Morbio Inferiore
Encyclopedia
Morbio Inferiore is a municipality
in the canton
of Ticino
in Switzerland
in the hills above Chiasso
. It is located in the district of Mendrisio
.
The area near Morbio Inferiore was inhabited during the Roman era
. The remains of the Roman settlement include some tombs, the remains of a villa and some roman baths
. During the Middle Ages
the village belonged to Pieve
of Balerna
. A castle was built above the village in 1198, probably on the site of an older fort. Between 1467-68 the town of Mendrisio
fought the Duke of Milan for the possession of Morbio. It was awarded to Mendrisio and then subsequently sold. In 1473 it was pawned by the Duke of Milan to Pietro da Oli and again in 1482 to Roberto Sanseverino. Early in the 16th Century it came to the Trivulzio family, who sold it to the Swiss Confederation
. The Swiss destroyed the entire castle, except for the chapel, in 1517.
On the castle's foundations church of S. Maria dei Miracoli was built some time after 1595. The church was consecrated in 1613 and raised in 1776 to a parish church
, when Morbio separated from the parish
of Balerna. The parish church was renovated in 1974 and again in 1999-2001. The church of San Giorgio, which was part of the vice parish until 1713, was built in 1309 and restored in 1975-78. The Chapel of San Rocco was first mentioned in 1578. It was totally rebuilt in 1760 and renovated in 1985.
Traditionally, the municipal economy was based on viticulture
, the cultivation of mulberry trees and maize. In the 20th Century, the population and economy changed when large bakery, brewery, cement factory and later the textile and watchmaking industries moved into the municipality. In 2000 three-quarters of the population worked outside the community. In 2001, the Parco delle Gole della naturale (Natural Park) was inaugurated along the Breggia
river.
Of the built up area, industrial buildings made up 2.6% of the total area while housing and buildings made up 31.4% and transportation infrastructure made up 10.0%. Power and water infrastructure as well as other special developed areas made up 1.7% of the area while parks, green belts and sports fields made up 2.6%. Out of the forested land, 16.2% of the total land area is heavily forested and 7.4% is covered with orchards or small clusters of trees. Of the agricultural land, 15.7% is used for growing crops, while 8.3% is used for orchards or vine crops and 31.4% is used for alpine pastures. All the water in the municipality is flowing water.
The municipality is located in the Mendrisio district. It consists of the haufendorf village (an irregular, unplanned and quite closely packed village, built around a central square) of Morbio Inferiore.
of the municipal coat of arms
is Per pale gules and argent overall a castle with two towers counterchanged.
(3,714 or 90.5%), with German
being second most common (210 or 5.1%) and French
being third (49 or 1.2%). There are 4 people who speak Romansh.
, the gender distribution of the population was 47.6% male and 52.4% female. The population was made up of 1,621 Swiss men (35.8% of the population), and 536 (11.8%) non-Swiss men. There were 1,899 Swiss women (41.9%), and 476 (10.5%) non-Swiss women. Of the population in the municipality 1,038 or about 25.3% were born in Morbio Inferiore and lived there in 2000. There were 1,315 or 32.0% who were born in the same canton, while 421 or 10.3% were born somewhere else in Switzerland, and 1,215 or 29.6% were born outside of Switzerland.
In there were 33 live births to Swiss citizens and 6 births to non-Swiss citizens, and in same time span there were 24 deaths of Swiss citizens and 8 non-Swiss citizen deaths. Ignoring immigration and emigration, the population of Swiss citizens increased by 9 while the foreign population decreased by 2. There were 4 Swiss men and 4 Swiss women who immigrated back to Switzerland. At the same time, there were 20 non-Swiss men and 28 non-Swiss women who immigrated from another country to Switzerland. The total Swiss population change in 2008 (from all sources, including moves across municipal borders) was an increase of 46 and the non-Swiss population change was an increase of 63 people. This represents a population growth rate of 2.5%.
The age distribution, , in Morbio Inferiore is; 423 children or 9.3% of the population are between 0 and 9 years old and 489 teenagers or 10.8% are between 10 and 19. Of the adult population, 460 people or 10.2% of the population are between 20 and 29 years old. 601 people or 13.3% are between 30 and 39, 814 people or 18.0% are between 40 and 49, and 605 people or 13.3% are between 50 and 59. The senior population distribution is 534 people or 11.8% of the population are between 60 and 69 years old, 398 people or 8.8% are between 70 and 79, there are 208 people or 4.6% who are over 80.
