Mudanjiang
Encyclopedia
Mudanjiang is a prefecture-level city
in Heilongjiang
province of the People's Republic of China
. The administrative seat of the prefecture resides in Mudanjiang City. It was called Botankou when it was under Japanese occuption. It serves as a regional communications hub with a railway junction and an international airport connecting with several major Chinese cities as well as Seoul, Korea
. Mudanjiang is also an important border city, located only 248 km from Vladivostok
, Russia. In 2007 Mudanjiang had a GDP of RMB 42.1 billion with a 13.3% growth rate.
Its population is 2,798,723 at the 2010 census whom 805,584 live in the built up area made of 4 urban districts.
It also borders Russia's Primorsky Krai
to the east. The average elevation in the prefecture is 230 metres (755 ft), with the terrain primarily consisting of mountains and hills. The east of the prefecture begins to ascend to the Changbai Mountains
, while the central parts belong to the Hegu Basin. The lowest part of the prefecture is Suifenhe City, bordering Russia, at a minimum elevation of 86.5 metres (283.8 ft), while the highest point is Zhangguangcai, at 1686.9 metres (5,534.4 ft).
Under the Köppen climate classification
, Mudanjiang features a monsoon
-influenced, humid continental climate
(Dwa) with hot, humid summers and very cold winters. Its winters are dry and bitterly cold, with a 24-hour average in January of only −17.3 °C, yet the city see little precipitation during this season and is often sunny. Moreover, winter temperatures are far warmer than much of the rest of the province, and the city's basin location helps protect it from biting winds. Summers can be hot, with a July mean temperature of 22.3 °C (72.1 °F). Summer is also when most of the year's rainfall occurs. Spring and autumn constitute brief transition periods with variable wind directions.
Prefecture-level city
A prefectural level city , prefectural city or prefectural level municipality is an administrative division of the People's Republic of China, ranking below a province and above a county in China's administrative structure. Prefectural level cities form the second level of the administrative...
in Heilongjiang
Heilongjiang
For the river known in Mandarin as Heilong Jiang, see Amur River' is a province of the People's Republic of China located in the northeastern part of the country. "Heilongjiang" literally means Black Dragon River, which is the Chinese name for the Amur. The one-character abbreviation is 黑...
province of the People's Republic of China
People's Republic of China
China , officially the People's Republic of China , is the most populous country in the world, with over 1.3 billion citizens. Located in East Asia, the country covers approximately 9.6 million square kilometres...
. The administrative seat of the prefecture resides in Mudanjiang City. It was called Botankou when it was under Japanese occuption. It serves as a regional communications hub with a railway junction and an international airport connecting with several major Chinese cities as well as Seoul, Korea
Seoul
Seoul , officially the Seoul Special City, is the capital and largest metropolis of South Korea. A megacity with a population of over 10 million, it is the largest city proper in the OECD developed world...
. Mudanjiang is also an important border city, located only 248 km from Vladivostok
Vladivostok
The city is located in the southern extremity of Muravyov-Amursky Peninsula, which is about 30 km long and approximately 12 km wide.The highest point is Mount Kholodilnik, the height of which is 257 m...
, Russia. In 2007 Mudanjiang had a GDP of RMB 42.1 billion with a 13.3% growth rate.
Its population is 2,798,723 at the 2010 census whom 805,584 live in the built up area made of 4 urban districts.
Geography
Mudanjiang is located in southeastern Heilongjiang province, and is also the province's southernmost prefecture. Neighbouring prefectures are:- JixiJixiJixi is a city in eastern Heilongjiang Province in the People's Republic of China. At the 2010 census, 1,862,161 people resided within its administrative area of 22,351 square kilometers and 757,647 in its built up area made of 4 out of 6 urban districts...
(E) - Yanbian, JilinJilinJilin , is a province of the People's Republic of China located in the northeastern part of the country. Jilin borders North Korea and Russia to the east, Heilongjiang to the north, Liaoning to the south, and Inner Mongolia to the west...
(S) - HarbinHarbinHarbin ; Manchu language: , Harbin; Russian: Харби́н Kharbin ), is the capital and largest city of Heilongjiang Province in Northeast China, lying on the southern bank of the Songhua River...
(W) - QitaiheQitaiheQitaihe is a prefecture-level city in Heilongjiang province. Lying in the eastern part of Heilongjiang Province in Northeast Chinaand covering an area 6,223 square kilometers, Qitaihe is the smallest city among 13 prefecture and prefecture-level cities in this province. Qitaihe also has the second...
(N)
It also borders Russia's Primorsky Krai
Primorsky Krai
Primorsky Krai , informally known as Primorye , is a federal subject of Russia . Primorsky means "maritime" in Russian, hence the region is sometimes referred to as Maritime Province or Maritime Territory. Its administrative center is in the city of Vladivostok...
to the east. The average elevation in the prefecture is 230 metres (755 ft), with the terrain primarily consisting of mountains and hills. The east of the prefecture begins to ascend to the Changbai Mountains
Changbai Mountains
The Changbai Mountain Range or Jangbaek Mountain Range are a mountain range on the border between China and North Korea...
