Memramcook, New Brunswick
Encyclopedia
Memramcook is a Canadian
Canada
Canada is a North American country consisting of ten provinces and three territories. Located in the northern part of the continent, it extends from the Atlantic Ocean in the east to the Pacific Ocean in the west, and northward into the Arctic Ocean...
village in Westmorland County
Westmorland County, New Brunswick
Westmorland County is located in southeastern New Brunswick, Canada. The county contains the fast-growing commercial centre of Moncton as well as its northern and eastern suburbs...
, New Brunswick
New Brunswick
New Brunswick is one of Canada's three Maritime provinces and is the only province in the federation that is constitutionally bilingual . The provincial capital is Fredericton and Saint John is the most populous city. Greater Moncton is the largest Census Metropolitan Area...
. Located in south-eastern New Brunswick, the community is predominantly people of Acadian
Acadian
The Acadians are the descendants of the 17th-century French colonists who settled in Acadia . Acadia was a colony of New France...
descent who speak the Chiac derivative of the French language.
The village comprises several adjacent communities including St-Joseph, College Bridge, Boudreau village, Belliveau Village, Beaumont, Fort Folly, Pré-d'en-Haut, Gautreau Village, Dover, La Montain, McGinley, Gayton, Cormiers Cove, Old Shediac Road, Memramcook-Est (Lourdes), Le Lac, Anderson Mills (Haut-du-Ruisseau), Hêtrière and Breau Creek.
History
Memramcook is called the "Berceau de l'Acadie", which translates to "cradle of AcadiaAcadia
Acadia was the name given to lands in a portion of the French colonial empire of New France, in northeastern North America that included parts of eastern Quebec, the Maritime provinces, and modern-day Maine. At the end of the 16th century, France claimed territory stretching as far south as...
". Long been inhabited by the Mi'kmaq, the site saw the arrival of Acadians in 1700.
Name
The village name is originally Micmac and means "crooked river," referring to the many intricacies of the Memramcook River . The first mention of the area used the spelling Mémérancouque. The missionaries turned it intpo Memerancook , Memerancooque (1757), Memeramcook (1803), Memramkook (1812), Mamramcook (1812) and finally Memramcook . There have been several recent controversies about the name, such as people who offer the spelling Memramcouk or Memramkouke.Deportation
In August of 1755, EnglishEngland
England is a country that is part of the United Kingdom. It shares land borders with Scotland to the north and Wales to the west; the Irish Sea is to the north west, the Celtic Sea to the south west, with the North Sea to the east and the English Channel to the south separating it from continental...
soldiers were sent to Beaubassin
Beaubassin
Beaubassin was the first settlement on the Isthmus of Chignecto, Nova Scotia, which was Acadian. The area is now known as the Tantramar Marshes. Beaubassin was settled in 1672, the second Acadian village to be established after Port Royal. The village was one of the largest and most prosperous in...
, Petitcodiac
Petitcodiac, New Brunswick
Petitcodiac is a Canadian village in Westmorland County, New Brunswick.It is named after the Petitcodiac River, which begins in the village at the junction of the North and Anagance rivers...
, Chipoudy
Chipoudy
Chipoudy was an Acadian village, founded in 1698 and completely destroyed in 1755.- Geography :The village was situated on the west side of Chipoudy Bay, at the foot of Caledonian Hills, in the region where the ground is low, the Chipoudy marshes. It was part of most of the region of Trois-Rivières...
, and Memramcook to take the Acadiens prisoners. However, through guidance by the local missionary, Father LeGuerne, the Acadians hide in the woods. Then, on August 26, Lieutenant Boishébert
Charles Deschamps de Boishébert et de Raffetot
Charles Deschamps de Boishébert , was the leader of the Acadian resistance to the Expulsion of the Acadians. He settled and tried to protect Acadians refugees along the rivers of New Brunswick. Fort Boishebert is named after him...
of Miramichi
Miramichi
The name "Miramichi" was first applied to a region in northeastern New Brunswick, Canada, and has since been applied to other places in Canada and the United States...
and 125 soldiers and a group of Micmacs, surprised 200 Englishmen, under the command of Major Frye. The English had set fire to the church of Chipoudy and 181 homes, as well as 250 houses in Petitcodiac. Boishébert gave the order to attack at the moment that the English were setting fire to the church of Petitcodiac. After three hours of fierce fighting, the English retreated, leaving behind 50 dead, and around 60 wounded. It was thus that 200 families were able to escape the deportation.
