Mirza Gadim Iravani
Encyclopedia
Mirza Gadim Iravani, was an Azerbaijan
i ornamentalist
artist and portrait
ist, founder of Azerbaijani panel painting
, whose works greatly influenced Azerbaijani visual art
of the modern period.
Iravani is famed both for his pictures-stencils for embroidery
, mural paintings
, jewelry
, lacquer
paintings and glass paintings
. His most famous works are portraits Sitting Woman, Young man, Fath Ali Shah" and four big portraits painted in oil, in 1850s, on the walls of the Palace of Erivan sardars.
). He did not receive professional art education, and he became famous due his natural taste and talent.
Besides his artistic activity Irevani worked as a telegraphist
at post office.
. However some of his works, such as the portraits Sitting woman and Young man painted in watercolors and kept in Baku
, in the Rustam Mustafayev Azerbaijan State Museum of Art
were created in the middle of the 19th century
and are more related to traditions of medieval miniature
.
Iravani expressed great interest in human's view. He portrayed humans not against a conditional flat background, but on the three-dimensional space of the specific interior. Such a usage of volumetric-plastic modelling of the form and presentation of similarity with model evidenced of significant turn, which was noticed in Azerbaijani art of the modern period and overcoming the traditions of conditionality and flatness of the picture.
Among the works of Mirza Gadim Irevani are famous pictures in the Palace of Sardar in Erivan, including four portraits of Fath Ali Shah, Abbas Mirza, Mah Tellet Khanim and Vajullah Mirza. Besides these works, the portrait of an unknown soldier was also painted. The palace was destroyed in 1914 (including four portraits on the walls of the palace) and the pictures of the portraits have only survived in copies.
Iravani's works, such as Female dancer , Darvish, Strongman , and Cavalryman are also famous.
Azerbaijan
Azerbaijan , officially the Republic of Azerbaijan is the largest country in the Caucasus region of Eurasia. Located at the crossroads of Western Asia and Eastern Europe, it is bounded by the Caspian Sea to the east, Russia to the north, Georgia to the northwest, Armenia to the west, and Iran to...
i ornamentalist
Ornamentalism
Ornamentalism: How the British Saw Their Empire is a book by David Cannadine about British perceptions of the British Empire. Cannadine argues that class, rank and status were more important to the British Empire than race The title of the work Ornamentalism is a direct reference to Edward Said's...
artist and portrait
Portrait
thumb|250px|right|Portrait of [[Thomas Jefferson]] by [[Rembrandt Peale]], 1805. [[New-York Historical Society]].A portrait is a painting, photograph, sculpture, or other artistic representation of a person, in which the face and its expression is predominant. The intent is to display the likeness,...
ist, founder of Azerbaijani panel painting
Panel painting
A panel painting is a painting made on a flat panel made of wood, either a single piece, or a number of pieces joined together. Until canvas became the more popular support medium in the 16th century, it was the normal form of support for a painting not on a wall or vellum, which was used for...
, whose works greatly influenced Azerbaijani visual art
Visual arts
The visual arts are art forms that create works which are primarily visual in nature, such as ceramics, drawing, painting, sculpture, printmaking, design, crafts, and often modern visual arts and architecture...
of the modern period.
Iravani is famed both for his pictures-stencils for embroidery
Embroidery
Embroidery is the art or handicraft of decorating fabric or other materials with needle and thread or yarn. Embroidery may also incorporate other materials such as metal strips, pearls, beads, quills, and sequins....
, mural paintings
Mural
A mural is any piece of artwork painted or applied directly on a wall, ceiling or other large permanent surface. A particularly distinguishing characteristic of mural painting is that the architectural elements of the given space are harmoniously incorporated into the picture.-History:Murals of...
, jewelry
Jewellery
Jewellery or jewelry is a form of personal adornment, such as brooches, rings, necklaces, earrings, and bracelets.With some exceptions, such as medical alert bracelets or military dog tags, jewellery normally differs from other items of personal adornment in that it has no other purpose than to...
