Maalaiskunta
Encyclopedia
Maalaiskunta landskommun (Swedish
), "rural municipality", abbreviated mlk was one of the four types of municipality in Finland in 1865–1977. Other types were new city (in Finnish uusi kaupunki), old city (in Finnish vanha kaupunki) and kauppala (market town). Maalaiskunta was the most common type of municipality. In the 1977 reform, all municipalities were given fully equal legal standing. Previous maalaiskuntas associated with a city retained their name. For example, Rovaniemen maalaiskunta
("the rural municipality of Rovaniemi
) surrounded the city of Rovaniemi, but were independently governed. From 2009, no municipalities will carry this name any more, after the merger of Jyväskylä
and Jyväskylän mlk
.
Rural municipalities were legally independent from the cities carrying the same name. However, in some cases, particularly when the city was in the geographic center of the municipality, rural municipalities have placed their offices in the city, on the territory of a different municipality. Rural municipalities have also changed their names to create an identity distinct from the city. For example, Vantaa
was previously known as Helsingin maalaiskunta, as it was the historical center of Helsinki
(location of the Helsinki church village).
In addition, in 1926 Lohja
was split into Lohjan maalaiskunta, which was known as Lohjan kunta after 1977, and Lohjan kauppala (later Lohjan kaupunki), but the two merged again in 1997.
Swedish language
Swedish is a North Germanic language, spoken by approximately 10 million people, predominantly in Sweden and parts of Finland, especially along its coast and on the Åland islands. It is largely mutually intelligible with Norwegian and Danish...
), "rural municipality", abbreviated mlk was one of the four types of municipality in Finland in 1865–1977. Other types were new city (in Finnish uusi kaupunki), old city (in Finnish vanha kaupunki) and kauppala (market town). Maalaiskunta was the most common type of municipality. In the 1977 reform, all municipalities were given fully equal legal standing. Previous maalaiskuntas associated with a city retained their name. For example, Rovaniemen maalaiskunta
Rovaniemen maalaiskunta
Rovaniemen maalaiskunta was a municipality of Finland. It merged with the city of Rovaniemi on January 1, 2006.It was located in the province of Lapland. The municipality had a population of 21,803 and covered an area of 7,915.51 km² of which 409.06 km² was water. The population density...
("the rural municipality of Rovaniemi
Rovaniemi
Rovaniemi is a city and municipality of Finland. It is the administrative capital and commercial centre of Finland's northernmost province, Lapland. It is situated close to the Arctic Circle and is between the hills of Ounasvaara and Korkalovaara, at the confluence of the Kemijoki River and its...
) surrounded the city of Rovaniemi, but were independently governed. From 2009, no municipalities will carry this name any more, after the merger of Jyväskylä
Jyväskylä
Jyväskylä is the capital of Central Finland and the largest city on the Finnish Lakeland, north-east of Tampere and north of Helsinki, on northern coast of lake Päijänne. The city has been continuously one of the most rapidly growing cities in Finland since World War II. The city is surrounded...
and Jyväskylän mlk
Jyväskylän maalaiskunta
Jyväskylän maalaiskunta , 'The Rural Municipality of Jyväskylä' is a former municipality of Finland. Together with Korpilahti, Jyväskylän maalaiskunta was consolidated with Jyväskylä on January 1, 2009. It was the last municipality to carry the name maalaiskunta.Jyväskylän maalaiskunta had three...
.
Rural municipalities were legally independent from the cities carrying the same name. However, in some cases, particularly when the city was in the geographic center of the municipality, rural municipalities have placed their offices in the city, on the territory of a different municipality. Rural municipalities have also changed their names to create an identity distinct from the city. For example, Vantaa
Vantaa
Vantaa is a city and municipality in Finland. Helsinki, Vantaa, Espoo and Kauniainen make up the Helsinki Metropolitan Area.Vantaa, with its population of , is the fourth most populated city of Finland. The biggest airport in Finland, the Helsinki-Vantaa Airport, is located there...
was previously known as Helsingin maalaiskunta, as it was the historical center of Helsinki
Helsinki
Helsinki is the capital and largest city in Finland. It is in the region of Uusimaa, located in southern Finland, on the shore of the Gulf of Finland, an arm of the Baltic Sea. The population of the city of Helsinki is , making it by far the most populous municipality in Finland. Helsinki is...
(location of the Helsinki church village).
