Nadaun
Encyclopedia
Nadaun is a town and a nagar panchayat
in Hamirpur district
in the India
n state
of Himachal Pradesh
. Nadaun is a small town in Himachal Pradesh, located on the foothills of the Shivalik range forming the western end of the district Hamirpur. It is 42 km east of Kangra and is situated on the banks of the Beas. The town has a small gurdwara
overlooking the waters of the Beas; the gurdwara was built to commemorate Guru Gobind Singh
's victory in the Battle of Nadaun
. Also One kendriya Vidyalaya having
Climate :
The climate of Nadaun is sub-tropical with monsoons in the months of July–August. The summers are between mid May to Mid July. The temperature in summers rarely exceeds 40 degrees Celsius partly due to proximity of Himalayas and partly due to river Beas. The winters are cold but sub-zero temperatures are rare. There has never been any reports of snow in Nadaun.
, Nadaun had a population of 4405. Males constitute 51% of the population and females 49%. Nadaun has an average literacy rate of 89%, higher than the national average of 59.5%: male literacy is 83%, and female literacy is 78%. In Nadaun, 11% of the population is under 6 years of age.
,
Number of Households - 898
Average Household Size(per Household) - 5.0
Population-Total - 4,405
Population-Urban - 4,405
Proportion of Urban Population (%) - 100
Population-Rural - 0
Sex Ratio - 959
Population(0-6Years) - 5,23
Sex Ratio(0-6 Year) - 785
SC Population - 526
Sex Ratio (SC) - 1008
Proportion of SC (%) - 12.0
ST Population - 0
Sex Ratio (ST) - 0
Proportion of ST (%) - 0
Literates - 3,473
Illiterates - 932
Literacy Rate (%) - 89.0
emperor, Aurangzeb
's expeditions in Deccan in 1690s, had put considerable strain on the Mughal exchequer. As a result, Aurangazeb issued orders to recover annual tributes from the rulers of Shivalik hills, who had been defaulting on the payment. Alif Khan was given the responsibility of recovering dues from Kangra and adjoining principalities.
The Raja of Kangra and another chieftain called Raja Dayal yielded to the demands of Alif Khan. However, Raja Bhim Chand of Kahlur
(Bilaspur) refused to oblige and formed an alliance with other chieftains opposed to the Mughals. Guru Gobind Singh
also decided to support Bhim Chand.
Alif Khan's Mughal army and his aides were defeated at a battle in Nadaun. The date of the battle is given differently by different authors, as 1687, 1689, 1690, 20 March 1691, and 4 April 1691.
After the battle ended, Guru Gobind Singh stayed in Nadaun for eight days, before returning to Anandpur
. Later, Maharaja Ranjit Singh
built a gurdwara
on the spot where the Guru had pitched his tent. The Gurdwara was affiliated to Shiromani Gurdwara Prabandhak Committee
in 1935.
Bulleh Shah
mentions Nadaun as City of Innocent. He is said to have written the famous saying about Nadaun "Aaye Nadaun Jaaye Kaun" (Who comes to Nadaun would never want to go back). In his famous poem "Bulla Ki Janna mein Kaun", he has a mention of Nadaun as : "Na mein rehnda Vich Nadaun".
Nadaun town has got a big business community mostly involved in small to medium size businesses. These businesses take care of day-to-day needs of not only the Nadaun town but also of many villages around Nadaun like Bharoli, Chaukathi, Bhumpal, Bhatta, Gangal, jaladi Bhlaon, Sera, Meena Bazaar is also very-very famous Merket Near Malankar Village etc.. Because of this reason Nadaun town is sometimes called 'Bazaar" by local people. The main businesses in Nadaun are Grossary Stores (both retail and whole-sale), furniutre, goldsmith, clothing, construction materials. Some small scale industries exist in Nadaun which produce the finished products in some of these areas.
(National Highway NH88) and other in the direction of the major nearby cities of Chandigarh
and Hoshiarpur
(National Highway NH70).
The transportion within Nadaun and surrounding areas is done mostly with the help of privately and government operated buses. Nadaun has a large bus station (at least bigger compared to towns of similar size in this area). Adjacent to it is a taxi stand where one can easily rent a taxi for short or long distance. For transportation of goods within the Nadaun town one can take help from a Coolie
. Occasionally people use boat to cross Beas River
.
and sometimes used for political and election rallies.