, there were 1,545 people who were single and never married in the municipality. There were 2,115 married individuals, 272 widows or widowers and 173 individuals who are divorced.
the average number of residents per living room was 0.59 which is about equal to the cantonal average of 0.6 per room. In this case, a room is defined as space of a housing unit of at least 4 m² (43.1 sq ft) as normal bedrooms, dining rooms, living rooms, kitchens and habitable cellars and attics. About 41.7% of the total households were owner occupied, or in other words did not pay rent (though they may have a mortgage
or a rent-to-own agreement).
, there were 1,661 private households in the municipality, and an average of 2.4 persons per household. There were 449 households that consist of only one person and 60 households with five or more people. there were 547 single family homes (or 66.9% of the total) out of a total of 818 inhabited buildings. There were 221 multi-family buildings (27.0%), along with 25 multi-purpose buildings that were mostly used for housing (3.1%) and 25 other use buildings (commercial or industrial) that also had some housing (3.1%). Of the single family homes 22 were built before 1919, while 61 were built between 1990 and 2000. The greatest number of single family homes (168) were built between 1981 and 1990.
there were 1,891 apartments in the municipality. The most common apartment size was 4 rooms of which there were 670. There were 43 single room apartments and 507 apartments with five or more rooms. Of these apartments, a total of 1,659 apartments (87.7% of the total) were permanently occupied, while 43 apartments (2.3%) were seasonally occupied and 189 apartments (10.0%) were empty. The vacancy rate for the municipality, , was 3.51%. , the construction rate of new housing units was 3.7 new units per 1000 residents.
Out of a total of 1,663 households that answered this question, 27.0% were households made up of just one person and 37 were adults who lived with their parents. Of the rest of the households, there are 412 married couples without children, 619 married couples with children There were 117 single parents with a child or children. There were 27 households that were made up unrelated people and 2 households that were made some sort of institution or another collective housing.
The historical population is given in the following chart:
of S. Maria Dei Miracoli, the Secondary School and Villa Valsangiacomo are listed as Swiss heritage site of national significance
.
the most popular party was the CVP
which received 25.78% of the vote. The next three most popular parties were the FDP
(20.5%), the SP
(19.82%) and the Ticino League
(19.11%). In the federal election, a total of 1,309 votes were cast, and the voter turnout
was 46.6%.
In the Gran Consiglio election, there were a total of 2,794 registered voters in Morbio Inferiore, of which 1,703 or 61.0% voted. 30 blank ballots were cast, leaving 1,673 valid ballots in the election. The most popular party was the PPD
+GenGiova which received 351 or 21.0% of the vote. The next three most popular parties were; the PLRT
(with 344 or 20.6%), the LEGA
(with 282 or 16.9%) and the PS
(with 281 or 16.8%).
In the Consiglio di Stato election, 17 blank ballots and 5 null ballots were cast, leaving 1,681 valid ballots in the election. The most popular party was the LEGA which received 367 or 21.8% of the vote. The next three most popular parties were; the PPD (with 343 or 20.4%), the PLRT (with 332 or 19.8%) and the PS (with 320 or 19.0%).
the total number of full-time equivalent jobs was 1,158. The number of jobs in the primary sector was 7, all of which were in agriculture. The number of jobs in the secondary sector was 240, of which 114 or (47.5%) were in manufacturing and 126 (52.5%) were in construction. The number of jobs in the tertiary sector was 911. In the tertiary sector; 407 or 44.7% were in the sale or repair of motor vehicles, 24 or 2.6% were in the movement and storage of goods, 72 or 7.9% were in a hotel or restaurant, 13 or 1.4% were in the information industry, 21 or 2.3% were the insurance or financial industry, 55 or 6.0% were technical professionals or scientists, 104 or 11.4% were in education and 134 or 14.7% were in health care.
