Lyon-Bron Airport
Encyclopedia
Lyon-Bron Airport is an airport located in Bron
, 10 kilometres (6 mi) east of Lyon
, both communes of the Rhône department in the Rhône-Alpes
region
of eastern France
.
, Switzerland
.
After the 1940 Battle of France
during World War II initially the Lyon area was part of the southern unoccupied zone of France (Vichy France
), and limited air service remained at the airport. In addition, the Vichy French Air Force
(French: Armée de l'Air de Vichy) stationed GR I/36, equipped with Potez 630
heavy fighters at the airport. However, after the Allied invasion of French North Africa (Operation Torch
), Nazi forces moved into the area (Case Anton
) in November 1942 and took control of Bron Airport and seized the military aircraft assigned to it.
it was used as a military airfield beginning in 1943 by the German
Luftwaffe
, being used as a RADAR station by Nachtjagdraumführer 109 (NJRF 109) to detect Royal Air Force
bombers flying over Occupied France at night to targets in Germany. It was attacked by the United States Army Air Force 407th Bombardment Squadron (92d BG) in April 1944, causing heavy damage.
After the Normandy Invasion of France
by Allied Forces, the USAAF 50th Fighter Group used the airport flying P-47 Thunderbolt
s in support of ground forces in Southern France from September though November, 1944. It was designated as Advanced Landing Ground
"Y-6". The 121st Liaison Squadron flew Cessna UC-78 and Stinson L-5 observation aircraft in support of the Sixth Army Group from the airport until March 1945, ending American military use of the airport.
After the war, it was the main commercial airport for Lyon. In 1950/51 when, as a result of the Cold War
threat of the Soviet Union
, Bron Airport was proposed by the United States Air Force
to become a USAF air logistics and maintenance depot as part of a NATO commitment to establish a modern Air Force Base at the site. In the ongoing negotiations, the site was ultimately rejected..
In 1975 commercial airline traffic was moved to the new Lyon-Saint Exupéry Airport, and Bron Airport is now used for general aviation.
Bron
Bron is a commune in the Rhône department in eastern France.It lies east of Lyon. It is the sixth-largest suburb of the city of Lyon, and is adjacent to its east side. It forms part of the Urban Community of Lyon.-History:...
, 10 kilometres (6 mi) east of Lyon
Lyon
Lyon , is a city in east-central France in the Rhône-Alpes region, situated between Paris and Marseille. Lyon is located at from Paris, from Marseille, from Geneva, from Turin, and from Barcelona. The residents of the city are called Lyonnais....
, both communes of the Rhône department in the Rhône-Alpes
Rhône-Alpes
Rhône-Alpes is one of the 27 regions of France, located on the eastern border of the country, towards the south. The region was named after the Rhône River and the Alps mountain range. Its capital, Lyon, is the second-largest metropolitan area in France after Paris...
region
Régions of France
France is divided into 27 administrative regions , 22 of which are in Metropolitan France, and five of which are overseas. Corsica is a territorial collectivity , but is considered a region in mainstream usage, and is even shown as such on the INSEE website...
of eastern France
France
The French Republic , The French Republic , The French Republic , (commonly known as France , is a unitary semi-presidential republic in Western Europe with several overseas territories and islands located on other continents and in the Indian, Pacific, and Atlantic oceans. Metropolitan France...
.
History
The airport was established in 1920 and became an international airport in 1924 with flights to GenevaGeneva
Geneva In the national languages of Switzerland the city is known as Genf , Ginevra and Genevra is the second-most-populous city in Switzerland and is the most populous city of Romandie, the French-speaking part of Switzerland...
, Switzerland
Switzerland
Switzerland name of one of the Swiss cantons. ; ; ; or ), in its full name the Swiss Confederation , is a federal republic consisting of 26 cantons, with Bern as the seat of the federal authorities. The country is situated in Western Europe,Or Central Europe depending on the definition....
.
After the 1940 Battle of France
Battle of France
In the Second World War, the Battle of France was the German invasion of France and the Low Countries, beginning on 10 May 1940, which ended the Phoney War. The battle consisted of two main operations. In the first, Fall Gelb , German armoured units pushed through the Ardennes, to cut off and...
during World War II initially the Lyon area was part of the southern unoccupied zone of France (Vichy France
Vichy France
Vichy France, Vichy Regime, or Vichy Government, are common terms used to describe the government of France that collaborated with the Axis powers from July 1940 to August 1944. This government succeeded the Third Republic and preceded the Provisional Government of the French Republic...
