Minuscule 72
Encyclopedia
Minuscule 72 ε 110 (von Soden), is a Greek
minuscule manuscript
of the New Testament
, on parchment leaves. Palaeographically
it has been assigned to the 11th century. John Mill
called it Codex Ephesinus. The manuscript has complex contents with full marginalia
.
It is currently housed in at the British Library
(Harley 5647), at London
.
s on 268 leaves (size ). The text is written in one column per page, 22-24 lines per page in an elegant minuscule letters. The capital letters in red.
The text is divided according to the (chapters), whose numbers are given at the margin, (titles of chapters) at the top of the pages. There is also another division according to the smaller Ammonian Sections (Matthew 360, Mark 240 – 16:19; Luke 342, John 232), with references to the Eusebian Canons.
It contains the Epistle to Carpianum
, the tables of the (tables of contents) before each Gospel, portraits of the four Evangelists, lectionary markings at the margin (for liturgical use), and subscriptions at the end of each Gospel, with numbers of στιχοι
(in Mark). It is elegantly written. It has scholia in Matthew and two scholia in Mark (16:19.20).
It has various readings and personal notes in the margin of the codex written in Greek and Arabic. The text of Matthew is surrounded by a catena
(largely derived from the homilies of John Chrysostom
).
. Aland
did not place it in any Category. According to Hermann von Soden it is related to the Family Π. It was confirmed by Kirsopp Lake
. According to the Claremont Profile Method it represents family Πa in Luke 1 and family Kx
in Luke 10 and Luke 20.
It does not contain the Pericope Adulterae (John 7:53-8:11).
According to Arabic notes on a margin, the manuscript was later in the property of a Presbyter David, the son of Micheal the Metropolitan of Bosra. C. R. Gregory saw it in 1883.
It was examined by Wettstein
in 1731 and Griesbach
.
Greek language
Greek is an independent branch of the Indo-European family of languages. Native to the southern Balkans, it has the longest documented history of any Indo-European language, spanning 34 centuries of written records. Its writing system has been the Greek alphabet for the majority of its history;...
minuscule manuscript
Manuscript
A manuscript or handwrite is written information that has been manually created by someone or some people, such as a hand-written letter, as opposed to being printed or reproduced some other way...
of the New Testament
New Testament
The New Testament is the second major division of the Christian biblical canon, the first such division being the much longer Old Testament....
, on parchment leaves. Palaeographically
Palaeography
Palaeography, also spelt paleography is the study of ancient writing. Included in the discipline is the practice of deciphering, reading, and dating historical manuscripts, and the cultural context of writing, including the methods with which writing and books were produced, and the history of...
it has been assigned to the 11th century. John Mill
John Mill
John Mill was an English theologian. He is noted for his critical edition of the Greek New Testament which included notes on many variant readings.-Biography:...
called it Codex Ephesinus. The manuscript has complex contents with full marginalia
Marginalia
Marginalia are scribbles, comments, and illuminations in the margins of a book.- Biblical manuscripts :Biblical manuscripts have liturgical notes at the margin, for liturgical use. Numbers of texts' divisions are given at the margin...
.
It is currently housed in at the British Library
British Library
The British Library is the national library of the United Kingdom, and is the world's largest library in terms of total number of items. The library is a major research library, holding over 150 million items from every country in the world, in virtually all known languages and in many formats,...
(Harley 5647), at London
London
London is the capital city of :England and the :United Kingdom, the largest metropolitan area in the United Kingdom, and the largest urban zone in the European Union by most measures. Located on the River Thames, London has been a major settlement for two millennia, its history going back to its...
.
Description
The codex contains complete text of the four GospelGospel
A gospel is an account, often written, that describes the life of Jesus of Nazareth. In a more general sense the term "gospel" may refer to the good news message of the New Testament. It is primarily used in reference to the four canonical gospels of Matthew, Mark, Luke, and John...
s on 268 leaves (size ). The text is written in one column per page, 22-24 lines per page in an elegant minuscule letters. The capital letters in red.
The text is divided according to the (chapters), whose numbers are given at the margin, (titles of chapters) at the top of the pages. There is also another division according to the smaller Ammonian Sections (Matthew 360, Mark 240 – 16:19; Luke 342, John 232), with references to the Eusebian Canons.
