Mohammad Nabi Mohammadi
Encyclopedia
Maulana Mohammad Nabi Mohammadi was an Afghan
politician who served as Vice President of Afghanistan under the Mujahideen
from 1992 to about 1996.
. In 1946 when he was 26, he finished all Islamic education and began to teach. In 1947 he was a part of Qadiria Methodism due to the insistence of Ulema in the region. In the same year he also joined Naqshbandia Methodism in order to obtain self-confidence and to clear his soul
.
This was during a time when Afghanistan had lost many of its Islamic traditions and communism
was slowly beginning to spread throughout the country. He eventually got in touch with several Ulema and created a strong union of religious scholars with which to oppose Soviet
propaganda and to attempt to inform the general population on the problems of communism.
.
While Babrak Karmel, Hafizullah Amin
, Noor Ahad and Anahita Ratibzada had become candidates for the membership of the Afghan General Assembly, Movi Mohammad Nabi also made himself a candidate of the Logar Province In 1965, he was elected to the Afghan parliament representing the traditional Ulama. He strongly opposed the Marxist movement in Afghanistan. His political war against communism
began in earnest shortly after he was selected, and there was ample opportunity as a fierce struggle between the two competing ideologies of communism and Islam
ic government had been raging for some time. Delhi, Oxford University Press, 2002, xiv,
Despite the government being quite despotic he managed to succeed in convincing the Muslim members of parliament to side with him, and many communists lost power as a result. However, it is rumored that he physically assaulted another member of parliament and used other strongarm tactics in order to accomplish his aims. He is also known for a comprehensive speech in a parliament session that was played globally on radio stations around the world. The speech itself alarmed the communist states and provoked further action.
came to power at the end of the parliament session in a 1973 coup. The Russians and their supporters in Afghanistan knew that Daud Khan was unable to stop the activities of the Ulemas against the communists. They realized that soon the communists would be vanquished. A coup in 1978 (sour 1357 hijree shamsi) brought Noor Mohammad Traki to power. Mohammad Nabi Mohamamdi was under the secret surveillance of the communists. Soon after, Mohammadi was compelled to leave Afghanistan and immigrated to Pakistan.
From the western part of Afghanistan, he arrived in Quetta, a city in Balochistan province in Pakistan
. There he proceeded to gather a large number of religious scholars and to make qualified activities inside Afghanistan in almost all provinces. He sent messages to all Ulemas inside Afghanistan and encouraged them for the Islamic Jihad
in Afghanistan. At this time in Peshawar Hezbi Islami
and Jamiat-e Islami
intended to unify under a single leader. Molvi Mohammadi was thought to be the best to lead the jihad and Mujahideen
of Afghanistan in such a dangerous and delicate mission. So he was asked for the leadership from Quetta. Harakat-i-Inqilab-i-Islami Afghanistan was established on the same day under the leadership of Mohammadi. Ulemas, religious personalities, civil and military officers, scholars and youth joined Harakat-e-inqilab-e-islami Afghanistan. Very soon the jihad was being fought in every province and district of Afghanistan. After nearly four months, engineer Gulbadin Hikmatyar and Ustaz Rabbsni got separated from Harakat e Inqilab e Islami and founded their own parties by the name of Hizb-e-islami and jamiat-e-islami. Molvi Mohammad Nabi carried the leadership of Harakat and managed the jihad in Afghanistan better than before. Harakat e inqilabi islami was one of the seven parties that were officially recognized by the Pakistani government and was funded by the US
and Arab countries through the Pakistani government.
