Mikoyan-Gurevich MiG-21 variants
Encyclopedia
This is a list of variants and specifications for variants of the Mikoyan-Gurevich MiG-21
Mikoyan-Gurevich MiG-21
The Mikoyan-Gurevich MiG-21 is a supersonic jet fighter aircraft, designed by the Mikoyan-Gurevich Design Bureau in the Soviet Union. It was popularly nicknamed "balalaika", from the aircraft's planform-view resemblance to the Russian stringed musical instrument or ołówek by Polish pilots due to...
, which differed considerably between models.
Development and Preproduction - Generation Zero (1954–1956)
Ye-1 (1954)- Preliminary swept-wing design around the Mikulin AM-5A non-reheated turbojet. Instead of building it, the design was quickly reworked into the Ye-2.
Ye-2 (1954; NATO:
NATO reporting name
NATO reporting names are classified code names for military equipment of the Eastern Bloc...
"Faceplate")
- Swept-wing prototype with Mikulin AM-9B reheated turbojet, armed with three NR-30 cannon, and could carry one UB-16-57 rocket pod. Fitted with RSIU-4 VHF radio, Uzel IFF interrogator, ARK-5 Amur automatic direction finder with RUP landing approach computer, MRP-48P Dyatel marker beacon receiver, SRO-2 Khrom IFF transponder, Sirena-2 RWR, SRD-1M Radal'-M radar rangefinder linked to an ASP-5N computing gunsight. Ye-2 made its maiden flight on 14 February 1955, but programme was abandoned when Mikulin RD-11 turbojet became available.
Ye-2A (1955; aka "MiG-23")
- Ye-2 design modified for RD-11 turbojet. Six built. Identical to Ye-5 except for wings: Ye-2A had swept wings. Fitted with RSIU-4V radio, ARK-5 ADF with RUP module, MRP-48P marker beacon receiver, Bariy-M IFF transponder, Sirena-2 RWR, SRD-1M Radal'-M radar rangefinder with ASP-5N-V3 computing gunsight.
- MiG-23 (1957; Izdeliye 63)
- :Ye-2A was assigned the production designation MiG-23. It was to be much like the prototype, but with SRD-5M Baza-6 radar rangefinder and an SRO-2 Khrom IFF transponder, amongst other changes. Of twelve units planned for 1957, only five were built; these were powered by R11-300 turbojets (production version of RD-11) and had one (centreline) hardpoint to carry a 400-litre drop tank, a UB-16-57 rocket pod or a FAB-250 bomb. All work on this aircraft was ordered to be terminated in 1958, and the units built were reused for various special test programmes
Ye-4 (1955)
- The first delta wing prototype of the MiG-21. Proof-of-concept testbed: used an existing production engine in a Ye-5 airframe.
Ye-50 (1956)
- Swept-wing, experimental high-altitude interceptor. Ye-2 airframe modified to fit Dushkin S-155 rocket motor. Design work started in 1954, first flight in 1956. Programme terminated after crash of Ye-50/3 on 8 August 1957.
Ye-50A (1956)
- Not to be confused with MiG-23 "Flogger." The Ye-50A was a refinement of the Ye-50; was to enter production and service with the designation "MiG-23U," but this didn't happen due to unavailability of the intended R11E-300 turbojet.
- MiG-23U (1956; Izdeliye 64)
- :U = Uskoritel ("Booster") ::This was to be production version of Ye-50A. Only one was completed due to continuing unavailability of the R11E-300 powerplant
Ye-5 (1956)
- Delta wing research prototype powered by Mikulin AM-11 turbojet. Some changes besides the engine were made from the Ye-4, including addition of a second hydraulic system. The initial designation was I-500.
MiG-21 (1956; Izdeliye 65; NATO "Fishbed-A")
- The first series of fighters, production version of Ye-5. Five units built at Tbilisi, but not continued due to efforts having been redirected towards the more advanced Ye-6/MiG-21F. The aircraft that were built found work as testbeds.
Initial Mass Production - Generation One (1957–1961)
Ye-6 (1957)- Three pre-production versions of MiG-21F.
Ye-50P (1958)
- Rocket-boosted high-altitude interceptor project, terminated before construction.
MiG-21F (1959; Izdeliye 72; NATO "Fishbed-B")
- F = Forsirovannyy ("uprated")
- Single-seat day fighter aircraft. It was the first production aircraft, with 93 machines being made (20 in 1959, 73 in 1960). The MiG-21F carried 2160 liters of fuel in six internal fuel tanks and was powered by an R11F-300 turbojet engine with 5740kgfKGFKGF may refer to:*Keratinocyte Growth Factor*King George's Fields A UK set of 471 memorial playing fields and recreation grounds*Kolar Gold Fields*The IATA code for Sary-Arka Airport, Karaganda, Kazakhstan...
of thrust. The earliest units were fitted with one NR-30 and two NR-23 cannon, subsequent aircraft were armed with two 30-mm NR-30 cannons 60 shells each, it was also capable of carrying two bombs ranging from 50 to 500 kg each. Avionics included PUS-36D weapons sequencing module, R-800 communications radio, ASP-5NV-U1 computing gunsight, and SRD-5MN Baza-6 radar rangefinder.- Ye-6/9 (1960)
- :A production MiG-21F was modified in 1960 to test nuclear strike capability on the MiG-21 airframe
Ye-6T (1958)
- Prototypes based on MiG-21F used for testing the Vympel K-13Vympel K-13The K-13 is an short-range, infrared homing air-to-air missile developed by the Soviet Union. It is similar in appearance and function to the American AIM-9 Sidewinder from which it was reverse-engineered...
(NATO: AA-2 'Atoll') missile system. The aircraft were later reused for other tests.- Ye-6T/1 ("Ye-66") (1959)
- :Ye-6T/1 prototype, number 31 Red, was refitted with R11F2-300 engine to break the world speed record. "Ye-66" was a "fake" designation used on the documents submitted to the FAIFédération Aéronautique InternationaleThe Fédération Aéronautique Internationale is the world governing body for air sports and aeronautics and astronautics world records. Its head office is in Lausanne, Switzerland. This includes man-carrying aerospace vehicles from balloons to spacecraft, and unmanned aerial vehicles...
