to the west; the Czech Republic and Slovakia to the south; Ukraine, Belarus and Lithuania to the east; and the Baltic Sea and Kaliningrad Oblast, a Russian exclave, to the north...	1977	Oceanobiology, Oceanography, Geology, Geomorphology, Glaciology, Meteorology, Climatology, Seismology, Magnetism and Ecology	King George Island	62°09′0.14"S 058°28′2.1"W
Jinnah Antarctic Station Jinnah Antarctic Station The Jinnah Antarctic Station ' is an Antarctic scientific research station operated by the Pakistan Antarctic Programme.It is located in the vicinity of Sør Rondane Mountains, Queen Maud Land in Eastern Antarctica.-Description and history:...	Summer	Pakistan Pakistan Pakistan , officially the Islamic Republic of Pakistan is a sovereign state in South Asia. It has a coastline along the Arabian Sea and the Gulf of Oman in the south and is bordered by Afghanistan and Iran in the west, India in the east and China in the far northeast. In the north, Tajikistan...	1991	Pakistan Antarctic Programme Pakistan Antarctic Programme The Pakistan Antarctic Programme is a scientific administrative division of the Ministry of Science and Technology of Pakistan Government which represent its presence in the continent of Antarctica. The program coordinates the research and the operational scientific research in the region...	Sør Rondane Mountains, Queen Maud Land Queen Maud Land Queen Maud Land is a c. 2.7 million-square-kilometre region of Antarctica claimed as a dependent territory by Norway. The territory lies between 20° west and 45° east, between the British Antarctic Territory to the west and the Australian Antarctic Territory to the east. The latitudinal...	70°24′S 25°45′E
Juan Carlos I Antarctic Base	Summer	Spain Spain Spain , officially the Kingdom of Spain languages]] under the European Charter for Regional or Minority Languages. In each of these, Spain's official name is as follows:;;;;;;), is a country and member state of the European Union located in southwestern Europe on the Iberian Peninsula...	1988	CSIC CSIC The Spanish National Research Council is the largest public institution dedicated to research in Spain and the third largest in Europe... . Laboratory, investigation and meteorogical station.	South Bay South Bay South Bay may refer to:In the USA:* South Bay , subregion of the San Francisco Bay Area* South Bay, Los Angeles, region of Los Angeles County* South Bay, former name of Fields Landing, California... , Livingston Island	62°39′45.9"S 60°23′25.3"W
Jubany Jubany Jubany Scientific Station is an Argentine permanent base in the Antarctic located at , first settled in 1953 in the 25 de Mayo island among the South Shetland Islands. It has a maximum population of 60 people...	Permanent	Argentina Argentina Argentina , officially the Argentine Republic , is the second largest country in South America by land area, after Brazil. It is constituted as a federation of 23 provinces and an autonomous city, Buenos Aires...	1953	Animal life, meteorology	King George Island	62°14′16.7"S 58°40′0.2"W	UTC-3
King Sejong Station King Sejong Station The King Sejong Station is a research station for the Korea Antarctic Research Program, and it is named after King Sejong the Great of Joseon. Established on February 17th, 1988, it consists of 11 facility buildings and two observatories, and it is located on the Barton Peninsula...	Permanent	South Korea South Korea The Republic of Korea , , is a sovereign state in East Asia, located on the southern portion of the Korean Peninsula. It is neighbored by the People's Republic of China to the west, Japan to the east, North Korea to the north, and the East China Sea and Republic of China to the south...	1988	Korea Antarctic Research Program	King George Island	62°13′23.2"S 58°47′13.4"W
Kunlun Station	Summer	China China Chinese civilization may refer to:* China for more general discussion of the country.* Chinese culture* Greater China, the transnational community of ethnic Chinese.* History of China* Sinosphere, the area historically affected by Chinese culture...	2009	Chinese Arctic and Antarctic Administration Chinese Arctic and Antarctic Administration The Chinese Arctic and Antarctic Administration is a Beijing-based agency of the People's Republic of China's State Oceanic Administration...	Dome A Dome A Dome A or Dome Argus is an Antarctican plateau located 1200 kilometres inland. It is thought to be one of the coldest naturally occurring places on Earth, with temperatures believed to get close to . It is the highest ice feature in Antarctica, comprising a dome or eminence of 4,093 meters...	80°25′01"S 77°06′58"E