Mohammadi was among Afghan leaders who met President Reagan
at the White House
during the war.http://www.nytimes.com/1986/06/17/world/reagan-meets-afghan-rebels.html?scp=7&sq=Nabi%20Mohammadi%20president&st=cse Reagan called the rebel leaders "freedom fighters." Through continuous struggle the Afghan Mujahideen succeeded in their mission, and the Russian forces withdrew from Afghanistan in 1989 after the loss of tens of thousands of its soldiers. In 1992 the pro-Moscow
government in Kabul
collapsed, and the Mujahideen took power.
in the Mujahideen government. However, when the Mujahideen leaders opened their weapons at each other and the civil war in Afghanistan started, he resigned from his post and forbade the troops loyal to him from taking part in the war. He remained in Pakistan and tried his best to stop the war between Gulbadin Hikmatyar, Burhanuddin Rabbani
and Abdurrab Rasool Sayyaf. In 1996, the Taliban took control of Afghanistan. Most of the Taliban leaders were the students of Molvi Mohammad Nabi Mohammadi. Mohammadi, however, maintained a good relationship with the Taliban, recognizing that they brought peace in Afghanistan.
i hospital on 21 April 2002. He had been suffering from tuberculosis
. His body was brought to Logar, Afghanistan and was given guards of honor by the government of Afghanistan.
Afghanistan
Afghanistan , officially the Islamic Republic of Afghanistan, is a landlocked country located in the centre of Asia, forming South Asia, Central Asia and the Middle East. With a population of about 29 million, it has an area of , making it the 42nd most populous and 41st largest nation in the world...
politician who served as Vice President of Afghanistan under the Mujahideen
Mujahideen
Mujahideen are Muslims who struggle in the path of God. The word is from the same Arabic triliteral as jihad .Mujahideen is also transliterated from Arabic as mujahedin, mujahedeen, mudžahedin, mudžahidin, mujahidīn, mujaheddīn and more.-Origin of the concept:The beginnings of Jihad are traced...
from 1992 to about 1996.
Biography
Mohammadi received his initial Islamic education from his religious father while he received secondary and high Islamic education from various, well-known scholars in the Logar Province in AfghanistanAfghanistan
Afghanistan , officially the Islamic Republic of Afghanistan, is a landlocked country located in the centre of Asia, forming South Asia, Central Asia and the Middle East. With a population of about 29 million, it has an area of , making it the 42nd most populous and 41st largest nation in the world...
. In 1946 when he was 26, he finished all Islamic education and began to teach. In 1947 he was a part of Qadiria Methodism due to the insistence of Ulema in the region. In the same year he also joined Naqshbandia Methodism in order to obtain self-confidence and to clear his soul
Soul
A soul in certain spiritual, philosophical, and psychological traditions is the incorporeal essence of a person or living thing or object. Many philosophical and spiritual systems teach that humans have souls, and others teach that all living things and even inanimate objects have souls. The...
.
This was during a time when Afghanistan had lost many of its Islamic traditions and communism
Communism
Communism is a social, political and economic ideology that aims at the establishment of a classless, moneyless, revolutionary and stateless socialist society structured upon common ownership of the means of production...
was slowly beginning to spread throughout the country. He eventually got in touch with several Ulema and created a strong union of religious scholars with which to oppose Soviet
Soviet Union
The Soviet Union , officially the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics , was a constitutionally socialist state that existed in Eurasia between 1922 and 1991....
propaganda and to attempt to inform the general population on the problems of communism.
Political activities
In 1958, some of the other scholars were already carrying out anti-communist activities, a newspaper styled "Khalq" was published, and Molvi Mohammad Nabi Mohammadi began preaching against communism to people who would listen, traveling far and wide to many of the provinces in AfghanistanAfghanistan
Afghanistan , officially the Islamic Republic of Afghanistan, is a landlocked country located in the centre of Asia, forming South Asia, Central Asia and the Middle East. With a population of about 29 million, it has an area of , making it the 42nd most populous and 41st largest nation in the world...
.
While Babrak Karmel, Hafizullah Amin
Hafizullah Amin
Hafizullah Amin was the second President of Afghanistan during the period of the communist Democratic Republic of Afghanistan....