, there were 1,357 workers who commuted into the municipality and 1,451 workers who commuted away. The municipality is a net exporter of workers, with about 1.1 workers leaving the municipality for every one entering. About 29.6% of the workforce coming into Morbio Inferiore are coming from outside Switzerland, while 1.4% of the locals commute out of Switzerland for work. Of the working population, 8% used public transportation to get to work, and 68.7% used a private car.
. Of the rest of the population, there were 23 members of an Orthodox church
(or about 0.56% of the population), there were 8 individuals (or about 0.19% of the population) who belonged to the Christian Catholic Church
, and, there were 33 individuals (or about 0.80% of the population) who belonged to another Christian church. There were 2 individuals who were Buddhist
, 13 individuals who were Hindu
and 1 individual who belonged to another church. 204 (or about 4.97% of the population) belonged to no church, are agnostic
or atheist
, and 192 individuals (or about 4.68% of the population) did not answer the question.
). Of the 432 who completed tertiary schooling, 50.5% were Swiss men, 27.5% were Swiss women, 15.0% were non-Swiss men and 6.9% were non-Swiss women.
In Morbio Inferiore there were a total of 704 students . The Ticino education system
provides up to three years of non-mandatory kindergarten
and in Morbio Inferiore there were 119 children in kindergarten. The primary school program lasts for five years and includes both a standard school and a special school. In the municipality, 193 students attended the standard primary schools and 8 students attended the special school. In the lower secondary school system, students either attend a two year middle school followed by a two year pre-apprenticeship or they attend a four year program to prepare for higher education. There were 178 students in the two year middle school and 3 in their pre-apprenticeship, while 87 students were in the four year advanced program.
The upper secondary school includes several options, but at the end of the upper secondary program, a student will be prepared to enter a trade or to continue on to a university or college. In Ticino, vocational students may either attend school while working on their internship or apprenticeship (which takes three or four years) or may attend school followed by an internship or apprenticeship (which takes one year as a full-time student or one and a half to two years as a part-time student). There were 48 vocational students who were attending school full-time and 60 who attend part-time.
The professional program lasts three years and prepares a student for a job in engineering, nursing, computer science, business, tourism and similar fields. There were 8 students in the professional program.
, there were 219 students in Morbio Inferiore who came from another municipality, while 254 residents attended schools outside the municipality.
it is while crossing the gorge of Morbio Inferiore that 'servant' Leo suddenly disappears allegorically taking with him Herman Hesse's previous faith in the whole Journey (ie in spiritual development).
In The Glass Bead Game
, Hesse mentions a supposed concert hall featuring a perfect (ie allegorical) Bach organ as being sited between Morbio and Bremgarten
Municipalities of Switzerland
Communes , also known as municipalities, are the smallest government division in Switzerland, numbering 2,596 . While many have a population of a few hundred citizens, the largest cities such as Zürich or Geneva also have the legal status of municipalities...
in the canton
Cantons of Switzerland
The 26 cantons of Switzerland are the member states of the federal state of Switzerland. Each canton was a fully sovereign state with its own borders, army and currency from the Treaty of Westphalia until the establishment of the Swiss federal state in 1848...
of Ticino
Ticino
Canton Ticino or Ticino is the southernmost canton of Switzerland. Named after the Ticino river, it is the only canton in which Italian is the sole official language...
in Switzerland
Switzerland
Switzerland name of one of the Swiss cantons. ; ; ; or ), in its full name the Swiss Confederation , is a federal republic consisting of 26 cantons, with Bern as the seat of the federal authorities. The country is situated in Western Europe,Or Central Europe depending on the definition....
in the hills above Chiasso
Chiasso
Chiasso is a municipality in the district of Mendrisio in the canton of Ticino in Switzerland.As the southernmost of Switzerland's municipalities, Chiasso is located at the border with Italy, in front of Ponte Chiasso...
. It is located in the district of Mendrisio
Mendrisio (district)
The district of Mendrisio is the southernmost district of canton of Ticino and of Switzerland. To its north lies the district of Lugano. It is surrounded on the other three sides by Italy: to the east and south by the province of Como, and to the west by the province of Varese...
.
History
Morbio Inferiore is first mentioned in 1148 as Morbio Subteriori. In 1198 it was mentioned as Morbio inferiori.The area near Morbio Inferiore was inhabited during the Roman era
Switzerland in the Roman era
The history of Switzerland in the Roman era encompasses the roughly six centuries during which the territory of modern Switzerland was a part of the Roman Republic and Empire...
