Montreal Merger
Encyclopedia
As with other large cities like New York City
and Toronto
, the legal geographic boundaries of Montreal have been reorganized to incorporate adjacent communities which are integral to its social and economic life.
Until 2001, the island of Montreal
was divided into 28 municipalities: the city of Montreal
proper, and 27 independent municipalities. These formed the Montreal Urban Community
(MUC). On January 1, 2002, the 27 independent municipalities of the island of Montreal were merged with the city of Montreal, under the slogan : "Une île, une ville" ("One island, one city"). This merger was part of a larger provincial scheme launched by the Parti Québécois
all across Quebec
, resulting in the merging of many municipalities. It was felt that larger municipalities would be more efficient, and would be more able to withstand comparison with the other cities in Canada, which had already expanded their territory, such as Toronto
which merged with its neighbouring municipalities in 1998 to form the large City of Toronto.
As happened elsewhere in Canada, the city mergers in Quebec were contested by part of the population, especially on the island of Montreal. The situation on the island of Montreal was further complicated by the presence of municipalities predominantly English-speaking that were due to merge with the predominantly French-speaking city of Montreal. English speakers were afraid to lose their rights, despite claims by the mayor of Montreal that their linguistic rights would remain protected in the new city of Montreal. Many street protests were organized, law suits were filed, 15 municipalities appealed to the Court of Appeal of Quebec, but it was all to no avail. At the 2001 census, the city of Montreal (185.94 km²/71.80 sq. miles) had 1,039,534 inhabitants. After the merger, the population of the new city of Montreal (500.05 km²/193.10 sq. miles) was 1,812,723 (based on 2001 census figures). The post merger city was 169% larger in terms of land area, and had 74% more people. For comparisons, at the 2001 census the city of Toronto (629.91 km²/243.20 sq. miles) had 2,481,494 inhabitants.
The merged city of Montreal was divided into 27 boroughs
(known in French as "arrondissements") in charge of local administration, while the city above them was responsible for larger matters such as economic development or transportation issues. It is only a coincidence that there were 27 independent municipalities before 2002, and 27 arrondissements in the merged entity. In fact, in most areas the arrondissements did not correspond to the former municipalities, cutting across the territory of the former municipalities.
At the provincial elections
of April 2003, the Liberal Party of Quebec defeated the Parti Québécois. One central promise during their campaign was that they would allow merged municipalities to organize referendums in order to demerge if they wished to do so. Indeed, on June 20, 2004, the referendums were held throughout Quebec. On the island of Montreal, referendums were held in 22 of the 27 previously independent municipalities. Following the referendum results, 15 of the previously independent municipalities have recovered most of their independence. These are predominantly English-speaking municipalities, with also some French-speaking municipalities. Oddly, one of the 15 municipalities recreated, L'Île-Dorval
, had no permanent inhabitants at the 2001 census, being a cottaging island.
The demerger took place on January 1, 2006. After this date, there ware 16 municipalities on the island of Montreal (the city of Montreal proper plus 15 independent municipalities). The entity comprising the pre-merger city of Montreal plus 12 of the previously independent municipalities is now the city of Montreal, divided into 19 arrondisements. The post-demerger city of Montreal has a territory of 366.02 km² (141.3 sq. miles) and a population of 1,583,590 inhabitants (based on 2001 census figures). Compared with the pre-merger city of Montreal, this is a net increase of 96.8% in land area, and 52.3% in population. Compared with the post-merger city of Montreal, however, this is a net decrease of 26.8% in land area, and 12.64% in population.
Corporate lobbies close to the Liberal Party of Quebec stress the fact that after the demerger, the city of Montreal still has almost as many (approx. 88%) inhabitants as the unified city of Montreal (the suburban municipalities to be recreated are less densely populated than the core city), and that the overwhelming majority of industrial sites will still be located on the territory of the post-demerger city of Montreal. The post-demerger city of Montreal will be slightly greater than half the size of the post-1998 merger city of Toronto, with roughly two thirds its size in terms of population reflecting higher population density in Montreal even including those 'suburban' municipalities which opted not to demerge.
However, both the Liberal government of Quebec and the municipality of Montreal made it clear that the 15 municipalities recreated would not have as many powers as before the 2002 merger. Many powers will remain with a joint board covering the entire island of Montreal, in which the city of Montreal will have the upper hand. This board is the Montreal Agglomeration Council, a replacement for the old MUC.
Despite the demerger referendums held in 2004, the controversy is still raging in Quebec. It is now focusing on the cost of demerging. Several studies show that the recreated municipalities will incur substantial financial costs, thus forcing them to increase taxes, though proponents of the merger contest these studies.
