MAPEG family
Encyclopedia
MAPEG family of transmembrane proteins with highly divergent functions . Included are the 5-lipoxygenase-activating protein (gene FLAP
), leukotriene C4 synthase
, which catalyzes the production of leukotriene C4
(LTC4) from leukotriene A4
(LTA4), and microsomal glutathione S-transferase
II (GST-II), which also produces LTC4 from LTA4.
Another example is prostaglandin E synthase
. This enzyme catalyses the synthesis of PGE2 from PGH2 (produced by cyclooxygenase
from arachidonic acid
). Because of structural similarities in the active sites of FLAP, LTC4 synthase, and PGE synthase, substrates for each enzyme can compete with one another and modulate synthetic activity.
Flap
Flap may refer to:* Flap , a hinged surface on the trailing edge of an airplane wing* Roof flap, an aerodynamic feature of race cars* Flapping, one of the basic mechanics of flight in birds...
), leukotriene C4 synthase
Leukotriene C4 synthase
Leukotriene C4 synthase is an enzyme that in humans is encoded by the LTC4S gene.The protein encoded by this gene, LTC4S is an enzyme that converts leukotriene A4 and glutathione to create leukotriene C4. This is a member of MAPEG family of transmembrane proteins...
, which catalyzes the production of leukotriene C4
Leukotriene C4
Leukotriene C4 is a leukotriene....
(LTC4) from leukotriene A4
Leukotriene A4
Leukotriene A4 is a leukotriene.Leukotriene A4 hydrolase converts it to Leukotriene B4....
(LTA4), and microsomal glutathione S-transferase
Glutathione S-transferase
Enzymes of the glutathione S-transferase family are composed of many cytosolic, mitochondrial, and microsomal proteins. GSTs are present in eukaryotes and in prokaryotes, where they catalyze a variety of reactions and accept endogenous and xenobiotic substrates.GSTs can constitute up to 10% of...
II (GST-II), which also produces LTC4 from LTA4.
Another example is prostaglandin E synthase
Prostaglandin E synthase
Prostaglandin E synthase is an enzyme involved in eicosanoid and glutathione metabolism, a member of MAPEG family. It generates prostaglandin E from prostaglandin H2.The synthase generating PGE2 is a membrane-associated protein....
. This enzyme catalyses the synthesis of PGE2 from PGH2 (produced by cyclooxygenase
Cyclooxygenase
Cyclooxygenase is an enzyme that is responsible for formation of important biological mediators called prostanoids, including prostaglandins, prostacyclin and thromboxane. Pharmacological inhibition of COX can provide relief from the symptoms of inflammation and pain...
from arachidonic acid
Arachidonic acid
Arachidonic acid is a polyunsaturated omega-6 fatty acid 20:4.It is the counterpart to the saturated arachidic acid found in peanut oil, Arachidonic acid (AA, sometimes ARA) is a polyunsaturated omega-6 fatty acid 20:4(ω-6).It is the counterpart to the saturated arachidic acid found in peanut oil,...
). Because of structural similarities in the active sites of FLAP, LTC4 synthase, and PGE synthase, substrates for each enzyme can compete with one another and modulate synthetic activity.
Human proteins containing this domain
- ALOX5AP
- LTC4S
- MGST1
- MGST2MGST2Microsomal glutathione S-transferase 2 is an enzyme that in humans is encoded by the MGST2 gene.-Further reading:...
- MGST3MGST3Microsomal glutathione S-transferase 3 is an enzyme that in humans is encoded by the MGST3 gene.-Further reading:...
- PTGESPTGESProstaglandin E synthase is an enzyme that in humans is encoded by the PTGES gene.-Further reading:...