. The remains of the Roman settlement include some tombs, the remains of a villa and some roman baths
Thermae
In ancient Rome, thermae and balnea were facilities for bathing...
. During the Middle Ages
Middle Ages
The Middle Ages is a periodization of European history from the 5th century to the 15th century. The Middle Ages follows the fall of the Western Roman Empire in 476 and precedes the Early Modern Era. It is the middle period of a three-period division of Western history: Classic, Medieval and Modern...
the village belonged to Pieve
Pieve
In the Middle Ages, a pieve was a rural church with a baptistery, upon which other churches without baptisteries depended.The Italian word pieve is descended from Latin plebs which, after the expansion of Christianity in Italy, was applied to the community of baptized people...
of Balerna
Balerna
Balerna is a municipality in the district of Mendrisio in the canton of Ticino in Switzerland.-History:Balerna is first mentioned in 1115 as Barerna. In 844 and 865, the monastery of S. Ambrogio in Milan purchased land in the concilium of Castel S. Pietro which would have included Balerna. In the...
. A castle was built above the village in 1198, probably on the site of an older fort. Between 1467-68 the town of Mendrisio
Mendrisio
Mendrisio is a municipality in the district of Mendrisio in the canton of Ticino in Switzerland.Mendrisio is the seat of the Accademia di Architettura of the university of Italian speaking Switzerland ....
fought the Duke of Milan for the possession of Morbio. It was awarded to Mendrisio and then subsequently sold. In 1473 it was pawned by the Duke of Milan to Pietro da Oli and again in 1482 to Roberto Sanseverino. Early in the 16th Century it came to the Trivulzio family, who sold it to the Swiss Confederation
Old Swiss Confederacy
The Old Swiss Confederacy was the precursor of modern-day Switzerland....
. The Swiss destroyed the entire castle, except for the chapel, in 1517.
On the castle's foundations church of S. Maria dei Miracoli was built some time after 1595. The church was consecrated in 1613 and raised in 1776 to a parish church
Parish church
A parish church , in Christianity, is the church which acts as the religious centre of a parish, the basic administrative unit of episcopal churches....
, when Morbio separated from the parish
Parish
A parish is a territorial unit historically under the pastoral care and clerical jurisdiction of one parish priest, who might be assisted in his pastoral duties by a curate or curates - also priests but not the parish priest - from a more or less central parish church with its associated organization...
of Balerna. The parish church was renovated in 1974 and again in 1999-2001. The church of San Giorgio, which was part of the vice parish until 1713, was built in 1309 and restored in 1975-78. The Chapel of San Rocco was first mentioned in 1578. It was totally rebuilt in 1760 and renovated in 1985.
Traditionally, the municipal economy was based on viticulture
Viticulture
Viticulture is the science, production and study of grapes which deals with the series of events that occur in the vineyard. When the grapes are used for winemaking, it is also known as viniculture...
, the cultivation of mulberry trees and maize. In the 20th Century, the population and economy changed when large bakery, brewery, cement factory and later the textile and watchmaking industries moved into the municipality. In 2000 three-quarters of the population worked outside the community. In 2001, the Parco delle Gole della naturale (Natural Park) was inaugurated along the Breggia
Breggia
thumb|The Breggia at [[Morbio Inferiore]].Breggia is a Swiss-Italian river. The springs are around the Monte Generoso and Monte d'Orimento in the Val d'Intelvi at an elevation of 1389 m. It enters Swiss territory between Erbonne and Scudellate, and flows along the Muggio Valley until...
river.
Geography
Morbio Inferiore has an area, , of 2.29 square kilometre (0.884173943176905 sq mi). Of this area, 1.27 km² (0.490349741412519 sq mi) or 55.5% is used for agricultural purposes, while 0.54 km² (0.208495165639969 sq mi) or 23.6% is forested. Of the rest of the land, 1.11 km² (0.428573396037714 sq mi) or 48.5% is settled (buildings or roads), 0.06 km² (14.8 acre) or 2.6% is either rivers or lakes and 0.05 km² (12.4 acre) or 2.2% is unproductive land.Of the built up area, industrial buildings made up 2.6% of the total area while housing and buildings made up 31.4% and transportation infrastructure made up 10.0%. Power and water infrastructure as well as other special developed areas made up 1.7% of the area while parks, green belts and sports fields made up 2.6%. Out of the forested land, 16.2% of the total land area is heavily forested and 7.4% is covered with orchards or small clusters of trees. Of the agricultural land, 15.7% is used for growing crops, while 8.3% is used for orchards or vine crops and 31.4% is used for alpine pastures. All the water in the municipality is flowing water.