Places to See and Various Pastimes :
The place of historical importance to visit is the Old Fort situated on a hill top. The fort is in a dilapidated state but still representative of family of Maharaja Sansar Chand Katoch. A place of religious importance is the old Shiva
temple. The popular belief about the Shivalinga in the temple is that it grows every year by a height equal to one grain of rice. Another place of great religious significance for Sikhs is Gurdwara
started after visit of Guru Gobind Singh
to this place during Battle of Nadaun
. Hence Nadaun is considered a town of multiple-religions all living in mutual-harmony. A favorite pastime of people of Nadaun is evening walk to the Nadaun Bridge. There are many restaurants which have come up in this area. This Bridge provides fantastic views of Beas River
and of sunset. This bridge separates Hamirpur
district from Kangra district
. Another interesting pastime is river-cruise in a small wooden boat. One can enjoy this ride the whole day. The boat is still used as a mode of transport.
district. Until late 1980s it was the only place in surrounding areas where one could get education till 12th grade.
Educational Institutes :
The oldest Educational institute of Nadaun is its Senior Secondary School for boys (LALA JAGANATH KAMAL SAMARK GOVT. SEN. SEC. SCHOOL). It has provided quality education to the students for over a century. Another major Educational Institute is Senior Secondary School for girls. A government operated college (SIDHARTH GOVT. COLLEGE) was opened near to Nadaun in Kohla to cater the needs of higher education in this area. During recent time various privately operated colleges have come up in Nadaun and surrounding areas which offer lot of Bachelor Level courses. Nadaun also have DAV Public school and had got a Kendriya Vidyalaya
primarily meant for employees of Central Government of India.
There are some Kindergartens and privately operately Primary Schools in Nadaun. Nadaun like many other parts of the country has seen a progressive shift to English as medium of education in most of the privately owned schools. Nadaun is famous also for having contribution to Indian Independence Movement
. Lot of freedom fighters hailed from this part of the country.
Nagar Panchayat
A nagar palika or nagar panchayat is a form of an urban political unit in India comparable to a municipality.An urban centre with more than 30,000 and less than 100,000 inhabitants is classified as a nagar panchayat....
in Hamirpur district
Hamirpur District, Himachal Pradesh
Hamirpur district is one of the 12 districts of the state of Himachal Pradesh, India. The headquarters of the district is in the Hamirpur town...
in the India
India
India , officially the Republic of India , is a country in South Asia. It is the seventh-largest country by geographical area, the second-most populous country with over 1.2 billion people, and the most populous democracy in the world...
n state
States and territories of India
India is a federal union of states comprising twenty-eight states and seven union territories. The states and territories are further subdivided into districts and so on.-List of states and territories:...
of Himachal Pradesh
Himachal Pradesh
Himachal Pradesh is a state in Northern India. It is spread over , and is bordered by the Indian states of Jammu and Kashmir on the north, Punjab on the west and south-west, Haryana and Uttar Pradesh on the south, Uttarakhand on the south-east and by the Tibet Autonomous Region on the east...
. Nadaun is a small town in Himachal Pradesh, located on the foothills of the Shivalik range forming the western end of the district Hamirpur. It is 42 km east of Kangra and is situated on the banks of the Beas. The town has a small gurdwara
Gurdwara
A Gurdwara , meaning the Gateway to the Guru, is the place of worship for Sikhs, the followers of Sikhism. A Gurdwara can be identified from a distance by tall flagpoles bearing the Nishan Sahib ....
overlooking the waters of the Beas; the gurdwara was built to commemorate Guru Gobind Singh
Guru Gobind Singh
Guru Gobind Singh is the tenth and last Sikh guru in a sacred lineage of ten Sikh gurus. Born in Patna, Bihar in India, he was also a warrior, poet and philosopher. He succeeded his father Guru Tegh Bahadur as the leader of Sikhs at a young age of nine...
's victory in the Battle of Nadaun
Battle of Nadaun
The Battle of Nadaun was fought at Nadaun, between Raja Bhim Chand of Bilaspur and the Mughals under Alif Khan. Raja Bhim Chand was supported by Guru Gobind Singh and other hill chieftains, who had refused to pay tribute to the Mughal emperor. The Mughals were supported by Raja of Kangra and Raja...
. Also One kendriya Vidyalaya having
Geography
Nadaun is located at 31.78°N 76.35°E. It has an average elevation of 508 metres (1666 feet). River Beas flows through this small town. Nadaun is midway between Jwalamukhi (12 KM)and Hamirpur (28 KM)Climate :
The climate of Nadaun is sub-tropical with monsoons in the months of July–August. The summers are between mid May to Mid July. The temperature in summers rarely exceeds 40 degrees Celsius partly due to proximity of Himalayas and partly due to river Beas. The winters are cold but sub-zero temperatures are rare. There has never been any reports of snow in Nadaun.