; it was not the official designation. Konstantin Kokkinaki set a new world speed record on September 16, 1960 in this aircraft, reaching a top speed of 2499km/h (1552 mph) on a 100km closed course - Ye-6T/1 ("Ye-66A") (1961)
- :After setting a new world speed record, Ye-6T/1 "31 Red" was rebuilt again to try to set a new world altitude record. To this end it had a U-21 rocket booster added to a fairing in the tail, and kept the upgraded R11F2-300 turbojet. "Ye-66A" was a "fake" designation used on the documents submitted to the FAIFédération Aéronautique InternationaleThe Fédération Aéronautique Internationale is the world governing body for air sports and aeronautics and astronautics world records. Its head office is in Lausanne, Switzerland. This includes man-carrying aerospace vehicles from balloons to spacecraft, and unmanned aerial vehicles...
; it was not the official designation. On April 28, 1961, Georgi Mosolov set the new altitude record at 34,714 m (113,891 ft), breaking the previous record set by an American pilot in an F-104 Starfighter by 2899 m (9511 ft) - Ye-6T/2 (1961)
- :Second prototype Ye-6T reused to test skid-type landing gear for use on dirt strips
- Ye-6T/3 (1961)
- :Ye-6T with canards fitted, tested 1961-1962
MiG-21P-13 (aka Ye-7) (1958)
- P = Perekhvatchik ("interceptor")
- 13 = refers to K-13 missile system
- Two MiG-21 sans suffixe (izdeliye 65) were converted to use K-13 missile system as part of a development project for an interceptor armed with the K-13 missile. Due to the MiG-21P-13 project lagging behind schedule, it was decided to produce the existing MiG-21F with the capability to use the K-13 missile system, resulting in the MiG-21F-13. The development continued, however, eventually resulting in the MiG-21PF.
MiG-21F-13 (1960; Izdeliye 74; NATO "Fishbed-C")
- F = Forsirovannyy ("Uprated")
- 13 = refers to K-13 missile system
- Short-range day fighter; the MiG-21F-13 was the first MiG-21 model to be produced in large numbers. Unlike the MiG-21F, the MiG-21F-13 had only one NR-30 cannon on the starboard side, with only 30 rounds; however, it added the capability to use the K-13 missile system, of which two could be carried on underwing hardpoints. On early-production MiG-21F-13s the launch rails were of the APU-28 type; later models had these replaced by APU-13 rails. The launch rails were removable, allowing the MiG-21F-13 to carry two UB-16-57 unguided rocket launchers, two S-24 rockets on PU-12-40 launch rails or two FAB-100/250/500 bombs or ZB-360 napalm tanks. The F-13 had further upgrades: an improved ASP-5ND optical gunsight and an upgraded SRD-5ND ranging radar. The MiG-21F-13 was also built under licence in China as the Chengdu J-7Chengdu J-7The Chengdu Jian-7 is a People's Republic of China-built version of the Soviet Mikoyan-Gurevich MiG-21. Though production ceased in 2008 it continues to serve, mostly as an interceptor, in several air forces, including China's.-Design and development:...
or F-7 for export, as well as in Czechoslovakia as the Aero S-106, though the S-106 designation was not used for long; subsequently, the Czech-built units were referred to as "MiG-21F-13" just like the Soviet-built aircraft.- MiG-21FR
- : Czechoslovak designation for MiG-21F and Aero S.106 (Czech-built MiG-21F) converted to carry reconnaissance pods
- MiG-21F-13R (1974)
- :R = Razuznavatelen ("Reconnaissance") ::Bulgarian designation for MiG-21F-13 aircraft locally modified to carry an AFA-39 camera
Ye-6V (1961; NATO "Fishbed-E")
- Experimental STOL version of MiG-21F-13 with JATO boosters.
Interceptors - Generation Two (1961–1966)
MiG-21PF (1961; Izdeliye 76; NATO "Fishbed-D")- P = Perekhvatchik ("Interceptor")
- F = Forsirovannyy ("Uprated")
- Production version of the all-weather interceptor. These were powered by the R11F2-300 turbojet and, starting with the seventh production batch, fitted with the RP-21 radar (the first six batches used the older TsD-30T radar (aka RP-9-21). Further, the weapons control system was modified from that of the F-13 to allow use of the RS-2US (aka K-5MS) beam-riding AAM in addition to the IR-seeking K-13.
- MiG-21PF (1961; Izdeliye 76A
-
- Version for export to Warsaw Pact countries; only difference from domestic version was the IFF equipment.
- MiG-21PFL (1966; Izdeliye 76A)
- :L = Lokator ("Radar") ::Version of MiG-21PF tailored to a Vietnamese requirement. The "L" designation may be short for lokator to reflect the different sensor suite in this version as compared to the standard PF
- MiG-21PFM (Izdeliye 76A)
- :M = Modifiziert ::Not to be confused with the "real" MiG-21PFM which is izdeliye 94. This was an East German designation for MiG-21PF aircraft with upgraded RP-21 radars
- MiG-21RFM (Izdeliye 76A)
- :R = Radar ::F = Forsaj ("Reheat") ::M = Modernizat ("Modernised") ::Romanian designation for the MiG-21PF
- MiG-21Ye
- :Remote-controlled drones converted from MiG-21PF; also designated M-21 (M = mishen, "target")
- Version for export to Warsaw Pact countries; only difference from domestic version was the IFF equipment.
MiG-21FL (1965; Izdeliye 77)
- F =
Ye-7SPS (1961)
- SPS =
MiG-21PFS (1963; Izdeliye 94; NATO "Fishbed-D/F")
- P =
- MiG-21PFS (
Ye-7M
- Further development of the Ye-7SPS; prototype for MiG-21PFM.
- P =
- MiG-21PFM (1964;
- MiG-21SPS (
Ye-7R
- Protypes of the MiG-21R combat-capable reconnaissance aircraft derived from MiG-21PFS.
MiG-21R (1965; Izdeliye 03/94R; NATO "Fishbed-H")
- Initially designated
- MiG-21R (Izdeliye 94RA; NATO "Fishbed-H")
- :Export version of the MiG-21R, delivered with the Type D and Type R pods
- MiG-21RF (Izdeliye 94RA; NATO "Fishbed-H")
- :Egyptian designation for MiG-21R aircraft which had been locally modified by permanently mounting the cameras in a fairing under the nose
- MiG-21RF (Izdeliye 96R; NATO "Fishbed-H")
- :Not to be confused with the Egyptian local designation "MiG-21RF." This designation was used after some MiG-21Rs were upgraded with R13-300 engines as in the MiG-21MF
Ye-7S (1963)
- Tactical fighter prototype - a production MiG-21PF converted into an avionics testbed to test the Sapfir-21 fire-control radar.
