M94 Group
Encyclopedia
The M94 Group is a loose, extended group of galaxies located about 13 million light-year
s away in the constellation
s Canes Venatici
and Coma Berenices
. The group is one of many groups that lies within the Virgo Supercluster
(i.e. the Local Supercluster) and one of the closest groups to our own Local Group
.
Although the galaxies in this cluster appear to be from a single large cloud-like structure, many of the galaxies within the group are only weakly gravitationally bound, and some have not yet formed stable orbits around the center of this group. Instead, most of the galaxies in this group appear to be moving with the expansion of the universe.
Additionally, NGC 4105 and UGC 8331
are frequently but not consistently identified as members of this group in the references cited above.
The brightest member in this galaxy group is questionable and partly depends on the analysis used to determine group members. The LGG Catalog identifies M106
as part of this group, which would make it the brightest galaxy within the group. However, the other catalogs cited above do not identify M106 as a group member, in which case M94
would be the brightest galaxy within the group.
is a supercluster substructure. The CVn Cloud used in this manner is identified by Tully and de Vaucoleurs.
Light-year
A light-year, also light year or lightyear is a unit of length, equal to just under 10 trillion kilometres...
s away in the constellation
Constellation
In modern astronomy, a constellation is an internationally defined area of the celestial sphere. These areas are grouped around asterisms, patterns formed by prominent stars within apparent proximity to one another on Earth's night sky....
s Canes Venatici
Canes Venatici
Canes Venatici is one of the 88 official modern constellations. It is a small northern constellation that was created by Johannes Hevelius in the 17th century. Its name is Latin for "hunting dogs", and the constellation is often depicted in illustrations as representing the dogs of Boötes the...
and Coma Berenices
Coma Berenices
Coma Berenices is a traditional asterism that has since been defined as one of the 88 modern constellations. It is located near Leo, to which it formerly belonged, and accommodates the North Galactic Pole...
. The group is one of many groups that lies within the Virgo Supercluster
Virgo Supercluster
The Virgo Supercluster or Local Supercluster is the irregular supercluster that contains the Virgo Cluster in addition to the Local Group, which in turn contains the Milky Way and Andromeda galaxies. At least 100 galaxy groups and clusters are located within its diameter of 33 megaparsecs...
(i.e. the Local Supercluster) and one of the closest groups to our own Local Group
Local Group
The Local Group is the group of galaxies that includes Earth's galaxy, the Milky Way. The group comprises more than 30 galaxies , with its gravitational center located somewhere between the Milky Way and the Andromeda Galaxy...
.
Although the galaxies in this cluster appear to be from a single large cloud-like structure, many of the galaxies within the group are only weakly gravitationally bound, and some have not yet formed stable orbits around the center of this group. Instead, most of the galaxies in this group appear to be moving with the expansion of the universe.
Members
The table below lists galaxies that have been consistently identified as group members in the Nearby Galaxies Catalog, the Lyons Groups of Galaxies (LGG) Catalog, and the three group lists created from the Nearby Optical Galaxy sample of Giuricin et al..| Name | Type | R.A. Right ascension Right ascension is the astronomical term for one of the two coordinates of a point on the celestial sphere when using the equatorial coordinate system. The other coordinate is the declination.-Explanation:... (J2000) |
Dec. Declination In astronomy, declination is one of the two coordinates of the equatorial coordinate system, the other being either right ascension or hour angle. Declination in astronomy is comparable to geographic latitude, but projected onto the celestial sphere. Declination is measured in degrees north and... (J2000) |
Redshift Redshift In physics , redshift happens when light seen coming from an object is proportionally increased in wavelength, or shifted to the red end of the spectrum... (km/s Second The second is a unit of measurement of time, and is the International System of Units base unit of time. It may be measured using a clock.... ) |