The island of Montreal is only one component of the Montreal Metropolitan Community (MMC) (Communauté Métropolitaine de Montréal (CMM) ), in charge of planning, coordinating, and financing economic development, public transportation, garbage collection, etc., across the metropolitan area of Montreal. The Metropolitan Community of Montreal covers 3,839 km² (1,482 sq. miles), with 3,431,551 inhabitants living inside its borders in 2002; it is thus larger in area and population than the city of Toronto (even after its 1998 merger). However, the city of Toronto is larger than the city of Montreal proper, and Toronto's metro area (not a legal entity) is larger than the Montreal Metropolitan Community, with 7000 square kilometres (2,702.7 sq mi) and 5.8 million people. The president of the Montreal Metropolitan Community is the mayor of Montreal.
Municipalities listed in italics are now part of the city of Montreal, which is divided into 19 boroughs (arrondisements)
Borough
s or parts of boroughs listed in italics are former municipalities that voted on June 20, 2004 to return to being independent (15 in total), effective on January 1, 2006.
New York City
New York is the most populous city in the United States and the center of the New York Metropolitan Area, one of the most populous metropolitan areas in the world. New York exerts a significant impact upon global commerce, finance, media, art, fashion, research, technology, education, and...
and Toronto
Toronto
Toronto is the provincial capital of Ontario and the largest city in Canada. It is located in Southern Ontario on the northwestern shore of Lake Ontario. A relatively modern city, Toronto's history dates back to the late-18th century, when its land was first purchased by the British monarchy from...
, the legal geographic boundaries of Montreal have been reorganized to incorporate adjacent communities which are integral to its social and economic life.
Merger and demerger
Island of Montreal
The Island of Montreal , in extreme southwestern Quebec, Canada, is located at the confluence of the Saint Lawrence and Ottawa Rivers. It is separated from Île Jésus by the Rivière des Prairies....
was divided into 28 municipalities: the city of Montreal
Montreal
Montreal is a city in Canada. It is the largest city in the province of Quebec, the second-largest city in Canada and the seventh largest in North America...
proper, and 27 independent municipalities. These formed the Montreal Urban Community
Montreal Urban Community
The Montreal Urban Community was a regional government that covered all municipalities that later merged into the megacity of Montreal.- History :...
(MUC). On January 1, 2002, the 27 independent municipalities of the island of Montreal were merged with the city of Montreal, under the slogan : "Une île, une ville" ("One island, one city"). This merger was part of a larger provincial scheme launched by the Parti Québécois
Parti Québécois
The Parti Québécois is a centre-left political party that advocates national sovereignty for the province of Quebec and secession from Canada. The Party traditionally has support from the labour movement. Unlike many other social-democratic parties, its ties with the labour movement are informal...
all across Quebec
Quebec
Quebec or is a province in east-central Canada. It is the only Canadian province with a predominantly French-speaking population and the only one whose sole official language is French at the provincial level....
, resulting in the merging of many municipalities. It was felt that larger municipalities would be more efficient, and would be more able to withstand comparison with the other cities in Canada, which had already expanded their territory, such as Toronto
Toronto
Toronto is the provincial capital of Ontario and the largest city in Canada. It is located in Southern Ontario on the northwestern shore of Lake Ontario. A relatively modern city, Toronto's history dates back to the late-18th century, when its land was first purchased by the British monarchy from...
which merged with its neighbouring municipalities in 1998 to form the large City of Toronto.
As happened elsewhere in Canada, the city mergers in Quebec were contested by part of the population, especially on the island of Montreal. The situation on the island of Montreal was further complicated by the presence of municipalities predominantly English-speaking that were due to merge with the predominantly French-speaking city of Montreal. English speakers were afraid to lose their rights, despite claims by the mayor of Montreal that their linguistic rights would remain protected in the new city of Montreal. Many street protests were organized, law suits were filed, 15 municipalities appealed to the Court of Appeal of Quebec, but it was all to no avail. At the 2001 census, the city of Montreal (185.94 km²/71.80 sq. miles) had 1,039,534 inhabitants. After the merger, the population of the new city of Montreal (500.05 km²/193.10 sq. miles) was 1,812,723 (based on 2001 census figures). The post merger city was 169% larger in terms of land area, and had 74% more people. For comparisons, at the 2001 census the city of Toronto (629.91 km²/243.20 sq. miles) had 2,481,494 inhabitants.
