Mouse brain development timeline - AbsoluteAstronomy.com

Species

In biology, a species is one of the basic units of biological classification and a taxonomic rank. A species is often defined as a group of organisms capable of interbreeding and producing fertile offspring. While in many cases this definition is adequate, more precise or differing measures are...

: Mus musculus
Family: Muridae

Muridae

Muridae is the largest family of mammals. It contains over 600 species found naturally throughout Eurasia, Africa, and Australia. They have been introduced worldwide. The group includes true mice and rats, gerbils, and relatives....

Order

Order (biology)

In scientific classification used in biology, the order is# a taxonomic rank used in the classification of organisms. Other well-known ranks are life, domain, kingdom, phylum, class, family, genus, and species, with order fitting in between class and family...

: Rodent

Rodent

Rodentia is an order of mammals also known as rodents, characterised by two continuously growing incisors in the upper and lower jaws which must be kept short by gnawing....

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Gestation

Gestation

Gestation is the carrying of an embryo or fetus inside a female viviparous animal. Mammals during pregnancy can have one or more gestations at the same time ....

: 21 days

Day	Event	Reference
9	cranial motor nuclei - peak of neurogenesis Neurogenesis Neurogenesis is the process by which neurons are generated from neural stem and progenitor cells. Most active during pre-natal development, neurogenesis is responsible for populating the growing brain with neurons. Recently neurogenesis was shown to continue in several small parts of the brain of...	Finlay and Darlington (1995)
10	subplate Subplate The transient fetal subplate zone, together with the marginal zone and the cortical plate, represents the developmental anlage of the mammalian cerebral cortex... -start of neurogenesis	Bayer and Altman (1991)
10	inferior olivary nucleus - peak of neurogenesis	Finlay and Darlington (1995)
10.5	retinal ganglion cell generation - start of neurogenesis	Robinson and Dreher (1990)
10.5	superficial superior colliculus Superior colliculus The optic tectum or simply tectum is a paired structure that forms a major component of the vertebrate midbrain. In mammals this structure is more commonly called the superior colliculus , but, even in mammals, the adjective tectal is commonly used. The tectum is a layered structure, with a... (SC) laminae- start of neurogenesis	Robinson and Dreher (1990)
10.5	dorsal lateral geniculate nucleus Lateral geniculate nucleus The lateral geniculate nucleus is the primary relay center for visual information received from the retina of the eye. The LGN is found inside the thalamus of the brain.... (dLGN) - start of neurogenesis	Robinson and Dreher (1990)
10.5	Purkinje cells - peak of neurogenesis	Finlay and Darlington (1995)
11	cranial sensory nuclei Cranial nerve nucleus A cranial nerve nucleus is a collection of neurons in the brain stem that is associated with one or more cranial nerves. Axons carrying information to and from the cranial nerves form a synapse first at these nuclei. Lesions occurring at these nuclei can lead to effects resembling those seen by... - peak of neurogenesis	Finlay and Darlington (1995)
11	subplate - peak of neurogenesis	Finlay and Darlington (1995)
11	reticular nuclei - peak of neurogenesis	Finlay and Darlington (1995)
11	medial geniculate nucleus Medial geniculate nucleus The Medial Geniculate Nucleus or Medial Geniculate Body is part of the auditory thalamus and represents the thalamic relay between the inferior colliculus and the auditory cortex... - peak of neurogenesis	Finlay and Darlington (1995)
11	globus pallidus Globus pallidus The globus pallidus also known as paleostriatum, is a sub-cortical structure of the brain. Topographically, it is part of the telencephalon, but retains close functional ties with the subthalamus - both of which are part of the extrapyramidal motor system... - peak of neurogenesis	Finlay and Darlington (1995)
11.5	ventral LGN - peak of neurogenesis	Finlay and Darlington (1995)
12	dLGN - peak of neurogenesis	Finlay and Darlington (1995)
12	cochlear nuclei Cochlear nuclei The cochlear nuclei are two heterogeneous collections of neurons in the mammalian brainstem that receive input from the cochlear nerve, which carry sound information from the cochleae... - peak of neurogenesis	Finlay and Darlington (1995)
12	mitral cells - peak of neurogenesis	Finlay and Darlington (1995)
