Marcus Licinius Crassus Frugi
Encyclopedia
This article is about Marcus Licinius Crassus Frugi, the consul that served under the Roman Emperor
Tiberius
of the 1st century. To see other Romans
with this name, see Licinia (gens).
Marcus Licinius Crassus Frugi (flourished 1st century BC & 1st century) was a Roman
nobleman of consular rank that lived during the Roman Empire
. Frugi’s mother was an unnamed Roman woman, while his father was consul and governor Marcus Licinius Crassus
. Frugi’s adoptive paternal grandfather was consul and general Marcus Licinius Crassus (consul 30 BC). Crassus was the grandson of triumvir Marcus Licinius Crassus
and the last known direct descendant of his grandfather.
Frugi served as a praetor
and then later as a consul along with Lucius Calpurnius Piso in 27, under the reign of Roman Emperor
Tiberius
. In the older historical sources, they record his consulship as in the year 29. Sometime after 44, he served as Roman Governor of Mauretania
.
During the reign of Roman Emperor Claudius
, Frugi had appeared to come into favor with the emperor. Claudius had successfully conquered Britain
and had added Britain as a province to the Roman Empire. In 43, Claudius had held a triumph parade in Rome
, in celebrating his victory of Britain. Frugi had attended Claudius’ triumph parade. Claudius on this occasion had except Frugi from wearing a purple-bordered toga and earned the same honor on a previous occasion. Frugi came dressed to the parade in a palm-embroidered tunic and rode a caparisoned charger. Little else is known on Frugi.
Frugi had married a noblewoman called Scribonia
. She was of the highest birth and had descended from ancient, distinguished and politically influential blood. Scribonia was a direct descendant of Pompeia, the daughter of triumvir Pompey
from his third marriage to Mucia Tertia
.
Scribonia bore Frugi four sons and they were:
In the spring of 47, Frugi, his wife and his second son Gnaeus Pompeius Magnus were executed on the orders of Roman Empress Valeria Messalina. After Frugi, his wife and his son had died, the three were placed in the tomb of Licinii Calpurnii that is located on the Via Salaria
. Also placed in the tomb was their first son.
Frugi and Scribonia from their first son’s marriage had two grandsons Calpurnius Piso Crassus Frugi Licinianus who was consul in 87 and suffect consul in 88 Lucius Scribonius Libo Rupilius Frugi Bonus
. Calpurnius Piso Crassus Frugi Licinianus and his wife Agedia Quintina had conspired against the Roman Emperor Nerva
and the couple was banished by Nerva to Taranto
. Calpurnius Piso tried for a second time to escape and was banished by the Roman Emperor Trajan
to a solitary island and on his third attempt to escape he died. Calpurnius Piso was also placed in the tomb of Licinii Calpurnii. Lucius Scribonius Libo Rupilius Frugi Bonus was an ancestor to Roman Emperor Marcus Aurelius.
Roman Emperor
The Roman emperor was the ruler of the Roman State during the imperial period . The Romans had no single term for the office although at any given time, a given title was associated with the emperor...
Tiberius
Tiberius
Tiberius , was Roman Emperor from 14 AD to 37 AD. Tiberius was by birth a Claudian, son of Tiberius Claudius Nero and Livia Drusilla. His mother divorced Nero and married Augustus in 39 BC, making him a step-son of Octavian...
of the 1st century. To see other Romans
Ancient Rome
Ancient Rome was a thriving civilization that grew on the Italian Peninsula as early as the 8th century BC. Located along the Mediterranean Sea and centered on the city of Rome, it expanded to one of the largest empires in the ancient world....
with this name, see Licinia (gens).
Marcus Licinius Crassus Frugi (flourished 1st century BC & 1st century) was a Roman
Ancient Rome
Ancient Rome was a thriving civilization that grew on the Italian Peninsula as early as the 8th century BC. Located along the Mediterranean Sea and centered on the city of Rome, it expanded to one of the largest empires in the ancient world....
nobleman of consular rank that lived during the Roman Empire
Roman Empire
The Roman Empire was the post-Republican period of the ancient Roman civilization, characterised by an autocratic form of government and large territorial holdings in Europe and around the Mediterranean....
. Frugi’s mother was an unnamed Roman woman, while his father was consul and governor Marcus Licinius Crassus
Marcus Licinius Crassus Dives (consul 14 BC)
Marcus Licinius Crassus Frugi , also known as Marcus Licinius Crassus Dives was the adoptive son of consul Marcus Licinius Crassus, the grandson of triumvir Marcus Licinius Crassus...
. Frugi’s adoptive paternal grandfather was consul and general Marcus Licinius Crassus (consul 30 BC). Crassus was the grandson of triumvir Marcus Licinius Crassus
Marcus Licinius Crassus
Marcus Licinius Crassus was a Roman general and politician who commanded the right wing of Sulla's army at the Battle of the Colline Gate, suppressed the slave revolt led by Spartacus, provided political and financial support to Julius Caesar and entered into the political alliance known as the...
and the last known direct descendant of his grandfather.
