Minuscule 227
Encyclopedia
Minuscule 227 ε 118 (Soden), is a Greek
minuscule manuscript
of the New Testament
, on parchment. Paleographically
it has been assigned to the 13th century. It has marginalia
.
s, on 158 parchment leaves (size ). The leaves are arranged in quarto
(four leaves in quire). The text is written in one column per page, 27 lines per page. Some leaves were dislocated by binder.
The text is divided according to the Ammonian Sections
, whose numbers are given at the margin, but references to the Eusebian Canons are absent.
It contains Prolegomena to the four Gospels, tables of the (tables of contents) before each Gospel, pictures. Many corrections were made by a later hand, which dates 1308.
It contains portraits of the four Evangelists.
. Hermann von Soden classified it to the K1
. Aland
placed it in Category V.
According to the Claremont Profile Method it represents textual family Kx
in Luke 1 and Luke 20. In Luke 10 no profile was made. It belongs to the textual cluster Ω.
The manuscript belonged to Pedro Hurtado de Mendoza
(1578–1651), along with minuscule 819
.
It was described by Daniel Gotthilf Moldenhawer
, who collated it about 1783 for Birch (Esc. 5). It was shortly described by Emmanuel Miller in 1848.
It is currently housed at the Escurial
(Cod. Escurialensis, X. III. 15).
Greek language
Greek is an independent branch of the Indo-European family of languages. Native to the southern Balkans, it has the longest documented history of any Indo-European language, spanning 34 centuries of written records. Its writing system has been the Greek alphabet for the majority of its history;...
minuscule manuscript
Manuscript
A manuscript or handwrite is written information that has been manually created by someone or some people, such as a hand-written letter, as opposed to being printed or reproduced some other way...
of the New Testament
New Testament
The New Testament is the second major division of the Christian biblical canon, the first such division being the much longer Old Testament....
, on parchment. Paleographically
Palaeography
Palaeography, also spelt paleography is the study of ancient writing. Included in the discipline is the practice of deciphering, reading, and dating historical manuscripts, and the cultural context of writing, including the methods with which writing and books were produced, and the history of...
it has been assigned to the 13th century. It has marginalia
Marginalia
Marginalia are scribbles, comments, and illuminations in the margins of a book.- Biblical manuscripts :Biblical manuscripts have liturgical notes at the margin, for liturgical use. Numbers of texts' divisions are given at the margin...
.
Description
The codex contains a complete text of the four GospelGospel
A gospel is an account, often written, that describes the life of Jesus of Nazareth. In a more general sense the term "gospel" may refer to the good news message of the New Testament. It is primarily used in reference to the four canonical gospels of Matthew, Mark, Luke, and John...
s, on 158 parchment leaves (size ). The leaves are arranged in quarto
Quarto
Quarto could refer to:* Quarto, a size or format of a book in which four leaves of a book are created from a standard size sheet of paper* For specific information about quarto texts of William Shakespeare's works, see:...
(four leaves in quire). The text is written in one column per page, 27 lines per page. Some leaves were dislocated by binder.
The text is divided according to the Ammonian Sections
Ammonian Sections
Eusebian canons or Eusebian sections, also known as Ammonian Sections, are the system of dividing the four Gospels used between late Antiquity and the Middle Ages. The divisions into chapters and verses used in modern texts date only from the 13th and 16th centuries, respectively...
, whose numbers are given at the margin, but references to the Eusebian Canons are absent.
It contains Prolegomena to the four Gospels, tables of the (tables of contents) before each Gospel, pictures. Many corrections were made by a later hand, which dates 1308.
It contains portraits of the four Evangelists.
Text
The Greek text of the codex is a representative of the Byzantine text-typeByzantine text-type
The Byzantine text-type is one of several text-types used in textual criticism to describe the textual character of Greek New Testament manuscripts. It is the form found in the largest number of surviving manuscripts, though not in the oldest...
. Hermann von Soden classified it to the K1
Family K1
Family K1 is a small group of the New Testament manuscripts. It belongs to the Byzantine text-type as one of the textual families of this group. It has five uncials, and several early minuscules. It is one of the smallest subfamilies of the Byzantine text-type, but one of the oldest.- Description...
. Aland
Kurt Aland
Kurt Aland was a German Theologian and Professor of New Testament Research and Church History. He founded the Institut für neutestamentliche Textforschung in Münster and served as its first director for many years...
placed it in Category V.
According to the Claremont Profile Method it represents textual family Kx
Family Kx
Family Kx is a large group of the New Testament manuscripts. It belongs to the Byzantine text-type as one of the textual families of this group. It includes uncials, and although hundreds of minuscules, no early ones.- Description :...
in Luke 1 and Luke 20. In Luke 10 no profile was made. It belongs to the textual cluster Ω.
History
A later hand, which dates from 1308, has been making corrections.The manuscript belonged to Pedro Hurtado de Mendoza
Pedro Hurtado de Mendoza
Pedro Hurtado de Mendoza was a Spanish philosopher and theologian. Man of wide knowledge on peripatetic philosophy, with 17 years joined Jesus's Company the School of Salamanca, where it received his scientific and ecclesiastic formation....
(1578–1651), along with minuscule 819
Minuscule 819 (Gregory-Aland)
Minuscule 819 , Θε420 , is a 14th-century Greek minuscule manuscript of the New Testament written on paper, with a commentary.- Description :...
.
It was described by Daniel Gotthilf Moldenhawer
Daniel Gotthilf Moldenhawer
Daniel Gotthilf Moldenhawer , was a German-Danish philologist, theologian, librarian, bibliophile, palaeographer, diplomat, and Bible translator.- Early life and education:...
, who collated it about 1783 for Birch (Esc. 5). It was shortly described by Emmanuel Miller in 1848.
It is currently housed at the Escurial
Escurial
Escurial is a village in Cáceres, Extremadura, Spain....
(Cod. Escurialensis, X. III. 15).
See also
- List of New Testament minuscules
- Biblical manuscriptBiblical manuscriptA biblical manuscript is any handwritten copy of a portion of the text of the Bible. The word Bible comes from the Greek biblia ; manuscript comes from Latin manu and scriptum...
- Textual criticismTextual criticismTextual criticism is a branch of literary criticism that is concerned with the identification and removal of transcription errors in the texts of manuscripts...
Further reading
- Emmanuel Miller, Catalogue des manuscrits grecs de la bibliothèque de l'Escurial (Paris 1848), p. 399.