In addition, in 1926 Lohja
Lohja
Lohja , is a town and municipality of Finland.It is located in the province of Southern Finland and is part of the Uusimaa region. The town has a population of and covers an area of ofwhich is water...
was split into Lohjan maalaiskunta, which was known as Lohjan kunta after 1977, and Lohjan kauppala (later Lohjan kaupunki), but the two merged again in 1997.
List of municipalities explicitly named maalaiskunta
- Ekenäs landskommun
- attached in 1977 with Snappertuna as EkenäsEkenäsEkenäs is a former town and municipality of Finland comprising the former municipalities Snappertuna and Tenala together with the town of Ekenäs. It was merged with Pohja and Karis to form the new municipality of Raseborg on January 1, 2009....
town
- attached in 1977 with Snappertuna as Ekenäs
- Heinolan maalaiskunta
- attached to HeinolaHeinolaHeinola is a town and a municipality of inhabitants located in the Province of Southern Finland. Heinola is perhaps best known for its summer activities such as the Sauna-sitting World Championships.-History:...
in 1997
- attached to Heinola
- Helsingin maalaiskuntaVantaaVantaa is a city and municipality in Finland. Helsinki, Vantaa, Espoo and Kauniainen make up the Helsinki Metropolitan Area.Vantaa, with its population of , is the fourth most populated city of Finland. The biggest airport in Finland, the Helsinki-Vantaa Airport, is located there...
- got the rights of market town in 1972 name changed to VantaaVantaaVantaa is a city and municipality in Finland. Helsinki, Vantaa, Espoo and Kauniainen make up the Helsinki Metropolitan Area.Vantaa, with its population of , is the fourth most populated city of Finland. The biggest airport in Finland, the Helsinki-Vantaa Airport, is located there...
- got the rights of market town in 1972 name changed to Vantaa
- Hyvinkään maalaiskunta
- attached in 1969 to HyvinkääHyvinkääHyvinkää is a town and municipality of Finland. It is located in Uusimaa region, approximately north of the capital Helsinki. The town was chartered in 1960. Hyvinkää belongs to the Province of Southern Finland. The population of Hyvinkää is ....
- attached in 1969 to Hyvinkää
- Hämeenlinnan maalaiskunta
- attached in 1948 to HämeenlinnaHämeenlinnaHämeenlinna is a city and municipality of about inhabitants in the heart of the historical province of Häme in the south of Finland and is the birthplace of composer Jean Sibelius. Today, it belongs to the region of Tavastia Proper, and until 2010 it was the residence city for the Governor of the...
, VanajaVanajaVanaja is a former municipality of Finland. It was located in Tavastia Proper about north of Helsinki. It is also speculated that it might have been the name for an Iron Age and early Middle Ages settlement found opposite to the Häme Castle....
and RenkoRenkoRenko is a former municipality of Finland. It was consolidated with Hämeenlinna on 2009-01-01.It is located in the province of Southern Finland and is part of the Tavastia Proper region. The municipality had a population of 2,378 and covered an area of of which is water. The population density...
- attached in 1948 to Hämeenlinna
- Iisalmen maalaiskunta
- attached in 1970 to IisalmiIisalmiIisalmi is a town and municipality of Finland.It is located in the province of Eastern Finland and is part of the Northern Savonia region. The municipality has a population of and covers an area of of which is water. The population density is...
- attached in 1970 to Iisalmi
-
Ikaalisten maalaiskunta
- united in 1972 with IkaalinenIkaalinenIkaalinen is a town and municipality of Finland.It is located in the province of Western Finland and is part of the Pirkanmaa region. The town has a population of and covers an area of ofwhich is water...
- united in 1972 with Ikaalinen
- Jyväskylän maalaiskuntaJyväskylän maalaiskuntaJyväskylän maalaiskunta , 'The Rural Municipality of Jyväskylä' is a former municipality of Finland. Together with Korpilahti, Jyväskylän maalaiskunta was consolidated with Jyväskylä on January 1, 2009. It was the last municipality to carry the name maalaiskunta.Jyväskylän maalaiskunta had three...
- last maalaiskunta in Finland attached in 2009 to JyväskyläJyväskyläJyväskylä is the capital of Central Finland and the largest city on the Finnish Lakeland, north-east of Tampere and north of Helsinki, on northern coast of lake Päijänne. The city has been continuously one of the most rapidly growing cities in Finland since World War II. The city is surrounded...