12	amygdala Amygdala The ' are almond-shaped groups of nuclei located deep within the medial temporal lobes of the brain in complex vertebrates, including humans. Shown in research to perform a primary role in the processing and memory of emotional reactions, the amygdalae are considered part of the limbic system.-... - peak of neurogenesis	Finlay and Darlington (1995)
12	subplate - end of neurogenesis	Bayer and Altman (1991)
12.3	axons in optic stalk Optic stalk The optic vesicles project toward the sides of the head, and the peripheral part of each expands to form a hollow bulb, while the proximal part remains narrow and constitutes the optic stalk....	Dunlop et al. (1997)
12.5	ventral posterior nucleus Ventral posterior nucleus The ventral posterior nucleus is the somato-sensory relay nucleus in thalamus of the brain.-Input and output:The ventral posterior nucleus receives neuronal input from the medial lemniscus, spinal lemniscus, spinothalamic tracts, and trigeminothalamic tract... (VP) and ventrobasal nucleus Ventrobasal complex -Function:The ventrobasal complex receives sensory input from the medial lemniscus , from spinothalamic tracts, and from the trigeminal nerve. It subsequently relays the inputs to the primary sensory area of the cerebral cortex. Synchronously, it distinguishes sensory inputs from deep sensory... (VB) of the thalamus Thalamus The thalamus is a midline paired symmetrical structure within the brains of vertebrates, including humans. It is situated between the cerebral cortex and midbrain, both in terms of location and neurological connections... - peak of neurogenesis	Finlay and Darlington (1995)
12.5	nucleus of lateral olfactory tract Olfactory tract The olfactory tract is a bundle of axons connecting the mitral and tufted cells of the olfactory bulb to several target regions in the brain, including piriform cortex, amygdala, and entorhinal cortex... - peak of neurogenesis	Finlay and Darlington (1995)
12.5	claustrum Claustrum The claustrum, which is suspected to be present in all mammals, is a fairly thin vertical curved sheet of subcortical gray matter... - peak of neurogenesis	Finlay and Darlington (1995)
12.5	neurogenesis cortical layer VI - peak (VC) of neurogenesis	Finlay and Darlington (1995)
12.5	dLGN- end of neurogenesis	Robinson and Dreher (1990)
12.5	preoptic nucleus Preoptic nucleus Preoptic nucleus can refer to:* Ventrolateral preoptic nucleus* Anterodorsal preoptic nucleus* Preoptic area... - peak of neurogenesis	Finlay and Darlington (1995)
13	medial forebrain bundle Medial forebrain bundle The Medial forebrain bundle , is a complex bundle of axons coming from the basal olfactory regions, the periamygdaloid region, and the septal nuclei.-Anatomy:... appears	Ashwell et al. (1996)
13	suprachiasmatic nucleus Suprachiasmatic nucleus The suprachiasmatic nucleus or nuclei, abbreviated SCN, is a tiny region on the brain's midline, situated directly above the optic chiasm. It is responsible for controlling circadian rhythms... - peak of neurogenesis	Finlay and Darlington (1995)
13	optic axons at chiasm of optic tract Optic chiasm The optic chiasm or optic chiasma is the part of the brain where the optic nerves partially cross...	Dunlop et al. (1997)
13	superior colliculus Superior colliculus The optic tectum or simply tectum is a paired structure that forms a major component of the vertebrate midbrain. In mammals this structure is more commonly called the superior colliculus , but, even in mammals, the adjective tectal is commonly used. The tectum is a layered structure, with a... - peak of neurogenesis	Finlay and Darlington (1995)
13	retinal ganglion cells - peak of neurogenesis	Finlay and Darlington (1995)
13	septal nuclei Septal nuclei The septal area are structures that lie below the rostrum of corpus callosum in front of lamina terminalis , composed of medium-size neurons grouped into medial, lateral, and posterior groups... - peak of neurogenesis	Finlay and Darlington (1995)
13	entorhinal cortex Entorhinal cortex The entorhinal cortex is located in the medial temporal lobe and functions as a hub in a widespread network for memory and navigation. The EC is the main interface between the hippocampus and neocortex... - peak of neurogenesis	Finlay and Darlington (1995)
13	subiculum Subiculum The subiculum is the most inferior component of the hippocampal formation. It lies between the entorhinal cortex and the CA1 subfield of the hippocampus proper.-Paths:... – peak of neurogenesis	Finlay and Darlington (1995)
13	neurogenesis cortical layer V - peak (VC) of neurogenesis	Finlay and Darlington (1995)
13	neurogenesis cortical lamina VI - end (VC) of neurogenesis	Caviness (1982)
13.5	raphe complex - peak of neurogenesis	Finlay and Darlington (1995)