MiG-21S (1964; Izdeliye 95; NATO "Fishbed-J")
- S =
MiG-21N (1965; Izdeliye 95N; NATO "Fishbed-J")
- N =
MiG-21PD (1966; Izdeliye 23-31/92)
- PD = Podyomniye Dvigateli ("Lifting Engines")
- STOL technology demonstrator built out of a MiG-21PFM airframe.
Modernisation - Generation Three (1968–1972)
MiG-21M (1968; Izdeliye 96; NATO "Fishbed-J")- M = Modernizirovannyy ("Modernised")
- Export variant of the MiG-21S with two major differences: the RP-22 radar of the MiG-21S was substituted with the older RP-21MA radar, and featured a built-in GSh-23L cannon instead of a cannon pod. In the air-to-air role it could only carry the R-3S IR-seeking AAM on its four pylons, as the SARH variant, the R-3R, was not cleared for export. The type was also licence-built in India, the first Indian-built example being delivered in February 1973.
- MiG-21M (Izdeliye 96A, NATO "Fishbed-J")
- :Export variant for Warsaw Pact countries
- MiG-21MA (Izdeliye 96A, NATO "Fishbed-J")
- :The Czechoslovak Air Force redesignated its MiG-21Ms that had been re-engined with the Tumanskiy R13-300 engine as "MiG-21MA," keeping the RP-21MA radar. Some of these were later re-equipped with the RP-22 radar - bringing it to MiG-21MF standard - and were then redesignated "MiG-21MF.
MiG-21I (1968; Izdeliye 21-11; "Analog")
- I = Imitator ("Simulator")
- Testbed for the wing design of the Tu-144Tupolev Tu-144The Tupolev Tu-144 was a Soviet supersonic transport aircraft and remains one of only two SSTs to enter commercial service, the other being the Concorde...
(NATO "Charger") supersonic transportSupersonic transportA supersonic transport is a civilian supersonic aircraft designed to transport passengers at speeds greater than the speed of sound. The only SSTs to see regular service to date have been Concorde and the Tupolev Tu-144. The last passenger flight of the Tu-144 was in June 1978 with its last ever...
.
MiG-21K (1969; proposal)
- This was a proposed variant of the MiG-21 for a dedicated ground attack role; the Mikoyan proposal was withdrawn before phase two of the competition, which was eventually won by the Su-25.
MiG-21Sh (1969; Izdeliye 21-32"; project)
- Sh =
MiG-21SM (1969; Izdeliye 15/95M; NATO "Fishbed-J")
- S =
Tumansky R-13
|-See also:-Bibliography:* Gunston, Bill. World Encyclopaedia of Aero Engines. Cambridge, England. Patrick Stephens Limited, 1989. ISBN 1-85260-163-9-External links:*...
-300 engine and with a built-in GSh-23L cannon, as well as a considerably updated avionics package.
- M =
- MiG-21MFR (1995)
- :R =
MiG-21DF (1969)
- D = Dal'nomer ("Rangefinder")
- F = Forsirovannyy ("Uprated")
- A production MiG-21 (S or SM) refitted with R13F2-300 engine and Kvant radar rangefinder for test purposes. Though testing revealed an improvement in manoeuvrability, this variant was not put into production.
MiG-21SMF (1970)
- S = Sapfir (referring to the Sapfir-21/RP-22 radar).
- M = Modernizirovannyy ("Modernised")
- F = Forsirovannyy ("Uprated [engine]")
- A testbed aircraft - a stock MiG-21SM refitted with the uprated R13F2-300 turbojet. Though a prototype for what would have been a new model, it never entered production.
MiG-21MT (1971; Izdeliye 96T; NATO "Fishbed-J")
- M =
- S =
MiG-21ST (Izdeliye 50)
- S =
MiG-21bis (1972; Izdeliye 75; NATO "Fishbed-L/N"
- The ultimate development of the MiG-21, fitted with the Tumanskiy R25Tumansky R-25|-See also:-External links:*...
-300 turbojet engine and a great number of other advances over previous types. Those MiG-21bis for the Soviet PVO (Air Defence Force) were equipped with the
- MiG-21bis (
- MiG-21bis-D
- :D =
Trainer Variants (1960–1968+)
Ye-6U (1960)- Trainer prototype based on the Ye-6T.
- "Ye-33" (1965)
- :A Ye-6U prototype was used by two women, N. A. Prokhanova and Lydia Zaitseva to set back-to-back altitude records. Prokhanova set a record of 24,336 m (79,842 ft) - the highest any woman had ever gone - on May 22, 1965, and a month later, Zaitseva set an altitude record for sustained level flight, at 19,020 m (62,401 ft)
MiG-21U (1961; Izdeliye 66-400; NATO "Mongol-A")
- U =
- MiG-21U-400
- :East German designation for MiG-21U aircraft of
MiG-21UR (1961; project)
- U =
MiG-21U (1965; Izdeliye 66-600; NATO "Mongol-B")
- Essentially the same as the 66-400, but with the wide-chord vertical stabiliser as on the MiG-21PFM.
- MiG-21U-600
- :East German designation for MiG-21U aircraft of
MiG-21US (1966; Izdeliye 68; NATO "Mongol-B")
- U =
- MiG-21US (1966;
MiG-21UM (1968; Izdeliye 69; NATO "Mongol-B")
- U =
- MiG-21UMD
- :D =
Upgrade programs
MiG-21-93- Russia now offers an upgrade package to bring late-model MiG-21s up to the MiG-21-93 standard. This package provides an upgrade of the avionics suite that includes installation of the
Vympel R-77
The Russian R-77 Missile is a medium range, air-to-air, active radar-guided missile system. It is the Russian counterpart to the American AIM-120 AMRAAM missile, thus gaining a nickname: Amraamski....
air-to-air missile. The upgraded avionics also enhance the aircraft's survivability as well as its ability to engage enemy fighters. Other upgrade features include installation of a dual-screen HUD, helmet-mounted target designator, and advanced flight control systems.
- Single-seat 21st century version for export buyers. Made by Israel Aerospace Industries.
