Minuscule 124
Encyclopedia
Minuscule 124 ε 1211 (Von Soden numbering), is a Greek minuscule manuscript
of the New Testament
, on 188 thick parchment leaves (24.5 by 17.5 cm). Palaeographically
it has been assigned to the 11th century. It has marginalia
.
s with only one lacunae
(Luke 23:31-24:28). The text is written in two columns per page, 25-28 lines per page. The initial letters are written in red and blue.
It was corrected by the first hand.
The text is divided according to the (chapters), whose numbers are given at the margin, with their (titles of chapters) at the top of the pages. There is also a division according to the smaller Ammonian Sections with references to the Eusebian Canons (written below Ammonian Section numbers), and the harmony written at the bottom.
It contains the Epistula ad Carpianum
, Eusebian Canon tables at the beginning, lists of the (tables of contents) before each Gospel, synaxaria, and Menologion.
According to the colophon
Gospel of Matthew
was written in Hebrew 8 years after Lord's Ascension, that Mark
was written in Latin 10 years after the Ascension, Luke
, in Greek, 15 years after, and John
32 years after.
is transferred to follow after Matthew 26:39. The pericope de adulterae (John 7:53-8:11) is not placed in the Fourth Gospel, but after Luke 21:38.
The Greek text of this codex is a representative of the Caesarean text-type
. Kurt Aland
placed it in Category III. It belongs to the textual family – Ferrar Group. According to the Claremont Profile Method it is a weak member of the Ferrar Family.
The manuscript was considered by Birch as the best of the Vienna codices.
. According to Scrivener
"the manuscript was written in Calabria, where it belonged to a certain Leo [i.e. Leo "Hamartolos"], and was brought to Vienna probably in 1564". The person responsible for bringing it to Vienna was Sambucus, the imperial librarian. It once belonged to Zacharias of Taranto.
The manuscript was added to the list of New Testament manuscripts by Griesbach
. It was examined by Treschow, Alter
, Birch, Ferrar
, Abbott
, C. R. Gregory (1887), and Kirsopp
& Silva Lake. Alter used it in his edition of the Greek text of the New Testament. It was collated by Ferrar. J. Rendel Harris
found some affinities with the Old Syriac version.
Currently the codex is located at the Austrian National Library
(Theol. Gr. 188) at Vienna
.
Manuscript
A manuscript or handwrite is written information that has been manually created by someone or some people, such as a hand-written letter, as opposed to being printed or reproduced some other way...
of the New Testament
New Testament
The New Testament is the second major division of the Christian biblical canon, the first such division being the much longer Old Testament....
, on 188 thick parchment leaves (24.5 by 17.5 cm). Palaeographically
Palaeography
Palaeography, also spelt paleography is the study of ancient writing. Included in the discipline is the practice of deciphering, reading, and dating historical manuscripts, and the cultural context of writing, including the methods with which writing and books were produced, and the history of...
it has been assigned to the 11th century. It has marginalia
Marginalia
Marginalia are scribbles, comments, and illuminations in the margins of a book.- Biblical manuscripts :Biblical manuscripts have liturgical notes at the margin, for liturgical use. Numbers of texts' divisions are given at the margin...
.
Description
The codex contains the text of the four GospelGospel
A gospel is an account, often written, that describes the life of Jesus of Nazareth. In a more general sense the term "gospel" may refer to the good news message of the New Testament. It is primarily used in reference to the four canonical gospels of Matthew, Mark, Luke, and John...
s with only one lacunae
Lacuna (manuscripts)
A lacunaPlural lacunae. From Latin lacūna , diminutive form of lacus . is a gap in a manuscript, inscription, text, painting, or a musical work...
(Luke 23:31-24:28). The text is written in two columns per page, 25-28 lines per page. The initial letters are written in red and blue.
It was corrected by the first hand.
The text is divided according to the (chapters), whose numbers are given at the margin, with their (titles of chapters) at the top of the pages. There is also a division according to the smaller Ammonian Sections with references to the Eusebian Canons (written below Ammonian Section numbers), and the harmony written at the bottom.