- last maalaiskunta in Finland attached in 2009 to Jyväskylä
- Kajaanin maalaiskunta
- attached in 1977 to KajaaniKajaaniKajaani is a town and municipality in Finland.It is the capital of the Kainuu region. It is located southeast of Oulujärvi , which drains to the Gulf of Bothnia along the Oulujoki . There are inhabitants and city surface area is of which is water. The population density is . The town is...
- attached in 1977 to Kajaani
- Karis landskommun
- attached in 1969 to KarisKarisKaris is a former Finnish town and Finnish municipality in Finland. On January 1, 2009, it was consolidated with Ekenäs and Pohja that formed the new town of Raseborg....
- attached in 1969 to Karis
- Kemijärven maalaiskunta
- united in 1973 with KemijärviKemijärviKemijärvi is a municipality of Finland and the northern-most town in Finland. It is located in the province of Lapland. The municipality has a population of and covers an area of of which is water...
market town and formed as KemijärviKemijärviKemijärvi is a municipality of Finland and the northern-most town in Finland. It is located in the province of Lapland. The municipality has a population of and covers an area of of which is water...
town
- united in 1973 with Kemijärvi
-
Kemin maalaiskuntaKeminmaaKeminmaa is a municipality of Finland.The municipality has a population of and covers an area of ofwhich is water. The population density is.-Villages:...
- name changed to KeminmaaKeminmaaKeminmaa is a municipality of Finland.The municipality has a population of and covers an area of ofwhich is water. The population density is.-Villages:...
in 1980
- name changed to Keminmaa
-
Koiviston maalaiskunta
- territorial loss to Soviet UnionSoviet UnionThe Soviet Union , officially the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics , was a constitutionally socialist state that existed in Eurasia between 1922 and 1991....
in 1944
- territorial loss to Soviet Union
- Kokkolan maalaiskunta
- changed name to Kaarlela in 1927. attached to Kokkola in 1977.
- Kristinestads landskommun
- changed name to Tjöck in 1919. attached to KristinestadKristinestadKristinestad is a town and a municipality in Finland. It is located in the western part of Finland on the shore of the Bothnian Sea. The population of Kristinestad is and the municipality covers an area of of which is inland water . The population density is . The population is bilingual...
in 1973.
- changed name to Tjöck in 1919. attached to Kristinestad
- Kuopion maalaiskunta
- attached in 1969 to KuopioKuopioKuopio is a city and a municipality located in the region of Northern Savonia, Finland. A population of makes it the ninth biggest city in the country. The city has a total area of , of which is water and half forest...
and SiilinjärviSiilinjärviSiilinjärvi is a municipality of Finland. The name, in Finnish, means "Hedgehog Lake."It is located in Eastern Finland, in Northern Savonia, north of the city of Kuopio. The median age is relatively low; 23% of the population are under 15 years old. The main sources of income are services and...
- attached in 1969 to Kuopio
- Käkisalmen maalaiskunta
- territorial loss to Soviet Union in 1944
- Lohjan maalaiskuntaLohjaLohja , is a town and municipality of Finland.It is located in the province of Southern Finland and is part of the Uusimaa region. The town has a population of and covers an area of ofwhich is water...
- name changed to Lohjan kunta ("municipality of Lohja") in 1977, attached to the city of LohjaLohjaLohja , is a town and municipality of Finland.It is located in the province of Southern Finland and is part of the Uusimaa region. The town has a population of and covers an area of ofwhich is water...
in 1997.
- name changed to Lohjan kunta ("municipality of Lohja") in 1977, attached to the city of Lohja
- Loimaan maalaiskuntaLoimaaLoimaa is a town and municipality of Finland.It is located in the province of Western Finland and is part of the Finland Proper region. The municipality has a population of and covers an area of of which is water...
- name changed Loimaan kunta ("municipality of Loimaa") in 1977, attached to the city of LoimaaLoimaaLoimaa is a town and municipality of Finland.It is located in the province of Western Finland and is part of the Finland Proper region. The municipality has a population of and covers an area of of which is water...
in 2005
- name changed Loimaan kunta ("municipality of Loimaa") in 1977, attached to the city of Loimaa
- Mikkelin maalaiskunta
- attached in 2001 to Anttola and MikkeliMikkeliMikkeli is a town and municipality in Finland. It is located in what used to be the province of Eastern Finland and is part of the Southern Savonia region. The municipality has a population of and covers an area of of which is water...
