Minuscule 158
Encyclopedia
Minuscule 158 ε 108 (Soden), is a Greek
minuscule manuscript
of the New Testament
, on parchment. Palaeographically
it has been assigned to the 11th century. It has marginalia
.
s on 236 parchment leaves (size ), with one small lacuna
. The text is written in one column per page, in 20 lines per page, in very small letters. Size of the text has only 5.8 cm by 4.2 cm. The Gospel of John is ending on 21:11.
The text is divided according to the (chapters), whose numbers are given at the margin, the (titles) at the top of the pages. There is also another division according to the smaller Ammonian Sections
(in Mark 234 – 16:9), with references to the Eusebian Canons (written below Ammonina
Section numbers).
It contains the Epistula ad Carpianum
, Eusebian Canon tables, tables of the (tables of contents) before each Gospel, lectionary markings (partial) for liturgical reading, pictures, and readings in the margin made by prima manu.
. Hermann von Soden classified it to the textual family Kx
. Kurt Aland
did not place it in any Category
.
According to the Claremont Profile Method it represents textual family Kx in Luke 1 and Luke 10. In Luke 20 it represents family Πa.
It lacks the text of Luke 22:43-44
.
It has some readings at the margin.
(1458-1464). It was examined and described by Birch (about 1782), Scholz, Duchesne
, and Henry Stevenson. C. R. Gregory saw it in 1886.
It is currently housed at the Vatican Library
(Reg. gr. Pii II 55), at Rome
.
Greek language
Greek is an independent branch of the Indo-European family of languages. Native to the southern Balkans, it has the longest documented history of any Indo-European language, spanning 34 centuries of written records. Its writing system has been the Greek alphabet for the majority of its history;...
minuscule manuscript
Manuscript
A manuscript or handwrite is written information that has been manually created by someone or some people, such as a hand-written letter, as opposed to being printed or reproduced some other way...
of the New Testament
New Testament
The New Testament is the second major division of the Christian biblical canon, the first such division being the much longer Old Testament....
, on parchment. Palaeographically
Palaeography
Palaeography, also spelt paleography is the study of ancient writing. Included in the discipline is the practice of deciphering, reading, and dating historical manuscripts, and the cultural context of writing, including the methods with which writing and books were produced, and the history of...
it has been assigned to the 11th century. It has marginalia
Marginalia
Marginalia are scribbles, comments, and illuminations in the margins of a book.- Biblical manuscripts :Biblical manuscripts have liturgical notes at the margin, for liturgical use. Numbers of texts' divisions are given at the margin...
.
Description
The codex contains the text of the four GospelGospel
A gospel is an account, often written, that describes the life of Jesus of Nazareth. In a more general sense the term "gospel" may refer to the good news message of the New Testament. It is primarily used in reference to the four canonical gospels of Matthew, Mark, Luke, and John...
s on 236 parchment leaves (size ), with one small lacuna
Lacuna (manuscripts)
A lacunaPlural lacunae. From Latin lacūna , diminutive form of lacus . is a gap in a manuscript, inscription, text, painting, or a musical work...
. The text is written in one column per page, in 20 lines per page, in very small letters. Size of the text has only 5.8 cm by 4.2 cm. The Gospel of John is ending on 21:11.
The text is divided according to the (chapters), whose numbers are given at the margin, the (titles) at the top of the pages. There is also another division according to the smaller Ammonian Sections
Ammonian Sections
Eusebian canons or Eusebian sections, also known as Ammonian Sections, are the system of dividing the four Gospels used between late Antiquity and the Middle Ages. The divisions into chapters and verses used in modern texts date only from the 13th and 16th centuries, respectively...
(in Mark 234 – 16:9), with references to the Eusebian Canons (written below Ammonina
Section numbers).
It contains the Epistula ad Carpianum
Epistula ad Carpianum
The Epistula ad Carpianum is the title traditionally given to a letter from Eusebius of Caesarea to a Christian named Carpianus....
, Eusebian Canon tables, tables of the (tables of contents) before each Gospel, lectionary markings (partial) for liturgical reading, pictures, and readings in the margin made by prima manu.
Text
The Greek text of the codex is a representative of the Byzantine text-typeByzantine text-type
The Byzantine text-type is one of several text-types used in textual criticism to describe the textual character of Greek New Testament manuscripts. It is the form found in the largest number of surviving manuscripts, though not in the oldest...
. Hermann von Soden classified it to the textual family Kx
Family Kx
Family Kx is a large group of the New Testament manuscripts. It belongs to the Byzantine text-type as one of the textual families of this group. It includes uncials, and although hundreds of minuscules, no early ones.- Description :...
. Kurt Aland
Kurt Aland
Kurt Aland was a German Theologian and Professor of New Testament Research and Church History. He founded the Institut für neutestamentliche Textforschung in Münster and served as its first director for many years...
did not place it in any Category
Categories of New Testament manuscripts
New Testament manuscripts in Greek are categorized into five groups, according to a scheme introduced in 1981 by Kurt and Barbara Aland in Der Text des Neuen Testaments. The categories are based on how each manuscript relates to the various text-types. Generally speaking, earlier Alexandrian...
.
According to the Claremont Profile Method it represents textual family Kx in Luke 1 and Luke 10. In Luke 20 it represents family Πa.
It lacks the text of Luke 22:43-44
Christ's agony at Gethsemane
Christ's agony at Gethsemane is a passage in the Gospel of Luke , describing a prayer of Jesus, after which he receives strength from an angel, on the Mount of Olives prior to his betrayal and arrest...
.
It has some readings at the margin.
History
The manuscript was given to the Library by Pope Pius IIPope Pius II
Pope Pius II, born Enea Silvio Piccolomini was Pope from August 19, 1458 until his death in 1464. Pius II was born at Corsignano in the Sienese territory of a noble but decayed family...
(1458-1464). It was examined and described by Birch (about 1782), Scholz, Duchesne
Louis Duchesne
Louis Marie Olivier Duchesne was a French priest, philologist, teacher and a critical historian of Christianity and Roman Catholic liturgy and institutions....
, and Henry Stevenson. C. R. Gregory saw it in 1886.
It is currently housed at the Vatican Library
Vatican Library
The Vatican Library is the library of the Holy See, currently located in Vatican City. It is one of the oldest libraries in the world and contains one of the most significant collections of historical texts. Formally established in 1475, though in fact much older, it has 75,000 codices from...
(Reg. gr. Pii II 55), at Rome
Rome
Rome is the capital of Italy and the country's largest and most populated city and comune, with over 2.7 million residents in . The city is located in the central-western portion of the Italian Peninsula, on the Tiber River within the Lazio region of Italy.Rome's history spans two and a half...
.
See also
- List of New Testament minuscules
- Biblical manuscriptBiblical manuscriptA biblical manuscript is any handwritten copy of a portion of the text of the Bible. The word Bible comes from the Greek biblia ; manuscript comes from Latin manu and scriptum...
- Textual criticismTextual criticismTextual criticism is a branch of literary criticism that is concerned with the identification and removal of transcription errors in the texts of manuscripts...
Further reading
- Louis DuchesneLouis DuchesneLouis Marie Olivier Duchesne was a French priest, philologist, teacher and a critical historian of Christianity and Roman Catholic liturgy and institutions....
, De codicibus Mss. Graecis Pii II in Bibliotheca Alexandrino-Vaticana, Paris 1880, p. 1-3, 30. - Henry Stevenson, Codices manuscripti Graeci Reginae Svecorum et Pii Pp. II. Bibliothecae Vaticanae, descripti praeside I.B. Cardinali Pitra, Romae 1888, p. 171.