Nakhon Si Thammarat kingdom
Encyclopedia
Nakhon Si Thammarat Kingdom (or Kingdom of Ligor) (RTGS
: Anachak Nakhon Si Thammarat) was one of the major constituent city states (mueang
) of the Siamese kingdoms of Sukhothai
and later Ayutthaya
and controlled a big part of the Malay peninsula
. Thai histories record a Negara Sri Dharmaraja kingdom.
Most historians identify the Tambralinga
kingdom of Chinese records with a precursor of Nakhon Si Thammarat. The somewhat controversial Ramkhamhaeng stele of 1283 (or 1292) lists Nakhon Si Thammarat as one of the tributary kingdoms of Sukhothai. In the Palatinate law of King Trailok dated 1468 Nakhon Si Thammarat was listed as one of 8 great cities (phraya maha nakhon) belonging to the Ayutthaya. Under king Naresuan
it became instead a first class province (mueang ek). After the fall of Ayutthaya Nakhon Si Thammarat enjoyed a short period of independence, but was quickly subdued by Taksin
on his mission to reunite Siam.
With the thesaphiban reform of Prince Damrong Rajanubhab
at the end of the 19th century the kingdom was finally fully absorbed into Siam. A new administrative entity named monthon
(circle) was created, each supervising several provinces. Monthon Nakhon Si Thammarat
, established 1896, covered those areas on the east coast of the peninsula, i.e. the provinces Songkhla
, Nakhon Si Thammarat
and Phatthalung
.
Royal Thai General System of Transcription
The Royal Thai General System of Transcription is the official system for rendering Thai language words in the Latin alphabet, published by the Royal Institute of Thailand...
: Anachak Nakhon Si Thammarat) was one of the major constituent city states (mueang
Mueang
Mueang were historical semi-independent city-states or principalities in present-day Thailand, Laos, parts of northern Vietnam and the Shan State of Myanmar. Smaller Mueang were subordinate to more powerful neighboring Mueang, which in turn were subordinate to the central king, as described in...
) of the Siamese kingdoms of Sukhothai
Sukhothai kingdom
The Sukhothai Kingdom ) was an early kingdom in the area around the city Sukhothai, in north central Thailand. The Kingdom existed from 1238 till 1438...
and later Ayutthaya
Ayutthaya kingdom
Ayutthaya was a Siamese kingdom that existed from 1350 to 1767. Ayutthaya was friendly towards foreign traders, including the Chinese, Vietnamese , Indians, Japanese and Persians, and later the Portuguese, Spanish, Dutch and French, permitting them to set up villages outside the walls of the...
and controlled a big part of the Malay peninsula
Malay Peninsula
The Malay Peninsula or Thai-Malay Peninsula is a peninsula in Southeast Asia. The land mass runs approximately north-south and, at its terminus, is the southern-most point of the Asian mainland...
. Thai histories record a Negara Sri Dharmaraja kingdom.
Most historians identify the Tambralinga
Tambralinga
Tambralinga was an ancient kingdom located on the Malay Peninsula that at one time came under the influence of Srivijaya. The name had been forgotten until scholars recognized Tambralinga as Nagara Sri Dharmaraja. Early records are scarce while estimations range from the seventh to fourteenth...
kingdom of Chinese records with a precursor of Nakhon Si Thammarat. The somewhat controversial Ramkhamhaeng stele of 1283 (or 1292) lists Nakhon Si Thammarat as one of the tributary kingdoms of Sukhothai. In the Palatinate law of King Trailok dated 1468 Nakhon Si Thammarat was listed as one of 8 great cities (phraya maha nakhon) belonging to the Ayutthaya. Under king Naresuan
Naresuan
Somdet Phra Naresuan Maharat or Somdet Phra Sanphet II was the King of the Ayutthaya kingdom from 1590 until his death in 1605. Naresuan was one of Siam's most revered monarchs as he was known for his campaigns to free Siam from Burmese rule...
it became instead a first class province (mueang ek). After the fall of Ayutthaya Nakhon Si Thammarat enjoyed a short period of independence, but was quickly subdued by Taksin
Taksin
Taksin ; was the only King of the Thonburi Kingdom...
on his mission to reunite Siam.
With the thesaphiban reform of Prince Damrong Rajanubhab
Damrong Rajanubhab
Ditsawarakuman Damrong Rajanubhab was the founder of the modern Thai education system as well as the modern provincial administration...
at the end of the 19th century the kingdom was finally fully absorbed into Siam. A new administrative entity named monthon
Monthon
A monthon |]], literally "circle") was a country subdivision of Thailand in the beginning of the 20th century. The Thai word 'monthon' is a translation of the word Mandala. These were created as a part of the thesaphiban bureaucratic administrative system, introduced by Prince Damrong Rajanubhab...
(circle) was created, each supervising several provinces. Monthon Nakhon Si Thammarat
Monthon Nakhon Si Thammarat
The Monthon Nakhon Si Thammarat was an administrative subdivision of Thailand in the early 20th century. It covered the eastern part of Southern Thailand.-History:...
, established 1896, covered those areas on the east coast of the peninsula, i.e. the provinces Songkhla
Songkhla Province
Songkhla is one of the southern provinces of Thailand. Neighboring provinces are Satun, Phatthalung, Nakhon Si Thammarat, Pattani and Yala. To the south it borders Kedah and Perlis of Malaysia....
, Nakhon Si Thammarat
Nakhon Si Thammarat Province
Nakhon Si Thammarat is one of the southern provinces of Thailand, at the eastern shore of the Gulf of Thailand...
and Phatthalung
Phatthalung Province
Phatthalung is one of the southern provinces of Thailand. Neighboring provinces are Nakhon Si Thammarat, Songkhla, Satun and Trang.-Geography:...
.