Demographics
India censusCensus
A census is the procedure of systematically acquiring and recording information about the members of a given population. It is a regularly occurring and official count of a particular population. The term is used mostly in connection with national population and housing censuses; other common...
, Nadaun had a population of 4405. Males constitute 51% of the population and females 49%. Nadaun has an average literacy rate of 89%, higher than the national average of 59.5%: male literacy is 83%, and female literacy is 78%. In Nadaun, 11% of the population is under 6 years of age.
Area Profile of Nadaun Town
India censusCensus
A census is the procedure of systematically acquiring and recording information about the members of a given population. It is a regularly occurring and official count of a particular population. The term is used mostly in connection with national population and housing censuses; other common...
,
Number of Households - 898
Average Household Size(per Household) - 5.0
Population-Total - 4,405
Population-Urban - 4,405
Proportion of Urban Population (%) - 100
Population-Rural - 0
Sex Ratio - 959
Population(0-6Years) - 5,23
Sex Ratio(0-6 Year) - 785
SC Population - 526
Sex Ratio (SC) - 1008
Proportion of SC (%) - 12.0
ST Population - 0
Sex Ratio (ST) - 0
Proportion of ST (%) - 0
Literates - 3,473
Illiterates - 932
Literacy Rate (%) - 89.0
Battle of Nadaun
The MughalMughal Empire
The Mughal Empire , or Mogul Empire in traditional English usage, was an imperial power from the Indian Subcontinent. The Mughal emperors were descendants of the Timurids...
emperor, Aurangzeb
Aurangzeb
Abul Muzaffar Muhy-ud-Din Muhammad Aurangzeb Alamgir , more commonly known as Aurangzeb or by his chosen imperial title Alamgir , was the sixth Mughal Emperor of India, whose reign lasted from 1658 until his death in 1707.Badshah Aurangzeb, having ruled most of the Indian subcontinent for nearly...
's expeditions in Deccan in 1690s, had put considerable strain on the Mughal exchequer. As a result, Aurangazeb issued orders to recover annual tributes from the rulers of Shivalik hills, who had been defaulting on the payment. Alif Khan was given the responsibility of recovering dues from Kangra and adjoining principalities.
The Raja of Kangra and another chieftain called Raja Dayal yielded to the demands of Alif Khan. However, Raja Bhim Chand of Kahlur
Kahlur
Kahlur , covering an area of 1173 km², and currently a part of Himachal Pradesh state, was one of the Princely states of India during the period of the British Raj. The state was founded in/around 697 by Kahal Chand. Kahal Chand had built a fort, which was named after him, and was called...
(Bilaspur) refused to oblige and formed an alliance with other chieftains opposed to the Mughals. Guru Gobind Singh
Guru Gobind Singh
Guru Gobind Singh is the tenth and last Sikh guru in a sacred lineage of ten Sikh gurus. Born in Patna, Bihar in India, he was also a warrior, poet and philosopher. He succeeded his father Guru Tegh Bahadur as the leader of Sikhs at a young age of nine...
also decided to support Bhim Chand.
Alif Khan's Mughal army and his aides were defeated at a battle in Nadaun. The date of the battle is given differently by different authors, as 1687, 1689, 1690, 20 March 1691, and 4 April 1691.
After the battle ended, Guru Gobind Singh stayed in Nadaun for eight days, before returning to Anandpur
Anandpur Sahib
Anandpur Sahib is a city in Rupnagar district in the state of Punjab, India. Known as "the holy City of Bliss," it is a holy city of the Sikhs and is one of their most important sacred places, closely linked with their religious traditions and history...
. Later, Maharaja Ranjit Singh
Ranjit Singh
Maharaja Ranjit Singh Ji was the first Maharaja of the Sikh Empire.-Early life:...
built a gurdwara
Gurdwara
A Gurdwara , meaning the Gateway to the Guru, is the place of worship for Sikhs, the followers of Sikhism. A Gurdwara can be identified from a distance by tall flagpoles bearing the Nishan Sahib ....
on the spot where the Guru had pitched his tent. The Gurdwara was affiliated to Shiromani Gurdwara Prabandhak Committee
Shiromani Gurdwara Prabandhak Committee
The Shiromani Gurdwara Parbandhak Committee is an organization in India responsible for the upkeep of gurdwaras, Sikh places of worship in three states of Punjab, Haryana and Himachal Pradesh. SGPC also administers Harmandir Sahib in Amritsar. Gurdwaras in Delhi are the administered by Delhi Sikh...
in 1935.
