Nazareth Illit
Encyclopedia
Nazareth Illit (Upper Nazareth) is a city in the North District of Israel
. At the end of 2007 it had a population of 40,800.
Nazareth Illit was founded in the 1950s. Foundations were laid in 1954 and first residents moved in two years later. It was planned as a Jewish town alongside the predominantly Arab
city of Nazareth
.
s such as Karmiel
and Beit She'an were founded. There were economic and security reasons for developing a town in this region, but according to Shimon Landman, director of the Interior Ministry's Department of Minorities, the municipal elections in 1954, in which the Israel communist party Maki
became the largest faction, were a source of concern.
A parcel of 1,200 dunam
s of land, about half within the municipal boundaries, was expropriated in 1954, relying on a law that permitted expropriations for public purposes. Protests at this action reached the Supreme Court of Israel
, which in 1955 accepted (HCJ 30/55) the government's word that the sole purpose of the land was to erect government facilities. However, it had already been decided that only 109 dunams would be used for that purpose and planning for residential neighborhoods continued. The first dwellings were completed in September 1956 and the first residents moved in later that year.
According to historian Geremy Forman, an important aim of Upper Nazareth was to ensure Jewish sovereignty in the region. The director of the IDF Planning Department, Yuval Ne'eman
, stated that the new town would "safeguard the Jewish character of the Galilee as a whole, and... demonstrate state sovereignty to the Arab population more than any other settlement operation." Forman wrote that Upper Nazareth was meant to address the challenge perceived as emanating from the all-Arab city of Nazareth, and the goal was to build a neighborhood that would overpower Nazareth numerically, economically, and politically.
Initially the settlement was referred to as the "Jewish neighborhood" of Nazareth, then as Kiryat Natzeret. The name Nazareth Illit was adopted in 1958. In 1960 the part within the municipal boundaries of Nazareth was excised from Nazareth, and the following year Nazareth Illit was endowed with the municipal status of local council.
(2.3% Muslim
and 6.7% Christian
). In 2001 there were 655 immigrants. See Population groups in Israel.
According to CBS, in 2001 there were 21,000 males and 23,200 females. The population of the city was spread out with 27.5% 19 years of age or younger, 14.8% between 20 and 29, 18.6% between 30 and 44, 18.7% from 45 to 59, 5.3% from 60 to 64, and 15.2% 65 years of age or older. The population growth rate in 2001 was -0.4%.
team. Having been promoted to the top division for the first time in 2003, the club was later relegated in 2006 to Liga Leumit
, the second tier, where they currently play. The city also hosted several Bnei Sakhnin games during 2005 and 2006 as Sakhnin's Doha Stadium
did not meet the Israeli Premier League requirements at the time.
The city's basketball
team, Hapoel Nazareth Illit is playing in the Second division Liga Leumit
.
with:
San Miguel de Tucumán, Argentina
Leverkusen
, Germany
Klagenfurt
, Austria
Győr
, Hungary
Chernivtsi
, Ukraine
Saint-Étienne
, France
Alba Iulia
, Romania
Kikinda
, Serbia
Israel
The State of Israel is a parliamentary republic located in the Middle East, along the eastern shore of the Mediterranean Sea...
. At the end of 2007 it had a population of 40,800.
Nazareth Illit was founded in the 1950s. Foundations were laid in 1954 and first residents moved in two years later. It was planned as a Jewish town alongside the predominantly Arab
Arab
Arab people, also known as Arabs , are a panethnicity primarily living in the Arab world, which is located in Western Asia and North Africa. They are identified as such on one or more of genealogical, linguistic, or cultural grounds, with tribal affiliations, and intra-tribal relationships playing...
city of Nazareth
Nazareth
Nazareth is the largest city in the North District of Israel. Known as "the Arab capital of Israel," the population is made up predominantly of Palestinian Arab citizens of Israel...
.
History
The establishment of Nazareth Illit was conceived in the early 1950s when development townDevelopment town
Development town is a term used to refer to the new settlements that were built in Israel during the 1950s in order to provide permanent housing to a large influx of Jewish refugees from Arab countries, Holocaust survivors from Europe and new immigrants , who arrived to the newly established State...
s such as Karmiel
Karmiel
Karmiel is a city in northern Israel. Established in 1964 as a development town, Karmiel is located in the Beit HaKerem Valley which divides upper and lower Galilee. The city is located south of the Acre-Safed road, from Safed and from Acre...
and Beit She'an were founded. There were economic and security reasons for developing a town in this region, but according to Shimon Landman, director of the Interior Ministry's Department of Minorities, the municipal elections in 1954, in which the Israel communist party Maki
Maki (historical political party)
Maki was a communist political party in Israel. It is not the same party as the modern day Maki, which split from it during the 1960s and later assumed its name.-History:...
became the largest faction, were a source of concern.
A parcel of 1,200 dunam
Dunam
A dunam or dönüm, dunum, donum, dynym, dulum was a non-SI unit of land area used in the Ottoman Empire and representing the amount of land that can be plowed in a day; its value varied from 900–2500 m²...
s of land, about half within the municipal boundaries, was expropriated in 1954, relying on a law that permitted expropriations for public purposes. Protests at this action reached the Supreme Court of Israel
Supreme Court of Israel
The Supreme Court is at the head of the court system and highest judicial instance in Israel. The Supreme Court sits in Jerusalem.The area of its jurisdiction is all of Israel and the Israeli-occupied territories. A ruling of the Supreme Court is binding upon every court, other than the Supreme...