Apparent Magnitude Apparent magnitude The apparent magnitude of a celestial body is a measure of its brightness as seen by an observer on Earth, adjusted to the value it would have in the absence of the atmosphere... |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| IC 3687 | IAB(s)m | 354 ± 1 | 13.7 | ||
| IC 4182 | SA(s)m | 321 ± 1 | 13.0 | ||
| M94 Messier 94 Messier 94 is a spiral galaxy in the constellation Canes Venatici. It was discovered by Pierre Méchain in 1781,... |
(R)SA(r)ab | 308 ± 1 | 9.0 | ||
| NGC 4144 | SAB(s)cd | 265 ± 1 | 12.1 | ||
| NGC 4190 | Im pec | 228 ± 1 | 13.4 | ||
| NGC 4214 NGC 4214 NGC 4214 is a dwarf barred irregular galaxy located around 10 million light-years away in the constellation Canes Venatici.-External links:* * ESA/Hubble Photo Release... |
IAB(s)m | 291 ± 3 | 10.2 | ||
| NGC 4244 NGC 4244 NGC 4244, also Caldwell 26, is an edge-on loose Spiral galaxy and Caldwell object in the constellation Canes Venatici. It is part of the M94 Group , a galaxy group relatively close to the Local Group containing the Milky Way. It shines at magnitude +10.2/+10.6. Its celestial cooridinates are RA ,... |
SA(s)cd | 244 ± 0 | 10.9 | ||
| NGC 4395 NGC 4395 NGC 4395 is a low surface brightness spiral galaxy with a halo that is about 8′ in diameter. It has several wide areas of greater brightness running northwest to southeast. The one furthest southeast is the brightest... |
SA(s)m | 319 ± 1 | 10.6 | ||
| NGC 4449 NGC 4449 NGC 4449 is an irregular galaxy in the constellation Canes Venatici. It is located about 12 million light-years away, part of the M94 Group , a galaxy group relatively close to the Local Group containing the Milky Way... |
IBm | 207 ± 4 | 10.0 | ||
| UGC 6817 | Im | 242 ± 1 | 13.4 | ||
| UGC 7559 | IBm | 218 ± 5 | 14.2 | ||
| UGC 7577 | Im | 195 ± 0 | 12.8 | ||
| UGC 7698 | Im | 331 ± 1 | 13.0 | ||
| UGC 8320 UGC 8320 UGC 8320 is a dwarf irregular galaxy located in the constellation Canes Venatici. The galaxy measures approximately 4 × 1.5 kiloparsecs and has a large number of H II regions scattered across most of the observable face... |
IBm | 192 ± 1 | 12.7 | ||
Additionally, NGC 4105 and UGC 8331
UGC 8331
UGC 8331 is an irregular galaxy located in the constellation Canes Venatici. It is a member of the M51 Group of galaxies and measures approximately 5 x 1.5 kiloparsecs . The galaxy's large-scale structure is very unorganized and it has two clusters of stars in its outer portions in addition to the...
are frequently but not consistently identified as members of this group in the references cited above.
The brightest member in this galaxy group is questionable and partly depends on the analysis used to determine group members. The LGG Catalog identifies M106
Messier 106
Messier 106 is a spiral galaxy in the constellation Canes Venatici. It was discovered by Pierre Méchain in 1781. M106 is at a distance of about 22 to 25 million light-years away from Earth...
as part of this group, which would make it the brightest galaxy within the group. However, the other catalogs cited above do not identify M106 as a group member, in which case M94
Messier 94
Messier 94 is a spiral galaxy in the constellation Canes Venatici. It was discovered by Pierre Méchain in 1781,...
would be the brightest galaxy within the group.
Canes Venatici Cloud
This galaxy group is sometimes erroneously called the Canes Venatici Cloud, a larger structure of which it is a member. A galaxy cloudGalaxy cloud
A galaxy cloud is a group of galaxy clusters and a substructure of a supercluster. The Local Supercluster contains the Virgo cluster, the Canes Venatici Cloud and the Virgo II Cloud....
is a supercluster substructure. The CVn Cloud used in this manner is identified by Tully and de Vaucoleurs.
See also
- M96 GroupM96 GroupThe M96 Group is a group of galaxies in the constellation Leo. This group contains between 8 and 24 galaxies, including three Messier objects. The group is one of many groups that lies within the Virgo Supercluster The M96 Group (also known as the Leo I Group) is a group of galaxies in the...
- another group of galaxies that is similar in size to this one - Sculptor GroupSculptor GroupThe Sculptor Group is a loose group of galaxies near the south galactic pole. The group is one of the closest groups of galaxies to the Local Group; the distance to the center of the group from the Milky Way is approximately 3.9 Mpc....
- another nearby group of galaxies that is also weakly gravitationally bound - Canes II GroupCanes II GroupThe Canes II Group or Canes Venatici II Group is a group of galaxies about 26.1 million light-years away from Earth. The group resides in the Local Supercluster...
(CVn II Group) - Canes Venatici Cloud