, Noor Ahad and Anahita Ratibzada had become candidates for the membership of the Afghan General Assembly, Movi Mohammad Nabi also made himself a candidate of the Logar Province In 1965, he was elected to the Afghan parliament representing the traditional Ulama. He strongly opposed the Marxist movement in Afghanistan. His political war against communism
Communism
Communism is a social, political and economic ideology that aims at the establishment of a classless, moneyless, revolutionary and stateless socialist society structured upon common ownership of the means of production...
began in earnest shortly after he was selected, and there was ample opportunity as a fierce struggle between the two competing ideologies of communism and Islam
Islam
Islam . The most common are and . : Arabic pronunciation varies regionally. The first vowel ranges from ~~. The second vowel ranges from ~~~...
ic government had been raging for some time. Delhi, Oxford University Press, 2002, xiv,
Despite the government being quite despotic he managed to succeed in convincing the Muslim members of parliament to side with him, and many communists lost power as a result. However, it is rumored that he physically assaulted another member of parliament and used other strongarm tactics in order to accomplish his aims. He is also known for a comprehensive speech in a parliament session that was played globally on radio stations around the world. The speech itself alarmed the communist states and provoked further action.
Coup
Daud KhanDaud Khan
Daud Khan may refer to:* Mohammed Daoud Khan, President of the Republic of Afghanistan* Nawab Daud Khan, Nawab of Carnatic* David XI of Kartli, aka Daud Khan of Kartli, Muslim Georgian king...
came to power at the end of the parliament session in a 1973 coup. The Russians and their supporters in Afghanistan knew that Daud Khan was unable to stop the activities of the Ulemas against the communists. They realized that soon the communists would be vanquished. A coup in 1978 (sour 1357 hijree shamsi) brought Noor Mohammad Traki to power. Mohammad Nabi Mohamamdi was under the secret surveillance of the communists. Soon after, Mohammadi was compelled to leave Afghanistan and immigrated to Pakistan.
From the western part of Afghanistan, he arrived in Quetta, a city in Balochistan province in Pakistan
Pakistan
Pakistan , officially the Islamic Republic of Pakistan is a sovereign state in South Asia. It has a coastline along the Arabian Sea and the Gulf of Oman in the south and is bordered by Afghanistan and Iran in the west, India in the east and China in the far northeast. In the north, Tajikistan...
. There he proceeded to gather a large number of religious scholars and to make qualified activities inside Afghanistan in almost all provinces. He sent messages to all Ulemas inside Afghanistan and encouraged them for the Islamic Jihad
Jihad
Jihad , an Islamic term, is a religious duty of Muslims. In Arabic, the word jihād translates as a noun meaning "struggle". Jihad appears 41 times in the Quran and frequently in the idiomatic expression "striving in the way of God ". A person engaged in jihad is called a mujahid; the plural is...
in Afghanistan. At this time in Peshawar Hezbi Islami
Hezbi Islami
Hezbi Islami , meaning Islamic Party is an Islamist organization commonly known for fighting in the Marxist Government of Afghanistan and their close ally the Soviet Union. Founded and led by Gulbuddin Hekmatyar, it was established in Pakistan in 1975...
and Jamiat-e Islami
Jamiat-e Islami
Jamiat-e Islami , is an Islamic political party in Afghanistan along the line of the Muslim Brotherhood of Egypt. Jamiat-e Islami means "Islamic society" in the Persian language and is also known as just Jamiat for short. Jamiat is the oldest Islamic political party in Afghanistan...
intended to unify under a single leader. Molvi Mohammadi was thought to be the best to lead the jihad and Mujahideen
Mujahideen
Mujahideen are Muslims who struggle in the path of God. The word is from the same Arabic triliteral as jihad .Mujahideen is also transliterated from Arabic as mujahedin, mujahedeen, mudžahedin, mudžahidin, mujahidīn, mujaheddīn and more.-Origin of the concept:The beginnings of Jihad are traced...
of Afghanistan in such a dangerous and delicate mission. So he was asked for the leadership from Quetta. Harakat-i-Inqilab-i-Islami Afghanistan was established on the same day under the leadership of Mohammadi. Ulemas, religious personalities, civil and military officers, scholars and youth joined Harakat-e-inqilab-e-islami Afghanistan. Very soon the jihad was being fought in every province and district of Afghanistan. After nearly four months, engineer Gulbadin Hikmatyar and Ustaz Rabbsni got separated from Harakat e Inqilab e Islami and founded their own parties by the name of Hizb-e-islami and jamiat-e-islami. Molvi Mohammad Nabi carried the leadership of Harakat and managed the jihad in Afghanistan better than before. Harakat e inqilabi islami was one of the seven parties that were officially recognized by the Pakistani government and was funded by the US
United States
The United States of America is a federal constitutional republic comprising fifty states and a federal district...
and Arab countries through the Pakistani government.
