Montagu Bertie, 2nd Earl of Lindsey
Encyclopedia
Montagu Bertie, 2nd Earl of Lindsey, 15th Baron Willoughby de Eresby, KG
, PC
(1608 – 25 July 1666) was the eldest son of Robert Bertie, 1st Earl of Lindsey
and his wife Elizabeth Montagu, daughter of Edward Montagu, 1st Baron Montagu of Boughton
.
. After a brief term at Sidney Sussex College, Cambridge
in 1623, Bertie then served as Member of Parliament
for Lincolnshire
in 1624 and Stamford
from 1625 to 1626. In the latter year, upon his father's elevation to an earldom, he assumed the style of Lord Willoughby de Eresby. At some point during his early life, he was also Captain
of a cavalry
troop
in the Low Countries
.
Lord Willoughby rose in favor with King Charles I
and was appointed a Gentleman of the Privy Chamber, High Steward of Boston
, and Steward, Warden and Chief Ranger of Waltham Forest in 1634. He had married, on 18 April 1627, Martha Ramsay (née Cockayne), Dowager Countess of Holderness (d. July 1641), daughter of Sir William Cockayne
, at the Church of St Peter-le-Poor in the City of London
. They had eight children:
In 1639, Lord Willoughby raised four companies The King's Life Guard of Foot for service in the First Bishops' War
and was given a Captaincy in the regiment. The following year, he was appointed High Steward of the Honour of Bolingbroke and the Manor of Sutton. When the Long Parliament
was convened on 3 November 1640, he was summoned to the House of Lords
by a writ of acceleration
as Baron Willoughby de Eresby.
on his behalf. Lord Willoughby commanded the Life Guards at Edgehill
, where his father was mortally wounded by a shot through the thigh, and surrendered to the Parliamentarians in order to attend his father, whom he now succeeded as Earl of Lindsey
and Lord Great Chamberlain
. He was imprisoned in Warwick Castle
, where he defiantly wrote a declaration and justification of his loyalty to the King. He was not released until a prisoner exchange in July 1643, whereupon he rejoined the King at Oxford
and was appointed a Privy Counsellor
in December. As colonel
of the King's Life Guards of Foot and subsequently lieutenant-general of the Life Guards "and all the foot", he fought at Newbury
, Cropredy Bridge
, Lostwithiel
, and was wounded at Naseby
. In addition to his military services for Charles, Lindsey frequently acted as a commissioner to treat with Parliament and persistently urged reconciliation. Charles additionally honored Lindsey with the post of Gentleman of the Bedchamber
from 1643 until 1649, and Steward, Keeper and Ranger of Woodstock
in 1644.
Lindsey was present at the surrender of Oxford
in June 1646, attended the King in 1647, and finally served as a commissioner for the Treaty of Newport
in 1648. He continued to attend Charles during his trial and accompanied the King's body to its burial at Windsor. Lindsey paid heavily for his allegiance, compounding for his estates in December 1646 at £4360 (later reduced to £2100), a sum he did not pay off until 1651. Between 1646 and 1653, he married again, to the Bridget (née Wray) Bertie, 4th Baroness Norreys, by whom he had four children:
, particularly during the Penruddock uprising
and Booth
's rebellion, he apparently took no part in the Royalist movement.
After the Restoration
, Lindsey was re-appointed to the Privy Council, admitted as Lord Great Chamberlain, and appointed Lord Lieutenant of Lincolnshire
. Made a Knight of the Garter on 1 April 1661, he officiated as Lord Great Chamberlain at the coronation of Charles II
on 23 April 1661. In 1662, the office of Earl Marshal
was placed in commission and he was named one of the commissioners. Lindsey died in 1666 at Campden House, Kensington
, the home of his son-in-law, and was buried at Grimsthorpe
.
Order of the Garter
The Most Noble Order of the Garter, founded in 1348, is the highest order of chivalry, or knighthood, existing in England. The order is dedicated to the image and arms of St...
, PC
Privy Council of England
The Privy Council of England, also known as His Majesty's Most Honourable Privy Council, was a body of advisers to the sovereign of the Kingdom of England...