Law-Racoviţă Station Law-Racovita Station Law-Racoviță Station is the first permanent Romanian station for research and exploration in Antarctica, named after the Romanian explorer Emil Racoviță and inaugurated on January 13, 2006 at the location of a station constructed in 1986 by Australia and donated to Romania...	Summer	Romania Romania Romania is a country located at the crossroads of Central and Southeastern Europe, on the Lower Danube, within and outside the Carpathian arch, bordering on the Black Sea...	1986	Romanian Polar Research Institute	Larsemann Hills Larsemann Hills Larsemann Hills are a series of low rounded snow-free coastal hills along the SE shore of Prydz Bay. The hills extend W for 9 mi from Dalk Glacier. Discovered in February 1935 by Captain Klarius Mikkelsen from the whaling ship Thorshavn, sent out by Norwegian whaling magnate Lars Christensen, and... , Princess Elizabeth Land Princess Elizabeth Land Princess Elizabeth Land is the sector of the Australian Antarctic Territory between longitude 73° east and Cape Penck 87°43' east. Princess Elizabeth Land is located between 64°56'S and 90°00'S and between 73°35' E and 87°43'E...	69°23′18.9"S 76°22′50.75"E
Leningradskaya Station Leningradskaya Station Leningradskaya station was a Soviet Antarctic research station, located at . It was opened on February 25, 1971 by the members of the 15th Soviet Antarctic Expedition...	Re-opening in 2007/2008	Russia Russia Russia or , officially known as both Russia and the Russian Federation , is a country in northern Eurasia. It is a federal semi-presidential republic, comprising 83 federal subjects...	1971	Russian Antarctic Expedition	Oates Coast Oates Coast Oates Coast is that portion of the coast of Antarctica between Cape Hudson and Cape Williams. It forms the coast of Oates Land, part of the Australian claim to the Antarctic. The eastern portion of this coast was discovered in February 1911 by Lieutenant Harry Pennell, Royal Navy, commander of the... , Victoria Land Victoria Land Victoria Land is a region of Antarctica bounded on the east by the Ross Ice Shelf and the Ross Sea and on the west by Oates Land and Wilkes Land. It was discovered by Captain James Clark Ross in January 1841 and named after the UK's Queen Victoria...	69°30′00"S 159°23′00"E
Machu Picchu Research Station	Summer	Peru Peru Peru , officially the Republic of Peru , is a country in western South America. It is bordered on the north by Ecuador and Colombia, on the east by Brazil, on the southeast by Bolivia, on the south by Chile, and on the west by the Pacific Ocean....	1989	Peruvian Antarctic Institute (INANPE)	Admiralty Bay, King George Island	62°05′29.9"S 58°28′15.4"W
Maitri Station Maitri Maitri is India's second permanent research station in Antarctica. It was built and finished in 1989, shortly before the first station Dakshin Gangotri was buried in ice and abandoned in 1990-91...	Permanent	India India India , officially the Republic of India , is a country in South Asia. It is the seventh-largest country by geographical area, the second-most populous country with over 1.2 billion people, and the most populous democracy in the world...	1989	Indian Antarctic Program Indian Antarctic Program The Indian Antarctic Program is a multi-disciplinary, multi-institutional program under the control of the National Centre for Antarctic and Ocean Research, Ministry of Earth Sciences, Government of India. It was initiated in 1981 with the first Indian expedition to Antarctica...	Schirmacher region	70°45′57.7"S 11°43′56.2"E
Maldonado Base Maldonado Base Maldonado Base, also Pedro Vicente Maldonado Base, is the Ecuadorian Antarctic research base situated at Guayaquil Bay, Greenwich Island in the South Shetland Islands, Antarctica opened in 1990...	Summer	Ecuador Ecuador Ecuador , officially the Republic of Ecuador is a representative democratic republic in South America, bordered by Colombia on the north, Peru on the east and south, and by the Pacific Ocean to the west. It is one of only two countries in South America, along with Chile, that do not have a border...	1990		Greenwich Island	62°26′56.6"S 59°44′29"W
Marambio Base Marambio Base Prior to the base's foundation a team led by Vice-Commodore Mario Luis Olezza built the 1200 m long, 40 m wide landing track, the first one in the continent. Nowadays, the track, oriented 05/23, is equipped with VOR, DME and NDB electronic landing systems. It also has a radio beacon,...	Permanent	Argentina Argentina Argentina , officially the Argentine Republic , is the second largest country in South America by land area, after Brazil. It is constituted as a federation of 23 provinces and an autonomous city, Buenos Aires...	1969	Laboratory, meteorological station, 1.2 km long-30m wide landing track.	Seymour-Marambio Island	64°14′27.1"S 56°37′26.7"W	UTC-3