It contains the Epistula ad Carpianum
Epistula ad Carpianum
The Epistula ad Carpianum is the title traditionally given to a letter from Eusebius of Caesarea to a Christian named Carpianus....
, Eusebian Canon tables at the beginning, lists of the (tables of contents) before each Gospel, synaxaria, and Menologion.
According to the colophon
Colophon (publishing)
In publishing, a colophon is either:* A brief description of publication or production notes relevant to the edition, in modern books usually located at the reverse of the title page, but can also sometimes be located at the end of the book, or...
Gospel of Matthew
Gospel of Matthew
The Gospel According to Matthew is one of the four canonical gospels, one of the three synoptic gospels, and the first book of the New Testament. It tells of the life, ministry, death, and resurrection of Jesus of Nazareth...
was written in Hebrew 8 years after Lord's Ascension, that Mark
Gospel of Mark
The Gospel According to Mark , commonly shortened to the Gospel of Mark or simply Mark, is the second book of the New Testament. This canonical account of the life of Jesus of Nazareth is one of the three synoptic gospels. It was thought to be an epitome, which accounts for its place as the second...
was written in Latin 10 years after the Ascension, Luke
Gospel of Luke
The Gospel According to Luke , commonly shortened to the Gospel of Luke or simply Luke, is the third and longest of the four canonical Gospels. This synoptic gospel is an account of the life and ministry of Jesus of Nazareth. It details his story from the events of his birth to his Ascension.The...
, in Greek, 15 years after, and John
Gospel of John
The Gospel According to John , commonly referred to as the Gospel of John or simply John, and often referred to in New Testament scholarship as the Fourth Gospel, is an account of the public ministry of Jesus...
32 years after.
Text
The text of the Luke 22:43-44Christ's agony at Gethsemane
Christ's agony at Gethsemane is a passage in the Gospel of Luke , describing a prayer of Jesus, after which he receives strength from an angel, on the Mount of Olives prior to his betrayal and arrest...
is transferred to follow after Matthew 26:39. The pericope de adulterae (John 7:53-8:11) is not placed in the Fourth Gospel, but after Luke 21:38.
The Greek text of this codex is a representative of the Caesarean text-type
Caesarean text-type
Caesarean text-type is the term proposed by certain scholars to denote a consistent pattern of variant readings that is claimed to be apparent in certain Greek manuscripts of the four Gospels, but which is not found in any of the other commonly recognized New Testament text-types; the Byzantine...
. Kurt Aland
Kurt Aland
Kurt Aland was a German Theologian and Professor of New Testament Research and Church History. He founded the Institut für neutestamentliche Textforschung in Münster and served as its first director for many years...
placed it in Category III. It belongs to the textual family – Ferrar Group. According to the Claremont Profile Method it is a weak member of the Ferrar Family.
The manuscript was considered by Birch as the best of the Vienna codices.
History
The manuscript was written in southern CalabriaCalabria
Calabria , in antiquity known as Bruttium, is a region in southern Italy, south of Naples, located at the "toe" of the Italian Peninsula. The capital city of Calabria is Catanzaro....
. According to Scrivener
Frederick Henry Ambrose Scrivener
The Reverend Frederick Henry Ambrose Scrivener, LL.D. was an important text critic of the New Testament and a member of the English New Testament Revision Committee which produced the Revised Version of the Bible...
"the manuscript was written in Calabria, where it belonged to a certain Leo [i.e. Leo "Hamartolos"], and was brought to Vienna probably in 1564". The person responsible for bringing it to Vienna was Sambucus, the imperial librarian. It once belonged to Zacharias of Taranto.
The manuscript was added to the list of New Testament manuscripts by Griesbach
Johann Jakob Griesbach
Johann Jakob Griesbach , German biblical textual critic, was born at Butzbach, a small town in the state of Hesse, where his father, Konrad Kaspar , was pastor...
. It was examined by Treschow, Alter
Francis Karl Alter
Francis Karl Alter , a Jesuit, born in Silesia, and professor of Greek at Vienna, was an editor of the Greek text of the New Testament. His edition was different from those of Mill, Wettstein, and Griesbach, because he used only the manuscripts housed at the Imperial Library at Vienna...