(1608 – 25 July 1666) was the eldest son of Robert Bertie, 1st Earl of Lindsey
Robert Bertie, 1st Earl of Lindsey
Robert Bertie, 1st Earl of Lindsey was an English peer, soldier and courtier.-Early life:...
and his wife Elizabeth Montagu, daughter of Edward Montagu, 1st Baron Montagu of Boughton
Baron Montagu of Boughton
The title of Baron Montagu of Boughton was first created in 1621, in the Peerage of England, for Sir Edward Montagu, eldest son of Sir Edward Montagu of Boughton Castle and grandson of another Sir Edward Montagu who had been Lord Chief Justice during the reign of Henry VIII...
.
Early life
Bertie was born in GrimsthorpeGrimsthorpe
Grimsthorpe is a hamlet in Lincolnshire, England situated about north-west of Bourne on the A151. It falls within the parish of Edenham Grimsthorpe Elsthorpe & Scottlethorpe.Nearby is Grimsthorpe Castle....
. After a brief term at Sidney Sussex College, Cambridge
Sidney Sussex College, Cambridge
Sidney Sussex College is a constituent college of the University of Cambridge in England.The college was founded in 1596 and named after its foundress, Frances Sidney, Countess of Sussex. It was from its inception an avowedly Puritan foundation: some good and godlie moniment for the mainteynance...
in 1623, Bertie then served as Member of Parliament
Member of Parliament
A Member of Parliament is a representative of the voters to a :parliament. In many countries with bicameral parliaments, the term applies specifically to members of the lower house, as upper houses often have a different title, such as senate, and thus also have different titles for its members,...
for Lincolnshire
Lincolnshire (UK Parliament constituency)
Lincolnshire was a county constituency of the Parliament of the United Kingdom, which returned two Members of Parliament to the House of Commons from 1290 until 1832.-History:...
in 1624 and Stamford
Stamford (UK Parliament constituency)
Stamford was a constituency in the county of Lincolnshire of the House of Commons for the Parliament of England to 1706 then of the Parliament of Great Britain from 1707 to 1800 and of the Parliament of the United Kingdom from 1801 to 1918...
from 1625 to 1626. In the latter year, upon his father's elevation to an earldom, he assumed the style of Lord Willoughby de Eresby. At some point during his early life, he was also Captain
Captain (British Army and Royal Marines)
Captain is a junior officer rank of the British Army and Royal Marines. It ranks above Lieutenant and below Major and has a NATO ranking code of OF-2. The rank is equivalent to a Lieutenant in the Royal Navy and to a Flight Lieutenant in the Royal Air Force...
of a cavalry
Cavalry
Cavalry or horsemen were soldiers or warriors who fought mounted on horseback. Cavalry were historically the third oldest and the most mobile of the combat arms...
troop
Troop
A troop is a military unit, originally a small force of cavalry, subordinate to a squadron and headed by the troop leader. In many armies a troop is the equivalent unit to the infantry section or platoon...
in the Low Countries
Low Countries
The Low Countries are the historical lands around the low-lying delta of the Rhine, Scheldt, and Meuse rivers, including the modern countries of Belgium, the Netherlands, Luxembourg and parts of northern France and western Germany....
.
Lord Willoughby rose in favor with King Charles I
Charles I of England
Charles I was King of England, King of Scotland, and King of Ireland from 27 March 1625 until his execution in 1649. Charles engaged in a struggle for power with the Parliament of England, attempting to obtain royal revenue whilst Parliament sought to curb his Royal prerogative which Charles...
and was appointed a Gentleman of the Privy Chamber, High Steward of Boston
Boston, Lincolnshire
Boston is a town and small port in Lincolnshire, on the east coast of England. It is the largest town of the wider Borough of Boston local government district and had a total population of 55,750 at the 2001 census...
, and Steward, Warden and Chief Ranger of Waltham Forest in 1634. He had married, on 18 April 1627, Martha Ramsay (née Cockayne), Dowager Countess of Holderness (d. July 1641), daughter of Sir William Cockayne
William Cockayne
Sir William Cockayne , London, England, was a seventeenth-century London merchant, alderman, and, in 1619, Lord Mayor.-Life:...
, at the Church of St Peter-le-Poor in the City of London
City of London
The City of London is a small area within Greater London, England. It is the historic core of London around which the modern conurbation grew and has held city status since time immemorial. The City’s boundaries have remained almost unchanged since the Middle Ages, and it is now only a tiny part of...