Mario Zucchelli Station Zucchelli Station Zucchelli Station is an Italian research station located at Terra Nova Bay, Antarctica and named for Mario Zucchelli, late director of the Italian Antarctic Program. This facility is operated during the summer months and hosts a variety of scientific projects...	Summer	Italy Italy Italy , officially the Italian Republic languages]] under the European Charter for Regional or Minority Languages. In each of these, Italy's official name is as follows:;;;;;;;;), is a unitary parliamentary republic in South-Central Europe. To the north it borders France, Switzerland, Austria and...	1986	Oceanobiology, Oceanography, Geology, Geomorphology, Glaciology, Meteorology, Climatology, Seismology, Magnetism and Ecology	Terra Nova Bay, Ross Sea	74°41′39.9"S 164°06′46.5"E	UTC+12
Mawson Station Mawson Station Mawson Station is one of three permanent Australian bases in the Australian Antarctic Territory of East Antarctica. Named after Antarctic explorer Sir Douglas Mawson, the base is managed by the Australian Antarctic Division...	Permanent	Australia Australia Australia , officially the Commonwealth of Australia, is a country in the Southern Hemisphere comprising the mainland of the Australian continent, the island of Tasmania, and numerous smaller islands in the Indian and Pacific Oceans. It is the world's sixth-largest country by total area...	1954	Australian Antarctic Division Australian Antarctic Division The Australian Antarctic Division is an agency of the Department of Sustainability, Environment, Water, Population and Communities . The division undertakes science programs and research projects to contribute to an understanding of Antarctica and the Southern Ocean...	Mac Robertson Land	67°36′10.1"S 62°52′22.8"E	UTC+6
McMurdo Station McMurdo Station McMurdo Station is a U.S. Antarctic research center located on the southern tip of Ross Island, which is in the New Zealand-claimed Ross Dependency on the shore of McMurdo Sound in Antarctica. It is operated by the United States through the United States Antarctic Program, a branch of the National...	Permanent	United States United States The United States of America is a federal constitutional republic comprising fifty states and a federal district...	1956		Ross Island Ross Island Ross Island is an island formed by four volcanoes in the Ross Sea near the continent of Antarctica, off the coast of Victoria Land in McMurdo Sound.-Geography:...	77°50′43.4"S 166°40′11.2"E	UTC+12*
Mendel Polar Station Mendel Polar Station Johann Gregor Mendel Czech Antarctic Station is a Czech research station built in Antarctica, on the coast of James Ross Island. The station, the project of the Masaryk University in Brno, Moravia, was opened in February 2006. It operates seasonally, during Antarctic summers...	Summer	Czech Republic Czech Republic The Czech Republic is a landlocked country in Central Europe. The country is bordered by Poland to the northeast, Slovakia to the east, Austria to the south, and Germany to the west and northwest....	2006	biological, geological and climate research	James Ross Island James Ross Island James Ross Island is a large island off the southeast side and near the northeastern extremity of Antarctic Peninsula, from which it is separated by Prince Gustav Channel. Rising to , it is irregularly shaped and extends in a north-south direction. It was charted in October 1903 by the Swedish...	63°48′6.5"S 57°53′7.9"W
Mirny Station Mirny Station Mirny is a Russian science station in Antarctica, located on the Antarctic coast of the Davis Sea in the Australian Antarctic Territory. Named after support vessel of the Bellingshausen's expedition....	Permanent	Russia Russia Russia or , officially known as both Russia and the Russian Federation , is a country in northern Eurasia. It is a federal semi-presidential republic, comprising 83 federal subjects...	1956	glaciology, seismology, meteorology, polar lights, cosmic radiation, and marine biology	Davis Sea Davis Sea Davis Sea is an area of the sea along the coast of East Antarctica between West Ice Shelf in the west and the Shackleton Ice Shelf in the east, or between 82° and 96°E. East of it is Mawson Sea, and in the west is Cooperation Sea....	66°33′10.4"S 93°00′34.8"E
Mizuho Station Mizuho Station (Antarctica) The was a permanent Japanese Antarctic transshipment station. Located on Mizuho Plateau 2230 m above sea level, it was opened in 1970. It was operated by the Japanese National Institute of Polar Research, and closed in 1987. It is occasionally visited by some parties for meteorological and...	irregular (transshipment station)	Japan Japan Japan is an island nation in East Asia. Located in the Pacific Ocean, it lies to the east of the Sea of Japan, China, North Korea, South Korea and Russia, stretching from the Sea of Okhotsk in the north to the East China Sea and Taiwan in the south...	1970	National Institute of Polar Research		70°41′53"S 44°19′54"E
