Minuscule 165
Encyclopedia
Minuscule 165 ε 1320 (Soden), is a Greek
-Latin minuscule manuscript
of the New Testament
, on parchment. It is dated by its colophon
to the year 1292. It has complex contents. It has marginalia
.
s on 214 thick parchment leaves (size ). The text is written in two columns per page, in 33 lines per page.
The text is divided according to the (chapters), whose numbers are given at the margin, and their (titles of chapters) at the top of the page (partly from later hand). There is also another division according to the smaller Ammonian Sections
(in Mark 236 – 16:12), with references to the Eusebian Canons (written below Ammonian Section numbers).
It contains the Epistula ad Carpianum
, the Eusebian Canon tables at the beginning, tables of the (tables of contents) before each Gospel, and synaxaria.
. Hermann von Soden classified it to the textual family Kx
. Aland
did not place it in any Category
.
According to the Claremont Profile Method it represents textual family Kx
in Luke 10. In Luke 1 and Luke 20 it has mixture of the Byzantine text-families. It creates textual pair with Minuscule 176
, related to the group 22
.
The Pericope Adulterae (John 7:53-8:11) is marked by an obelus
.
. The subscription states that it was written by Romanus for one Archbishop Paul, and given to the Library by Eugenia, daughter of John Pontanus († 1503).
It was examined by Birch (about 1782), Scholz (1794-1852), Victor Gardthausen
. C. R. Gregory saw it in 1886.
It is currently housed at the Vatican Library
(Barb. gr. 541), at Rome
.
Greek language
Greek is an independent branch of the Indo-European family of languages. Native to the southern Balkans, it has the longest documented history of any Indo-European language, spanning 34 centuries of written records. Its writing system has been the Greek alphabet for the majority of its history;...
-Latin minuscule manuscript
Manuscript
A manuscript or handwrite is written information that has been manually created by someone or some people, such as a hand-written letter, as opposed to being printed or reproduced some other way...
of the New Testament
New Testament
The New Testament is the second major division of the Christian biblical canon, the first such division being the much longer Old Testament....
, on parchment. It is dated by its colophon
Colophon (publishing)
In publishing, a colophon is either:* A brief description of publication or production notes relevant to the edition, in modern books usually located at the reverse of the title page, but can also sometimes be located at the end of the book, or...
to the year 1292. It has complex contents. It has marginalia
Marginalia
Marginalia are scribbles, comments, and illuminations in the margins of a book.- Biblical manuscripts :Biblical manuscripts have liturgical notes at the margin, for liturgical use. Numbers of texts' divisions are given at the margin...
.
Description
The codex contains a complete text of the four GospelGospel
A gospel is an account, often written, that describes the life of Jesus of Nazareth. In a more general sense the term "gospel" may refer to the good news message of the New Testament. It is primarily used in reference to the four canonical gospels of Matthew, Mark, Luke, and John...
s on 214 thick parchment leaves (size ). The text is written in two columns per page, in 33 lines per page.
The text is divided according to the (chapters), whose numbers are given at the margin, and their (titles of chapters) at the top of the page (partly from later hand). There is also another division according to the smaller Ammonian Sections
Ammonian Sections
Eusebian canons or Eusebian sections, also known as Ammonian Sections, are the system of dividing the four Gospels used between late Antiquity and the Middle Ages. The divisions into chapters and verses used in modern texts date only from the 13th and 16th centuries, respectively...
(in Mark 236 – 16:12), with references to the Eusebian Canons (written below Ammonian Section numbers).
It contains the Epistula ad Carpianum
Epistula ad Carpianum
The Epistula ad Carpianum is the title traditionally given to a letter from Eusebius of Caesarea to a Christian named Carpianus....
, the Eusebian Canon tables at the beginning, tables of the (tables of contents) before each Gospel, and synaxaria.
Text
The Greek text of the codex is a representative of the Byzantine text-typeByzantine text-type
The Byzantine text-type is one of several text-types used in textual criticism to describe the textual character of Greek New Testament manuscripts. It is the form found in the largest number of surviving manuscripts, though not in the oldest...