. They had eight children:
- Robert Bertie, 3rd Earl of LindseyRobert Bertie, 3rd Earl of LindseyRobert Bertie, 3rd Earl of Lindsey, 16th Baron Willoughby de Eresby, PC, FRS was a British Hereditary Peer. He was the son of Montagu Bertie, 2nd Earl of Lindsey and Martha Cokayne. His mother died shortly after his birth about July 1641.From 1661 to 1666 he was Member of Parliament for Boston in...
(1630–1701) - Hon. Peregrine BertiePeregrine Bertie (senior)Peregrine Bertie was an English politician, the second son of Montagu Bertie, 2nd Earl of Lindsey.One of the English volunteers in the French army in 1654, Bertie subsequently served as a cornet in the Royal Horse Guards in 1661, and was promoted to lieutenant in 1667 and captain from 1676 until...
(c.1634–1701) - Hon. Richard BertieRichard BertieRichard Bertie may refer to:* Richard Bertie , husband of Katherine Willoughby, duchess of Suffolk and ancestor of Princess Diana* Richard Bertie , English soldier and member of Parliament...
(c.1635 – 19 January 1685) - Hon. Vere Bertie (d. 13 February 1680)
- Hon. Charles BertieCharles Bertie (senior)Captain Charles Bertie , British diplomat, was the fifth son of Montagu Bertie, 2nd Earl of Lindsey by his first wife, Martha Cokayne. He rose to serve as Secretary to the Treasury under his brother-in-law, the Earl of Danby, from 1673 until 1679, but did not wield significant political power...
(c.1640–1711) - Lady Elizabeth Bertie (d. 1683), married the 3rd Viscount CampdenBaptist Noel, 3rd Viscount CampdenSir Baptist Noel, 3rd Viscount Campden was an English politician. He was Lord Lieutenant of Rutland, Custos Rotulorum of Rutland and the Member of Parliament for Rutland....
and had issue. - Lady Bridget Bertie (1629 – 7 January 1704), married the 1st Duke of LeedsThomas Osborne, 1st Duke of LeedsThomas Osborne, 1st Duke of Leeds, KG , English statesman , served in a variety of offices under Kings Charles II and William III of England.-Early life, 1632–1674:The son of Sir Edward Osborne, Bart., of Kiveton, Yorkshire, Thomas Osborne...
and had issue. - Lady Catherine Bertie, married Robert Dormer
In 1639, Lord Willoughby raised four companies The King's Life Guard of Foot for service in the First Bishops' War
Bishops' Wars
The Bishops' Wars , were conflicts, both political and military, which occurred in 1639 and 1640 centred around the nature of the governance of the Church of Scotland, and the rights and powers of the Crown...
and was given a Captaincy in the regiment. The following year, he was appointed High Steward of the Honour of Bolingbroke and the Manor of Sutton. When the Long Parliament
Long Parliament
The Long Parliament was made on 3 November 1640, following the Bishops' Wars. It received its name from the fact that through an Act of Parliament, it could only be dissolved with the agreement of the members, and those members did not agree to its dissolution until after the English Civil War and...
was convened on 3 November 1640, he was summoned to the House of Lords
House of Lords
The House of Lords is the upper house of the Parliament of the United Kingdom. Like the House of Commons, it meets in the Palace of Westminster....
by a writ of acceleration
Writ of acceleration
A writ in acceleration, commonly called a writ of acceleration, was a type of writ of summons to the British House of Lords that enabled the eldest son and heir apparent of a peer with multiple peerage titles to attend the British House of Lords or Irish House of Lords, using one of his father's...
as Baron Willoughby de Eresby.
English Civil War
Both Lord Willoughby and his father supported the King and raised a regiment of cavalry in LincolnshireLincolnshire
Lincolnshire is a county in the east of England. It borders Norfolk to the south east, Cambridgeshire to the south, Rutland to the south west, Leicestershire and Nottinghamshire to the west, South Yorkshire to the north west, and the East Riding of Yorkshire to the north. It also borders...
on his behalf. Lord Willoughby commanded the Life Guards at Edgehill
Battle of Edgehill
The Battle of Edgehill was the first pitched battle of the First English Civil War. It was fought near Edge Hill and Kineton in southern Warwickshire on Sunday, 23 October 1642....