MiG-21 LanceR
- Upgraded version for the Romanian Air Force done by Elbit SystemsElbit SystemsElbit Systems Ltd. is one of the world's largest defense electronics manufacturers and integrators. Established in 1967, and based in Haifa, Israel, Elbit employs 11,000 people worldwide....
of Israel and Aerostar SAAerostarAerostar S.A., is an aeronautical manufacturing company based in Bacău, Romania.-History:Since its establishment in 1953, the company's name has changed in turn from U.R.A. to I.R.Av, I.Av. and finally Aerostar...
of Romania. The LanceR-A version is optimized for ground attack being able to deliver precision guided munitions of eastern and western origin as well as R-60, R-73 and Python III air to air missiles. The LanceR-B version is the trainer version and the LanceR-C version is the air superiority version featuring 2 LCD MFDs, helmet mounted sight and the EltaEltaELTA Systems LTD is an Israeli provider of defense products and services specializing in radar, C4ISTAR, RF, SIGINT and EW products.Elta, a group and subsidiary of Israel Aerospace Industries, is one of Israel's major defence electronics companies specializing in a variety of fields...
EL/M-2032EL/M-2032The EL/M-2032 is an advanced pulse Doppler, multimode Fire Control Radar intended for multi-role fighter aircraft originated from the Lavi project. It is suitable for air-to-air and air-to-surface modes....
Air combat radar.http://www.defense-update.com/news/lancer.htm
- Upgraded version for export, the Indian Air Force being the first customer. Equipped with the PhazotronPhazotronJSC Phazotron , is Russia's largest developer of military radars and avionics. Named after one of the major projects and the most important one it was involved in, the first cosmotron in the former-USSR, it was first formed in 1917 to produce aviation instruments...
Kopyo (Spear) airborne radar, which is capable of simultaneously tracking 8 targets and engaging 2 of them with semi-active radar homing air-to-air missiles, such as the Vympel R-27. The radar also enable the fighter to deploy active radar homing air-to-air missiles such as the Vympel R-77Vympel R-77The Russian R-77 Missile is a medium range, air-to-air, active radar-guided missile system. It is the Russian counterpart to the American AIM-120 AMRAAM missile, thus gaining a nickname: Amraamski....
when an additional channel is incorporated. Russia has claimed that this version is equivalent to the early F-16. It performed well against F-15s and F-16s of the USAF during Indo-US joint air exercises.
MiG-21-97
- MiG-21-93 upgrade. MiG-21-93 re-engined with the Klimov RD-33Klimov RD-33|- Specifications :thrust=49.4 kN Dry, 81.4 - 88.4 kN Afterburning. -See also:- External links :* * * * * * * * * *...
engine. The Russians have claimed that the evaluation at Ramenskoye AirportRamenskoye AirportRamenskoye Airport , also known as Ramenskoye Airfield or Zhukovsky Airfield, is an airport in Moscow Oblast, Russia located 40 km southeast of Moscow and near the town of Ramenskoye. It serves as a major aircraft testing facility since the Cold War years with the majority of the major Russian...
had shown that this version has beaten simulated F-16 in a mock dogfight with a score of 4:1.
Foreign-built variants
China (PRC)Chinese-built variants of the MiG-21 are designated Chengdu J-7
Chengdu J-7
The Chengdu Jian-7 is a People's Republic of China-built version of the Soviet Mikoyan-Gurevich MiG-21. Though production ceased in 2008 it continues to serve, mostly as an interceptor, in several air forces, including China's.-Design and development:...
and F-7 (for export). Only the initial version of the J-7 was a copy of a MiG-21 variant, namely the MiG-21F-13. Though an agreement had been reached between China and the USSR for licence production of the MiG-21 in China, political relations soured between the two countries, causing Soviet assistance to stop. This forced the Chinese to reverse-engineer parts of the handful of MiG-21F-13s supplied from the USSR, in order to make up for blueprints and documentation that had not yet been shipped over from the USSR at the time of the political rift. All subsequent development of the J-7 was indigenous to China and different from Soviet-made versions.
Czechoslovakia:
Between 1962 and 1972 the MiG-21F-13 version was manufactured under license by Aero Vodochody
Aero Vodochody
Aero Vodochody is a Czech aircraft company, active from 1919, notable for producing the L-29 Delfin, L-39 Albatros, L-59 Super Albatros and the L-159 Alca....
, in Czechoslovakia. Aero Vodochody (then Středočeské strojírny, n.p.), built a total of 194 planes during this period, under the cover designation article Z-159. It followed the MiG-15 and MiG-19S built in Vodochody factory from the fifties to sixties. The sole locally-built version of the MiG-21F-13 differed externally from the Soviet-built examples by the solid dural sheet fairing behind the cockpit canopy, as opposed to the transparent one on the original Soviet MiGs. These machines were built for the Czechoslovak Air Force and also for export. The R13-300 engines were imported from the Soviet Union.
India:
The production of the MiG-21s in India under license by Hindustan Aeronautics in Nasik started with the MiG-21FL in 1966 in four phases starting with the assembly of CKD kits, moving on to subassemblies, parts, and finally advancing to production from scratch. 205 MiG-21FLs, designated Type 77 and nicknamed Trishul ("Trident), were built in India between 1966 and 1972; the first one built entirely from Indian-made components was delivered to the IAF on 19 October 1970, with the first Indian-made R11F2S-300 powerplant leaving the assembly line on 2 January 1969. In 1971 HAL production was switched to an improved version of the MiG-21M (izdeliye 96), which was designated Type 88 by HAL; as this variant was produced exclusively in India, no izdeliye designation is applicable. The first Type 88 MiG-21M was delivered to the IAF on 14 February 1973 and the last on 12 November 1981, with a total of 158 built. The last variant to be produced by HAL was the MiG-21bis. A total of 75 were built in 1977 from CKD kits, and a further 220 were built from scratch by 1984. Despite a series of crashes during the 1990s, the Indian Air Force
Indian Air Force
The Indian Air Force is the air arm of the Indian armed forces. Its primary responsibility is to secure Indian airspace and to conduct aerial warfare during a conflict...
has decided to upgrade about 125 of the MiG-21bis in its inventory to the MiG-21 "Bison" standard. These will serve the Indian Air Force until 2018.