Growth
It saw its major growth, both culturally and politically, in the 18th and 19th centuries. The preservation and renaissance of the Acadian culture in Maritime Canada began in this picturesque village, largely as a result of the intervention of the seminary/collegiate at College St-Joseph - one of the founding colleges of the Université de MonctonUniversité de Moncton
The Université de Moncton is a French language university located in Moncton, New Brunswick serving the Acadian community of Atlantic Canada...
. College St-Joseph, the first Francophone university in the Maritimes
Maritimes
The Maritime provinces, also called the Maritimes or the Canadian Maritimes, is a region of Eastern Canada consisting of three provinces, New Brunswick, Nova Scotia, and Prince Edward Island. On the Atlantic coast, the Maritimes are a subregion of Atlantic Canada, which also includes the...
, opened its doors in the village in 1864.
It was also here in 1881 that the First Acadian National Convention was held, and where the feast of the Assumption
Assumption of Mary
According to the belief of Christians of the Roman Catholic Church, Eastern Orthodoxy, Oriental Orthodoxy, and parts of the Anglican Communion and Continuing Anglicanism, the Assumption of Mary was the bodily taking up of the Virgin Mary into Heaven at the end of her life...
(August 15) was adopted as the national feast day of the Acadians.
Districts
The village of Memramcook includes several hamlets, villages and neighborhoods.On the banks of the river at the foot of Big Buttes, are, from upstream to downstream, the Pre-of-Surette (or Dover), Gautreau Village , the Pre d'en Haut , the Village des Belliveau (or to Pierre Michel) and Beaumont . These neighborhoods are more residential and rural, except Pre d'en Haut, with some services. At the top of Big Buttes are Little Dover , The Montain and The Hêtrière .
St. Joseph is the main area. It is located on the eastern slope of Big Buttes, on the Mound Firecracker at the top of a meandering river.
North of St. Joseph in the valley itself are, from upstream to downstream Gaytons , Chemin-de-Shediac , Lourdes 2 and McGinley Corner . After the bridge, east of St. Joseph, is College Bridge . The Cormier Cove is located south of St. Joseph.
East of College Bridge extend Lake , located near Lake Memramcook and Memramcook East , located in a clearing beyond the highway.
Ruisseau des Breau is located in a valley of the eponymous creek , south-east of College Bridge.
Economy
Among people aged over 15 years, the participation rate is 68.0%, the employment rate is 63.9% and the unemployment rate is 5.9%, sharply down from the rate of 10.1% in 2001. By way of comparison, in the province are respectively 63.7%, 57.3% and 10.0%, meaning that the economy of Memramcook is generally healthier than the provincial average 28 .Among these jobs, there were 3.5% in agriculture (6.9% provincially), 11.2% in construction (6.7% provincially), 9.9% in manufacturing (10, 8% provincial), 3.4% in wholesale trade (3.6% provincially), 9.7% in retail trade (11.9% provincially), 7.5% in finance and real estate (4.2% provincially), 10.1% in health and social services (11.4% provincially), 6.5% in education (6.5% provincially), 13 , 6% in services trade (16.9% provincially) and 23.6% in other services (21.1% provincially) 28 .
Among the employed population, 4.5% work at home, 12.4% have no fixed place of work and 82.8% have a fixed place of work. Among workers with a fixed place of work, 20.0% work in the village, 74.5% work elsewhere in the county, 2.9% work elsewhere in the province and 2.6% work in another province 29 .
The orchards are a major employer. In the territory including the DSL Dorchester Parish , Dorchester , Fort Folly 1 and Memramcook, there were 55 farmers in 2001 , averaging 53.7 years and a total of 45 farms. An area of 283 km 2 , 5263 ha were used 30 .
There are two branches of the Caisse populaire Dieppe-Memramcook, based in Dieppe and member of Credit Unions Acadian 31 .