, lacquer
Lacquer
In a general sense, lacquer is a somewhat imprecise term for a clear or coloured varnish that dries by solvent evaporation and often a curing process as well that produces a hard, durable finish, in any sheen level from ultra matte to high gloss and that can be further polished as required...
paintings and glass paintings
Matte painting
A matte painting is a painted representation of a landscape, set, or distant location that allows filmmakers to create the illusion of an environment that would otherwise be too expensive or impossible to build or visit. Historically, matte painters and film technicians have used various techniques...
. His most famous works are portraits Sitting Woman, Young man, Fath Ali Shah" and four big portraits painted in oil, in 1850s, on the walls of the Palace of Erivan sardars.
Biography
Gadim Mammad Huseyn oglu was born in 1825, in the city Erivan in the Khanate of Erevan (later incorporated in the Russian EmpireRussian Empire
The Russian Empire was a state that existed from 1721 until the Russian Revolution of 1917. It was the successor to the Tsardom of Russia and the predecessor of the Soviet Union...
). He did not receive professional art education, and he became famous due his natural taste and talent.
Besides his artistic activity Irevani worked as a telegraphist
Telegraphist
Telegraphist is an operator who uses the morse code in order to communicate by land or radio lines. Telegraphists were indispensable at sea in the early day of Wireless Telegraphy. During the Great War the Royal Navy enlisted many volunteers as Telegraphists. Telegraphists are also called Telegraph...
at post office.
Creativity
Mirza Gadim Iravani's creativity evidences the origination of easel forms in Azerbaijani artAzerbaijani art
Azerbaijani art has a long and interesting history. Works of art made from metal extracted from Nakhichevan, Migachevir, Gadanay, Gandja and other places are approximately 5000 years old. Crockery, weapons and adornments found here are not historical facts alone, but valuable sources which testify...
. However some of his works, such as the portraits Sitting woman and Young man painted in watercolors and kept in Baku
Baku
Baku , sometimes spelled as Baki or Bakou, is the capital and largest city of Azerbaijan, as well as the largest city on the Caspian Sea and of the Caucasus region. It is located on the southern shore of the Absheron Peninsula, which projects into the Caspian Sea. The city consists of two principal...
, in the Rustam Mustafayev Azerbaijan State Museum of Art
Azerbaijan State Museum of Art
Rustam Mustafayev Azerbaijan State Museum of Art is the biggest art museum of Azerbaijan. It was founded in 1936 in Baku and in 1943 was named after Rustam Mustafayev, a prominent Azeri scenic designer and theater artist. The museum consists of two buildings standing next to each other...
were created in the middle of the 19th century
19th century
The 19th century was a period in history marked by the collapse of the Spanish, Portuguese, Chinese, Holy Roman and Mughal empires...
and are more related to traditions of medieval miniature
Miniature (illuminated manuscript)
The word miniature, derived from the Latin minium, red lead, is a picture in an ancient or medieval illuminated manuscript; the simple decoration of the early codices having been miniated or delineated with that pigment...
.
Iravani expressed great interest in human's view. He portrayed humans not against a conditional flat background, but on the three-dimensional space of the specific interior. Such a usage of volumetric-plastic modelling of the form and presentation of similarity with model evidenced of significant turn, which was noticed in Azerbaijani art of the modern period and overcoming the traditions of conditionality and flatness of the picture.
Among the works of Mirza Gadim Irevani are famous pictures in the Palace of Sardar in Erivan, including four portraits of Fath Ali Shah, Abbas Mirza, Mah Tellet Khanim and Vajullah Mirza. Besides these works, the portrait of an unknown soldier was also painted. The palace was destroyed in 1914 (including four portraits on the walls of the palace) and the pictures of the portraits have only survived in copies.
Iravani's works, such as Female dancer , Darvish, Strongman , and Cavalryman are also famous.