. Hermann von Soden classified it to the textual family Kx
Family Kx
Family Kx is a large group of the New Testament manuscripts. It belongs to the Byzantine text-type as one of the textual families of this group. It includes uncials, and although hundreds of minuscules, no early ones.- Description :...
. Aland
Kurt Aland
Kurt Aland was a German Theologian and Professor of New Testament Research and Church History. He founded the Institut für neutestamentliche Textforschung in Münster and served as its first director for many years...
did not place it in any Category
Categories of New Testament manuscripts
New Testament manuscripts in Greek are categorized into five groups, according to a scheme introduced in 1981 by Kurt and Barbara Aland in Der Text des Neuen Testaments. The categories are based on how each manuscript relates to the various text-types. Generally speaking, earlier Alexandrian...
.
According to the Claremont Profile Method it represents textual family Kx
Family Kx
Family Kx is a large group of the New Testament manuscripts. It belongs to the Byzantine text-type as one of the textual families of this group. It includes uncials, and although hundreds of minuscules, no early ones.- Description :...
in Luke 10. In Luke 1 and Luke 20 it has mixture of the Byzantine text-families. It creates textual pair with Minuscule 176
Minuscule 176
Minuscule 176 , ε 301 , is a Greek minuscule manuscript of the New Testament, on parchment. Palaeographically it has been assigned to the 13th century...
, related to the group 22
Minuscule 22
Minuscule 22 , ε 288 , known also as Codex Colbertinus 2467. It is a Greek minuscule manuscript of the New Testament, written on vellum. Palaeographically it has been assigned to the 12th century. Formerly it was assigned to the 11th century...
.
The Pericope Adulterae (John 7:53-8:11) is marked by an obelus
Obelus
An obelus is a symbol consisting of a short horizontal line with a dot above and below. It is mainly used to represent the mathematical operation of division. It is therefore commonly referred to as the division sign.- History :The word "obelus" comes from the Greek word for a sharpened stick,...
.
History
The manuscript was probably written in CalabriaCalabria
Calabria , in antiquity known as Bruttium, is a region in southern Italy, south of Naples, located at the "toe" of the Italian Peninsula. The capital city of Calabria is Catanzaro....
. The subscription states that it was written by Romanus for one Archbishop Paul, and given to the Library by Eugenia, daughter of John Pontanus († 1503).
It was examined by Birch (about 1782), Scholz (1794-1852), Victor Gardthausen
Victor Gardthausen
Victor Emil Gardthausen was a German ancient historian, palaeographer, librarian, and Professor from Leipzig University. He was author and co-author of some books; editor of ancient texts.- Life :...
. C. R. Gregory saw it in 1886.
It is currently housed at the Vatican Library
Vatican Library
The Vatican Library is the library of the Holy See, currently located in Vatican City. It is one of the oldest libraries in the world and contains one of the most significant collections of historical texts. Formally established in 1475, though in fact much older, it has 75,000 codices from...
(Barb. gr. 541), at Rome
Rome
Rome is the capital of Italy and the country's largest and most populated city and comune, with over 2.7 million residents in . The city is located in the central-western portion of the Italian Peninsula, on the Tiber River within the Lazio region of Italy.Rome's history spans two and a half...
.
See also
- List of New Testament minuscules
- Biblical manuscriptBiblical manuscriptA biblical manuscript is any handwritten copy of a portion of the text of the Bible. The word Bible comes from the Greek biblia ; manuscript comes from Latin manu and scriptum...
- Textual criticismTextual criticismTextual criticism is a branch of literary criticism that is concerned with the identification and removal of transcription errors in the texts of manuscripts...
Further reading
- V. Gardthausen, in: Sitzungsbericht der Philosophisch-Historischen Classe der Sächsischen Gesellschaft der Wissenschaften 32 (Leipzig, 1880), pp. 73-78.
- Bruce M. Metzger, Manuscripts of Greek Bible: An Introduction to Greek Paleography, 1981, pp. 128-129.