Infrastructure and services
The École Abbey-Landry welcomes students from kindergarten to grade 8. Students then go to the École Mathieu-MartinÉcole Mathieu-Martin
École Mathieu-Martin is a Francophone high school located in Dieppe, New Brunswick, Canada. With an enrollment of close to 1025, the school is the largest of the French-language high schools in the Moncton area. The current principal is Michel Power.-History:...
in Dieppe
Dieppe, New Brunswick
Dieppe is a Canadian city in Westmorland County, New Brunswick.-Geography:Dieppe is located on the Petitcodiac River east of the adjacent city of Moncton...
to finish their high school.
The nearby village of Dorchester has an English school.
The library service lies in the town hall. It has nearly 14,500 books, including a small collection in English. There are also magazines, music, movies, and two computers available to the public. Located in the same building, the Community Access Centre Memramcook has 9 computers and offers training.
In the field of health , Memramcook has the Foyer Saint-Thomas de Memramcook Valley Inc.. an organization non-profit providing housing and care to elderly or disabled. The 5 residences have 100 apartments and 2 clinical extended care with 58 beds. The organization has 33 volunteers. The 2 closest hospitals are "Memorial Hospital" in Sackville
Sackville, New Brunswick
Sackville is a Canadian town in Westmorland County, New Brunswick.Mount Allison University is located in the town...
which is English at a distance of about twenty kilometers, and a French speaking "Hospital George L. Dumont" which is French and located in Moncton, a distance of 30 kilometers.
The Fire Department has 48 Memramcook Fire volunteers, Raymond G. Leblanc is the Chief since 2000 while also being vice-president of the Firefighters Association of New Brunswick. The fire department was born from the merger in 2006 of services Pre d'en Haut and Memramcook. It has a central fire station in St. Joseph and a barracks secondary Pre d'en Haut, all with 5 fire trucks. The village has no post of Ambulance New Brunswick and the reaction time is considered too long. For this reason, firefighters also have two trucks and emergency are trained to handle the situation in case of accident or medical emergency, pending the arrival of ambulances 33 , 34 .
The Royal Canadian Mounted Police serves as Police municipal detachment Memramcook including a corporal and four constables. It is part of District 4 RCMP, whose headquarters is located in Shediac .
The planning is the responsibility of the Planning Commission Beaubassin whose main office is located in Shediac, but an agent is available at City Hall.
There are three post offices in Memramcook.
Notable residents and people from Memramcook
- Thomas-Jean BourqueThomas-Jean BourqueThomas-Jean Bourque was a physician and political figure in New Brunswick, Canada. He represented Kent in the Legislative Assembly of New Brunswick from 1908 to 1916 as a Conservative member. Bourque went on to serve in the Senate of Canada from 1917 to 1952 representing Richibucto division.He was...
, physician & politician - Cormier wrestling familyCormier wrestling familyThe Cormier wrestling family is a group of Canadian brothers who competed in professional wrestling. They were born in New Brunswick and wrestled primarily in Canada. They also competed in the United States and had stints in several other countries. On many occasions, the Cormiers wrestled together...
, professional wrestlers - Amand LandryAmand LandryAmand Landry was an Acadian farmer and political figure in New Brunswick. He represented Westmorland County in the Legislative Assembly of New Brunswick from 1846 to 1850, from 1853 to 1857 and from 1861 to 1870....
, Legislative Assembly NB - David-Vital LandryDavid-Vital LandryDavid-Vital Landry was a doctor, farmer and political figure of Acadian descent in New Brunswick, Canada. He represented Kent County in the Legislative Assembly of New Brunswick from 1908 to 1917 as a Conservative member.He was born in Memramcook, New Brunswick, the son of Vital J. Landry and...
, doctor, farmer, politician - Pierre-Amand LandryPierre-Amand LandrySir Pierre-Amand Landry was an Acadian lawyer, judge and political figure in New Brunswick. He represented Westmorland County in the Legislative Assembly of New Brunswick from 1870 to 1874 and from 1878 to 1883...