Molodyozhnaya Station	Re-opening in 2007/2008	Russia Russia Russia or , officially known as both Russia and the Russian Federation , is a country in northern Eurasia. It is a federal semi-presidential republic, comprising 83 federal subjects... Belarus Belarus Belarus , officially the Republic of Belarus, is a landlocked country in Eastern Europe, bordered clockwise by Russia to the northeast, Ukraine to the south, Poland to the west, and Lithuania and Latvia to the northwest. Its capital is Minsk; other major cities include Brest, Grodno , Gomel ,...	1962	Meteorology http://www.tvr.by/eng/news.asp?id=15751&date=17.03.2006%2019:31:00#1 Russian Antarctic Expedition		67°39′57.0"S 45°50′33.2"E
Neumayer Station Neumayer Station Neumayer-Station was a permanent German Antarctic research base located on Atka Bay. It opened in 1992 replacing the old Georg-von-Neumayer-Station....	Permanent	Germany Germany Germany , officially the Federal Republic of Germany , is a federal parliamentary republic in Europe. The country consists of 16 states while the capital and largest city is Berlin. Germany covers an area of 357,021 km2 and has a largely temperate seasonal climate...	1992	Alfred Wegener Institute	Atka Bay	70°39′5.6"S 08°15′51.9"W	UTC
Neumayer-Station III Neumayer-Station III Neumayer-Station III, also known as Neumayer III after geophysicist Georg von Neumayer, is a German South pole research station of the Alfred-Wegener-Institut in the Antarctic. It is located on the approximately 200-metre thick Ekstrom Ice Shelf several kilometres south of Neumayer-Station II. The...	Permanent	Germany Germany Germany , officially the Federal Republic of Germany , is a federal parliamentary republic in Europe. The country consists of 16 states while the capital and largest city is Berlin. Germany covers an area of 357,021 km2 and has a largely temperate seasonal climate...	2009	Alfred Wegener Institute	Atka Bay	70°40′8"S 08°16′1.95"W	UTC
Novolazarevskaya Station Novolazarevskaya Station Novolazarevskaya Station is a Russian, formerly Soviet, Antarctic research station. The station is located at Schirmacher Oasis, Queen Maud Land, 75 km from the Antarctic coast, from which it is separated by Lazarev Ice Shelf. It was opened on January 18, 1961 by the 6th Soviet Antarctic...	Permanent	Russia Russia Russia or , officially known as both Russia and the Russian Federation , is a country in northern Eurasia. It is a federal semi-presidential republic, comprising 83 federal subjects...	1961		Queen Maud Land Queen Maud Land Queen Maud Land is a c. 2.7 million-square-kilometre region of Antarctica claimed as a dependent territory by Norway. The territory lies between 20° west and 45° east, between the British Antarctic Territory to the west and the Australian Antarctic Territory to the east. The latitudinal...	70°49′21.1"S 11°38′40.1"E
Orcadas Base Orcadas Base Base Orcadas is an Argentine station in Antarctica, and the first permanent Antarctic station in the area defined by the Antarctic Treaty System. It is located on Laurie Island, one of the South Orkney Islands , at above sea level and from the coastline....	Permanent	Argentina Argentina Argentina , officially the Argentine Republic , is the second largest country in South America by land area, after Brazil. It is constituted as a federation of 23 provinces and an autonomous city, Buenos Aires...	1904	Argentine Navy Argentine Navy The Navy of the Argentine Republic or Armada of the Argentine Republic is the navy of Argentina. It is one of the three branches of the Armed Forces of the Argentine Republic, together with the Army and the Air Force....	Laurie Island Laurie Island Laurie Island is an island in the Antarctic Circle, the second largest of the South Orkney Islands. The island is claimed by both Argentina as part of Argentine Antarctica, and the United Kingdom as part of the British Antarctic Territory... , South Orkney Islands South Orkney Islands The South Orkney Islands are a group of islands in the Southern Ocean, about north-east of the tip of the Antarctic Peninsula. They have a total area of about ....	60°44′15.5"S 44°44′22"W	UTC-3
Pakistan National Antarctic Station (planned)	Permanent	Pakistan Pakistan Pakistan , officially the Islamic Republic of Pakistan is a sovereign state in South Asia. It has a coastline along the Arabian Sea and the Gulf of Oman in the south and is bordered by Afghanistan and Iran in the west, India in the east and China in the far northeast. In the north, Tajikistan...	2012	Pakistan Antarctic Programme Pakistan Antarctic Programme The Pakistan Antarctic Programme is a scientific administrative division of the Ministry of Science and Technology of Pakistan Government which represent its presence in the continent of Antarctica. The program coordinates the research and the operational scientific research in the region...