), and limited air service remained at the airport. In addition, the Vichy French Air Force
Vichy French Air Force
The Vichy French Air Force was the aerial branch of the armed forces of Vichy France - the government of France that collaborated with the Axis powers following the defeat of France by Germany in 1940....
(French: Armée de l'Air de Vichy) stationed GR I/36, equipped with Potez 630
Potez 630
The Potez 630 and its derivatives were a family of twin-engined aircraft developed for the Armée de l'Air in the late 1930s. The design was a contemporary of the British Bristol Blenheim and the German Messerschmitt Bf 110.-Design and development :...
heavy fighters at the airport. However, after the Allied invasion of French North Africa (Operation Torch
Operation Torch
Operation Torch was the British-American invasion of French North Africa in World War II during the North African Campaign, started on 8 November 1942....
), Nazi forces moved into the area (Case Anton
Case Anton
Operation Anton was the codename for the military occupation of Vichy France carried out by Germany and Italy in November 1942.- Background :...
) in November 1942 and took control of Bron Airport and seized the military aircraft assigned to it.
it was used as a military airfield beginning in 1943 by the German
Nazi Germany
Nazi Germany , also known as the Third Reich , but officially called German Reich from 1933 to 1943 and Greater German Reich from 26 June 1943 onward, is the name commonly used to refer to the state of Germany from 1933 to 1945, when it was a totalitarian dictatorship ruled by...
Luftwaffe
Luftwaffe
Luftwaffe is a generic German term for an air force. It is also the official name for two of the four historic German air forces, the Wehrmacht air arm founded in 1935 and disbanded in 1946; and the current Bundeswehr air arm founded in 1956....
, being used as a RADAR station by Nachtjagdraumführer 109 (NJRF 109) to detect Royal Air Force
Royal Air Force
The Royal Air Force is the aerial warfare service branch of the British Armed Forces. Formed on 1 April 1918, it is the oldest independent air force in the world...
bombers flying over Occupied France at night to targets in Germany. It was attacked by the United States Army Air Force 407th Bombardment Squadron (92d BG) in April 1944, causing heavy damage.
After the Normandy Invasion of France
D-Day
D-Day is a term often used in military parlance to denote the day on which a combat attack or operation is to be initiated. "D-Day" often represents a variable, designating the day upon which some significant event will occur or has occurred; see Military designation of days and hours for similar...
by Allied Forces, the USAAF 50th Fighter Group used the airport flying P-47 Thunderbolt
P-47 Thunderbolt
Republic Aviation's P-47 Thunderbolt, also known as the "Jug", was the largest, heaviest, and most expensive fighter aircraft in history to be powered by a single reciprocating engine. It was heavily armed with eight .50-caliber machine guns, four per wing. When fully loaded, the P-47 weighed up to...
s in support of ground forces in Southern France from September though November, 1944. It was designated as Advanced Landing Ground
Advanced Landing Ground
Advanced Landing Ground was the term given to the temporary advance airfields constructed by the Allies during World War II in support of the invasion of Europe...
"Y-6". The 121st Liaison Squadron flew Cessna UC-78 and Stinson L-5 observation aircraft in support of the Sixth Army Group from the airport until March 1945, ending American military use of the airport.
After the war, it was the main commercial airport for Lyon. In 1950/51 when, as a result of the Cold War
Cold War
The Cold War was the continuing state from roughly 1946 to 1991 of political conflict, military tension, proxy wars, and economic competition between the Communist World—primarily the Soviet Union and its satellite states and allies—and the powers of the Western world, primarily the United States...
threat of the Soviet Union
Soviet Union
The Soviet Union , officially the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics , was a constitutionally socialist state that existed in Eurasia between 1922 and 1991....
, Bron Airport was proposed by the United States Air Force
United States Air Force
The United States Air Force is the aerial warfare service branch of the United States Armed Forces and one of the American uniformed services. Initially part of the United States Army, the USAF was formed as a separate branch of the military on September 18, 1947 under the National Security Act of...
to become a USAF air logistics and maintenance depot as part of a NATO commitment to establish a modern Air Force Base at the site. In the ongoing negotiations, the site was ultimately rejected..
In 1975 commercial airline traffic was moved to the new Lyon-Saint Exupéry Airport, and Bron Airport is now used for general aviation.
See also
- Lyon-Saint Exupéry Airport
- List of airports in France
- Advanced Landing Ground