Montreal borough
The city of Montreal is divided into 19 boroughs , each with a mayor and council.- Powers :The borough council is responsible for:*Fire prevention*Removal of household waste and residual materials*Funding of community...
(known in French as "arrondissements") in charge of local administration, while the city above them was responsible for larger matters such as economic development or transportation issues. It is only a coincidence that there were 27 independent municipalities before 2002, and 27 arrondissements in the merged entity. In fact, in most areas the arrondissements did not correspond to the former municipalities, cutting across the territory of the former municipalities.
At the provincial elections
Quebec general election, 2003
The Quebec general election of 2003 was held on April 14, 2003, to elect members of the National Assembly of Quebec . The Parti libéral du Québec , led by Jean Charest, defeated the incumbent Parti Québécois, led by Bernard Landry.-Unfolding:...
of April 2003, the Liberal Party of Quebec defeated the Parti Québécois. One central promise during their campaign was that they would allow merged municipalities to organize referendums in order to demerge if they wished to do so. Indeed, on June 20, 2004, the referendums were held throughout Quebec. On the island of Montreal, referendums were held in 22 of the 27 previously independent municipalities. Following the referendum results, 15 of the previously independent municipalities have recovered most of their independence. These are predominantly English-speaking municipalities, with also some French-speaking municipalities. Oddly, one of the 15 municipalities recreated, L'Île-Dorval
L'Île-Dorval, Quebec
L'Île-Dorval is a municipality and an island in southwestern Quebec, Canada, in Lac Saint-Louis off the Island of Montreal.A cottaging spot, it had only two permanent residents as of the 1996 census, making it the smallest municipality in Canada both in area and population. By the 2001 census the...
, had no permanent inhabitants at the 2001 census, being a cottaging island.
Corporate lobbies close to the Liberal Party of Quebec stress the fact that after the demerger, the city of Montreal still has almost as many (approx. 88%) inhabitants as the unified city of Montreal (the suburban municipalities to be recreated are less densely populated than the core city), and that the overwhelming majority of industrial sites will still be located on the territory of the post-demerger city of Montreal. The post-demerger city of Montreal will be slightly greater than half the size of the post-1998 merger city of Toronto, with roughly two thirds its size in terms of population reflecting higher population density in Montreal even including those 'suburban' municipalities which opted not to demerge.
However, both the Liberal government of Quebec and the municipality of Montreal made it clear that the 15 municipalities recreated would not have as many powers as before the 2002 merger. Many powers will remain with a joint board covering the entire island of Montreal, in which the city of Montreal will have the upper hand. This board is the Montreal Agglomeration Council, a replacement for the old MUC.
Despite the demerger referendums held in 2004, the controversy is still raging in Quebec. It is now focusing on the cost of demerging. Several studies show that the recreated municipalities will incur substantial financial costs, thus forcing them to increase taxes, though proponents of the merger contest these studies.
List of 27 independent municipalities until 2001
- Anjou
- BeaconsfieldBeaconsfield, QuebecBeaconsfield , 2006 Population 19,194) is a municipality on the Island of Montreal in Quebec, Canada. It is located on the north shore of Lake Saint-Louis and is bordered on the west by Baie-D'Urfé, on the north by Kirkland and on the east by Pointe-Claire...
- Baie-d'UrféBaie-d'Urfé, QuebecBaie-D'Urfé is a suburb located near to the western tip of the Island of Montreal, in Quebec, Canada. After the amalgamation of the Island's 27 distinct municipalities, it was merged on January 1, 2002 with neighbouring Beaconsfield to create the borough of Beaconsfield–Baie-D'Urfé, in the new...
- Côte Saint-LucCôte Saint-Luc, QuebecCôte Saint-Luc is a mostly residential city in Quebec, Canada, located on the Island of Montreal. The English version of this toponym is "Saint Luke's Slope".-History:...
- Dollard-des-Ormeaux
- Dorval
- HampsteadHampstead, Quebec-History:The Town of Hampstead was founded in 1914. It was designed to be an exclusive garden city. There are no retail shops within municipal boundaries. Houses were assigned relatively large lots to allow space for trees and shrubbery. The town's roads were designed with curves in order to slow...
- KirklandKirkland, QuebecKirkland is a town on the Island of Montreal in southwestern Quebec, Canada. As of 2006, the population was 20,491. It is named after Charles-Aimé Kirkland, a Quebec provincial politician....
- LachineLachine, QuebecLachine was a city on the Island of Montreal in southwestern Quebec, Canada. It is now a borough within the city of Montreal.-History:...