, where his father was mortally wounded by a shot through the thigh, and surrendered to the Parliamentarians in order to attend his father, whom he now succeeded as Earl of Lindsey
Earl of Lindsey
Earl of Lindsey is a title in the Peerage of England. It was created in 1626 for the 14th Baron Willoughby de Eresby . He was First Lord of the Admiralty from 1635 to 1636 and also established his claim in right of his mother to the hereditary office of Lord Great Chamberlain of England...
and Lord Great Chamberlain
Lord Great Chamberlain
The Lord Great Chamberlain of England is the sixth of the Great Officers of State, ranking beneath the Lord Privy Seal and above the Lord High Constable...
. He was imprisoned in Warwick Castle
Warwick Castle
Warwick Castle is a medieval castle in Warwick, the county town of Warwickshire, England. It sits on a bend on the River Avon. The castle was built by William the Conqueror in 1068 within or adjacent to the Anglo-Saxon burh of Warwick. It was used as a fortification until the early 17th century,...
, where he defiantly wrote a declaration and justification of his loyalty to the King. He was not released until a prisoner exchange in July 1643, whereupon he rejoined the King at Oxford
Oxford
The city of Oxford is the county town of Oxfordshire, England. The city, made prominent by its medieval university, has a population of just under 165,000, with 153,900 living within the district boundary. It lies about 50 miles north-west of London. The rivers Cherwell and Thames run through...
and was appointed a Privy Counsellor
Privy Council of England
The Privy Council of England, also known as His Majesty's Most Honourable Privy Council, was a body of advisers to the sovereign of the Kingdom of England...
in December. As colonel
Colonel
Colonel , abbreviated Col or COL, is a military rank of a senior commissioned officer. It or a corresponding rank exists in most armies and in many air forces; the naval equivalent rank is generally "Captain". It is also used in some police forces and other paramilitary rank structures...
of the King's Life Guards of Foot and subsequently lieutenant-general of the Life Guards "and all the foot", he fought at Newbury
Battle of Newbury
Battle of Newbury may refer to:*First Battle of Newbury, 20 September 1643*Second Battle of Newbury, 27 October 1644*Third Battle of Newbury...
, Cropredy Bridge
Battle of Cropredy Bridge
The Battle of Cropredy Bridge was a battle of the English Civil Wars, fought on 29 June 1644 between a Parliamentarian army under Sir William Waller and the Royalist army of King Charles...
, Lostwithiel
Battle of Lostwithiel
The Battles of Lostwithiel or Lostwithiel Campaign, took place near Lostwithiel and Fowey during the First English Civil War in 1644.After defeating the Army of Sir William Waller at the Battle of Cropredy Bridge, King Charles marched west in pursuit of the Parliamentarian army of the Earl of...
, and was wounded at Naseby
Battle of Naseby
The Battle of Naseby was the key battle of the first English Civil War. On 14 June 1645, the main army of King Charles I was destroyed by the Parliamentarian New Model Army commanded by Sir Thomas Fairfax and Oliver Cromwell.-The Campaign:...
. In addition to his military services for Charles, Lindsey frequently acted as a commissioner to treat with Parliament and persistently urged reconciliation. Charles additionally honored Lindsey with the post of Gentleman of the Bedchamber
Gentleman of the Bedchamber
A Gentleman of the Bedchamber was the holder of an important office in the royal household of the Kingdom of England from the 11th century, later used also in the Kingdom of Great Britain.-Description and functions:...
from 1643 until 1649, and Steward, Keeper and Ranger of Woodstock
Woodstock, Oxfordshire
Woodstock is a small town northwest of Oxford in Oxfordshire, England. It is the location of Blenheim Palace, a UNESCO World Heritage Site.Winston Churchill was born in Blenheim Palace in 1874 and is buried in the nearby village of Bladon....
in 1644.
