The interchangeable terms muzzle rise, muzzle flip and muzzle climb

Muzzle climb

Muzzle climb refers to the elevation of muzzle of automatic and rapid-fire semi-automatic firearms caused by combined recoil from multiple shots being fired in quick succession....

refer to the tendency of firearms or pneumatic arms front end (muzzle end of the barrel

Gun barrel

A gun barrel is the tube, usually metal, through which a controlled explosion or rapid expansion of gases are released in order to propel a projectile out of the end at a high velocity....

) to rise up after firing.

Muzzle climb more specifically refers to the elevation of muzzle of the firearm, caused by combined recoil from multiple shots being fired in quick succession. It has an adverse effect on accuracy of automatic and rapid-fire semi-automatic firearms, causing a target to be overshot.

The primary reason for muzzle rise is that for nearly all firearms, the centerline of the barrel is above the center of contact between the shooter and the firearms' grips and stock. The recoil

Recoil

Recoil is the backward momentum of a gun when it is discharged. In technical terms, the recoil caused by the gun exactly balances the forward momentum of the projectile and exhaust gasses, according to Newton's third law...

 forces from the bullet being fired and the propellant gases exiting the muzzle act directly down the centerline of the barrel. If that line of force is above the center of the contact points, this creates a couple

Couple (mechanics)

In mechanics, a couple is a system of forces with a resultant moment but no resultant force. Another term for a couple is a pure moment. Its effect is to create rotation without translation, or more generally without any acceleration of the centre of mass.The resultant moment of a couple is called...

, a rotational force. That couple causes the firearm to rotate, and the muzzle end to rise upwards.

Muzzle rise can be reduced by:

• adding more or more ergonomic contact points (such as a buttstock) for more grip
• reducing the vertical distance between the barrel and the contact points
• lowering recoil by using less powerful rounds
• lowering recoil by lowering the rate of fire
  Rate of fire
  Rate of fire is the frequency at which a specific weapon can fire or launch its projectiles. It is usually measured in rounds per minute , or per second .-Overview:...
  
   of fully automatic firearms
• lowering recoil with devices such as muzzle brake
  Muzzle brake
  Muzzle brakes and recoil compensators are devices that are fitted to the muzzle of a firearm or cannon to redirect propellant gases with the effect of countering both recoil of the gun and unwanted rising of the barrel during rapid fire...
  
  s
• compensating for the couple using a ported barrel or asymmetric muzzle fixture
• increasing the moment of inertia
  Moment of inertia
  In classical mechanics, moment of inertia, also called mass moment of inertia, rotational inertia, polar moment of inertia of mass, or the angular mass, is a measure of an object's resistance to changes to its rotation. It is the inertia of a rotating body with respect to its rotation...
  
  , however this is unusual
• supplanting the fully automatic mode of fire with burst mode
• increasing the rate of fire of burst-fired firearms to allow the muzzle less time to rise

The Jatimatic

JaTiMatic

The Jatimatic is a Finnish 9 mm submachine gun developed in the late 1970s and early 1980s by Jali Timari. The submachine gun made its debut in 1983. The Jatimatic was manufactured in very limited numbers initially by Tampereen Asepaja Oy of Tampere and later—Oy Golden Gun Ltd...

 submachine gun is an example of a firearm where the bore axis is inclined against the bolt and the rest of the firearm in order to redirect the recoil force slightly upwards.
The TDI Vector

TDI Vector

The KRISS Vector series is a family of NFA and non-NFA weapons based upon the parent submachine gun design developed by KRISS USA. KRISS USA is formerly known as Transformational Defense Industries . They utilize asymmetrical recoil and in-line design to reduce recoil and muzzle climb.- Design...

submachine gun uses a more elaborate mechanical articulated mechanism which allows the block and bolt to recoil not just rearward like most other firearms, but back and then 'vectored' down off-axis along a rail system behind the weapon's magazine well to reduce muzzle rise and felt recoil.

External links

• .45 ACP Revolver vs Pistol Recoil Slow Motion video