Palmer Station Palmer Station Palmer Station, on Anvers Island, is Antarctica's only US station north of the Antarctic Circle. Initial construction of the station finished in 1968. The station, like the other US Antarctic stations, is operated by the United States Antarctic Program....	Permanent	United States United States The United States of America is a federal constitutional republic comprising fifty states and a federal district...	1968	Science labs, a dock and a helicopter pad.	Anvers Island Anvers Island Anvers Island or Antwerp Island or Antwerpen Island or Isla Amberes is a high, mountainous island long, which is the largest feature in the Palmer Archipelago, lying southwest of Brabant Island at the southwestern end of the group. Anvers Island is located at...	64°46′27.1"S 64°03′11"W	UTC-4
Princess Elisabeth Base Princess Elisabeth Base Princess Elisabeth Base, located on Utsteinen Nunatak in Dronning Maud Land is a Belgian polar station, taken into use on February 15, 2009. The station is the first polar base that combines eco-friendly construction materials, clean and efficient energy use, optimization of the station's energy...	Permanent	Belgium Belgium Belgium , officially the Kingdom of Belgium, is a federal state in Western Europe. It is a founding member of the European Union and hosts the EU's headquarters, and those of several other major international organisations such as NATO.Belgium is also a member of, or affiliated to, many...	2007	Energy-passive research station.	Queen Maud Land Queen Maud Land Queen Maud Land is a c. 2.7 million-square-kilometre region of Antarctica claimed as a dependent territory by Norway. The territory lies between 20° west and 45° east, between the British Antarctic Territory to the west and the Australian Antarctic Territory to the east. The latitudinal...	71°34′12"S 23°12′00"E
Professor Julio Escudero Base Professor Julio Escudero Base Professor Julio Escudero Base is a permanent Chilean Antarctic research base. It is located on King George Island. It lies within the Antártica Chilean commune funded by the Antarctic Institute of the Ministry of Foreign Relations.-External links:* * *...	Permanent	Chile Chile Chile ,officially the Republic of Chile , is a country in South America occupying a long, narrow coastal strip between the Andes mountains to the east and the Pacific Ocean to the west. It borders Peru to the north, Bolivia to the northeast, Argentina to the east, and the Drake Passage in the far...	1994	Chilean Antarctic Institute Instituto Antártico Chileno The Instituto Antártico Chileno or INACH is a public service institution in charge of manage and coordinate scientific activities in the Chilean Antarctic Territory. It is the national Antarctic operator and has an active role in Antarctic affairs....	King George Island	62°12′4.2"S 58°57′45.3"W	UTC-4*
Progress Station Progress Station Progress is a Russian research station in Antarctica. It is located at the Larsemann Hills antarctic oasis on the shore of Prydz Bay....	Summer	Russia Russia Russia or , officially known as both Russia and the Russian Federation , is a country in northern Eurasia. It is a federal semi-presidential republic, comprising 83 federal subjects...	1988	Russian Antarctic Expedition	Prydz Bay Prydz Bay Prydz Bay is a deep embayment of Antarctica between the Lars Christensen Coast and Ingrid Christensen Coast. Portions of the bay were sighted in January and February 1931 by Norwegian whalers and the British Australian New Zealand Antarctic Research Expedition...	69°22′48.2"S 76°23′19.1"E
Rothera Research Station Rothera Research Station Rothera research station is a British Antarctic Survey base on the Antarctic Peninsula, located at Rothera Point, Adelaide Island. Rothera also serves as the capital of the British Overseas Territory, the British Antarctic Territory....	Permanent	United Kingdom United Kingdom The United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern IrelandIn the United Kingdom and Dependencies, other languages have been officially recognised as legitimate autochthonous languages under the European Charter for Regional or Minority Languages...	1975	British Antarctic Survey British Antarctic Survey The British Antarctic Survey is the United Kingdom's national Antarctic operation and has an active role in Antarctic affairs. BAS is part of the Natural Environment Research Council and has over 400 staff. It operates five research stations, two ships and five aircraft in and around Antarctica....	Adelaide Island Adelaide Island Adelaide Island or Isla Adelaida or Isla Belgrano is a large, mainly ice-covered island, long and wide, lying at the north side of Marguerite Bay off the west coast of the Antarctic Peninsula. The island lies within the Argentine, British and Chilean Antarctic claims, at .Adelaide Island was...	67°34′08.3"S 68°07′29.1"W