, lawyer, judge, CHC - Bernard LeBlancBernard LeBlancBernard LeBlanc is a politician in the province of New Brunswick, Canada. He was elected to the Legislative Assembly of New Brunswick in the 2006 election as the Liberal MLA for the new district of Memramcook-Lakeville-Dieppe....
, Legislative Assembly NB - Olivier J. LeblancOlivier J. LeblancOlivier J. LeBlanc was a Canadian politician of Acadian descent.Born in Memramcook, New Brunswick, the son of Joseph LeBlanc and Victorie B. Girouard, LeBlanc was educated at Common Schools. A farmer, he was elected to the Legislative Assembly of New Brunswick in 1882...
, Legislative Assembly NB - Roméo LeBlancRoméo LeBlancRoméo-Adrien LeBlanc was a Canadian journalist, politician, and statesman who served as Governor General of Canada, the 25th since Canadian Confederation....
, Governor General of Canada - Camille LefebvreCamille LefebvreCamille Lefebvre was a Holy Cross father and vicar general for the Acadians.Camille Lefebvre went in 1864, along with Bishop Sweeney, to New Brunswick intending to provide education to the Catholic population who were Freench speaking...
, priest, professor, curate - Antoine Joseph LégerAntoine Joseph LégerAntoine Joseph Léger was a lawyer, author and political figure of Acadian descent in New Brunswick. He represented Westmorland County in the Legislative Assembly of New Brunswick from 1925 to 1935 as a Conservative member and then represented the division of L'Acadie in the Senate of Canada from...
, lawyer, author, senator - Édouard S. LégerÉdouard S. LégerÉdouard S. Léger was a Canadian businessman and politician in the Province of New Brunswick.Léger was first elected to the Legislative Assembly in the 1939 New Brunswick general election as the Liberal Party candidate in the multi-member riding of Westmorland County. He was reelected in 1944 and...
, Legislative Assembly NB - Greg O'DonnellGreg O'DonnellGregory Hugh O'Donnell is a businessman and former political figure in New Brunswick, Canada. He represented Memramcook and then Dieppe-Memramcook in the Legislative Assembly of New Brunswick from 1987 to 1999 as a Liberal member....
, Legislative Assembly NB - Clovis-Thomas RichardClovis-Thomas RichardClovis-Thomas Richard was a Canadian lawyer and political figure in the Province of New Brunswick. He was born in South Framingham, Massachusetts and raised in College Bridge, New Brunswick. He was educated at University of St...
, lawyer, LANB, CBC
Climate
| Climate of Memramcook | ||||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Temperatures | ||||||||||||||
| Month | Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec | Average | |
| Record Maximum (°C) | 16 | 15 | 19 | 28 | 34 | 34 | 36 | 37 | 33 | 26 | 23 | 18 | ||
| Daily High (°C) | −4 | −3 | 2 | 8 | 16 | 21 | 24 | 24 | 19 | 12 | 6 | −1 | 10.4 | |
| Daily Mean (°C) | −9 | −8 | −3 | 3 | 10 | 15 | 19 | 18 | 13 | 7 | 1 | −6 | 5.1 | |
| Daily Low (°C) | −14 | −13 | −8 | −2 | 4 | 9 | 13 | 12 | 7 | 2 | −3 | −10 | −0.3 | |
| Record Minimum (°C) | −32 | −32 | −27 | −16 | −6 | −2 | 1 | 1 | −3 | −1 | −17 | −29 | ||
| Precipitation and Sunshine Hours | ||||||||||||||
| Month | Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec | Total | |
| Total mm | 109 | 81 | 103 | 90 | 99 | 94 | 100 | 76 | 92 | 100 | 97 | 106 | 1144 | |
| Rain (mm) | 42 | 28 | 42 | 58 | 93 | 94 | 100 | 76 | 92 | 96 | 77 | 52 | 849 | |
| Snowfall (cm) | 67 | 53 | 61 | 32 | 5 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 4 | 20 | 54 | 295 | |
| Sunshine Hours | 115 | 124 | 139 | 158 | 205 | 229 | 248 | 244 | 167 | 142 | 103 | 95 | 1971 | |
| Information from Moncton International Airport 10 kilometers northwest of Memramcook, from Environnement Canada. Data taken between 1971 to 2000. | ||||||||||||||