- attached in 2001 to Anttola and Mikkeli
- Naantalin maalaiskuntaNaantalin maalaiskuntaNaantalin maalaiskunta , or the rural municipality of Naantali, as distinct from the city of Naantali, is a former municipality in Finland. The municipality was located in south-western Finland, surrounding the city of Naantali, and composed of rural and suburban areas around it, mostly on the...
- attached in 1964 to NaantaliNaantaliNaantali is a city in south-western Finland, known as one of the most important tourist centres of the country. The municipality has a population of , and is located in the region of Finland Proper, west of Turku....
- attached in 1964 to Naantali
- Nurmeksen maalaiskunta
- attached in 1973 to NurmesNurmesNurmes is a town and municipality of Finland.It is located in the province of Eastern Finland and is part of the North Karelia region. The town has a population of and covers an area of of which is water. The population density is ....
market town
- attached in 1973 to Nurmes
- Nykarleby landskommun
- attached in 1975 with Munsala and JeppoJeppoJeppo may refer to:* Jeppo , a settlement in Finland* a soubriquet for people with the name Jepson...
as NykarlebyNykarlebyNykarleby is a town and municipality of Finland. It is located in the province of Western Finland and is part of the Ostrobothnia region. The municipality is bilingual, with the majority speaking Swedish and the minority Finnish ....
town
- attached in 1975 with Munsala and Jeppo
- Oulun maalaiskunta
- name changed as Oulujoki in 1910 partioned with Haukiputaa, KempeleKempeleKempele is a municipality in the province of Oulu, in Finland. The municipality is located in Northern Finland just south of city of Oulu. The population of Kempele is and the municipality covers an area of of which is inland water . The population density is...
, KiiminkiKiiminkiKiiminki is a municipality of Finland.It is located about north-east from the Oulu city centre, in the province of Oulu and is part of the Northern Ostrobothnia region. The municipality has a population of and covers an area of of which is water. The population density is .The municipality is...
, OuluOuluOulu is a city and municipality of inhabitants in the region of Northern Ostrobothnia, in Finland. It is the most populous city in Northern Finland and the sixth most populous city in the country. It is one of the northernmost larger cities in the world....
, OulunsaloOulunsaloOulunsalo is a municipality in the region of Northern Ostrobothnia, in Finland. The municipality is located in Northern Finland just south-west of the city of Oulu. The municipality has a population of and covers an area of of which is water. The population density is...
, TyrnäväTyrnäväTyrnävä is a municipality of Finland.It is located in the province of Oulu and is part of the Northern Ostrobothnia region. The municipality has a population of and covers an area of ofwhich is water. The population density is....
, UtajärviUtajärviUtajärvi is a municipality of Finland.It is located in the province of Oulu and is part of the Northern Ostrobothnia region. The municipality has a population of and covers an area of ofwhich is water. The population density is...
and YlikiiminkiYlikiiminkiYlikiiminki is a former municipality of Finland. It was consolidated with the city of Oulu on 1 January 2009.It was located in the province of Oulu and is part of the Northern Ostrobothnia region. The municipality had a population of 3,512 and covered a land area of . The population density was...
in 1965
- name changed as Oulujoki in 1910 partioned with Haukiputaa, Kempele
- Pargas landskommun
- attached in 1967 to PargasPargasPargas is a former town and municipality in south-western Finland. On 1 January 2009, it was consolidated with Houtskär, Iniö, Korpo and Nagu to form the new town of Väståboland....
market town
- attached in 1967 to Pargas
-
Pieksämäen maalaiskuntaPieksämäen maalaiskuntaPieksämäen maalaiskunta is a former municipality of Finland. On January 1, 2004 it was joined to new municipality of Pieksänmaa with Jäppilä and Virtasalmi....
- united in 2004 with JäppiläJäppiläJäppilä is a former municipality of Finland. On 1 January 2004 it was merged to Pieksämäen maalaiskunta and Virtasalmi to form the new municipality of Pieksänmaa, which merged with the town of Pieksämäki in 2007. The village of Jäppilä is located northeast of Pieksänmäki center.The coat of arms...
and VirtasalmiVirtasalmiVirtasalmi is a former municipality of Finland. On January 1, 2004, it was joined to the new municipality of Pieksänmaa with Jäppilä and Pieksämäen maalaiskunta....
as PieksänmaaPieksänmaaPieksänmaa is a former municipality of Finland. It became part of the town of Pieksämäki in 2007.Pieksänmaa was formed in 2004 when the municipalities of Pieksämäen maalaiskunta, Jäppilä and Virtasalmi were consolidated to a single municipality...