Bulleh Shah
Bulleh Shah
Bulleh Shah was a Punjabi Sufi poet, a humanist and philosopher.-Early life:Bulleh Shah is believed to have been born in 1680, in the small village of Uch, Bahawalpur, Punjab, in present day Pakistan. His father, Shah Muhammad Darwaish, was a teacher and preacher in a village mosque...
mentions Nadaun as City of Innocent. He is said to have written the famous saying about Nadaun "Aaye Nadaun Jaaye Kaun" (Who comes to Nadaun would never want to go back). In his famous poem "Bulla Ki Janna mein Kaun", he has a mention of Nadaun as : "Na mein rehnda Vich Nadaun".
Economy
The economy of Nadaun is primarily based on 3 sources namely Agriculture, Business, Government Employment (mainly in Education). The villages in Nadaun sub-division depend primarily on Agriculture for their income. In addition there is a Silk farm in Nadaun. Some people earn their livelihood also by fishing from Beas River. Nadaun fish and its preparation is very famous in the region.Nadaun town has got a big business community mostly involved in small to medium size businesses. These businesses take care of day-to-day needs of not only the Nadaun town but also of many villages around Nadaun like Bharoli, Chaukathi, Bhumpal, Bhatta, Gangal, jaladi Bhlaon, Sera, Meena Bazaar is also very-very famous Merket Near Malankar Village etc.. Because of this reason Nadaun town is sometimes called 'Bazaar" by local people. The main businesses in Nadaun are Grossary Stores (both retail and whole-sale), furniutre, goldsmith, clothing, construction materials. Some small scale industries exist in Nadaun which produce the finished products in some of these areas.
Transportation
There is no railway line connecting this town to rest of the country. The nearest railway station (Jwalamukhi Road) is around 25 km from Nadaun. However Naduan is well connected with road network. It has got a central position in terms of road connectivity. Two main roads diverge from Nadaun : One in the direction of state capital ShimlaShimla
Shimla , formerly known as Simla, is the capital city of Himachal Pradesh. In 1864, Shimla was declared the summer capital of the British Raj in India. A popular tourist destination, Shimla is often referred to as the "Queen of Hills," a term coined by the British...
(National Highway NH88) and other in the direction of the major nearby cities of Chandigarh
Chandigarh
Chandigarh is a union territory of India that serves as the capital of two states, Haryana and Punjab. The name Chandigarh translates as "The Fort of Chandi". The name is from an ancient temple called Chandi Mandir, devoted to the Hindu goddess Chandi, in the city...
and Hoshiarpur
Hoshiarpur
Hoshiarpur is a city and a municipal council in Hoshiarpur district in the Indian state of Punjab. It was founded, according to tradition, during the early part of the fourth century. In 1809 it was occupied by the forces of Maharaja Karanvir Singh and was united into the greater state of Punjab....
(National Highway NH70).
The transportion within Nadaun and surrounding areas is done mostly with the help of privately and government operated buses. Nadaun has a large bus station (at least bigger compared to towns of similar size in this area). Adjacent to it is a taxi stand where one can easily rent a taxi for short or long distance. For transportation of goods within the Nadaun town one can take help from a Coolie
Coolie
Historically, a coolie was a manual labourer or slave from Asia, particularly China, India, and the Phillipines during the 19th century and early 20th century...
. Occasionally people use boat to cross Beas River
Beas River
The Beas River is a river in the northern part of India. The river rises in the Himalayas in central Himachal Pradesh, India, and flows for some 470 km to the Sutlej River in the Indian state of Punjab....
.
Living in Nadaun
Nadaun town is divided into following areas : New Bus-stand area, Old Bus-stand area (also called Jesri), the main-market area, the old-market area (also called Pattan). The old-market area used to be main center of shopping when the Nadaun Bridge was not present. After the construction of bridge the market shifted to what is currently main-market area. The main-market area is further divided into 2 parts : the upper bazaar which is close to the Bus-Station and the main-bazaar. Main-Bazaar is in the heart of Nadaun town which is the center of business in Nadaun. Pattan area has got a big play-ground which hosts various cultural events like RamlilaRamlila
Ramlila is a dramatic folk re-enactment of the life of Lord Ram, ending up in ten day battle between Lord Ram and Ravan, as described in the Hindu religious epic, the Ramayana...
and sometimes used for political and election rallies.