Russkaya Station Russkaya Station Russkaya station was a Soviet Antarctic research station located at . The station was proposed in 1973 and approved in 1978. Construction began the next year and it was opened on March 9, 1980....	Re-opening in 2007/2008	Russia Russia Russia or , officially known as both Russia and the Russian Federation , is a country in northern Eurasia. It is a federal semi-presidential republic, comprising 83 federal subjects...	1980	Russian Antarctic Expedition	Marie Byrd Land Marie Byrd Land Marie Byrd Land is the portion of West Antarctica lying east of the Ross Ice Shelf and the Ross Sea and south of the Pacific Ocean, extending eastward approximately to a line between the head of the Ross Ice Shelf and Eights Coast. It stretches between 158°W and 103°24'W...	74°46′00"S 136°52′00"W	UTC-6
San Martín Base San Martín Base The San Martín Base is an Argentine base in Antarctica, operated by the Instituto Antartico Argentino and located on the Barry Island near the Antarctic Peninsula's mountain range. It was founded on March 21, 1951 by Argentine Army Colonel D. H. Pujato, who named the base after the Argentine...	Permanent	Argentina Argentina Argentina , officially the Argentine Republic , is the second largest country in South America by land area, after Brazil. It is constituted as a federation of 23 provinces and an autonomous city, Buenos Aires...	1951	Laboratory and Meteorological measurements	Barry Island Barry Island Barry Island may refer to:Barry Island , WalesBarry Island , Antarctica...	68°07′48.9"S 67°06′7.2"W	UTC-3
SANAE IV SANAE IV SANAE IV is the current research base of the South African National Antarctic Expedition and is part of the South African National Antarctic Program... (South African National Antarctic Expedition)	Permanent	South Africa South Africa The Republic of South Africa is a country in southern Africa. Located at the southern tip of Africa, it is divided into nine provinces, with of coastline on the Atlantic and Indian oceans...	1962 (SANAE I)	South African National Antarctic Programme South African National Antarctic Programme The South African National Antarctic Programme is the South African government's program for research in the Antarctic and Subantarctic. Three research stations fall under this program, the Antarctica research station SANAE IV, and two stations named after the subantartic island that they can be...	Vesleskarvet Vesleskarvet Vesleskarvet is a nunatak in Queen Maud Land, Antarctica. Its western side consists of a series of cliffs, approximately 250 m high, while the eastern side slopes more gradually down to the icefields... in Queen Maud Land Queen Maud Land Queen Maud Land is a c. 2.7 million-square-kilometre region of Antarctica claimed as a dependent territory by Norway. The territory lies between 20° west and 45° east, between the British Antarctic Territory to the west and the Australian Antarctic Territory to the east. The latitudinal...	71°40′21.9"S 2°50′24.9"W
St. Kliment Ohridski Base St. Kliment Ohridski Base St. Kliment Ohridski Base is a Bulgarian Antarctic base on Livingston Island in the South Shetland Islands.The base, originally known as Sofia University Refuge, was named in 1993 "for St...	Permanent	Bulgaria Bulgaria Bulgaria , officially the Republic of Bulgaria , is a parliamentary democracy within a unitary constitutional republic in Southeast Europe. The country borders Romania to the north, Serbia and Macedonia to the west, Greece and Turkey to the south, as well as the Black Sea to the east...	1988	Biological research, laboratorial and meteorological measurements. First Eastern Orthodox chapel, St. Ivan Rilski St. Ivan Rilski Chapel The St. Ivan Rilski Chapel at the Bulgarian base St. Kliment Ohridski on Livingston Island in the South Shetland Islands is the first Eastern Orthodox edifice in Antarctica, and the southernmost Eastern Orthodox building of worship in the world...	Emona Anchorage Emona Anchorage Emona Anchorage is a roughly square embayment, the internal part of South Bay, Livingston Island in the South Shetland Islands, Antarctica used as an anchorage for ships visiting the Bulgarian base St... , Livingston Island Livingston Island (South Shetland Islands) Livingston Island is an Antarctic island in the South Shetland Islands, Western Antarctica lying between Greenwich Island and Snow Islands...	62°38′29"S 60°21′53"W
Scott Base Scott Base Scott Base is a research facility located in Antarctica and is operated by New Zealand. It was named after Captain Robert Falcon Scott, Royal Navy, leader of two British expeditions to the Ross Sea area of Antarctica...	Permanent	New Zealand New Zealand New Zealand is an island country in the south-western Pacific Ocean comprising two main landmasses and numerous smaller islands. The country is situated some east of Australia across the Tasman Sea, and roughly south of the Pacific island nations of New Caledonia, Fiji, and Tonga...	1957	Antarctic physical environments, Southern Ocean and Antarctic ecosystems.	Ross Island Ross Island Ross Island is an island formed by four volcanoes in the Ross Sea near the continent of Antarctica, off the coast of Victoria Land in McMurdo Sound.-Geography:...	77°50′58.5"S 166°46′5.9"E	UTC+12
Showa Station	Permanent	Japan Japan Japan is an island nation in East Asia. Located in the Pacific Ocean, it lies to the east of the Sea of Japan, China, North Korea, South Korea and Russia, stretching from the Sea of Okhotsk in the north to the East China Sea and Taiwan in the south...	1957	National Institute of Polar Research	East Ongul Island East Ongul Island East Ongul Island is an island, 1 mile long, lying immediately east of the north part of Ongul Island at the east side of the entrance of Lutzow-Holm Bay. This island was originally mapped as a part of Ongul Island by Norwegian cartographers who worked from air photos taken by the Lars Christensen...	69°00′15.6"S 39°34′48.9"E	GMT+3