Engines
The engines used in MiG-21 variants are listed in the table below.| Model | Engine | Thrust – kN (dry/reheat) | Thrust – lbf (dry/reheat) |
|---|---|---|---|
| Ye-2 | Mikulin AM-9B Tumansky RD-9 |-References:* The Osprey Encyclopedia of Russian Aircraft: 1875-1995, Bill Gunston, ISBN 1-85532-405-9.-External links:... |
25.5/31.9 | 5730/7165 |
| Ye-2A/MiG-23 (izd. 63) | Tumanskiy RD-11 Tumansky R-11 -Bibliography:* Gunston, Bill. World Encyclopedia of Aero Engines. Cambridge, England. Patrick Stephens Limited, 1989. ISBN 1-85260-163-9-External links: - R-11... |
37.3/50.0 | 8380/11240 |
| Ye-50 | Tumanskiy RD-9E Tumansky RD-9 |-References:* The Osprey Encyclopedia of Russian Aircraft: 1875-1995, Bill Gunston, ISBN 1-85532-405-9.-External links:... + Dushkin S-155 Dushkin S-155 The Dushkin S-155 was a liquid-fueled rocket motor designed by Leonid Dushkin specifically for use in the Mikoyan-Gurevich Ye-50 and Ye-50A experimental-developmental aircraft in the 1950s. It delivered 37.3 kN and ran on a mix of TG-02 hypergolic kerosene and AK-20 oxidizer . The fuel pumps were... |
25.5/32.4 + 37.3 | 5730/7275 + 8380 |
| Ye-50A/MiG-23U (izd. 64) | Tumanskiy R-11E-300 + Dushkin S-155 | 37.3/50.0 + 37.3 | 8380/11240 + 8380 |
| Ye-4 | Tumanskiy RD-9E | 25.5/32.4 | 5730/7275 |
| MiG-21 (izd. 65) | Tumanskiy R-11-300 | ?/49.0 | ?/11020 |
| Ye-6 | Tumanskiy R-11F-300 | 38.3/56.4 | 8600/12680 |
| MiG-21F (izd. 72) | Tumanskiy R-11F-300 | 38.3/56.4 | 8600/12680 |
| MiG-21F-13 (izd. 74) | Tumanskiy R-11F-300 | 38.3/56.4 | 8600/12680 |
| Ye-6T ("Ye-66") | Tumanskiy R-11F2-300 | 36.8/60.7 | 8258/13633 |
| Ye-6T ("Ye-66A") | Tumanskiy R-11F2-300 + Sevruk S3-20M5A | 36.8/60.7 + ? | 8258/13633 + ? |
| Ye-6V | Tumanskiy R-11F2S-300 | 38.8/60.6 | 8710/13610 |
| Ye-7 1-2/MiG-21P | Tumanskiy R-11F-300 | 38.3/56.4 | 8600/12680 |
| Ye-7 3–4 | Tumanskiy R-11F2-300 | 38.8/60.0 | 8710/13490 |
| MiG-21PF (izd. 76, 76A) | Tumanskiy R-11F2-300 | 38.8/60.0 | 8710/13490 |
| MiG-21FL (izd. 77) | Tumanskiy R-11F-300 | 38.3/56.4 | 8600/12680 |
| Ye-7SPS, MiG-21PFS (izd. 94) | Tumanskiy R-11F2S-300 | 38.8/60.6 | 8710/13610 |
| MiG-21PFM (izd. 94, 94A) | Tumanskiy R-11F2S-300 | 38.8/60.6 | 8710/13610 |
| Ye-7R | Tumanskiy R-11F2S-300 | 38.8/60.6 | 8710/13610 |
| MiG-21R (izd. 03, 94R, 94RA) | Tumanskiy R-11F2S-300 | 38.8/60.6 | 8710/13610 |
| MiG-21R (94R late) | Tumanskiy R-13-300 Tumansky R-13 |-See also:-Bibliography:* Gunston, Bill. World Encyclopaedia of Aero Engines. Cambridge, England. Patrick Stephens Limited, 1989. ISBN 1-85260-163-9-External links:*... |
39.9/63.7 | 8970/14320 |
| Ye-7S | Tumanskiy R-11F2-300 | 38.8/60.0 | 8710/13490 |
| MiG-21S/SN (izd. 95/95N) | Tumanskiy R-11F2S-300 | 38.8/60.6 | 8710/13610 |
| MiG-21M (izd. 96) | Tumanskiy R-11F2SK-300 | 38.8/60.6 | 8710/13610 |
| MiG-21SM (izd. 95M/15) | Tumanskiy R-13-300 | 39.9/63.7 | 8970/14310 |
| MiG-21MF (izd. 96F) | Tumanskiy R-13-300 | 39.9/63.7 | 8970/14310 |
| MiG-21MT/SMT/ST (izd. 96T/50/50) | Tumanskiy R-13F-300 | 39.9/63.7 | 8970/14320 |
| MiG-21bis (izd. 75/75A/75B) | Tumanskiy R-25-300 Tumansky R-25 |-See also:-External links:*... |
40.2/69.6 (97.1*) | 9040/15650 (21825*) |
- = limited (3-minute) "extra-power" reheat at altitudes 4000m (13,120 ft) or less.
Armament
The following table shows the possible ordnance loads of various models of the MiG-21. The number in the pylons column indicates the number of stores carried per pylon.| Model | Internal Cannon | Center Pylon | Inboard Pylons (per hardpoint) | Outboard Pylons (per hardpoint) |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Ye-2 | 3x NR-30 Nudelman-Rikhter NR-30 The Nudelman-Rikhter NR-30 was a Soviet cannon widely used in military aircraft of the Soviet Union and Warsaw Pact. It was designed by A.E. Nudelman and A.A. Rikhter, entering service in 1954.... w 60 rpg |
1x UB-16-57 16-tube rocket pod | n/a | n/a |
| Ye-2A/MiG-23 | 3x NR-30 w 60 rpg | 1x PTB-490 490L drop tank 1x UB-16-57 1x FAB-250 GP bomb General-purpose bomb A general-purpose bomb is an air-dropped bomb intended as a compromise between blast damage, penetration, and fragmentation in explosive effect.-Characteristics:... |
n/a | n/a |
| Ye-50A/MiG-23U | 2x NR-30 w 60 rpg | n/a | 1x ORO-57K 8-tube rocket pod | n/a |
| Ye-4 | 3x NR-30 w 60 rpg | 1x FAB-250/500 GP bomb 1x UB-16-57 1x PTB-400 400L drop tank |
n/a | n/a |
| MiG-21 | 3x N-30 w 60 rpg | 1x FAB-250 GP bomb 2x ORO-57K on special adapter 2x TRS-190 HVAR High velocity aircraft rocket The High Velocity Aircraft Rocket, or HVAR, also known by the nickname Holy Moses, was an American unguided rocket developed during World War II to attack targets on the ground from aircraft... on twin launcher 1x ARS-212 unguided rocket 1x PTB-400 |
n/a | n/a |