- LaSalle
- L'Île-BizardL'Île-Bizard, QuebecVille de L'Île-Bizard is a former municipality located on Île Bizard, an island northwest of the Island of Montreal. It was originally incorporated as a municipality on July 1, 1855 as Paroisse de Saint-Raphael-de l'Ile-Bizard....
- L'Île-DorvalL'Île-Dorval, QuebecL'Île-Dorval is a municipality and an island in southwestern Quebec, Canada, in Lac Saint-Louis off the Island of Montreal.A cottaging spot, it had only two permanent residents as of the 1996 census, making it the smallest municipality in Canada both in area and population. By the 2001 census the...
- Montréal-EstMontréal-Est, QuebecMontreal East , is a town in southwestern Quebec, Canada on the island of Montreal, formerly part of the borough of Rivière-des-Prairies–Pointe-aux-Trembles–Montréal-Est. Montreal-Est has consistently been the home to many large oil refineries since 1915.Montreal-Est was originally founded in 1910...
- Montreal NorthMontréal-NordMontreal North is a borough of the city of Montreal, Quebec, Canada. It consists entirely of the former city of Montréal-Nord on Island of Montreal in southwestern Quebec, Canada. It was amalgamated into the City of Montreal on January 1, 2002...
(Montréal-Nord) - Montreal WestMontreal West, QuebecMontreal West is a town in southwestern Quebec, Canada on the Island of Montreal. On January 1, 2002 it, along with its neighboring suburbs of Côte Saint-Luc and Hampstead, was merged into a borough of the City of Montreal to be known as Côte-Saint-Luc—Hampstead—Montréal-Ouest, though 97% of the...
- Mount RoyalMount Royal, QuebecMount Royal is a town located on the northwest side of Mount Royal, north of downtown Montreal, on the Island of Montreal in southwestern Quebec, Canada. The town is completely surrounded by Montreal. The population was 18,933 at the 2006 census...
(Mont-Royal) - Outremont
- PierrefondsPierrefonds, QuebecPierrefonds was a city on the Island of Montreal. It ceased to exist on January 1, 2002. The city was located along the Rivière des Prairies at the western end of the island...
- Pointe-Claire
- RoxboroRoxboro, QuebecRoxboro was a city on the Island of Montreal. It ceased to exist on January 1, 2002. The city was located along the Rivière des Prairies near the western end of the island. Its population, at that time, was 6,000.- History :...
- Sainte-Anne-de-BellevueSainte-Anne-de-Bellevue, QuebecSainte-Anne-de-Bellevue is a town located at the western tip of the Island of Montreal in southwestern Quebec, Canada. It is the second oldest community in Montreal's West Island, having been founded as a parish in 1703...
- Sainte-GenevièveSainte-Geneviève, Quebecthumb|upright|left|Église Sainte-GenevièveSainte-Geneviève is a former municipality located on the Island of Montreal in southwestern Quebec, Canada...
- Saint-LaurentSaint-Laurent, QuebecSaint-Laurent is a former city on the Island of Montreal in southwestern Quebec, Canada. It is now the largest in area of the boroughs of the city of Montreal....
- Saint Leonard (Saint-Léonard)
- SennevilleSenneville, QuebecSenneville is a village on the western tip of the Island of Montreal. It is the wealthiest town on the West Island, closely followed by Dollard-des-Ormeaux and Baie D'Urfé...
- Verdun
- WestmountWestmount, QuebecWestmount is a city on the Island of Montreal, an enclave of the city of Montreal, in southwestern Quebec, Canada; pop. 20,494; area 4.02 km²; population density of 5,092.56 inhabitants/km²....
Municipalities listed in italics are now part of the city of Montreal, which is divided into 19 boroughs (arrondisements)
27 Boroughs under "Une île, une ville" (2002-2005)
- Ahuntsic-CartiervilleAhuntsic-CartiervilleAhuntsic-Cartierville is a borough of the city of Montreal, Quebec, Canada.-Geography:The borough is located in the northern part of Montreal along the banks of the Rivière des Prairies, and includes some islands in the river such as Île aux Chats, Île Perry, and Île de la Visitation...
- Anjou
- Beaconsfield—Baie-d'Urfé
- Côte-des-Neiges–Notre-Dame-de-GrâceCôte-des-Neiges–Notre-Dame-de-GrâceCôte-des-Neiges–Notre-Dame-de-Grâce is a borough of Montreal, Quebec, Canada-Geography:Located to the north and west of Mount Royal, it was part of the City of Montreal prior to the 2002 municipal mergers...