The municipality is located in the Mendrisio district. It consists of the haufendorf village (an irregular, unplanned and quite closely packed village, built around a central square) of Morbio Inferiore.
Coat of arms
The blazonBlazon
In heraldry and heraldic vexillology, a blazon is a formal description of a coat of arms, flag or similar emblem, from which the reader can reconstruct the appropriate image...
of the municipal coat of arms
Coat of arms
A coat of arms is a unique heraldic design on a shield or escutcheon or on a surcoat or tabard used to cover and protect armour and to identify the wearer. Thus the term is often stated as "coat-armour", because it was anciently displayed on the front of a coat of cloth...
is Per pale gules and argent overall a castle with two towers counterchanged.
Demographics
Morbio Inferiore has a population of . , 22.1% of the population are resident foreign nationals. Over the last 10 years (1997–2007) the population has changed at a rate of 7.2%. Most of the population speaks Italian languageItalian language
Italian is a Romance language spoken mainly in Europe: Italy, Switzerland, San Marino, Vatican City, by minorities in Malta, Monaco, Croatia, Slovenia, France, Libya, Eritrea, and Somalia, and by immigrant communities in the Americas and Australia...
(3,714 or 90.5%), with German
German language
German is a West Germanic language, related to and classified alongside English and Dutch. With an estimated 90 – 98 million native speakers, German is one of the world's major languages and is the most widely-spoken first language in the European Union....
being second most common (210 or 5.1%) and French
French language
French is a Romance language spoken as a first language in France, the Romandy region in Switzerland, Wallonia and Brussels in Belgium, Monaco, the regions of Quebec and Acadia in Canada, and by various communities elsewhere. Second-language speakers of French are distributed throughout many parts...
being third (49 or 1.2%). There are 4 people who speak Romansh.
, the gender distribution of the population was 47.6% male and 52.4% female. The population was made up of 1,621 Swiss men (35.8% of the population), and 536 (11.8%) non-Swiss men. There were 1,899 Swiss women (41.9%), and 476 (10.5%) non-Swiss women. Of the population in the municipality 1,038 or about 25.3% were born in Morbio Inferiore and lived there in 2000. There were 1,315 or 32.0% who were born in the same canton, while 421 or 10.3% were born somewhere else in Switzerland, and 1,215 or 29.6% were born outside of Switzerland.
In there were 33 live births to Swiss citizens and 6 births to non-Swiss citizens, and in same time span there were 24 deaths of Swiss citizens and 8 non-Swiss citizen deaths. Ignoring immigration and emigration, the population of Swiss citizens increased by 9 while the foreign population decreased by 2. There were 4 Swiss men and 4 Swiss women who immigrated back to Switzerland. At the same time, there were 20 non-Swiss men and 28 non-Swiss women who immigrated from another country to Switzerland. The total Swiss population change in 2008 (from all sources, including moves across municipal borders) was an increase of 46 and the non-Swiss population change was an increase of 63 people. This represents a population growth rate of 2.5%.
The age distribution, , in Morbio Inferiore is; 423 children or 9.3% of the population are between 0 and 9 years old and 489 teenagers or 10.8% are between 10 and 19. Of the adult population, 460 people or 10.2% of the population are between 20 and 29 years old. 601 people or 13.3% are between 30 and 39, 814 people or 18.0% are between 40 and 49, and 605 people or 13.3% are between 50 and 59. The senior population distribution is 534 people or 11.8% of the population are between 60 and 69 years old, 398 people or 8.8% are between 70 and 79, there are 208 people or 4.6% who are over 80.