Signy Research Station Signy Research Station Signy Research Station is an Antarctic research base on Signy Island, run by the British Antarctic Survey.-History:Signy was first occupied in 1947 when a meteorological station was established in Factory Cove above the old whaling station. It was the second research base on the South Orkney...	Summer (Permanent 1947-1995)	United Kingdom United Kingdom The United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern IrelandIn the United Kingdom and Dependencies, other languages have been officially recognised as legitimate autochthonous languages under the European Charter for Regional or Minority Languages...	1947	British Antarctic Survey British Antarctic Survey The British Antarctic Survey is the United Kingdom's national Antarctic operation and has an active role in Antarctic affairs. BAS is part of the Natural Environment Research Council and has over 400 staff. It operates five research stations, two ships and five aircraft in and around Antarctica....	Signy Island Signy Island Signy Island is a small sub-antarctic island in the South Orkney Islands group locted at . It is about long and wide and rises to above sea level. Much of the island is permanently covered with ice. The average temperature range is to about in winter... , South Orkney Islands South Orkney Islands The South Orkney Islands are a group of islands in the Southern Ocean, about north-east of the tip of the Antarctic Peninsula. They have a total area of about ....	60°43′S 45°36′W
Siple Station Siple Station Siple Station, Antarctica was a research station in Antarctica , established in 1973 by Stanford's STAR Lab, to perform experiments that actively probed the magnetosphere using very low frequency waves...	Permanent	United States United States The United States of America is a federal constitutional republic comprising fifty states and a federal district...	1973	STAR Lab		75°55′S 83°55′W	GMT+3
Svea Research Station	Summer	Sweden Sweden Sweden , officially the Kingdom of Sweden , is a Nordic country on the Scandinavian Peninsula in Northern Europe. Sweden borders with Norway and Finland and is connected to Denmark by a bridge-tunnel across the Öresund....	1988	Swedish Polar Research Secretariat Swedish polar research secretariat The Swedish Polar Research Secretariat is a government authority under the Ministry of Education and Research. Its task is to promote Swedish polar research by organising and leading research expeditions to Antarctica and the Arctic, primarily as part of international efforts.The Swedish Polar...	Queen Maud Land Queen Maud Land Queen Maud Land is a c. 2.7 million-square-kilometre region of Antarctica claimed as a dependent territory by Norway. The territory lies between 20° west and 45° east, between the British Antarctic Territory to the west and the Australian Antarctic Territory to the east. The latitudinal...	74°35′00"S 11°13′00"W
Tor Station Tor (research station) Tor research station is a Norwegian Antarctic research station in Queen Maud Land, in the easternmost part of Princess Martha Coast at Svarthamaren Mountain, established in 1993. It is located 1625 metres above sea level, about 200 km from the coast. It is smaller than the other Norwegian...	Summer	Norway Norway Norway , officially the Kingdom of Norway, is a Nordic unitary constitutional monarchy whose territory comprises the western portion of the Scandinavian Peninsula, Jan Mayen, and the Arctic archipelago of Svalbard and Bouvet Island. Norway has a total area of and a population of about 4.9 million...	1993	Norwegian Polar Institute Norwegian Polar Institute The Norwegian Polar Institute is Norway's national institution for polar research. It is run under the auspices of the Norwegian Ministry of Environment. The institute organizes expeditions to the Arctic and Antarctic regions and runs a research station at Ny-Ålesund...	Queen Maud Land Queen Maud Land Queen Maud Land is a c. 2.7 million-square-kilometre region of Antarctica claimed as a dependent territory by Norway. The territory lies between 20° west and 45° east, between the British Antarctic Territory to the west and the Australian Antarctic Territory to the east. The latitudinal...	71°53′20"S 05°09′30"E
Troll Station Troll (research station) Troll is a research station located at Jutulsessen, from the coast in the eastern part of Princess Martha Coast in Queen Maud Land, Antarctica. It is Norway's only all-year research station in Antarctica, and is supplemented by the summer-only station Tor...	Permanent	Norway Norway Norway , officially the Kingdom of Norway, is a Nordic unitary constitutional monarchy whose territory comprises the western portion of the Scandinavian Peninsula, Jan Mayen, and the Arctic archipelago of Svalbard and Bouvet Island. Norway has a total area of and a population of about 4.9 million...	1990	Norwegian Polar Institute Norwegian Polar Institute The Norwegian Polar Institute is Norway's national institution for polar research. It is run under the auspices of the Norwegian Ministry of Environment. The institute organizes expeditions to the Arctic and Antarctic regions and runs a research station at Ny-Ålesund...	Queen Maud Land Queen Maud Land Queen Maud Land is a c. 2.7 million-square-kilometre region of Antarctica claimed as a dependent territory by Norway. The territory lies between 20° west and 45° east, between the British Antarctic Territory to the west and the Australian Antarctic Territory to the east. The latitudinal...	72°00′43.5"S 2°31′56"E