- Côte Saint-Luc—Hampstead—Montreal West
- Dollard-Des Ormeaux—Roxboro
- Dorval—L'Île-Dorval
- KirklandKirkland, QuebecKirkland is a town on the Island of Montreal in southwestern Quebec, Canada. As of 2006, the population was 20,491. It is named after Charles-Aimé Kirkland, a Quebec provincial politician....
- Lachine
- LaSalleLaSalle (borough)LaSalle is a community in the Greater Montreal Region of Quebec, Canada. Of which, for quite a lengthy time was once a municipality following the town's inaugural foundation in 1912 until the classification as a borough of the city of Montreal during the 2002 amalgamation.All of which was a...
- L'Île-Bizard—Sainte-Geneviève—Sainte-Anne-de-Bellevue
- Mercier–Hochelaga-MaisonneuveMercier–Hochelaga-MaisonneuveMercier–Hochelaga-Maisonneuve is a borough of Montreal, Quebec.-History:In 1860, Hochelaga developed as a village counting a little more than 1000 inhabitants. In 1874, Hudon — a cotton factory- moved in...
- Montreal North (Montréal-Nord)
- Mount RoyalMount Royal, QuebecMount Royal is a town located on the northwest side of Mount Royal, north of downtown Montreal, on the Island of Montreal in southwestern Quebec, Canada. The town is completely surrounded by Montreal. The population was 18,933 at the 2006 census...
(Mont-Royal) - OutremontOutremont (borough)Outremont is a borough of the city of Montreal, Quebec, Canada. It consists entirely of the former city on the Island of Montreal in southwestern Quebec, Canada...
- Pierrefonds-SennevillePierrefonds-SennevillePierrefonds-Senneville is a former Montreal borough in the West Island area of Montreal, Quebec.It was formed by forced merger on January 1, 2002...
- Le Plateau-Mont-RoyalLe Plateau-Mont-RoyalLe Plateau-Mont-Royal is a borough of the city of Montreal, Quebec, Canada.The Plateau-Mont-Royal takes its name from its location on relatively flat terrain north of Sherbrooke Street and downtown, and east of Mont-Royal...
- Pointe-Claire
- Rivière-des-Prairies—Pointe-aux-Trembles—Montréal-Est
- Rosemont—La Petite-Patrie
- Saint-Laurent
- Saint Leonard (Saint-Léonard)
- Le Sud-OuestLe Sud-OuestLe Sud-Ouest is a borough of the city of Montreal, Quebec, Canada.-Geography:Le Sud-Ouest is an amalgam of several neighbourhoods with highly distinct histories and identities, mainly with working-class and industrial origins, grouped around the Lachine Canal...
- VerdunVerdun (borough)Verdun is a borough of the city of Montreal, Quebec, situated along the St. Lawrence River. It consists of the former city of Verdun, which was merged with the city of Montreal on January 1, 2002. Verdun did not hold a demerger referendum on June 20, 2004. Verdun was founded in 1671, making it...
- Ville-Marie
- Villeray—Saint-Michel—Parc-Extension
- WestmountWestmount, QuebecWestmount is a city on the Island of Montreal, an enclave of the city of Montreal, in southwestern Quebec, Canada; pop. 20,494; area 4.02 km²; population density of 5,092.56 inhabitants/km²....
Borough
Borough
A borough is an administrative division in various countries. In principle, the term borough designates a self-governing township although, in practice, official use of the term varies widely....
s or parts of boroughs listed in italics are former municipalities that voted on June 20, 2004 to return to being independent (15 in total), effective on January 1, 2006.
Changes after the Demerger of 2006
- Ahuntsic-CartiervilleAhuntsic-CartiervilleAhuntsic-Cartierville is a borough of the city of Montreal, Quebec, Canada.-Geography:The borough is located in the northern part of Montreal along the banks of the Rivière des Prairies, and includes some islands in the river such as Île aux Chats, Île Perry, and Île de la Visitation...
remained unchanged. - Anjou remained unchanged.
- Beaconsfield—Baie-d'Urfé dissolved to form the two municipalities of BeaconsfieldBeaconsfield, QuebecBeaconsfield , 2006 Population 19,194) is a municipality on the Island of Montreal in Quebec, Canada. It is located on the north shore of Lake Saint-Louis and is bordered on the west by Baie-D'Urfé, on the north by Kirkland and on the east by Pointe-Claire...
and Baie-d'Urfé. - Côte-des-Neiges–Notre-Dame-de-GrâceCôte-des-Neiges–Notre-Dame-de-GrâceCôte-des-Neiges–Notre-Dame-de-Grâce is a borough of Montreal, Quebec, Canada-Geography:Located to the north and west of Mount Royal, it was part of the City of Montreal prior to the 2002 municipal mergers...
remained unchanged. - Côte Saint-Luc—Hampstead—Montreal West dissolved to form the three municipalities of Côte Saint-Luc, HampsteadHampstead, Quebec-History:The Town of Hampstead was founded in 1914. It was designed to be an exclusive garden city. There are no retail shops within municipal boundaries. Houses were assigned relatively large lots to allow space for trees and shrubbery. The town's roads were designed with curves in order to slow...