Mohammadi was among Afghan leaders who met President Reagan
Ronald Reagan
Ronald Wilson Reagan was the 40th President of the United States , the 33rd Governor of California and, prior to that, a radio, film and television actor....
at the White House
White House
The White House is the official residence and principal workplace of the president of the United States. Located at 1600 Pennsylvania Avenue NW in Washington, D.C., the house was designed by Irish-born James Hoban, and built between 1792 and 1800 of white-painted Aquia sandstone in the Neoclassical...
during the war.http://www.nytimes.com/1986/06/17/world/reagan-meets-afghan-rebels.html?scp=7&sq=Nabi%20Mohammadi%20president&st=cse Reagan called the rebel leaders "freedom fighters." Through continuous struggle the Afghan Mujahideen succeeded in their mission, and the Russian forces withdrew from Afghanistan in 1989 after the loss of tens of thousands of its soldiers. In 1992 the pro-Moscow
Moscow
Moscow is the capital, the most populous city, and the most populous federal subject of Russia. The city is a major political, economic, cultural, scientific, religious, financial, educational, and transportation centre of Russia and the continent...
government in Kabul
Kabul
Kabul , spelt Caubul in some classic literatures, is the capital and largest city of Afghanistan. It is also the capital of the Kabul Province, located in the eastern section of Afghanistan...
collapsed, and the Mujahideen took power.
Vice President
Mohammad Nabi Mohammadi became the Vice President of AfghanistanAfghanistan
Afghanistan , officially the Islamic Republic of Afghanistan, is a landlocked country located in the centre of Asia, forming South Asia, Central Asia and the Middle East. With a population of about 29 million, it has an area of , making it the 42nd most populous and 41st largest nation in the world...
in the Mujahideen government. However, when the Mujahideen leaders opened their weapons at each other and the civil war in Afghanistan started, he resigned from his post and forbade the troops loyal to him from taking part in the war. He remained in Pakistan and tried his best to stop the war between Gulbadin Hikmatyar, Burhanuddin Rabbani
Burhanuddin Rabbani
Professor Burhanuddin Rabbani was President of the Islamic State of Afghanistan from 1992 to 1996. After the Taliban government was toppled during Operation Enduring Freedom, Rabbani returned to Kabul and served as a temporary President from November to December 20, 2001, when Hamid Karzai was...
and Abdurrab Rasool Sayyaf. In 1996, the Taliban took control of Afghanistan. Most of the Taliban leaders were the students of Molvi Mohammad Nabi Mohammadi. Mohammadi, however, maintained a good relationship with the Taliban, recognizing that they brought peace in Afghanistan.
Death
Mohammad Nabi Mohammadi died in PakistanPakistan
Pakistan , officially the Islamic Republic of Pakistan is a sovereign state in South Asia. It has a coastline along the Arabian Sea and the Gulf of Oman in the south and is bordered by Afghanistan and Iran in the west, India in the east and China in the far northeast. In the north, Tajikistan...
i hospital on 21 April 2002. He had been suffering from tuberculosis
Tuberculosis
Tuberculosis, MTB, or TB is a common, and in many cases lethal, infectious disease caused by various strains of mycobacteria, usually Mycobacterium tuberculosis. Tuberculosis usually attacks the lungs but can also affect other parts of the body...
. His body was brought to Logar, Afghanistan and was given guards of honor by the government of Afghanistan.
See also
- Islamic and National Revolution Movement of Afghanistan
- Politics of AfghanistanPolitics of AfghanistanThe politics of Afghanistan consists of the Council of Ministers and the National Assembly, with a president serving as the head of state and commander-in-chief of the military. The nation is currently led by the Karzai administration under President Hamid Karzai who is backed by two vice...