National Development and Reform Commission
Encyclopedia
The National Development and Reform Commission (NDRC) , formerly State Planning Commission and State Development Planning Commission, is a macroeconomic
management agency under the Chinese State Council
, which has broad administrative and planning control over the Chinese economy
. Since 2008 the Commission has been headed by Zhang Ping
.
The NDRC's functions are to study and formulate policies for economic and social development, maintain the balance of economic development, and to guide restructuring of China's economic system. The NDRC has twenty-six functional departments/bureaus/offices with an authorized staff size of 890 civil servants.
since 1952. In 1998, the SPC was renamed as the State Development Planning Commission (SDPC), which then merged with the State Council Office for Restructuring the Economic System (SCORES) and part of the State Economic and Trade Commission (SETC) in 2003. Since then the organization further shifted its policy from plan economy to socialist market economy. The restructured organization was then merged into a newly created NDRC, which gained greater responsibility and power in overseeing China's economic development.
Also, recently the NDRC has been placed in charge of China's strategic petroleum reserves.
Vice Chairmen:
Senior Supervisory Commissioner:
Deputy Secretaries General:
Macroeconomics
Macroeconomics is a branch of economics dealing with the performance, structure, behavior, and decision-making of the whole economy. This includes a national, regional, or global economy...
management agency under the Chinese State Council
State Council of the People's Republic of China
The State Council of the People's Republic of China , which is largely synonymous with the Central People's Government after 1954, is the chief administrative authority of the People's Republic of China. It is chaired by the Premier and includes the heads of each governmental department and agency...
, which has broad administrative and planning control over the Chinese economy
Economy of the People's Republic of China
The People's Republic of China ranks since 2010 as the world's second largest economy after the United States. It has been the world's fastest-growing major economy, with consistent growth rates of around 10% over the past 30 years. China is also the largest exporter and second largest importer of...
. Since 2008 the Commission has been headed by Zhang Ping
Zhang Ping (politician)
Zhang Ping is the current chairman of the National Development and Reform Commission, a prominent department within the State Council of the People's Republic of China. Prior to his current position, he served as deputy secretary general of the State Council from 2006 to 2008.-Biography:Zhang was...
.
The NDRC's functions are to study and formulate policies for economic and social development, maintain the balance of economic development, and to guide restructuring of China's economic system. The NDRC has twenty-six functional departments/bureaus/offices with an authorized staff size of 890 civil servants.
History
The NDRC is a successor to the State Planning Commission (SPC), which had managed China's centrally planned economyPlanned economy
A planned economy is an economic system in which decisions regarding production and investment are embodied in a plan formulated by a central authority, usually by a government agency...
since 1952. In 1998, the SPC was renamed as the State Development Planning Commission (SDPC), which then merged with the State Council Office for Restructuring the Economic System (SCORES) and part of the State Economic and Trade Commission (SETC) in 2003. Since then the organization further shifted its policy from plan economy to socialist market economy. The restructured organization was then merged into a newly created NDRC, which gained greater responsibility and power in overseeing China's economic development.
Principal functions
The principal functions of the NDRC are:- To formulate and implement macroeconomic policies;
- To monitor and adjust the performance of the national economy;
- To examine and approve major construction projects;
- To guide and promote economic restructuring;
- To coordinate the readjustment of China's industrial structure with development of agriculture and rural economy;
- To formulate plans for the development of China's energy sector and manage national oil reserves;
- To promote the Western Region Development Program, which calls for China's economic growth to include the poorer Western provinces;
- To submit a national economic plan to the National People's CongressNational People's CongressThe National People's Congress , abbreviated NPC , is the highest state body and the only legislative house in the People's Republic of China. The National People's Congress is held in the Great Hall of the People, Beijing, capital of the People's Republic of China; with 2,987 members, it is the...
on behalf of the State Council.
Also, recently the NDRC has been placed in charge of China's strategic petroleum reserves.