, and Montreal West. - Dollard-Des Ormeaux—Roxboro: Dollard-des-Ormeaux demerged, Roxboro did not and merged with Pierrefonds to form Pierrefonds-RoxboroPierrefonds-RoxboroPierrefonds-Roxboro is a borough of the city of Montreal. It is composed of the former municipalities of Pierrefonds and Roxboro, spanning the northern part of the West Island...
borough. - Dorval—L'Île-Dorval dissolved to form the two municipalities of Dorval and L'Île-Dorval.
- KirklandKirkland, QuebecKirkland is a town on the Island of Montreal in southwestern Quebec, Canada. As of 2006, the population was 20,491. It is named after Charles-Aimé Kirkland, a Quebec provincial politician....
demerged and became the municipality of Kirkland. - Lachine remained unchanged.
- LaSalleLaSalle (borough)LaSalle is a community in the Greater Montreal Region of Quebec, Canada. Of which, for quite a lengthy time was once a municipality following the town's inaugural foundation in 1912 until the classification as a borough of the city of Montreal during the 2002 amalgamation.All of which was a...
remained unchanged. - Le Plateau-Mont-RoyalLe Plateau-Mont-RoyalLe Plateau-Mont-Royal is a borough of the city of Montreal, Quebec, Canada.The Plateau-Mont-Royal takes its name from its location on relatively flat terrain north of Sherbrooke Street and downtown, and east of Mont-Royal...
remained unchanged. - Le Sud-OuestLe Sud-OuestLe Sud-Ouest is a borough of the city of Montreal, Quebec, Canada.-Geography:Le Sud-Ouest is an amalgam of several neighbourhoods with highly distinct histories and identities, mainly with working-class and industrial origins, grouped around the Lachine Canal...
remained unchanged. - L'Île-Bizard—Sainte-Geneviève—Sainte-Anne-de-Bellevue became L'Île-Bizard—Sainte-Geneviève after Sainte-Anne-de-Bellevue demerged.
- Mercier–Hochelaga-MaisonneuveMercier–Hochelaga-MaisonneuveMercier–Hochelaga-Maisonneuve is a borough of Montreal, Quebec.-History:In 1860, Hochelaga developed as a village counting a little more than 1000 inhabitants. In 1874, Hudon — a cotton factory- moved in...
remained unchanged. - Montreal North (Montréal-Nord) remained unchanged.
- Mount RoyalMount Royal, QuebecMount Royal is a town located on the northwest side of Mount Royal, north of downtown Montreal, on the Island of Montreal in southwestern Quebec, Canada. The town is completely surrounded by Montreal. The population was 18,933 at the 2006 census...
(Mont-Royal) demerged and became the municipality of Mount-Royal. - OutremontOutremont (borough)Outremont is a borough of the city of Montreal, Quebec, Canada. It consists entirely of the former city on the Island of Montreal in southwestern Quebec, Canada...
remained unchanged. - Pierrefonds-SennevillePierrefonds-SennevillePierrefonds-Senneville is a former Montreal borough in the West Island area of Montreal, Quebec.It was formed by forced merger on January 1, 2002...
: Senneville demerged, Pierrefonds did not and merged with Roxboro to form Pierrefonds-RoxboroPierrefonds-RoxboroPierrefonds-Roxboro is a borough of the city of Montreal. It is composed of the former municipalities of Pierrefonds and Roxboro, spanning the northern part of the West Island...
borough. - Pointe-Claire demerged and became the municipality of Pointe-Claire.
- Rivière-des-Prairies—Pointe-aux-Trembles—Montréal-Est became Rivière-des-Prairies—Pointe-aux-Trembles after Montréal-Est demerged.
- Rosemont-La Petite-Patrie remained unchanged.
- Saint-Laurent remained unchanged.
- Saint Leonard (Saint-Léonard) remained unchanged.