, there were 1,545 people who were single and never married in the municipality. There were 2,115 married individuals, 272 widows or widowers and 173 individuals who are divorced.
the average number of residents per living room was 0.59 which is about equal to the cantonal average of 0.6 per room. In this case, a room is defined as space of a housing unit of at least 4 m² (43.1 sq ft) as normal bedrooms, dining rooms, living rooms, kitchens and habitable cellars and attics. About 41.7% of the total households were owner occupied, or in other words did not pay rent (though they may have a mortgage
Mortgage loan
A mortgage loan is a loan secured by real property through the use of a mortgage note which evidences the existence of the loan and the encumbrance of that realty through the granting of a mortgage which secures the loan...
or a rent-to-own agreement).
, there were 1,661 private households in the municipality, and an average of 2.4 persons per household. There were 449 households that consist of only one person and 60 households with five or more people. there were 547 single family homes (or 66.9% of the total) out of a total of 818 inhabited buildings. There were 221 multi-family buildings (27.0%), along with 25 multi-purpose buildings that were mostly used for housing (3.1%) and 25 other use buildings (commercial or industrial) that also had some housing (3.1%). Of the single family homes 22 were built before 1919, while 61 were built between 1990 and 2000. The greatest number of single family homes (168) were built between 1981 and 1990.
there were 1,891 apartments in the municipality. The most common apartment size was 4 rooms of which there were 670. There were 43 single room apartments and 507 apartments with five or more rooms. Of these apartments, a total of 1,659 apartments (87.7% of the total) were permanently occupied, while 43 apartments (2.3%) were seasonally occupied and 189 apartments (10.0%) were empty. The vacancy rate for the municipality, , was 3.51%. , the construction rate of new housing units was 3.7 new units per 1000 residents.
Out of a total of 1,663 households that answered this question, 27.0% were households made up of just one person and 37 were adults who lived with their parents. Of the rest of the households, there are 412 married couples without children, 619 married couples with children There were 117 single parents with a child or children. There were 27 households that were made up unrelated people and 2 households that were made some sort of institution or another collective housing.
The historical population is given in the following chart:
Heritage sites of national significance
The SanctuarySanctuary
A sanctuary is any place of safety. They may be categorized into human and non-human .- Religious sanctuary :A religious sanctuary can be a sacred place , or a consecrated area of a church or temple around its tabernacle or altar.- Sanctuary as a sacred place :#Sanctuary as a sacred place:#:In...
of S. Maria Dei Miracoli, the Secondary School and Villa Valsangiacomo are listed as Swiss heritage site of national significance
Swiss Inventory of Cultural Property of National and Regional Significance
The Swiss Inventory of Cultural Property of National and Regional Significance is a register of some 8,300 items of cultural property in Switzerland...
.
Politics
In the 2007 federal electionSwiss federal election, 2007
Elections to the Swiss Federal Assembly, the federal parliament of Switzerland, were held on Sunday, 21 October 2007. In a few cantons, a second round of the elections to the Council of States was held on 11 November, 18 November, and 25 November 2007...
the most popular party was the CVP
Christian Democratic People's Party of Switzerland
The Christian Democratic People's Party of Switzerland is a Christian democratic political party in Switzerland. It is the fourth-largest party in the National Council, with 31 seats, and the largest in the Council of States, with 15 seats. It has one seat, that of Doris Leuthard, on the Swiss...
which received 25.78% of the vote. The next three most popular parties were the FDP
FDP.The Liberals
FDP.The Liberals is a classical liberal political party in Switzerland. It is the joint-largest party in the Federal Council, third-largest party in the National Council, and second-largest in the Council of States....
(20.5%), the SP
Social Democratic Party of Switzerland
The Social Democratic Party of Switzerland is the largest centre-left political party in Switzerland....
(19.82%) and the Ticino League
Ticino League
The Ticino League is an isolationist, national conservative political party in Switzerland active in the canton of Ticino.In 1991, after some public campaigning in the Sunday journal Mattino della Domenica against political power and use of public money, the editor Giuliano Bignasca and the...
(19.11%). In the federal election, a total of 1,309 votes were cast, and the voter turnout
Voter turnout
Voter turnout is the percentage of eligible voters who cast a ballot in an election . After increasing for many decades, there has been a trend of decreasing voter turnout in most established democracies since the 1960s...
was 46.6%.