List of Chairmen
- Gao GangGao GangGao Gang was a Chinese Communist Party leader during the Chinese Civil War and the early years of the People's Republic of China , before becoming the victim of the first major purge within the CCP since before 1949...
(高岗): November 1952-August 1954 - Li FuchunLi FuchunLi Fuchun was a politician of the Communist Party of China and the People's Republic of China.-Biography:Li Fuchun was born in Changsha, Hunan Province. After completing middle school in his home province, in 1919 he traveled to France to attend a work-study program and here he started his...
(李富春): September 1954-January 1975 - Yu QiuliYu QiuliYu Qiuli was vice prime minister of China from 1975 until 1982 and was a member of the Communist Party of China Politburo, a group of 19 to 25 people who oversee the Communist Party of China...
(余秋里): January 1975-August 1980 - Yao YilinYao YilinYao Yilin was a deputy Vice Premier of the People's Republic of China from 1983 to 1988, and the country's First Vice Premier from 1988 to 1993. He was born in Hong Kong in 1917, and spent his early years in Guichi, Chizhou, Anhui. Yao joined the Communist Party of China in 1935...
(姚依林): August 1980-June 1983 - Song PingSong PingSong Ping was an official in the Communist Party of China, a former member of the Standing Committee, and is considered a member of the Second Generation of Chinese Leadership.-Biography:...
(宋平): June 1983-June 1987 - Yao YilinYao YilinYao Yilin was a deputy Vice Premier of the People's Republic of China from 1983 to 1988, and the country's First Vice Premier from 1988 to 1993. He was born in Hong Kong in 1917, and spent his early years in Guichi, Chizhou, Anhui. Yao joined the Communist Party of China in 1935...
(姚依林): June 1987-December 1989 - Zou Jiahua (邹家华): December 1989-March 1993
- Chen Jinhua (陈锦华): March 1993-March 1998
- Zeng PeiyanZeng PeiyanZeng Peiyan is a Chinese politician. He was a member of the Politburo of the Communist Party of China from 2002 to 2007 and was a Vice-premier from 2003 to 2008.-Early life and career:...
(曾培炎): March 1998-March 2003 - Ma KaiMa KaiMa Kai is a State Councilor and Secretary General of the State Council of the People's Republic of China.-Biography:Ma Kai was born in Jinshan, Shanghai in 1946. He received his Master's degree from Renmin University of China in 1982....
(马凯): March 2003-March 2008 - Zhang PingZhang Ping (politician)Zhang Ping is the current chairman of the National Development and Reform Commission, a prominent department within the State Council of the People's Republic of China. Prior to his current position, he served as deputy secretary general of the State Council from 2006 to 2008.-Biography:Zhang was...
(张平): March 2008 - incumbent
Current Leadership
Chairman:- Zhang PingZhang Ping (politician)Zhang Ping is the current chairman of the National Development and Reform Commission, a prominent department within the State Council of the People's Republic of China. Prior to his current position, he served as deputy secretary general of the State Council from 2006 to 2008.-Biography:Zhang was...
Vice Chairmen:
- Zhang GuobaoZhang GuobaoZhang Guobao is Vice Chairman of the National Development and Reform Commission.-Biography:Zhang Guobao was born in Zhejiang. He graduated from Xi'an Jiaotong University with a mechanical engineering degree and became a senior engineer...
- Minister level - Xie ZhenhuaXie ZhenhuaXie Zhenhua is Vice Chairman of the National Development and Reform Commission.-Biography:Xie Zhenhua was born in Tianjin. He graduated from the of Tsinghua University with an Engineering Physics degree...
- Minister level - Zhu ZhixinZhu ZhixinZhu Zhixin is a politician of the People's Republic of China. He currently serves as the vice chairman and vice Communist Party of China Party chief of the National Development and Reform Commission of the State Council of the People's Republic of China.-Early years and education:Zhu was born in...
- Minister level - Peng Sen
- Xu Xianping
- Zhang XiaoqiangZhang XiaoqiangZhang Xiaoqiang is Vice Minister of the National Development and Reform Commission.-Biography:Zhang Xiaoqiang began to work in 1969, and graduated from the Economics Department of Peking University in 1982. Now he is Vice Minister and Member of Leading Party Members’ Group, in National...