- VerdunVerdun (borough)Verdun is a borough of the city of Montreal, Quebec, situated along the St. Lawrence River. It consists of the former city of Verdun, which was merged with the city of Montreal on January 1, 2002. Verdun did not hold a demerger referendum on June 20, 2004. Verdun was founded in 1671, making it...
remained unchanged. - Ville-Marie remained unchanged.
- Villeray—Saint-Michel—Parc-Extension remained unchanged.
- WestmountWestmount, QuebecWestmount is a city on the Island of Montreal, an enclave of the city of Montreal, in southwestern Quebec, Canada; pop. 20,494; area 4.02 km²; population density of 5,092.56 inhabitants/km²....
demerged and became the municipality of Westmount.
After 2006
- City of MontrealMontrealMontreal is a city in Canada. It is the largest city in the province of Quebec, the second-largest city in Canada and the seventh largest in North America...
- Ahuntsic-CartiervilleAhuntsic-CartiervilleAhuntsic-Cartierville is a borough of the city of Montreal, Quebec, Canada.-Geography:The borough is located in the northern part of Montreal along the banks of the Rivière des Prairies, and includes some islands in the river such as Île aux Chats, Île Perry, and Île de la Visitation...
- Anjou
- Côte-des-Neiges–Notre-Dame-de-GrâceCôte-des-Neiges–Notre-Dame-de-GrâceCôte-des-Neiges–Notre-Dame-de-Grâce is a borough of Montreal, Quebec, Canada-Geography:Located to the north and west of Mount Royal, it was part of the City of Montreal prior to the 2002 municipal mergers...
- Lachine
- LaSalleLaSalle (borough)LaSalle is a community in the Greater Montreal Region of Quebec, Canada. Of which, for quite a lengthy time was once a municipality following the town's inaugural foundation in 1912 until the classification as a borough of the city of Montreal during the 2002 amalgamation.All of which was a...
- Le Plateau-Mont-RoyalLe Plateau-Mont-RoyalLe Plateau-Mont-Royal is a borough of the city of Montreal, Quebec, Canada.The Plateau-Mont-Royal takes its name from its location on relatively flat terrain north of Sherbrooke Street and downtown, and east of Mont-Royal...
- Le Sud-OuestLe Sud-OuestLe Sud-Ouest is a borough of the city of Montreal, Quebec, Canada.-Geography:Le Sud-Ouest is an amalgam of several neighbourhoods with highly distinct histories and identities, mainly with working-class and industrial origins, grouped around the Lachine Canal...
- L'Île-Bizard–Sainte-GenevièveL'Île-Bizard–Sainte-GenevièveL'Île-Bizard–Sainte-Geneviève is a borough of the city of Montreal.-Geography:The borough is composed of the former municipalities of L'Île-Bizard and Sainte-Geneviève. The first is a separate island, the largest of the City of Montreal besides the Island of Montreal itself, and the second is a...
- Mercier–Hochelaga-MaisonneuveMercier–Hochelaga-MaisonneuveMercier–Hochelaga-Maisonneuve is a borough of Montreal, Quebec.-History:In 1860, Hochelaga developed as a village counting a little more than 1000 inhabitants. In 1874, Hudon — a cotton factory- moved in...
- Montréal-NordMontréal-NordMontreal North is a borough of the city of Montreal, Quebec, Canada. It consists entirely of the former city of Montréal-Nord on Island of Montreal in southwestern Quebec, Canada. It was amalgamated into the City of Montreal on January 1, 2002...
- OutremontOutremont (borough)Outremont is a borough of the city of Montreal, Quebec, Canada. It consists entirely of the former city on the Island of Montreal in southwestern Quebec, Canada...
- Pierrefonds-RoxboroPierrefonds-RoxboroPierrefonds-Roxboro is a borough of the city of Montreal. It is composed of the former municipalities of Pierrefonds and Roxboro, spanning the northern part of the West Island...
- Rivière-des-Prairies–Pointe-aux-TremblesRivière-des-Prairies–Pointe-aux-TremblesRivière-des-Prairies–Pointe-aux-Trembles is a suburban borough on the eastern tip of the city of Montreal, Quebec, Canada. It is the farthest borough in the eastern end of the island of Montreal.-Geography:...
- Rosemont–La Petite-PatrieRosemont–La Petite-PatrieRosemont–La Petite-Patrie is a borough in the city of Montreal, Quebec, Canada. It is located in the centre-east of the city.-Geography:...
- Saint-Laurent
- Saint-LéonardSaint-Léonard (borough)Saint Leonard is a borough of Montreal, Quebec, Canada. Formerly a separate city, it was amalgamated into the city of Montreal in 2002.The former city was originally called St...