WAIS Divide Camp WAIS Divide The West Antarctic Ice Sheet Divide is a deep ice core drilling project run by the United States Antarctic Program and funded by the National Science Foundation . The general purpose of the WAIS Divide project is to collect a deep ice core from the flow divide in central West Antarctica that can...	Summer	United States United States The United States of America is a federal constitutional republic comprising fifty states and a federal district...	2005	United States Antarctic Program, Collect a deep ice core	West Antarctic Ice Sheet West Antarctic Ice Sheet The West Antarctic Ice Sheet is the segment of the continental ice sheet that covers West Antarctica, the portion of Antarctica on the side of the Transantarctic Mountains which lies in the Western Hemisphere. The WAIS is classified as a marine-based ice sheet, meaning that its bed lies well...	79°28′S 112°04′W
Wasa Research Station	Summer	Sweden Sweden Sweden , officially the Kingdom of Sweden , is a Nordic country on the Scandinavian Peninsula in Northern Europe. Sweden borders with Norway and Finland and is connected to Denmark by a bridge-tunnel across the Öresund....	1989	Swedish Polar Research Secretariat	Queen Maud Land Queen Maud Land Queen Maud Land is a c. 2.7 million-square-kilometre region of Antarctica claimed as a dependent territory by Norway. The territory lies between 20° west and 45° east, between the British Antarctic Territory to the west and the Australian Antarctic Territory to the east. The latitudinal...	73°03′S 13°25′W
Vostok Station Vostok Station Vostok Station was a Russian Antarctic research station. It was at the southern Pole of Cold, with the lowest reliably measured natural temperature on Earth of −89.2 °C . Research includes ice core drilling and magnetometry...	Permanent	Russia Russia Russia or , officially known as both Russia and the Russian Federation , is a country in northern Eurasia. It is a federal semi-presidential republic, comprising 83 federal subjects...	1957	Russian Antarctic Expedition	Antarctic Ice Sheet Antarctic ice sheet The Antarctic ice sheet is one of the two polar ice caps of the Earth. It covers about 98% of the Antarctic continent and is the largest single mass of ice on Earth. It covers an area of almost 14 million square km and contains 30 million cubic km of ice...	78°27′51.8"S 106°50′14"E	UTC+6
Zhongshan (Sun Yat-Sen) Station	Permanent	China China Chinese civilization may refer to:* China for more general discussion of the country.* Chinese culture* Greater China, the transnational community of ethnic Chinese.* History of China* Sinosphere, the area historically affected by Chinese culture...	1989	Polar Research Institute of China Polar Research Institute of China The Polar Research Institute of China is the main Chinese research institute for the study of the Earth's polar regions. It is based in Shanghai, China.... (PRIC)	Larsemann Hills Larsemann Hills Larsemann Hills are a series of low rounded snow-free coastal hills along the SE shore of Prydz Bay. The hills extend W for 9 mi from Dalk Glacier. Discovered in February 1935 by Captain Klarius Mikkelsen from the whaling ship Thorshavn, sent out by Norwegian whaling magnate Lars Christensen, and... in Prydz Bay Prydz Bay Prydz Bay is a deep embayment of Antarctica between the Lars Christensen Coast and Ingrid Christensen Coast. Portions of the bay were sighted in January and February 1931 by Norwegian whalers and the British Australian New Zealand Antarctic Research Expedition...	69°22′24"S 76°22′12"E
Kohnen-Station	Summer	Germany Germany Germany , officially the Federal Republic of Germany , is a federal parliamentary republic in Europe. The country consists of 16 states while the capital and largest city is Berlin. Germany covers an area of 357,021 km2 and has a largely temperate seasonal climate...	2001	Alfred Wegener Institute	Queen Maud Land Queen Maud Land Queen Maud Land is a c. 2.7 million-square-kilometre region of Antarctica claimed as a dependent territory by Norway. The territory lies between 20° west and 45° east, between the British Antarctic Territory to the west and the Australian Antarctic Territory to the east. The latitudinal...	75°00′S 00°04′E

* Observes daylight saving time

Daylight saving time

Daylight saving time —also summer time in several countries including in British English and European official terminology —is the practice of temporarily advancing clocks during the summertime so that afternoons have more daylight and mornings have less...

External links

The source of this article is wikipedia, the free encyclopedia. The text of this article is licensed under the GFDL.

Research stations

See also

External links