13.5	anterior olfactory nucleus Anterior olfactory nucleus The anterior olfactory nucleus is a portion of the forebrain of vertebrates.It is involved in olfaction.-Location:... - peak of neurogenesis	Finlay and Darlington (1995)
13.5	anteroventral (AV), anterodorsal (AD) and anteromedial (AM) thalamic nuclei - peak of neurogenesis	Finlay and Darlington (1995)
13.5	pontine nuclei Pontine nuclei The pontine nuclei are a part of the pons involved in motor activity. Corticopontine fibres carry information from the primary motor cortex to the ipsilateral pontine nucleus in the ventral pons, and the pontocerebellar projection then carries that information to the contralateral cerebellum via... – peak of neurogenesis	Finlay and Darlington (1995)
13.5	parasubiculum Parasubiculum In the rodent, the parasubiculum is a retrohippocampal isocortical structure, and a major component of the subicular complex. It receives numerous subcortical and cortical inputs, and sends major projections to the superficial layers of the entorhinal cortex .The parasubicular area is a... – peak of neurogenesis	Finlay and Darlington (1995)
13.5	stria terminalis appears	Ashwell et al. (1996)
13.5	presubiculum – peak of neurogenesis	Finlay and Darlington (1995)
14	fasciculus retroflexus appears	Finlay and Darlington (1995)
14	caudoputamen – peak of neurogenesis	Finlay and Darlington (1995)
14	superficial SC laminae - end of neurogenesis	Robinson and Dreher (1990)
14	fornix appears	Ashwell et al. (1996)
14	cones - peak of neurogenesis	Finlay and Darlington (1995)
14	neurogenesis cortical layer V - end (VC) of neurogenesis	Caviness (1982)
14.5	optic axons reach dLGN and SC	Robinson and Dreher (1990)
14.5	anterior commisure appears	Ashwell et al. (1996)
15	neurogenesis cortical lamina IV - start (VC) of neurogenesis	Caviness (1982)
15	CA 1, CA 2 of hippocampus Hippocampus The hippocampus is a major component of the brains of humans and other vertebrates. It belongs to the limbic system and plays important roles in the consolidation of information from short-term memory to long-term memory and spatial navigation. Humans and other mammals have two hippocampi, one in... - peak of neurogenesis	Finlay and Darlington (1995)
15	retinal amacrine cells - peak of neurogenesis	Finlay and Darlington (1995)
15	hippocampal commissure Commissure of fornix The lateral portions of the body of the fornix are joined by a thin triangular lamina, named the psalterium . This lamina contains some transverse fibers that connect the two hippocampi across the middle line and constitute the commissure of fornix .The terminal lamina creates the commisure plate... appears	Ashwell et al. (1996)
15	neurogenesis cortical layer II /III - peak (VC) of neurogenesis	Finlay and Darlington (1995)
15.5	optic axons invade visual centers	Dunlop et al. (1997)
16	nucleus accumbens Nucleus accumbens The nucleus accumbens , also known as the accumbens nucleus or as the nucleus accumbens septi , is a collection of neurons and forms the main part of the ventral striatum... - peak of neurogenesis	Finlay and Darlington (1995)
16	tufted cells - peak of neurogenesis	Finlay and Darlington (1995)
16	isles of Calleja - peak of neurogenesis	Finlay and Darlington (1995)
17	neurogenesis cortical layer IV - peak (VC) of neurogenesis	Caviness (1982)
17	corpus callosum Corpus callosum The corpus callosum , also known as the colossal commissure, is a wide, flat bundle of neural fibers beneath the cortex in the eutherian brain at the longitudinal fissure. It connects the left and right cerebral hemispheres and facilitates interhemispheric communication... appears	Ashwell et al. (1996)
17	neurogenesis cortical layer IV - end (VC) of neurogenesis	Bayer and Altman (1991)
18.5	retinal ganglion cell generation - end of neurogenesis	Robinson and Dreher (1990)
19	initial differentiation of layer V (S1)	Finlay and Darlington (1995)
19	rods - peak of neurogenesis	Finlay and Darlington (1995)
21	complete separation of layer V (S1)	Rice et al. (1985)
22	onset of barrels Barrel cortex The barrel cortex refers to the dark-staining regions of layer four of the somatosensory cortex where somatosensory inputs from the contralateral side of the body come in from the thalamus. Barrels are found in some species of rodents and species of at least two other orders. The rest of this... (S1)	Rice et al. (1985)
22	onset of sublayers in layer V (S1)	Rice et al. (1985)
22	onset of trilaminar plate (S1)	Rice et al. (1985)
24	onset of barrel field septa (S1)	Rice et al. (1985)
25.5	ipsi/contra segregation in LGN and SC	Robinson and Dreher (1990)
30	eye Eye Eyes are organs that detect light and convert it into electro-chemical impulses in neurons. The simplest photoreceptors in conscious vision connect light to movement... opening	Dunlop et al. (1997)

See also