Minuscule 399
Encyclopedia
Minuscule 399 ε94 (von Soden), is a Greek
minuscule manuscript
of the New Testament
, on parchment. Paleographically
it has been assigned to the 9th or 10th century.
s, on 214 parchment leaves . The text is written in one column per page, in 27 lines per page. It contains lectionary markings at the margin.
The texts of John 5:3.4 and Pericope Adulterae (John 7:53-8:11) are marked by an obelus
.
. Hermann von Soden classified it to the textual family K1
. Aland
placed it in Category V.
According to the Claremont Profile Method it represents textual family Kx
in Luke 10 and Luke 20. In Luke 1
it has a mixture of the Byzantine text-families.
The manuscript is currently housed at the National Library of Russia (Gr. 220) in Saint Petersburg
.
s: John
, Luke
, and Matthew
, on 220 parchment leaves . The text is written in one column per page, in 22 lines per page. It contains prolegomena, the tables of the (tables of contents) before each Gospel, numbers of Verses, and a commentary (of John Chrysostom
, in Luke of Bostra's
).
The order of Gospels is the same as in codex 90
.
It was examined and described by Giuseppe Passini (as 109). It was added to the list of New Testament manuscripts by Scholz (1794-1852),
who slightly examined it. Fenton Hort saw it in 1864. C. R. Gregory saw it in 1886. In 1908 Gregory removed it from the list of the New Testament manuscript, because it is rather a commentary than text and sometimes without text.
The manuscript is currently housed at the Turin National University Library
(C. II. 14) in Turin
.
Greek language
Greek is an independent branch of the Indo-European family of languages. Native to the southern Balkans, it has the longest documented history of any Indo-European language, spanning 34 centuries of written records. Its writing system has been the Greek alphabet for the majority of its history;...
minuscule manuscript
Manuscript
A manuscript or handwrite is written information that has been manually created by someone or some people, such as a hand-written letter, as opposed to being printed or reproduced some other way...
of the New Testament
New Testament
The New Testament is the second major division of the Christian biblical canon, the first such division being the much longer Old Testament....
, on parchment. Paleographically
Palaeography
Palaeography, also spelt paleography is the study of ancient writing. Included in the discipline is the practice of deciphering, reading, and dating historical manuscripts, and the cultural context of writing, including the methods with which writing and books were produced, and the history of...
it has been assigned to the 9th or 10th century.
Description
The codex contains text of the four GospelGospel
A gospel is an account, often written, that describes the life of Jesus of Nazareth. In a more general sense the term "gospel" may refer to the good news message of the New Testament. It is primarily used in reference to the four canonical gospels of Matthew, Mark, Luke, and John...
s, on 214 parchment leaves . The text is written in one column per page, in 27 lines per page. It contains lectionary markings at the margin.
The texts of John 5:3.4 and Pericope Adulterae (John 7:53-8:11) are marked by an obelus
Obelus
An obelus is a symbol consisting of a short horizontal line with a dot above and below. It is mainly used to represent the mathematical operation of division. It is therefore commonly referred to as the division sign.- History :The word "obelus" comes from the Greek word for a sharpened stick,...
.
Text
The Greek text of the codex is a representative of the Byzantine text-typeByzantine text-type
The Byzantine text-type is one of several text-types used in textual criticism to describe the textual character of Greek New Testament manuscripts. It is the form found in the largest number of surviving manuscripts, though not in the oldest...
. Hermann von Soden classified it to the textual family K1
Family K1
Family K1 is a small group of the New Testament manuscripts. It belongs to the Byzantine text-type as one of the textual families of this group. It has five uncials, and several early minuscules. It is one of the smallest subfamilies of the Byzantine text-type, but one of the oldest.- Description...
. Aland
Kurt Aland
Kurt Aland was a German Theologian and Professor of New Testament Research and Church History. He founded the Institut für neutestamentliche Textforschung in Münster and served as its first director for many years...
placed it in Category V.
According to the Claremont Profile Method it represents textual family Kx
Family Kx
Family Kx is a large group of the New Testament manuscripts. It belongs to the Byzantine text-type as one of the textual families of this group. It includes uncials, and although hundreds of minuscules, no early ones.- Description :...
in Luke 10 and Luke 20. In Luke 1
Luke 1
Luke 1 is the first chapter of the Gospel of Luke in the New Testament of the Christian Bible. It describes the events leading up to the birth of Jesus. It is written to Theophilus, who could be a real person or could simply mean a fellow Christian as theo philus is Greek for God lover...
it has a mixture of the Byzantine text-families.