Frugi served as a praetor
Praetor
Praetor was a title granted by the government of Ancient Rome to men acting in one of two official capacities: the commander of an army, usually in the field, or the named commander before mustering the army; and an elected magistratus assigned varied duties...
and then later as a consul along with Lucius Calpurnius Piso in 27, under the reign of Roman Emperor
Roman Emperor
The Roman emperor was the ruler of the Roman State during the imperial period . The Romans had no single term for the office although at any given time, a given title was associated with the emperor...
Tiberius
Tiberius
Tiberius , was Roman Emperor from 14 AD to 37 AD. Tiberius was by birth a Claudian, son of Tiberius Claudius Nero and Livia Drusilla. His mother divorced Nero and married Augustus in 39 BC, making him a step-son of Octavian...
. In the older historical sources, they record his consulship as in the year 29. Sometime after 44, he served as Roman Governor of Mauretania
Mauretania
Mauretania is a part of the historical Ancient Libyan land in North Africa. It corresponds to present day Morocco and a part of western Algeria...
.
During the reign of Roman Emperor Claudius
Claudius
Claudius , was Roman Emperor from 41 to 54. A member of the Julio-Claudian dynasty, he was the son of Drusus and Antonia Minor. He was born at Lugdunum in Gaul and was the first Roman Emperor to be born outside Italy...
, Frugi had appeared to come into favor with the emperor. Claudius had successfully conquered Britain
Roman Britain
Roman Britain was the part of the island of Great Britain controlled by the Roman Empire from AD 43 until ca. AD 410.The Romans referred to the imperial province as Britannia, which eventually comprised all of the island of Great Britain south of the fluid frontier with Caledonia...
and had added Britain as a province to the Roman Empire. In 43, Claudius had held a triumph parade in Rome
Rome
Rome is the capital of Italy and the country's largest and most populated city and comune, with over 2.7 million residents in . The city is located in the central-western portion of the Italian Peninsula, on the Tiber River within the Lazio region of Italy.Rome's history spans two and a half...
, in celebrating his victory of Britain. Frugi had attended Claudius’ triumph parade. Claudius on this occasion had except Frugi from wearing a purple-bordered toga and earned the same honor on a previous occasion. Frugi came dressed to the parade in a palm-embroidered tunic and rode a caparisoned charger. Little else is known on Frugi.
Frugi had married a noblewoman called Scribonia
Scribonia (daughter of Lucius Scribonius Libo consul 16)
Scribonia Magna , in the modern historical sources she is known as Scribonia Crassi was a Roman noblewoman that lived in the Roman Empire...
. She was of the highest birth and had descended from ancient, distinguished and politically influential blood. Scribonia was a direct descendant of Pompeia, the daughter of triumvir Pompey
Pompey
Gnaeus Pompeius Magnus, also known as Pompey or Pompey the Great , was a military and political leader of the late Roman Republic...
from his third marriage to Mucia Tertia
Mucia Tertia
Mucia Tertia was a Roman matrona who lived in the 1st century BC. She was the daughter of Quintus Mucius Scaevola, the pontifex maximus, consul in 95 BC. Her mother was a Licinia that divorced her father to marry Quintus Caecilius Metellus Nepos, in a scandal mentioned by several sources...
.
Scribonia bore Frugi four sons and they were:
- Marcus Licinius Crassus Frugi II - Frugi served as consul in 64 under Roman EmperorRoman EmperorThe Roman emperor was the ruler of the Roman State during the imperial period . The Romans had no single term for the office although at any given time, a given title was associated with the emperor...
NeroNeroNero , was Roman Emperor from 54 to 68, and the last in the Julio-Claudian dynasty. Nero was adopted by his great-uncle Claudius to become his heir and successor, and succeeded to the throne in 54 following Claudius' death....
. Frugi was later killed by Nero sometime before 68. - Gnaeus Pompeius Magnus - who married Roman princess Claudia AntoniaClaudia AntoniaClaudia Antonia was the daughter of the Roman Emperor Claudius and his second wife Aelia Paetina...
in 43, the daughter and only child of Roman EmperorRoman EmperorThe Roman emperor was the ruler of the Roman State during the imperial period . The Romans had no single term for the office although at any given time, a given title was associated with the emperor...
ClaudiusClaudiusClaudius , was Roman Emperor from 41 to 54. A member of the Julio-Claudian dynasty, he was the son of Drusus and Antonia Minor. He was born at Lugdunum in Gaul and was the first Roman Emperor to be born outside Italy...
from his second marriage to Aelia PaetinaAelia PaetinaAelia Paetina or Paetina was the second wife of the Roman Emperor Claudius. Her biological father was consul of 4, Sextus Aelius Catus while her mother is unknown. She was born into the family of the Aelii Tuberones, and thus apparently descended from the consul of 11 BC...