- Du Ying
- Mu HongMu HongMu Hong is a fictional character in the Water Margin, one of the Four Great Classical Novels of Chinese literature. He ranks 24th of the 36 Heavenly Spirits of the 108 Liangshan heroes and is nicknamed "Unrestrained".-Background:...
- Liu Tienan
Senior Supervisory Commissioner:
- Su Bo - Vice Minister level
Deputy Secretaries General:
- Meng Xiangyue
- Ma Liqiang
- Yang Weimin
National Coordination Committee on Climate Change
The National Coordination Committee on Climate Change, approved by the State Council, assumed office in October 2003. Ma Kai, the Chairman of the NDRC also serves as chairman of the Committee.National Energy Bureau
China’s energy management is being transferred from the National Development and Reform Commission (NDRC) to the new National Energy Bureau (NEB; 国家能源局), with hopes that this will reform China’s highly dispersed energy management. The new bureau will integrate the NDRC's functions on energy management, the functions of the National Energy Leading Group and the nuclear power management of the Commission of Science, Technology and Industry for National Defense.Structure
- General Office
- Office of Policy Studies
- Department of Development Planning
- Department of National Economy
- Bureau of Economic Operations (Inter-Ministerial Office of the Alleviation of Enterprise Burden under the State Council)
- Department of Economic System Reform
- Department of Fixed Assets Investment
- Department of Industrial Policies
- Department of Foreign Capital Utilization
- Department of Regional Economy
- Department of Rural Economy
- Bureau of Energy (National Oil Reserve Office)
- Department of Transportation
- Department of Industry (Office of Rare Earth, Office of Salt Industry Administration, National Chemical Weapons Convention Implementation Office)
- Department of High-Tech Industry
- Department of Small and Medium-Sized Enterprises
- Department of Resource Conservation and Environmental Protection (Office of National Coordination Committee for Climate Change)
- Department of Social Development
- Department of Trade
- Department of Fiscal and Financial Affairs
- Department of Price
- Department of Price Supervision
- Department of Employment and Income Distribution
- Department of Laws and Regulations
- Department of International Cooperation
- Department of Personnel
- The NDRC Party Committee
- Office of National Economic Mobilization
- Office of Key Project Inspectors
- State Bureau of Material Reserve
- State Grain Administration
- State Tobacco Monopoly Administration (China National Tobacco Corporation)
- Office of the Leading Group for Western Region Development of the State Council
- Office of the Leading Group for Revitalizing Northeast China and Other Old Industrial Bases of the State Council
- Office of the National Energy Leading Group
See also
- China Compulsory CertificateChina Compulsory CertificateThe China Compulsory Certificate mark, commonly known as CCC Mark, is a compulsory safety mark for many products sold on the Chinese market. It became effective on May 1, 2002...
- Economy of the People's Republic of ChinaEconomy of the People's Republic of ChinaThe People's Republic of China ranks since 2010 as the world's second largest economy after the United States. It has been the world's fastest-growing major economy, with consistent growth rates of around 10% over the past 30 years. China is also the largest exporter and second largest importer of...
- Energy in China (category)
- GosplanGosplanGosplan or State Planning Committee was the committee responsible for economic planning in the Soviet Union. The word "Gosplan" is an abbreviation for Gosudarstvenniy Komitet po Planirovaniyu...
- Number 10 Policy UnitNumber 10 Policy UnitThe Number 10 Policy Unit is a body of policymakers in 10 Downing Street in the British government. Originally set up to support Harold Wilson in 1974, it has gone through a series of guises to suit the needs of successive Prime Ministers, staffed variously by political advisers, civil servants or...
- State Information CenterState Information CenterThe State Information Center is a Chinese government policy making think tank affiliated to the National Development and Reform Commission established in 1987. The State Information Center sponsors the China Economic Information Network, a national information network that provides broad...