Mawlawi Tawagozi
Encyclopedia
Ebdulrehîm Mela Seîd Mawlawi Tawagozi, (1806-1882), was a Kurdish
poet and sufi. His pen name was Madum or Madumi, but he is also known as Mewlewi Kurd.
. He began studying under supervision of his father and later continued his religious studies in the famous schools of Ardalan
and Baban principalities. He received his religious certificate from Mela Ebdurehman Nodşeyî in Sulaimaniya. Then he focused on training young students and writing literary works and poems. He was a follower of the Naqshbandi
sufi order. He was in close contact with other Kurdish poets and also Ardalan
and Baban rulers such as Ahmad Pasha and Reza Quli Khan.
Kurdish people
The Kurdish people, or Kurds , are an Iranian people native to the Middle East, mostly inhabiting a region known as Kurdistan, which includes adjacent parts of Iran, Iraq, Syria, and Turkey...
poet and sufi. His pen name was Madum or Madumi, but he is also known as Mewlewi Kurd.
Early life
He was born in the village of Serşatey Xwarû in the Tawegoz region in Iraqi KurdistanIraqi Kurdistan
Iraqi Kurdistan or Kurdistan Region is an autonomous region of Iraq. It borders Iran to the east, Turkey to the north, Syria to the west and the rest of Iraq to the south. The regional capital is Arbil, known in Kurdish as Hewlêr...
. He began studying under supervision of his father and later continued his religious studies in the famous schools of Ardalan
Ardalan
Ardalan or was the name of a vassaldom in north-western Persia during Qajar period.Ardalan vassaldom was established in an area encompassing present day Iranian province of Kurdistan from medieval period up to mid 19th century. Ardalan is also the name of the ruling family of that vassaldom...
and Baban principalities. He received his religious certificate from Mela Ebdurehman Nodşeyî in Sulaimaniya. Then he focused on training young students and writing literary works and poems. He was a follower of the Naqshbandi
Naqshbandi
Naqshbandi is one of the major Sufi spiritual orders of Sufi Islam. It is considered to be a "Potent" order.The Naqshbandi order is over 1,300 years old, and is active today...
sufi order. He was in close contact with other Kurdish poets and also Ardalan
Ardalan
Ardalan or was the name of a vassaldom in north-western Persia during Qajar period.Ardalan vassaldom was established in an area encompassing present day Iranian province of Kurdistan from medieval period up to mid 19th century. Ardalan is also the name of the ruling family of that vassaldom...
and Baban rulers such as Ahmad Pasha and Reza Quli Khan.
Works
- Eqîdey Merzîye, a book on Islamic faith and the science of KalamKalamʿIlm al-Kalām is the Islamic philosophical discipline of seeking theological principles through dialectic. Kalām in Islamic practice relates to the discipline of seeking theological knowledge through debate and argument. A scholar of kalām is referred to as a mutakallim...
in KurdishKurdish languageKurdish is a dialect continuum spoken by the Kurds in western Asia. It is part of the Iranian branch of the Indo-Iranian group of Indo-European languages....
. He began writing the book in 1863 and finished it by 1865. It has been published three times so far. The first edition was published in CairoCairoCairo , is the capital of Egypt and the largest city in the Arab world and Africa, and the 16th largest metropolitan area in the world. Nicknamed "The City of a Thousand Minarets" for its preponderance of Islamic architecture, Cairo has long been a centre of the region's political and cultural life...
, 1933, the second edition in TehranTehranTehran , sometimes spelled Teheran, is the capital of Iran and Tehran Province. With an estimated population of 8,429,807; it is also Iran's largest urban area and city, one of the largest cities in Western Asia, and is the world's 19th largest city.In the 20th century, Tehran was subject to...
and the third one in BaghdadBaghdadBaghdad is the capital of Iraq, as well as the coterminous Baghdad Governorate. The population of Baghdad in 2011 is approximately 7,216,040...
in 1988 with a detailed commentary by Mela Ebdolkarim Modares. Mawlawi has written two other books on the same subject: Al-Fazila in ArabicArabic languageArabic is a name applied to the descendants of the Classical Arabic language of the 6th century AD, used most prominently in the Quran, the Islamic Holy Book...
, and Al-Fawatih in PersianPersian languagePersian is an Iranian language within the Indo-Iranian branch of the Indo-European languages. It is primarily spoken in Iran, Afghanistan, Tajikistan and countries which historically came under Persian influence...
. - Eqîdey Mewlewî, a book on the Islamic faith. it has been published in 1977 in BaghdadBaghdadBaghdad is the capital of Iraq, as well as the coterminous Baghdad Governorate. The population of Baghdad in 2011 is approximately 7,216,040...
, and for the second time in the Kurdish journal Roşinbîrî Nwê in 1993. - Collection of Poems, is his most important work. It is written in KurdishKurdish languageKurdish is a dialect continuum spoken by the Kurds in western Asia. It is part of the Iranian branch of the Indo-Iranian group of Indo-European languages....
in a dialect which a mix of SoraniSoranîSoranî is the name of a Kurdish language that is spoken in Iran and Iraq. Soranî is one of the main Kurdish languages, which are a branch of the Iranian languages.- Name :...
and Hewrami. It was edited and published by PiramerdPiramerdTawfeq Mahmoud Hamza or Piramerd, , , was a Kurdish poet , writer, novelist and journalist. He was born in the Gwêje neighborhood of Sulaimaniya city in Iraq. In 1926, he became the editor of the Kurdish newspaper Jîyan...
in two volumes in Sulaimaniya in 1935 and 1940. It was published for the second time with commentaries and analysis by Mala Abdolkarim Modares in Baghdad in 1961. Mawlawi poems has been the focus of research and analysis by several other Kurdish writers and academics, among them Alaaddin SajadiAlaaddin SajadiAlaaddin Sajjadi was a Kurdish writer, poet and academic. He was born in Iran Kurdistan. He finished his religious studies and became a cleric in 1938. He began working in the field of journalism in 1939, and became the Editor-in-Chief of the Kurdish journal Gelawêj in 1941. In 1948, he published...
, GoranGoranGoran is a Slavic male first name often used in Serbia, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Bulgaria, Croatia, Montenegro, the Republic of Macedonia and Slovenia.- Variations :* female Goranka * female Gorana...
and Izzadin Mustafa Rasul. The poems of Mawlawi was the focus of a PhDPHDPHD may refer to:*Ph.D., a doctorate of philosophy*Ph.D. , a 1980s British group*PHD finger, a protein sequence*PHD Mountain Software, an outdoor clothing and equipment company*PhD Docbook renderer, an XML renderer...
thesis written by Anwar Qadir Muhammad in the Leningrad Institute of Orientalism (Soviet Academy of Sciences). This research was published in SwedenSwedenSweden , officially the Kingdom of Sweden , is a Nordic country on the Scandinavian Peninsula in Northern Europe. Sweden borders with Norway and Finland and is connected to Denmark by a bridge-tunnel across the Öresund....
in 1990.