Lindsey was present at the surrender of Oxford
Siege of Oxford
The Siege of Oxford was a Parliamentarian victory late in the First English Civil War. Whereas the title of the event may suggest a single siege, there were in fact three individual engagements that took place over a period of three years....
in June 1646, attended the King in 1647, and finally served as a commissioner for the Treaty of Newport
Treaty of Newport
The Treaty of Newport was a failed treaty between Parliament and King Charles I of England, intended to bring an end to the hostilities of the English Civil War...
in 1648. He continued to attend Charles during his trial and accompanied the King's body to its burial at Windsor. Lindsey paid heavily for his allegiance, compounding for his estates in December 1646 at £4360 (later reduced to £2100), a sum he did not pay off until 1651. Between 1646 and 1653, he married again, to the Bridget (née Wray) Bertie, 4th Baroness Norreys, by whom he had four children:
- James Bertie, 1st Earl of AbingdonJames Bertie, 1st Earl of AbingdonJames Bertie, 1st Earl of Abingdon was an English nobleman.Bertie was the eldest son of Montagu Bertie, 2nd Earl of Lindsey by his second wife Bridget Bertie , 4th Baroness Norreys, suo jure Lady Norreys. He succeeded his mother as 5th Baron Norreys on the latter's death, c. 1657...
(1653–1699) - Hon. Edward Bertie (d. young)
- Capt. Hon. Henry BertieHenry Bertie (of Weston-on-the-Green)Captain Henry Bertie, JP , English politician, was a younger son of Montagu Bertie, 2nd Earl of Lindsey by his second wife, Lady Norreys....
(d. 1734), married Philadelphia Norreys - Lady Mary Bertie (d. 30 June 1709), married Charles Dormer, 2nd Earl of CarnarvonCharles Dormer, 2nd Earl of CarnarvonSir Charles Dormer of Wing, 3rd Baronet, 2nd Earl of Carnarvon, 2nd Viscount Ascott, 3rd Baron Dormer of Winge was an English peer....
Commonwealth and Restoration
After the death of Charles, Lindsey retired into private life, and although his movements were carefully monitored by the Council of StateEnglish Council of State
The English Council of State, later also known as the Protector's Privy Council, was first appointed by the Rump Parliament on 14 February 1649 after the execution of King Charles I....
, particularly during the Penruddock uprising
Penruddock uprising
The Penruddock uprising was one of a series of coordinated uprisings planned by the Sealed Knot for a Royalist insurrection to start in March 1655 during the Protectorate of the Lord Protector Oliver Cromwell....
and Booth
George Booth, 1st Baron Delamer
George Booth, 1st Baron Delamer , known as Sir George Booth, 2nd Baronet, from 1652 to 1661, was an English peer.-Civil War:...
's rebellion, he apparently took no part in the Royalist movement.
After the Restoration
English Restoration
The Restoration of the English monarchy began in 1660 when the English, Scottish and Irish monarchies were all restored under Charles II after the Interregnum that followed the Wars of the Three Kingdoms...
, Lindsey was re-appointed to the Privy Council, admitted as Lord Great Chamberlain, and appointed Lord Lieutenant of Lincolnshire
Lord Lieutenant of Lincolnshire
This is a list of people who have served as Lord Lieutenant of Lincolnshire. Since 1660, all Lords Lieutenant have also been Custos Rotulorum of Lincolnshire.*Edward Clinton, 1st Earl of Lincoln 1550/1552–?*Henry Manners, 2nd Earl of Rutland 1551–1563?...
. Made a Knight of the Garter on 1 April 1661, he officiated as Lord Great Chamberlain at the coronation of Charles II
Charles II of England
Charles II was monarch of the three kingdoms of England, Scotland, and Ireland.Charles II's father, King Charles I, was executed at Whitehall on 30 January 1649, at the climax of the English Civil War...
on 23 April 1661. In 1662, the office of Earl Marshal
Earl Marshal
Earl Marshal is a hereditary royal officeholder and chivalric title under the sovereign of the United Kingdom used in England...
was placed in commission and he was named one of the commissioners. Lindsey died in 1666 at Campden House, Kensington
Kensington
Kensington is a district of west and central London, England within the Royal Borough of Kensington and Chelsea. An affluent and densely-populated area, its commercial heart is Kensington High Street, and it contains the well-known museum district of South Kensington.To the north, Kensington is...
, the home of his son-in-law, and was buried at Grimsthorpe
Grimsthorpe
Grimsthorpe is a hamlet in Lincolnshire, England situated about north-west of Bourne on the A151. It falls within the parish of Edenham Grimsthorpe Elsthorpe & Scottlethorpe.Nearby is Grimsthorpe Castle....
.