History
The manuscript is dated to the 9th or 10th century. It was added to the list of New Testament manuscripts by Gregory in 1908.The manuscript is currently housed at the National Library of Russia (Gr. 220) in Saint Petersburg
Saint Petersburg
Saint Petersburg is a city and a federal subject of Russia located on the Neva River at the head of the Gulf of Finland on the Baltic Sea...
.
Scholz's 399
The codex contains incomplete text of the GospelGospel
A gospel is an account, often written, that describes the life of Jesus of Nazareth. In a more general sense the term "gospel" may refer to the good news message of the New Testament. It is primarily used in reference to the four canonical gospels of Matthew, Mark, Luke, and John...
s: John
Gospel of John
The Gospel According to John , commonly referred to as the Gospel of John or simply John, and often referred to in New Testament scholarship as the Fourth Gospel, is an account of the public ministry of Jesus...
, Luke
Gospel of Luke
The Gospel According to Luke , commonly shortened to the Gospel of Luke or simply Luke, is the third and longest of the four canonical Gospels. This synoptic gospel is an account of the life and ministry of Jesus of Nazareth. It details his story from the events of his birth to his Ascension.The...
, and Matthew
Gospel of Matthew
The Gospel According to Matthew is one of the four canonical gospels, one of the three synoptic gospels, and the first book of the New Testament. It tells of the life, ministry, death, and resurrection of Jesus of Nazareth...
, on 220 parchment leaves . The text is written in one column per page, in 22 lines per page. It contains prolegomena, the tables of the (tables of contents) before each Gospel, numbers of Verses, and a commentary (of John Chrysostom
John Chrysostom
John Chrysostom , Archbishop of Constantinople, was an important Early Church Father. He is known for his eloquence in preaching and public speaking, his denunciation of abuse of authority by both ecclesiastical and political leaders, the Divine Liturgy of St. John Chrysostom, and his ascetic...
, in Luke of Bostra's
Titus of Bostra
Titus of Bostra was a Christian theologian and bishop. Sozomen names Titus among the great men of the time of Constantius.-Life:...
).
The order of Gospels is the same as in codex 90
Minuscule 90
Minuscule 90 , δ 652 , known as Codex Jo. Fabri, is a Greek minuscule manuscript of the New Testament, on paper leaves. Palaeographically it has been assigned to the 16th century. It has full marginalia....
.
It was examined and described by Giuseppe Passini (as 109). It was added to the list of New Testament manuscripts by Scholz (1794-1852),
who slightly examined it. Fenton Hort saw it in 1864. C. R. Gregory saw it in 1886. In 1908 Gregory removed it from the list of the New Testament manuscript, because it is rather a commentary than text and sometimes without text.
The manuscript is currently housed at the Turin National University Library
Turin National University Library
The National University Library in Turin, Italy, is one of the country's main libraries.It was founded in 1720 as the Royal University Library by Victor Amadeus II, who unified collections from the library of the University of Turin and from the library of the Dukes of Savoy...
(C. II. 14) in Turin
Turin
Turin is a city and major business and cultural centre in northern Italy, capital of the Piedmont region, located mainly on the left bank of the Po River and surrounded by the Alpine arch. The population of the city proper is 909,193 while the population of the urban area is estimated by Eurostat...
.
See also
- List of New Testament minuscules
- Biblical manuscriptBiblical manuscriptA biblical manuscript is any handwritten copy of a portion of the text of the Bible. The word Bible comes from the Greek biblia ; manuscript comes from Latin manu and scriptum...
- Textual criticismTextual criticismTextual criticism is a branch of literary criticism that is concerned with the identification and removal of transcription errors in the texts of manuscripts...
Further reading
- Kurt TreuKurt TreuKurt Treu , German classical philologist, was a son of a German parson on the island Saaremaa, the largest island of Estonia. In 1940, because of World War II, the Treu family was forced to leave their homeland. Kurt Treu studied in a Gymnasium in Hohensalza. AS levels were studied by him after the...
, Die Griechischen Handschriften des Neuen Testaments in der UdSSR; eine systematische Auswertung des Texthandschriften in Leningrad, Moskau, Kiev, Odessa, Tbilisi und Erevan, T & U 90 (Berlin, 1966), pp. 88–90.