| MiG-21F | 1st 30: 1x NR-30 + 2x NR-23 Rest: 2x NR-30 w 60 rpg |
1x PTB-400 | 1x S-21 Ovod-M HVAR 1x S-24 HVAR 1x OFAB-100-120 HE-Frag bomb 1x FAB-100/250/500 1x ZB-360 napalm Napalm Napalm is a thickening/gelling agent generally mixed with gasoline or a similar fuel for use in an incendiary device, primarily as an anti-personnel weapon... tank |
n/a |
| MiG-21F-13 | 1x NR-30 w 30 rds | 1x PTB-490 | 1x K-13/R-3S Vympel K-13 The K-13 is an short-range, infrared homing air-to-air missile developed by the Soviet Union. It is similar in appearance and function to the American AIM-9 Sidewinder from which it was reverse-engineered... AAM 1x UB-16-57U 1x S-24 HVAR 1x FAB-100/250/500 1x ZB-360 |
n/a |
| MiG-21PF/PFS | n/a | 1x PTB-490 | 1x K-13/R-3S 1x RS-2-US Kaliningrad K-5 The Kaliningrad K-5 , also known as RS-1U or product ShM, was an early Soviet air-to-air missile.-History:... AAM 1x UB-16-57U 1x FAB-100/250 |
n/a |
| MiG-21FL | n/a | 1x PTB-490 | 1x K-13/R-3S 1x UB-16-57U 1x FAB-100/250 |
n/a |
| MiG-21PFM | n/a | 1x PTB-490 1x GP-9 cannon pod w GSh-23-2 w 200 rds |
1x K-13/R-3S 1x RS-2-US 1x UB-16-57U 1x FAB-100/250 1x Kh-66 ASM |
n/a |
| MiG-21R | n/a | 1x PTB-490/PTB-800 800L drop tank Type D daylight PHOTINT pod Type N nighttime PHOTINT pod Type R ELINT pod Type T TV pod SPRD-99 JATO JATO JATO is an acronym for jet-fuel assisted take off. It is a system for helping overloaded aircraft into the air by providing additional thrust in the form of small rockets.... booster |
1x R-3S 1x RS-2-US 1x UB-16-57UM 1x S-24 1x FAB-100/250/500/OFAB-100 1x ZB-500 napalm tank 1x Kh-66 |
1x PTB-490 1x UB-16-57UM 1x FAB-100/250/OFAB-100 1x S-24 |
| MiG-21S | n/a | 1x PTB-490/PTB-800 1x GP-9 cannon pod 1x SPRD-99 |
1x R-3R/R-3S 1x RS-2-US 1x Kh-66 1x UB-16-57UM 1x S-24 1x FAB-100/250/500/OFAB-100 1x ZB-500 |
1x PTB-490 1x R-3R/R-3S 1x UB-16-57UM 1x OFAB-100/FAB-100/250 1x S-24 |
| MiG-21SN | 1x PTB-490/PTB-800 1x GP-9 cannon pod 1x SPRD-99 1x RN-25 tactical nuclear bomb |
1x R-3R/R-3S 1x RS-2-US 1x Kh-66 1x UB-16-57UM 1x S-24 1x FAB-100/250/500/OFAB-100 1x ZB-500 |
1x PTB-490 1x R-3R/R-3S 1x UB-16-57UM 1x OFAB-100/FAB-100/250 1x S-24 |
n/a |
| MiG-21M | 1x GSh-23-2L w 200 rds | 1x PTB-490/PTB-800 1x SPRD-99 |
1x R-3S 1x RS-2-US 1x Kh-66 1x UB-16-57U 1x S-24 1x FAB-100/250/500/OFAB-100 |
1x R-3S 1x RS-2-US 1x Kh-66 1x UB-16-57U 1x S-24 1x FAB-100/250/500/OFAB-100 1x PTB-490 |
| MiG-21SM | 1x GSh-23-2L w 200 rds | 1x PTB-490/PTB-800 1x SPRD-99 |
1x R-3S/R-3R 1x UB-16-57/UB-32 1x FAB-100/250/500/OFAB-100 1x ZB-360 1x Kh-66 1x S-24 |
1x R-3S/R-3R 1x UB-16-57/UB-32 1x FAB-100/250/500/OFAB-100 1x ZB-360 1x Kh-66 1x S-24 1x PTB-490 |
| MiG-21MF/MT | 1x GSh-23-2L w 200 rds | 1x PTB-490/PTB-800 1x SPRD-99 |
1x R-3S 1x Kh-66 1x UB-16-57U 1x S-24 1x FAB-100/250/500/OFAB-100 |
1x R-3S 2x R-60 Molniya R-60 The Molniya R-60 is a lightweight air-to-air missile designed for use by Soviet fighter aircraft. It has been widely exported, and remains in service with the CIS and many other nations.... AAM on twin rail 1x Kh-66 1x UB-16-57U 1x S-24 1x FAB-100/250/500/OFAB-100 1x PTB-490 |
| MiG-21SMT/ST | 1x GSh-23-2L w 200 rds | 1x PTB-490/PTB-800 1x SPRD-99 |
1x R-3S/R-3R 1x Kh-66 1x UB-16-57U 1x S-24 1x FAB-100/250/500/OFAB-100 |
1x R-3S/R-3R 2x R-60 Molniya R-60 The Molniya R-60 is a lightweight air-to-air missile designed for use by Soviet fighter aircraft. It has been widely exported, and remains in service with the CIS and many other nations.... AAM on twin rail 1x Kh-66 1x UB-16-57U 1x S-24 1x FAB-100/250/500/OFAB-100 1x PTB-490 |
| MiG-21bis | 1x GSh-23-2L w 200 rds | 1x PTB-490/PTB-800 1x SPRD-99 |
1x R-3S/R-3R/R-13M 1x R-55 AAM 1x Kh-66 1x UB-16-57U 1x S-24 1x FAB-100/250/500/OFAB-100 |
1x R-3S/R-3R/R-13M 1x R-55 2x R-60/R-60M on twin rail 1x Kh-66 1x UB-16-57U 1x S-24 1x FAB-100/250/500/OFAB-100 1x PTB-490 |
| MiG-21bis-D/LanceR | 1x GSh-23-2L w 200 rds | 1x PTB-490/PTB-800 1x SPRD-99 1x LITENING laser designator 1x recce pod |
1x R-3S 1x Python 3 AAM 1x AIM-9 AIM-9 Sidewinder The AIM-9 Sidewinder is a heat-seeking, short-range, air-to-air missile carried mostly by fighter aircraft and recently, certain gunship helicopters. The missile entered service with United States Air Force in the early 1950s, and variants and upgrades remain in active service with many air forces... AAM 1x Kh-66 1x UB-16-57U 1x S-24 1x FAB-100/250/500/OFAB-100 1x Mk82/Mk84 LGB Laser-guided bomb A laser-guided bomb is a guided bomb that uses semi-active laser homing to strike a designated target with greater accuracy than an unguided bomb. LGBs are one of the most common and widespread guided bombs, used by a large number of the world's air forces.- Overview :Laser-guided munitions use a... |