Places to See and Various Pastimes :
The place of historical importance to visit is the Old Fort situated on a hill top. The fort is in a dilapidated state but still representative of family of Maharaja Sansar Chand Katoch. A place of religious importance is the old Shiva
Shiva
Shiva is a major Hindu deity, and is the destroyer god or transformer among the Trimurti, the Hindu Trinity of the primary aspects of the divine. God Shiva is a yogi who has notice of everything that happens in the world and is the main aspect of life. Yet one with great power lives a life of a...
temple. The popular belief about the Shivalinga in the temple is that it grows every year by a height equal to one grain of rice. Another place of great religious significance for Sikhs is Gurdwara
Gurdwara
A Gurdwara , meaning the Gateway to the Guru, is the place of worship for Sikhs, the followers of Sikhism. A Gurdwara can be identified from a distance by tall flagpoles bearing the Nishan Sahib ....
started after visit of Guru Gobind Singh
Guru Gobind Singh
Guru Gobind Singh is the tenth and last Sikh guru in a sacred lineage of ten Sikh gurus. Born in Patna, Bihar in India, he was also a warrior, poet and philosopher. He succeeded his father Guru Tegh Bahadur as the leader of Sikhs at a young age of nine...
to this place during Battle of Nadaun
Battle of Nadaun
The Battle of Nadaun was fought at Nadaun, between Raja Bhim Chand of Bilaspur and the Mughals under Alif Khan. Raja Bhim Chand was supported by Guru Gobind Singh and other hill chieftains, who had refused to pay tribute to the Mughal emperor. The Mughals were supported by Raja of Kangra and Raja...
. Hence Nadaun is considered a town of multiple-religions all living in mutual-harmony. A favorite pastime of people of Nadaun is evening walk to the Nadaun Bridge. There are many restaurants which have come up in this area. This Bridge provides fantastic views of Beas River
Beas River
The Beas River is a river in the northern part of India. The river rises in the Himalayas in central Himachal Pradesh, India, and flows for some 470 km to the Sutlej River in the Indian state of Punjab....
and of sunset. This bridge separates Hamirpur
Hamirpur
Hamirpur is the name of two cities and two districts in India:* Hamirpur, Himachal Pradesh, the administrative headquarters of Hamirpur District, Himachal Pradesh* Hamirpur district, Himachal Pradesh...
district from Kangra district
Kangra district
Kangra is the most populous district of the state of Himachal Pradesh, India. Dharamsala is the administrative headquarters of the district.-Geography:Kangra district of Himachal Pradesh is situated in Western Himalayas between 31°2 to...
. Another interesting pastime is river-cruise in a small wooden boat. One can enjoy this ride the whole day. The boat is still used as a mode of transport.
Education
Nadaun has been a center of education in this part of HamirpurHamirpur
Hamirpur is the name of two cities and two districts in India:* Hamirpur, Himachal Pradesh, the administrative headquarters of Hamirpur District, Himachal Pradesh* Hamirpur district, Himachal Pradesh...
district. Until late 1980s it was the only place in surrounding areas where one could get education till 12th grade.
Educational Institutes :
The oldest Educational institute of Nadaun is its Senior Secondary School for boys (LALA JAGANATH KAMAL SAMARK GOVT. SEN. SEC. SCHOOL). It has provided quality education to the students for over a century. Another major Educational Institute is Senior Secondary School for girls. A government operated college (SIDHARTH GOVT. COLLEGE) was opened near to Nadaun in Kohla to cater the needs of higher education in this area. During recent time various privately operated colleges have come up in Nadaun and surrounding areas which offer lot of Bachelor Level courses. Nadaun also have DAV Public school and had got a Kendriya Vidyalaya
Kendriya Vidyalaya
Kendriya Vidyalaya, is a system of central government schools under the Ministry of Human Resource Development ....
primarily meant for employees of Central Government of India.
There are some Kindergartens and privately operately Primary Schools in Nadaun. Nadaun like many other parts of the country has seen a progressive shift to English as medium of education in most of the privately owned schools. Nadaun is famous also for having contribution to Indian Independence Movement
Indian independence movement
The term Indian independence movement encompasses a wide area of political organisations, philosophies, and movements which had the common aim of ending first British East India Company rule, and then British imperial authority, in parts of South Asia...
. Lot of freedom fighters hailed from this part of the country.