In the Gran Consiglio election, there were a total of 2,794 registered voters in Morbio Inferiore, of which 1,703 or 61.0% voted. 30 blank ballots were cast, leaving 1,673 valid ballots in the election. The most popular party was the PPD
Christian Democratic People's Party of Switzerland
The Christian Democratic People's Party of Switzerland is a Christian democratic political party in Switzerland. It is the fourth-largest party in the National Council, with 31 seats, and the largest in the Council of States, with 15 seats. It has one seat, that of Doris Leuthard, on the Swiss...
+GenGiova which received 351 or 21.0% of the vote. The next three most popular parties were; the PLRT
FDP.The Liberals
FDP.The Liberals is a classical liberal political party in Switzerland. It is the joint-largest party in the Federal Council, third-largest party in the National Council, and second-largest in the Council of States....
(with 344 or 20.6%), the LEGA
Ticino League
The Ticino League is an isolationist, national conservative political party in Switzerland active in the canton of Ticino.In 1991, after some public campaigning in the Sunday journal Mattino della Domenica against political power and use of public money, the editor Giuliano Bignasca and the...
(with 282 or 16.9%) and the PS
Social Democratic Party of Switzerland
The Social Democratic Party of Switzerland is the largest centre-left political party in Switzerland....
(with 281 or 16.8%).
In the Consiglio di Stato election, 17 blank ballots and 5 null ballots were cast, leaving 1,681 valid ballots in the election. The most popular party was the LEGA which received 367 or 21.8% of the vote. The next three most popular parties were; the PPD (with 343 or 20.4%), the PLRT (with 332 or 19.8%) and the PS (with 320 or 19.0%).
Economy
, Morbio Inferiore had an unemployment rate of 4.97%. , there were 31 people employed in the primary economic sector and about 13 businesses involved in this sector. 257 people were employed in the secondary sector and there were 28 businesses in this sector. 1,016 people were employed in the tertiary sector, with 147 businesses in this sector. There were 1,841 residents of the municipality who were employed in some capacity, of which females made up 41.2% of the workforce.the total number of full-time equivalent jobs was 1,158. The number of jobs in the primary sector was 7, all of which were in agriculture. The number of jobs in the secondary sector was 240, of which 114 or (47.5%) were in manufacturing and 126 (52.5%) were in construction. The number of jobs in the tertiary sector was 911. In the tertiary sector; 407 or 44.7% were in the sale or repair of motor vehicles, 24 or 2.6% were in the movement and storage of goods, 72 or 7.9% were in a hotel or restaurant, 13 or 1.4% were in the information industry, 21 or 2.3% were the insurance or financial industry, 55 or 6.0% were technical professionals or scientists, 104 or 11.4% were in education and 134 or 14.7% were in health care.
, there were 1,357 workers who commuted into the municipality and 1,451 workers who commuted away. The municipality is a net exporter of workers, with about 1.1 workers leaving the municipality for every one entering. About 29.6% of the workforce coming into Morbio Inferiore are coming from outside Switzerland, while 1.4% of the locals commute out of Switzerland for work. Of the working population, 8% used public transportation to get to work, and 68.7% used a private car.
Religion
From the , 3,460 or 84.3% were Roman Catholic, while 132 or 3.2% belonged to the Swiss Reformed ChurchSwiss Reformed Church
The Reformed branch of Protestantism in Switzerland was started in Zürich by Huldrych Zwingli and spread within a few years to Basel , Bern , St...
. Of the rest of the population, there were 23 members of an Orthodox church
Orthodox Christianity
The term Orthodox Christianity may refer to:* the Eastern Orthodox Church and its various geographical subdivisions...
(or about 0.56% of the population), there were 8 individuals (or about 0.19% of the population) who belonged to the Christian Catholic Church
Christian Catholic Church of Switzerland
The Christian Catholic Church of Switzerland is the Swiss member church of the Union of Utrecht, also known as Old Catholic Church, originally founded by the jansenists, with a later influx of discontented Catholics following their disappointment with the First Vatican Council. It has 14,000...
, and, there were 33 individuals (or about 0.80% of the population) who belonged to another Christian church. There were 2 individuals who were Buddhist
Buddhism
Buddhism is a religion and philosophy encompassing a variety of traditions, beliefs and practices, largely based on teachings attributed to Siddhartha Gautama, commonly known as the Buddha . The Buddha lived and taught in the northeastern Indian subcontinent some time between the 6th and 4th...