1x R-3S 1x Python 3 AAM 1x AIM-9 AIM-9 Sidewinder The AIM-9 Sidewinder is a heat-seeking, short-range, air-to-air missile carried mostly by fighter aircraft and recently, certain gunship helicopters. The missile entered service with United States Air Force in the early 1950s, and variants and upgrades remain in active service with many air forces... AAM 2x R-60 Molniya R-60 The Molniya R-60 is a lightweight air-to-air missile designed for use by Soviet fighter aircraft. It has been widely exported, and remains in service with the CIS and many other nations.... AAM on twin rail 1x Kh-66 1x UB-16-57U 1x S-24 1x FAB-100/250/500/OFAB-100 1x PTB-490 |
| MiG-21-93 | 1x GSh-23-2L w 200 rds | 1x PTB-490/PTB-800 1x SPRD-99 |
1x R-3S/R-3R/R-13M 1x R-27R1 AAM 1x R-55 AAM 1x R-73 Vympel R-73 The Vympel R-73 developed by Vympel machine-building design bureau, is the most modern Russian short-range air-to-air missile.-Development:... AAM 1x R-77 Vympel R-77 The Russian R-77 Missile is a medium range, air-to-air, active radar-guided missile system. It is the Russian counterpart to the American AIM-120 AMRAAM missile, thus gaining a nickname: Amraamski.... AAM 1x Kh-25MP Kh-25 The Kh-25/Kh-25M is a family of Soviet lightweight air-to-ground missiles with a modular range of guidance systems and a range of 10 km. The anti-radar variant is known to NATO as the AS-12 'Kegler and has a range up to 40 km. Designed by Zvezda-Strela, the Kh-25 is derived from the... ASM 1x Kh-31A Kh-31 The Kh-31 is a Russian air-to-surface missile carried by aircraft such as the MiG-29 or Su-27. It is a sea skimming cruise missile with a range of or more and capable of Mach 3.5, the first supersonic anti-ship missile that could be launched by tactical aircraft.There are several variants, it is... /Kh-31P ASM 1x Kh-66 1x UB-16-57U 1x S-24 1x FAB-100/250/500/OFAB-100 1x KAB-500Kr LGB |
1x R-3S/R-3R/R-13M 1x R-27R1 1x R-55 1x R-73 1x R-77 2x R-60/R-60M on twin rail 1x Kh-25MP 1x Kh-31A/Kh-31P 1x Kh-66 1x UB-16-57U 1x S-24 1x FAB-100/250/500/OFAB-100 1x KAB-500Kr LGB 1x PTB-490 |
| MiG-21 Bison | 1x GSh-23-2L w 200 rds | 1x PTB-490/PTB-800 1x SPRD-99 |
1x R-3S/R-3R/R-13M 1x R-27R1/R-27T1 AAM 1x R-55 AAM 1x R-73E AAM 1x R-77 AAM 1x Kh-25MP 1x Kh-66 1x UB-16-57U 1x S-24 1x FAB-100/250/500/OFAB-100 1x KAB-500Kr LGB |
1x R-3S/R-3R/R-13M 1x R-27R1 1x R-55 1x R-73E 1x R-77 2x R-60/R-60M on twin rail 1x Kh-25MP 1x Kh-66 1x UB-16-57U 1x S-24 1x FAB-100/250/500/OFAB-100 1x KAB-500Kr LGB 1x PTB-490 |
Avionics
| Model | Radio Radio Radio is the transmission of signals through free space by modulation of electromagnetic waves with frequencies below those of visible light. Electromagnetic radiation travels by means of oscillating electromagnetic fields that pass through the air and the vacuum of space... | IFF Identification friend or foe In telecommunications, identification, friend or foe is an identification system designed for command and control. It is a system that enables military and national interrogation systems to identify aircraft, vehicles, or forces as friendly and to determine their bearing and range from the... | ADF* | RWR | Gunsight | Radar Radar Radar is an object-detection system which uses radio waves to determine the range, altitude, direction, or speed of objects. It can be used to detect aircraft, ships, spacecraft, guided missiles, motor vehicles, weather formations, and terrain. The radar dish or antenna transmits pulses of radio... ** | ATC Air traffic control Air traffic control is a service provided by ground-based controllers who direct aircraft on the ground and in the air. The primary purpose of ATC systems worldwide is to separate aircraft to prevent collisions, to organize and expedite the flow of traffic, and to provide information and other... Transponder Transponder In telecommunication, the term transponder has the following meanings:... | GCI Ground-controlled interception Ground-controlled interception an air defense tactic whereby one or more radar stations are linked to a command communications centre which guides interceptor aircraft to an airborne target. This tactic was pioneered during World War II by the Royal Air Force with the Luftwaffe to follow closely... Cmd Link | Radionav System SHORAN SHORAN is an acronym for SHOrt RAnge Navigation, a type of electronic navigation and bombing system with a precision radar beacon used in the B-26 and B-29 bomber aircraft during the Korean War.-Origin:... |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| MiG-21 (izd. 65) | RSIU-4V Klyon | SRO-2 Khrom | ARK-5 Amur | SPO-2 Sirena-2 | ASP-5N-V3 | SRD-1M Konus* | SOD-57 Globus | Gorizont-1V | – |
| MiG-21F (izd. 72) | R-800 | SRO-2 Khrom | ARK-54N | SPO-2 Sirena-2 | ASP-5NV-UI | SRD-5MN Baza-6* | SOD-57 Globus | Gorizont-1V? | – |