It contains the Epistle to Carpianum
Epistula ad Carpianum
The Epistula ad Carpianum is the title traditionally given to a letter from Eusebius of Caesarea to a Christian named Carpianus....
, the tables of the (tables of contents) before each Gospel, portraits of the four Evangelists, lectionary markings at the margin (for liturgical use), and subscriptions at the end of each Gospel, with numbers of στιχοι
Stichometry
Stichometry is a term applied to the measurement of ancient texts by στίχοι or verses of a fixed standard length.It was the custom of the Greeks and Romans to estimate the length of their literary works by measured lines...
(in Mark). It is elegantly written. It has scholia in Matthew and two scholia in Mark (16:19.20).
It has various readings and personal notes in the margin of the codex written in Greek and Arabic. The text of Matthew is surrounded by a catena
Catena (Biblical commentary)
A catena is a form of biblical commentary, verse by verse, made up entirely of excerpts from earlier Biblical commentators, each introduced with the name of the author, and with such minor adjustments of words to allow the whole to form a continuous commentary.The texts are mainly compiled from...
(largely derived from the homilies of John Chrysostom
John Chrysostom
John Chrysostom , Archbishop of Constantinople, was an important Early Church Father. He is known for his eloquence in preaching and public speaking, his denunciation of abuse of authority by both ecclesiastical and political leaders, the Divine Liturgy of St. John Chrysostom, and his ascetic...
).
Text
The Greek text of the codex is a representative of the Byzantine text-typeByzantine text-type
The Byzantine text-type is one of several text-types used in textual criticism to describe the textual character of Greek New Testament manuscripts. It is the form found in the largest number of surviving manuscripts, though not in the oldest...
. Aland
Kurt Aland
Kurt Aland was a German Theologian and Professor of New Testament Research and Church History. He founded the Institut für neutestamentliche Textforschung in Münster and served as its first director for many years...
did not place it in any Category. According to Hermann von Soden it is related to the Family Π. It was confirmed by Kirsopp Lake
Kirsopp Lake
Kirsopp Lake was a New Testament scholar and Winn Professor of Ecclesiastical History at Harvard Divinity School. He had an uncommon breadth of interests, publishing definitive monographs in New Testament textual criticism, Greek palaeography, theology, and archaeology...
. According to the Claremont Profile Method it represents family Πa in Luke 1 and family Kx
Family Kx
Family Kx is a large group of the New Testament manuscripts. It belongs to the Byzantine text-type as one of the textual families of this group. It includes uncials, and although hundreds of minuscules, no early ones.- Description :...
in Luke 10 and Luke 20.
It does not contain the Pericope Adulterae (John 7:53-8:11).
History
The manuscript was written in Syria or Palestina.According to Arabic notes on a margin, the manuscript was later in the property of a Presbyter David, the son of Micheal the Metropolitan of Bosra. C. R. Gregory saw it in 1883.
It was examined by Wettstein
Johann Jakob Wettstein
Johann Jakob Wettstein was a Swiss theologian, best known as a New Testament critic.-Youth and study:...
in 1731 and Griesbach
Johann Jakob Griesbach
Johann Jakob Griesbach , German biblical textual critic, was born at Butzbach, a small town in the state of Hesse, where his father, Konrad Kaspar , was pastor...
.
See also
- List of New Testament minuscules
- Biblical manuscriptBiblical manuscriptA biblical manuscript is any handwritten copy of a portion of the text of the Bible. The word Bible comes from the Greek biblia ; manuscript comes from Latin manu and scriptum...
- Textual criticismTextual criticismTextual criticism is a branch of literary criticism that is concerned with the identification and removal of transcription errors in the texts of manuscripts...
Further reading
- A Catalogue of the Harleian Manuscripts in the British Museum, 4 vols (London: Eyre and Strahan, 1808-12), II (1808), no. 5647.
- J. W. Burgon, The Last Twelve Verses of the Gospel According to St. Mark (Oxford and London, 1871).
- Kirsopp LakeKirsopp LakeKirsopp Lake was a New Testament scholar and Winn Professor of Ecclesiastical History at Harvard Divinity School. He had an uncommon breadth of interests, publishing definitive monographs in New Testament textual criticism, Greek palaeography, theology, and archaeology...
, "Family Π and the Codex Alexandrinus. The Text According to Mark" (London 1936).
External links
- Harley 5647 at the British Library