, while the central parts belong to the Hegu Basin. The lowest part of the prefecture is Suifenhe City, bordering Russia, at a minimum elevation of 86.5 metres (283.8 ft), while the highest point is Zhangguangcai, at 1686.9 metres (5,534.4 ft).
Under the Köppen climate classification
Köppen climate classification
The Köppen climate classification is one of the most widely used climate classification systems. It was first published by Crimea German climatologist Wladimir Köppen in 1884, with several later modifications by Köppen himself, notably in 1918 and 1936...
, Mudanjiang features a monsoon
Monsoon
Monsoon is traditionally defined as a seasonal reversing wind accompanied by corresponding changes in precipitation, but is now used to describe seasonal changes in atmospheric circulation and precipitation associated with the asymmetric heating of land and sea...
-influenced, humid continental climate
Humid continental climate
A humid continental climate is a climatic region typified by large seasonal temperature differences, with warm to hot summers and cold winters....
(Dwa) with hot, humid summers and very cold winters. Its winters are dry and bitterly cold, with a 24-hour average in January of only −17.3 °C, yet the city see little precipitation during this season and is often sunny. Moreover, winter temperatures are far warmer than much of the rest of the province, and the city's basin location helps protect it from biting winds. Summers can be hot, with a July mean temperature of 22.3 °C (72.1 °F). Summer is also when most of the year's rainfall occurs. Spring and autumn constitute brief transition periods with variable wind directions.
Administrative divisions
| # | Name | Hanzi | Hanyu Pinyin | Population (2003 est.) | Area (km²) | Density (/km²) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Aimin District Aimin District Aimin District is a district and the seat of the city of Mudanjiang, Heilongjiang, People's Republic of China.... |
爱民区 | Àimín Qū | 230,000 | 359 | 641 |
| 2 | Dong'an District Dong'an District Dong'an District is a district of the city of Mudanjiang, Heilongjiang province, People's Republic of China.... |
东安区 | Dōng'ān Qū | 180,000 | 566 | 318 |
| 3 | Yangming District Yangming District The district of Yangming is an administrative subdivision of the province of Heilongjiang, China. It is under the jurisdiction of the prefecture-level city of Mudanjiang.- Notes and references :... |
阳明区 | Yángmíng Qū | 160,000 | 358 | 447 |
| 4 | Xi'an District Xi'an District, Mudanjiang The district of Xi'an is an administrative subdivision of the province of Heilongjiang, China. It is under the jurisdiction of the prefecture-level city of Mudanjiang.- Notes and references :... |
西安区 | Xī'ān Qū | 210,000 | 325 | 646 |
| 5 | Muling City Muling Muling is a county-level city of Mudanjiang, southeastern Heilongjiang, Northeast China, on the border with the Russia. As of 2004, It has an area of and a population of 330,000.-External links:*... |
穆棱市 | Mùlíng Shì | 330,000 | 6,094 | 54 |
| 6 | Suifenhe City Suifenhe Suifenhe , is a city in southeastern Heilongjiang province, Northeast China, located situated where the former Chinese Eastern Railway crosses the border with Russia's Primorsky Krai.The city shares its name with the Suifen River.... |
绥芬河市 | Suífēnhé Shi | 60,000 | 427 | 141 |
| 7 | Hailin City Hailin Hailin is a county-level city, part of Mudanjiang prefecture-level city, Heilongjiang province, northeast China. It has an area of 8,816 km², and a population of 440,000... |
海林市 | Hǎilín Shì | 440,000 | 9,877 | 45 |
| 8 | Ning'an City Ning'an Ning’an is a city located approximately 20 km southwest of Mudanjiang, in Heilongjiang province of China. It is located on the Mudanjiang River , which flows north, eventually falling into the Sungari River near Sanxing.Administratively, Ning'an is now a county-level city, and a constituent... |
宁安市 | Níng'ān Shì | 440,000 | 7,870 | 56 |
| 9 | Dongning County Dongning County Dongning County is a county of southeastern Heilongjiang province, People's Republic of China. It is under the jurisdiction of the prefecture-level city of Mudanjiang.- External links : -... |
东宁县 | Dōngníng Xiàn | 210,000 | 7,368 | 29 |
| 10 | Linkou County Linkou County Linkou County is an administrative subdivision of the province of Heilongjiang, China. It is under the jurisdiction of the prefecture-level city of Mudanjiang.- External links :*... |
林口县 | Línkǒu Xiàn | 450,000 | 7,191 | 63 |
External links
- http://ch-info.erina.or.jp/English/He/Mudan/mudanjiang.htm
- http://www.china.org.cn/english/travel/50995.htm
- http://wikitravel.org/en/Mudanjiang