. Antonia married him as her first husband and they had no children. Magnus was murdered in 47. - Marcus Licinius Crassus Scribonianus - sometime between 68 and 69, the general Marcus Antonius PrimusMarcus Antonius PrimusMarcus Antonius Primus was a Roman Empire general.Primus was born at Tolosa in Gaul. During the reign of Nero, he was resident in Rome and a member of the Senate, from which he was expelled for conspiring to forge a will with Valerius Fabianus, and was banished from the city...
, had offered Scribonianus the Roman EmpireRoman EmpireThe Roman Empire was the post-Republican period of the ancient Roman civilization, characterised by an autocratic form of government and large territorial holdings in Europe and around the Mediterranean....
and position of Roman EmperorRoman EmperorThe Roman emperor was the ruler of the Roman State during the imperial period . The Romans had no single term for the office although at any given time, a given title was associated with the emperor...
, however Scribonianus refused to accept this. - Lucius Calpurnius Piso Frugi Licinianus or Lucius Calpurnius Piso LicinianusLucius Calpurnius Piso LicinianusLucius Calpurnius Piso Frugi Licinianus was a Roman nobleman who lived in the 1st century. Licinianus was one among the sons of consul of 27 Marcus Licinius Crassus Frugi and Scribonia....
(38-69). Licinianus was adopted by the brief Roman Emperor GalbaGalbaGalba , was Roman Emperor for seven months from 68 to 69. Galba was the governor of Hispania Tarraconensis, and made a bid for the throne during the rebellion of Julius Vindex...
, who reigned between 68-69. Licinianus became Galba’s son and heir, who was murdered on the orders of OthoOthoOtho , was Roman Emperor for three months, from 15 January to 16 April 69. He was the second emperor of the Year of the four emperors.- Birth and lineage :...
, when trying to obtain the Roman throne. Licinianus married a Roman woman called Verania Germina, who came from a family of consular rank.
In the spring of 47, Frugi, his wife and his second son Gnaeus Pompeius Magnus were executed on the orders of Roman Empress Valeria Messalina. After Frugi, his wife and his son had died, the three were placed in the tomb of Licinii Calpurnii that is located on the Via Salaria
Via Salaria
The Via Salaria was an ancient Roman road in Italy.It eventually ran from Rome to Castrum Truentinum on the Adriatic coast - a distance of 242 km. The road also passed through Reate and Asculum...
. Also placed in the tomb was their first son.
Frugi and Scribonia from their first son’s marriage had two grandsons Calpurnius Piso Crassus Frugi Licinianus who was consul in 87 and suffect consul in 88 Lucius Scribonius Libo Rupilius Frugi Bonus
Libo Rupilius Frugi
Libo Rupilius Frugi , whose full name may have been Lucius Scribonius Libo Rupilius Frugi Bonus, was a Roman Suffect Consul and an ancestor to Roman Emperor Marcus Aurelius....
. Calpurnius Piso Crassus Frugi Licinianus and his wife Agedia Quintina had conspired against the Roman Emperor Nerva
Nerva
Nerva , was Roman Emperor from 96 to 98. Nerva became Emperor at the age of sixty-five, after a lifetime of imperial service under Nero and the rulers of the Flavian dynasty. Under Nero, he was a member of the imperial entourage and played a vital part in exposing the Pisonian conspiracy of 65...
and the couple was banished by Nerva to Taranto
Taranto
Taranto is a coastal city in Apulia, Southern Italy. It is the capital of the Province of Taranto and is an important commercial port as well as the main Italian naval base....
. Calpurnius Piso tried for a second time to escape and was banished by the Roman Emperor Trajan
Trajan
Trajan , was Roman Emperor from 98 to 117 AD. Born into a non-patrician family in the province of Hispania Baetica, in Spain Trajan rose to prominence during the reign of emperor Domitian. Serving as a legatus legionis in Hispania Tarraconensis, in Spain, in 89 Trajan supported the emperor against...
to a solitary island and on his third attempt to escape he died. Calpurnius Piso was also placed in the tomb of Licinii Calpurnii. Lucius Scribonius Libo Rupilius Frugi Bonus was an ancestor to Roman Emperor Marcus Aurelius.
Sources
- SuetoniusSuetoniusGaius Suetonius Tranquillus, commonly known as Suetonius , was a Roman historian belonging to the equestrian order in the early Imperial era....
, The Lives of the Twelve Caesars, Claudius, Clause 17 - TacitusTacitusPublius Cornelius Tacitus was a senator and a historian of the Roman Empire. The surviving portions of his two major works—the Annals and the Histories—examine the reigns of the Roman Emperors Tiberius, Claudius, Nero and those who reigned in the Year of the Four Emperors...
, The Annals of Imperial Rome - http://www.ancientlibrary.com/smith-bio/2808.html
- http://www.ancientlibrary.com/smith-bio/3091.html
- http://penelope.uchicago.edu/Thayer/E/Gazetteer/Places/Europe/Italy/Lazio/Roma/Rome/_Texts/Lanciani/LANPAC/6*.html