Minuscule 89
Encyclopedia
Minuscule 89 ε 184 (Soden), known as Codex Gottingensis, is a Greek
minuscule manuscript
of the New Testament
, on parchment leaves. It is dated by a colophon
to the year 1289 or 1290. It was adapted for liturgical use. It has complex contents and full marginalia
.
s, on 173 leaves (size ). The text is written in one column per page, 30 lines per page (size of text ).
The text is divided according to the (chapters), whose numbers are given at the margin, and their (titles of chapters) at the top of the pages. There is also a division according to the Ammonian Sections (Matthew
359, Mark 241 – 16:20, Luke 342, John 239), with references to the Eusebian Canons.
It contains the Epistula ad Carpianum
, the Eusebian Canon tables at the beginning, prolegomena, tables of the (tables of contents) before each Gospel, lectionary markings at the margin (for liturgical use), and incipits.
It contains a large number of corrections, and some unique textual variants.
. Hermann von Soden classified it to the textual family Kx
. Aland
placed it in Category V.
According to the Claremont Profile Method it belongs to the textual family Family Kx
in Luke
1, Luke 10, and Luke 20.
It has some unique readings.
In 1728 the manuscript was presented by Damianos from Sinope
to Jena
. In 1786 in Gotha. It was collated by A. G. Gehl in 1739, and by Matthaei.
It is currently housed in at the Göttingen State and University Library
(Ms. II. A.7), at Göttingen
.
Greek language
Greek is an independent branch of the Indo-European family of languages. Native to the southern Balkans, it has the longest documented history of any Indo-European language, spanning 34 centuries of written records. Its writing system has been the Greek alphabet for the majority of its history;...
minuscule manuscript
Manuscript
A manuscript or handwrite is written information that has been manually created by someone or some people, such as a hand-written letter, as opposed to being printed or reproduced some other way...
of the New Testament
New Testament
The New Testament is the second major division of the Christian biblical canon, the first such division being the much longer Old Testament....
, on parchment leaves. It is dated by a colophon
Colophon (publishing)
In publishing, a colophon is either:* A brief description of publication or production notes relevant to the edition, in modern books usually located at the reverse of the title page, but can also sometimes be located at the end of the book, or...
to the year 1289 or 1290. It was adapted for liturgical use. It has complex contents and full marginalia
Marginalia
Marginalia are scribbles, comments, and illuminations in the margins of a book.- Biblical manuscripts :Biblical manuscripts have liturgical notes at the margin, for liturgical use. Numbers of texts' divisions are given at the margin...
.
Description
The codex contains the text of the four GospelGospel
A gospel is an account, often written, that describes the life of Jesus of Nazareth. In a more general sense the term "gospel" may refer to the good news message of the New Testament. It is primarily used in reference to the four canonical gospels of Matthew, Mark, Luke, and John...
s, on 173 leaves (size ). The text is written in one column per page, 30 lines per page (size of text ).
The text is divided according to the (chapters), whose numbers are given at the margin, and their (titles of chapters) at the top of the pages. There is also a division according to the Ammonian Sections (Matthew
Gospel of Matthew
The Gospel According to Matthew is one of the four canonical gospels, one of the three synoptic gospels, and the first book of the New Testament. It tells of the life, ministry, death, and resurrection of Jesus of Nazareth...
359, Mark 241 – 16:20, Luke 342, John 239), with references to the Eusebian Canons.
It contains the Epistula ad Carpianum
Epistula ad Carpianum
The Epistula ad Carpianum is the title traditionally given to a letter from Eusebius of Caesarea to a Christian named Carpianus....
, the Eusebian Canon tables at the beginning, prolegomena, tables of the (tables of contents) before each Gospel, lectionary markings at the margin (for liturgical use), and incipits.
It contains a large number of corrections, and some unique textual variants.
Text
The Greek text of the codex is a representative of the Byzantine text-typeByzantine text-type
The Byzantine text-type is one of several text-types used in textual criticism to describe the textual character of Greek New Testament manuscripts. It is the form found in the largest number of surviving manuscripts, though not in the oldest...
. Hermann von Soden classified it to the textual family Kx
Family Kx
Family Kx is a large group of the New Testament manuscripts. It belongs to the Byzantine text-type as one of the textual families of this group. It includes uncials, and although hundreds of minuscules, no early ones.- Description :...
. Aland
Kurt Aland
Kurt Aland was a German Theologian and Professor of New Testament Research and Church History. He founded the Institut für neutestamentliche Textforschung in Münster and served as its first director for many years...
placed it in Category V.
According to the Claremont Profile Method it belongs to the textual family Family Kx
Family Kx
Family Kx is a large group of the New Testament manuscripts. It belongs to the Byzantine text-type as one of the textual families of this group. It includes uncials, and although hundreds of minuscules, no early ones.- Description :...
in Luke
Gospel of Luke
The Gospel According to Luke , commonly shortened to the Gospel of Luke or simply Luke, is the third and longest of the four canonical Gospels. This synoptic gospel is an account of the life and ministry of Jesus of Nazareth. It details his story from the events of his birth to his Ascension.The...
1, Luke 10, and Luke 20.
It has some unique readings.
History
According to the colophon, it was written by scribe Christophorus in 1289 or 1290. Formerly date of writing was deciphered as 1006 (Scrivener, C. R. Gregory).In 1728 the manuscript was presented by Damianos from Sinope
Sinop, Turkey
Sinop is a city with a population of 36,734 on İnce Burun , by its Cape Sinop which is situated on the most northern edge of the Turkish side of Black Sea coast, in the ancient region of Paphlagonia, in modern-day northern Turkey, historically known as Sinope...
to Jena
Jena
Jena is a university city in central Germany on the river Saale. It has a population of approx. 103,000 and is the second largest city in the federal state of Thuringia, after Erfurt.-History:Jena was first mentioned in an 1182 document...
. In 1786 in Gotha. It was collated by A. G. Gehl in 1739, and by Matthaei.
It is currently housed in at the Göttingen State and University Library
Göttingen State and University Library
The Göttingen State and University Library is the library for Göttingen University as well as the central library for the German State of Lower Saxony , and the library for the Göttingen Academy of Sciences...
(Ms. II. A.7), at Göttingen
Göttingen
Göttingen is a university town in Lower Saxony, Germany. It is the capital of the district of Göttingen. The Leine river runs through the town. In 2006 the population was 129,686.-General information:...
.
See also
- List of New Testament minuscules
- Biblical manuscriptBiblical manuscriptA biblical manuscript is any handwritten copy of a portion of the text of the Bible. The word Bible comes from the Greek biblia ; manuscript comes from Latin manu and scriptum...
- Textual criticismTextual criticismTextual criticism is a branch of literary criticism that is concerned with the identification and removal of transcription errors in the texts of manuscripts...
Further reading
- C. F. MatthaeiChristian Frederick MatthaeiChristian Frederick Matthaei , a Thuringian, palaeographer, classical philolog, professor first at Wittenberg and then at Moscow.- Life :...
, "Novum Testamentum Graece et Latine" (Riga, 1782).