, Birch, Ferrar
William Hugh Ferrar
William Hugh Ferrar , Latinist, a classical Irish scholar at Dublin University.Ferrar in 1868 discovered that four medieval manuscripts, namely minuscules 13, 69, 124, and 346, were closely related texts. They are descendants of an archetype from Calabria in southern Italy or Sicily. Now they are...
, Abbott
Thomas Kingsmill Abbott
Thomas Kingsmill Abbott was an Irish scholar and educator. He was born in Dublin and was educated at Trinity College. He took his degree in 1851 and was made a fellow of the college in 1854. He obtained an M.A. and a D...
, C. R. Gregory (1887), and Kirsopp
Kirsopp Lake
Kirsopp Lake was a New Testament scholar and Winn Professor of Ecclesiastical History at Harvard Divinity School. He had an uncommon breadth of interests, publishing definitive monographs in New Testament textual criticism, Greek palaeography, theology, and archaeology...
& Silva Lake. Alter used it in his edition of the Greek text of the New Testament. It was collated by Ferrar. J. Rendel Harris
J. Rendel Harris
James Rendel Harris was an English biblical scholar and curator of manuscripts, who was instrumental in bringing back to light many Syriac Scriptures and other early documents...
found some affinities with the Old Syriac version.
Currently the codex is located at the Austrian National Library
Austrian National Library
The Austrian National Library , is the largest library in Austria, with 7.4 million items in its collections. It is located in the Hofburg Palace in Vienna; since 2005 some of the collections are located in the baroque Palais Mollard-Clary...
(Theol. Gr. 188) at Vienna
Vienna
Vienna is the capital and largest city of the Republic of Austria and one of the nine states of Austria. Vienna is Austria's primary city, with a population of about 1.723 million , and is by far the largest city in Austria, as well as its cultural, economic, and political centre...
.
See also
- List of New Testament minuscules
- Biblical manuscripts
- Family 13Family 13Family 13, also known Ferrar Group , is a group of Greek Gospel manuscripts, varying in date from the 11th to the 15th century, which display a distinctive pattern of variant readings — especially in placing the story of Jesus and the woman taken in adultery in the Gospel of Luke, rather than in...
Further reading
- W. H. FerrarWilliam Hugh FerrarWilliam Hugh Ferrar , Latinist, a classical Irish scholar at Dublin University.Ferrar in 1868 discovered that four medieval manuscripts, namely minuscules 13, 69, 124, and 346, were closely related texts. They are descendants of an archetype from Calabria in southern Italy or Sicily. Now they are...
, "A Collation of Four Important Manuscripts of the GospelsA Collation of Four Important Manuscripts of the GospelsA Collation of Four Important Manuscripts of the Gospels, full title: A Collation of Four Important Manuscripts of the Gospels: With a View to Prove Their Common Origin, and to Restore the Text of Their Archetype. The book was published by in the year 1877 by T. K...
", ed. T. K. Abbott (Dublin: Macmillan & Co., 1877). - J. Rendel HarrisJ. Rendel HarrisJames Rendel Harris was an English biblical scholar and curator of manuscripts, who was instrumental in bringing back to light many Syriac Scriptures and other early documents...
, "On the Origin of the Ferrar Group" (Cambridge, 1893). - E. A. Hutton, "Excursus on the Ferrar Group", in "An Atlas of Textual Criticism" (Cambridge, 1911), pp. 49-53.
- Jacob Geerlings, "Singular Variants in 124", S & D XXI, pp. 108-111.
- Kirsopp and Silva Lake, Family 13 (The Ferrar Group). The Text according to Mark (London: Christophers, 1941), pp. 16-18.
- Hutter, Irmgard. Corpus der byzantinischen Miniaturenhandschriften. 5 vols. Stuttgart: Hiersemann, 1977-1997, 5:40-42.
External links
- Minuscule 124 at the Encyclopedia of Textual Criticism