, 13 individuals who were Hindu
Hinduism
Hinduism is the predominant and indigenous religious tradition of the Indian Subcontinent. Hinduism is known to its followers as , amongst many other expressions...
and 1 individual who belonged to another church. 204 (or about 4.97% of the population) belonged to no church, are agnostic
Agnosticism
Agnosticism is the view that the truth value of certain claims—especially claims about the existence or non-existence of any deity, but also other religious and metaphysical claims—is unknown or unknowable....
or atheist
Atheism
Atheism is, in a broad sense, the rejection of belief in the existence of deities. In a narrower sense, atheism is specifically the position that there are no deities...
, and 192 individuals (or about 4.68% of the population) did not answer the question.
Education
In Morbio Inferiore about 1,588 or (38.7%) of the population have completed non-mandatory upper secondary education, and 432 or (10.5%) have completed additional higher education (either university or a FachhochschuleFachhochschule
A Fachhochschule or University of Applied Sciences is a German type of tertiary education institution, sometimes specialized in certain topical areas . Fachhochschulen were founded in Germany and later adopted by Austria, Liechtenstein, Switzerland and Greece...
). Of the 432 who completed tertiary schooling, 50.5% were Swiss men, 27.5% were Swiss women, 15.0% were non-Swiss men and 6.9% were non-Swiss women.
In Morbio Inferiore there were a total of 704 students . The Ticino education system
Education in Switzerland
The education system in Switzerland is very diverse, because the constitution of Switzerland delegates the authority for the school system mainly to the cantons...
provides up to three years of non-mandatory kindergarten
Kindergarten
A kindergarten is a preschool educational institution for children. The term was created by Friedrich Fröbel for the play and activity institute that he created in 1837 in Bad Blankenburg as a social experience for children for their transition from home to school...
and in Morbio Inferiore there were 119 children in kindergarten. The primary school program lasts for five years and includes both a standard school and a special school. In the municipality, 193 students attended the standard primary schools and 8 students attended the special school. In the lower secondary school system, students either attend a two year middle school followed by a two year pre-apprenticeship or they attend a four year program to prepare for higher education. There were 178 students in the two year middle school and 3 in their pre-apprenticeship, while 87 students were in the four year advanced program.
The upper secondary school includes several options, but at the end of the upper secondary program, a student will be prepared to enter a trade or to continue on to a university or college. In Ticino, vocational students may either attend school while working on their internship or apprenticeship (which takes three or four years) or may attend school followed by an internship or apprenticeship (which takes one year as a full-time student or one and a half to two years as a part-time student). There were 48 vocational students who were attending school full-time and 60 who attend part-time.
The professional program lasts three years and prepares a student for a job in engineering, nursing, computer science, business, tourism and similar fields. There were 8 students in the professional program.
, there were 219 students in Morbio Inferiore who came from another municipality, while 254 residents attended schools outside the municipality.
Literary References
Herman Hesse references Morbio in two of his greatest novels. In Journey to the EastJourney to the East
Journey to the East is a short novel by German author Hermann Hesse. It was first published in German in 1932 as "Die Morgenlandfahrt". This novel came directly after his biggest international success, Narcissus and Goldmund.-Plot summary:...
it is while crossing the gorge of Morbio Inferiore that 'servant' Leo suddenly disappears allegorically taking with him Herman Hesse's previous faith in the whole Journey (ie in spiritual development).
In The Glass Bead Game
The Glass Bead Game
The Glass Bead Game is the last full-length novel and magnum opus of the German author Hermann Hesse. Begun in 1931 and published in Switzerland in 1943, after being rejected for publication in Germany, the book was mentioned in Hesse's citation for the 1946 Nobel Prize for Literature."Glass Bead...
, Hesse mentions a supposed concert hall featuring a perfect (ie allegorical) Bach organ as being sited between Morbio and Bremgarten
Bremgarten
The name Bremgarten may refer to several places:*In Germany**Bremgarten is a little village, near Freiburg im Breisgau , Bundesland of Baden-Württemberg*In Switzerland**Bremgarten bei Bern, in the Canton of Bern...