- united in 2004 with Jäppilä
- Pietarsaaren maalaiskunta
- name changed as PedersörePedersörePedersöre is a municipality of Finland. Its seat is in Bennäs .It is located in the province of Western Finland and is part of the Ostrobothnia region. The municipality has a population of and covers an area of ofwhich...
in 1989
- name changed as Pedersöre
- Porin maalaiskunta
- attached in 1967 to PoriPoriPori is a city and municipality on the west coast of Finland. The city is located some from the Gulf of Bothnia, on the estuary of the Kokemäenjoki river, which is the largest in Finland. Pori is the most important town in the Satakunta region....
- attached in 1967 to Pori
- Porvoon maalaiskunta
- attached in 1997 tp PorvooPorvooPorvoo is a city and a municipality situated on the southern coast of Finland approximately east of Helsinki. Porvoo is one of the six medieval towns in Finland, first mentioned as a city in texts from 14th century...
- attached in 1997 tp Porvoo
- Rauman maalaiskuntaRauman maalaiskuntaRauman maalaiskunta is a former municipality of Finland. It was annexed to Rauma on January 1, 1993. The population of the municipality at the time of annexation was about 9,000. The municipality was originally formed in 1476 when a border was drawn between the town of Rauma and the surrounding...
- attached in 1993 to RaumaRauma, FinlandRauma is a town and municipality of ca. inhabitants on the west coast of Finland, north of Turku, and south of Pori. Granted town privileges on May 17, 1442 , Rauma is known of its high quality lace , and of the old wooden architecture of its centre , which is a Unesco world heritage...
- attached in 1993 to Rauma
-
Rovaniemen maalaiskuntaRovaniemen maalaiskuntaRovaniemen maalaiskunta was a municipality of Finland. It merged with the city of Rovaniemi on January 1, 2006.It was located in the province of Lapland. The municipality had a population of 21,803 and covered an area of 7,915.51 km² of which 409.06 km² was water. The population density...
- attached in 2006 to RovaniemiRovaniemiRovaniemi is a city and municipality of Finland. It is the administrative capital and commercial centre of Finland's northernmost province, Lapland. It is situated close to the Arctic Circle and is between the hills of Ounasvaara and Korkalovaara, at the confluence of the Kemijoki River and its...
- attached in 2006 to Rovaniemi
- Seinäjoen maalaiskunta
- united in 1959 to SeinäjokiSeinäjokiSeinäjoki is a city located in Southern Ostrobothnia, Finland. Seinäjoki originated around the Östermyra bruk iron and gunpowder factories founded in 1798. Seinäjoki became a municipality in 1868, market town in 1931 and town in 1960...
market town as SeinäjokiSeinäjokiSeinäjoki is a city located in Southern Ostrobothnia, Finland. Seinäjoki originated around the Östermyra bruk iron and gunpowder factories founded in 1798. Seinäjoki became a municipality in 1868, market town in 1931 and town in 1960...
town
- united in 1959 to Seinäjoki
- Sortavalan maalaiskunta
- territorial loss in 1944 to Soviet UnionSoviet UnionThe Soviet Union , officially the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics , was a constitutionally socialist state that existed in Eurasia between 1922 and 1991....
- territorial loss in 1944 to Soviet Union
- Uudenkaupungin maalaiskunta
- attached in 1969 to UusikaupunkiUusikaupunkiUusikaupunki , is a town and municipality of Finland.It is located in the Finland Proper region. The municipality has a population of and covers an area of of which is inland water. The population density is .The municipality is unilingually Finnish...
- attached in 1969 to Uusikaupunki
- Viipurin maalaiskunta
- territorial loss in 1944 to Soviet Union
- Äänekosken maalaiskunta
- attached in 1969 to ÄänekoskiÄänekoskiÄänekoski is a town and municipality of Finland.-Geography:It is located in the province of Western Finland and is part of the Central Finland region. It is neighboured by Kannonkoski, Konnevesi, Laukaa, Saarijärvi, Uurainen, Vesanto and Viitasaari. The town has a population of and covers an area...
market town
- attached in 1969 to Äänekoski