| MiG-21F-13 (izd. 74) | R-802 | SRO-2 Khrom | ARK-10 | SPO-2 Sirena-2 | ASP-5ND | SRD-5ND Kvant* | SOD-57M Globus-2 | Gorizont-1V? | – |
| MiG-21PF (izd. 76) | RSIU-5V | SRZO-2 Khrom-Nikel' | ARK-54I | SPO-2 Sirena-2 | PKI | RP-9-21 (batch 1–6); RP-21 RP 21 Sapfir Spin Scan-A The RP-21 Sapfir was a radar system, developed by the Soviet Union for use in the updated MiG-21PF fighter, and later versions of the MiG-21.... (7 on) |
SOD-57M Globus-2 | ARL-S Lazur' | – |
| MiG-21PF (izd. 76A) | RSIU-5 | SRO-2 Khrom | ARK-10* | SPO-2 Sirena-2 | PKI | RP-9-21 | SOD-57M Globus-2 | ARL-S Lazur' | – |
| MiG-21FL (izd. 77) | RSIU-5G | SRO-1 | ARK-10* | SPO-2 Sirena-2 | PKI | R1L | SOD-57M Globus-2 | ? | – |
| MiG-21PFM (izd. 94) | RSIU-5V | SRZO-2M Khrom-Nikel' | ARK-10 | SPO-2 Sirena-2 | PKI | RP-21M | SOD-57M Globus-2 | ARL-S Lazur' | Iskra |
| MiG-21PFM (izd. 94A) | RSIU-5 | SRZO-2 Khrom-Nikel' | ARK-10* | SPO-2 Sirena-2 | PKI | RP-21MA | SOD-57M Globus-2 | ARL-S Lazur' | Iskra |
| MiG-21R (izd. 03/94R) | RSIU-5V | SRZO-2M Khrom-Nikel' | ARK-10 | SPO-3 Sirena-3 | PKI | RP-21M | SOD-57M Globus-2 | ARL-S Lazur' | Iskra |
| MiG-21R (izd. 94RA) | RSIU-5 | SRZO-2 Khrom-Nikel' | ARK-10 | SPO-3 Sirena-3 | PKI | RP-21MA | SOD-57M Globus-2 | ARL-S Lazur' | Iskra |
| MiG-21S/SN (izd. 95/95N) | RSIU-5V | SRZO-2M Khrom-Nikel' | ARK-10 | SPO-10 | ASP-PF-21 | RP-22 (Sapfir-22) | SOD-57M Globus-2 | ARL-S Lazur-M | ? |
| MiG-21M (izd. 96) | RSIU-5 | SRZO-2 Khrom-Nikel' | ARK-10 | SPO-3 Sirena-3M | ASP-PFD | RP-21MA | SOD-57M Globus-2 | ARL-S Lazur | ? |
| MiG-21SM (izd. 95M/15) | RSIU-5V | SRZO-2M Khrom-Nikel' | ARK-10 | SPO-10 | ASP-PFD | RP-22 | SOD-57M Globus-2 | ARL-S Lazur-M | ? |
| MiG-21bis (PVO Soviet Anti-Air Defense The Soviet Air Defence Forces was the air defense branch of the Soviet Armed Forces. It continued being a service branch of the Armed Forces of the Russian Federation from 1991 to 1998. Unlike Western air defense forces, V-PVO was a branch of the military unto itself, separate from the Soviet... ; izd. 75) |
RSIU-5V | SRZO-2M Khrom-Nikel' | ARK-10 | SPO-10 | ASP-PFD-M | RP-22M | SOD-57M Globus-2 | ARL-S Lazur-M | none? |
| MiG-21bis (VVS Soviet Air Force The Soviet Air Force, officially known in Russian as Военно-воздушные силы or Voenno-Vozdushnye Sily and often abbreviated VVS was the official designation of one of the air forces of the Soviet Union. The other was the Soviet Air Defence Forces... ; izd. 75) |
RSIU-5V | SRZO-2M Khrom-Nikel' | ARK-10 | SPO-10 | ASP-PFD-M | RP-22M | SOD-57M Globus-2 | none | RSBN-4N |
| MiG-21bis (izd. 75A) | RSIU-5 | SRZO-2 Khrom-Nikel' | ARK-10 | SPO-3 Sirena-3M | ASP-PFD | RP-21M | SOD-57M Globus-2 | ARL-S Lazur-M | none? |
| MiG-21bis (izd. 75B) | RSIU-5 | SRZO-2 Khrom-Nikel' | ARK-10 | SPO-3 Sirena-3M" | ASP-PFD | RP-21M | SOD-57M Globus-2 | none | RSBN-2N |
Notes to table:
General Specifications of MiG-21 variants are listed below:-
Specifications (Mikoyan-Gurevich MiG-21PFM)
Specifications (Mikoyan-Gurevich MiG-21bis)
Specifications (Mikoyan-Gurevich MiG-21-93)
Further reading
- Anderton, David A. North American F-100 Super Sabre. Oxford, UK: Osprey Publishing Limited, 1987. ISBN 0-85045-622-2.
- Boniface, Roger. Fighter Pilots of North Vietnam: An Account of their Combats 1965 to 1975. Gamlingay, Sandy, UK: Authors On Line, 2005. ISBN 978-0-7552-0203-4.
- Gordon, Yefim. Mikoyan-Gurevich MiG-15: The Soviet Union's Long-Lived Korean War Fighter. Hinckley: Midland, 2001. ISBN 1-85780-105-9.
- Gordon, Yefim. Mikoyan MiG-21 (Famous Russian aircraft). Hinckley: Midland, 2008. ISBN 978-1-85780-257-3.
- Herzog, Chaim. The War of Atonement. Boston: Little Brown and Company, 1975. ISBN 0-316-35900-9.
- Michel III, Marshall L. Clashes; Air Combat Over North Vietnam 1965–1972. Annapolis, MD: Naval Institute Press, 1997, 2007. ISBN 1-59114-519-8.
- Michel III, Marshall L. The 11 days of Christmas. New York: Encounter Books, 2002. ISBN 1-893554-27-9.
- Pollack, Kenneth M. Arabs at War: Military Effectiveness, 1948-1991 London: Bison Books, 2004. ISBN 0-8032-8783-6.
- Toperczer, István. MiG-21 Units of the Vietnam War (Osprey Combat Aircraft, 29). Oxford: Osprey Pub, 2001. ISBN 1-84176-263-6.
External links
- List of all MiG-21 fighters used by Polish Air Force
- MiG-21.de
- MIG-21 Fishbed from Russian Military Analysis
- MiG-21 FISHBED from Global Security.org
- MiG-21 Fishbed from Global Aircraft
- Cuban MiG-21
- Cuban MiG-21 in Angola
- Aviation forum to which members have contributed photographs of MiG-21s
- Warbird Alley: MiG-21 page – Information about privately-owned MiG-21s
- African flown MiGs, including the MiG-21
- Mig Alley USA, Aviation Classics, Ltd Reno, NV
- [czech MiG-21 http://www.czechairspotters.com/search.php?generic_type=t1]