- VerdunVerdun (borough)Verdun is a borough of the city of Montreal, Quebec, situated along the St. Lawrence River. It consists of the former city of Verdun, which was merged with the city of Montreal on January 1, 2002. Verdun did not hold a demerger referendum on June 20, 2004. Verdun was founded in 1671, making it...
- Ville-Marie
- Villeray–Saint-Michel–Parc-ExtensionVilleray–Saint-Michel–Parc-ExtensionVilleray–Saint-Michel–Parc-Extension is a borough in the city of Montreal, Quebec. It has a population of 145,485 and an area of 16,05 km².-Location:...
- Ahuntsic-Cartierville
- Baie-D'UrféBaie-d'Urfé, QuebecBaie-D'Urfé is a suburb located near to the western tip of the Island of Montreal, in Quebec, Canada. After the amalgamation of the Island's 27 distinct municipalities, it was merged on January 1, 2002 with neighbouring Beaconsfield to create the borough of Beaconsfield–Baie-D'Urfé, in the new...
- BeaconsfieldBeaconsfield, QuebecBeaconsfield , 2006 Population 19,194) is a municipality on the Island of Montreal in Quebec, Canada. It is located on the north shore of Lake Saint-Louis and is bordered on the west by Baie-D'Urfé, on the north by Kirkland and on the east by Pointe-Claire...
- Côte Saint-LucCôte Saint-Luc, QuebecCôte Saint-Luc is a mostly residential city in Quebec, Canada, located on the Island of Montreal. The English version of this toponym is "Saint Luke's Slope".-History:...
- Dollard-des-Ormeaux
- DorvalDorval, QuebecDorval is a city on the island of Montreal in southwestern Quebec, Canada. As of the 2006 Canadian Census, the population increased by 2.2% to 18,088. Although the city has the largest surface area in the West Island, it is among the least densely populated...
- HampsteadHampstead, Quebec-History:The Town of Hampstead was founded in 1914. It was designed to be an exclusive garden city. There are no retail shops within municipal boundaries. Houses were assigned relatively large lots to allow space for trees and shrubbery. The town's roads were designed with curves in order to slow...
- KirklandKirkland, QuebecKirkland is a town on the Island of Montreal in southwestern Quebec, Canada. As of 2006, the population was 20,491. It is named after Charles-Aimé Kirkland, a Quebec provincial politician....
- L'Île-DorvalL'Île-Dorval, QuebecL'Île-Dorval is a municipality and an island in southwestern Quebec, Canada, in Lac Saint-Louis off the Island of Montreal.A cottaging spot, it had only two permanent residents as of the 1996 census, making it the smallest municipality in Canada both in area and population. By the 2001 census the...
- Montréal-EstMontréal-Est, QuebecMontreal East , is a town in southwestern Quebec, Canada on the island of Montreal, formerly part of the borough of Rivière-des-Prairies–Pointe-aux-Trembles–Montréal-Est. Montreal-Est has consistently been the home to many large oil refineries since 1915.Montreal-Est was originally founded in 1910...
- Montréal West
- Mount Royal
- Pointe-Claire
- Sainte-Anne-de-BellevueSainte-Anne-de-Bellevue, QuebecSainte-Anne-de-Bellevue is a town located at the western tip of the Island of Montreal in southwestern Quebec, Canada. It is the second oldest community in Montreal's West Island, having been founded as a parish in 1703...
- SennevilleSenneville, QuebecSenneville is a village on the western tip of the Island of Montreal. It is the wealthiest town on the West Island, closely followed by Dollard-des-Ormeaux and Baie D'Urfé...
- WestmountWestmount, QuebecWestmount is a city on the Island of Montreal, an enclave of the city of Montreal, in southwestern Quebec, Canada; pop. 20,494; area 4.02 km²; population density of 5,092.56 inhabitants/km²....
See also
- Merger (politics)
- City of MontrealMontrealMontreal is a city in Canada. It is the largest city in the province of Quebec, the second-largest city in Canada and the seventh largest in North America...
- History of MontrealHistory of MontrealThe human history of Montreal, located in Quebec, Canada, spans some 8,000 years. At the time of European contact, the area was inhabited by the St. Lawrence Iroquoians, a discrete and distinct group of Iroquoian-speaking indigenous people. They spoke Laurentian...
- Reorganization of Montreal
- Municipal reorganization in QuebecMunicipal reorganization in QuebecThe most recent episode of municipal reorganization in Quebec, Canada, was undertaken in 2002 by the Parti Québécois Government of Quebec, headed by Premier Lucien Bouchard and his successor Bernard Landry....