, which in 1955 accepted (HCJ 30/55) the government's word that the sole purpose of the land was to erect government facilities. However, it had already been decided that only 109 dunams would be used for that purpose and planning for residential neighborhoods continued. The first dwellings were completed in September 1956 and the first residents moved in later that year.
According to historian Geremy Forman, an important aim of Upper Nazareth was to ensure Jewish sovereignty in the region. The director of the IDF Planning Department, Yuval Ne'eman
Yuval Ne'eman
Yuval Ne'eman , was a renowned Israeli theoretical physicist, military scientist, and politician. He was a minister in the Israeli government in the 1980s and early 1990s.-Biography:...
, stated that the new town would "safeguard the Jewish character of the Galilee as a whole, and... demonstrate state sovereignty to the Arab population more than any other settlement operation." Forman wrote that Upper Nazareth was meant to address the challenge perceived as emanating from the all-Arab city of Nazareth, and the goal was to build a neighborhood that would overpower Nazareth numerically, economically, and politically.
Initially the settlement was referred to as the "Jewish neighborhood" of Nazareth, then as Kiryat Natzeret. The name Nazareth Illit was adopted in 1958. In 1960 the part within the municipal boundaries of Nazareth was excised from Nazareth, and the following year Nazareth Illit was endowed with the municipal status of local council.
Demographics
According to CBS, in 2001 the ethnic and religious makeup of the city was 91.0% Jewish and other non-Arabs, 9.0% ArabArab
Arab people, also known as Arabs , are a panethnicity primarily living in the Arab world, which is located in Western Asia and North Africa. They are identified as such on one or more of genealogical, linguistic, or cultural grounds, with tribal affiliations, and intra-tribal relationships playing...
(2.3% Muslim
Muslim
A Muslim, also spelled Moslem, is an adherent of Islam, a monotheistic, Abrahamic religion based on the Quran, which Muslims consider the verbatim word of God as revealed to prophet Muhammad. "Muslim" is the Arabic term for "submitter" .Muslims believe that God is one and incomparable...
and 6.7% Christian
Christian
A Christian is a person who adheres to Christianity, an Abrahamic, monotheistic religion based on the life and teachings of Jesus of Nazareth as recorded in the Canonical gospels and the letters of the New Testament...
). In 2001 there were 655 immigrants. See Population groups in Israel.
According to CBS, in 2001 there were 21,000 males and 23,200 females. The population of the city was spread out with 27.5% 19 years of age or younger, 14.8% between 20 and 29, 18.6% between 30 and 44, 18.7% from 45 to 59, 5.3% from 60 to 64, and 15.2% 65 years of age or older. The population growth rate in 2001 was -0.4%.
Income
According to CBS, as of 2000, in the city there were 17,229 salaried workers and 764 are self-employed. The mean monthly wage in 2000 for a salaried worker in the city is ILS 4,377, a real change of 6.4% over the course of 2000. Salaried males have a mean monthly wage of ILS 5,373 (a real change of 8.2%) versus ILS 3,388 for females (a real change of 3.9%). The mean income for the self-employed is 6,646. There are 1,337 people who receive unemployment benefits and 5,532 people who receive an income guarantee.Education
According to CBS, there are 15 schools and 6,138 students in the city. They are spread out as 12 elementary schools and 3,042 elementary school students, and 5 high schools and 3,096 high school students. 56.8% of 12th grade students were entitled to a matriculation certificate in 2001.Sport
Hapoel Nazareth Illit is the city's major footballFootball (soccer)
Association football, more commonly known as football or soccer, is a sport played between two teams of eleven players with a spherical ball...
team. Having been promoted to the top division for the first time in 2003, the club was later relegated in 2006 to Liga Leumit
Liga Leumit
Liga Leumit is the second tier in the Israeli football league system below the Premier League.-Structure:There are 16 clubs in the league. At the end of each season, the lowest-placed team are relegated to Liga Alef while the highest-placed team from Liga Alef are promoted in their place...
, the second tier, where they currently play. The city also hosted several Bnei Sakhnin games during 2005 and 2006 as Sakhnin's Doha Stadium
Doha Stadium
Doha Stadium is the current home of Bnei Sakhnin.Located in the small Arab Galilee town of Sakhnin, it was built with public funds largely from the State of Israel and the Qatar National Olympic Committee, and was named after the Qatari city of Doha...
did not meet the Israeli Premier League requirements at the time.
The city's basketball
Basketball
Basketball is a team sport in which two teams of five players try to score points by throwing or "shooting" a ball through the top of a basketball hoop while following a set of rules...
team, Hapoel Nazareth Illit is playing in the Second division Liga Leumit
Liga Leumit (basketball)
Liga Leumit is the second tier of league basketball competition in Israel, below the Israeli Basketball Super League.-League system:The league contains 14 clubs that compete in a home-and-away round-robin. At the end of the season, the top eight clubs advance to the play-offs. The first round is...
.
Twin towns — Sister cities
Nazareth Illit is twinnedTown twinning
Twin towns and sister cities are two of many terms used to describe the cooperative agreements between towns, cities, and even counties in geographically and politically distinct areas to promote cultural and commercial ties.- Terminology :...
with:
San Miguel de Tucumán, Argentina
Argentina
Argentina , officially the Argentine Republic , is the second largest country in South America by land area, after Brazil. It is constituted as a federation of 23 provinces and an autonomous city, Buenos Aires...
Leverkusen
Leverkusen
Leverkusen is a city in North Rhine-Westphalia, Germany on the eastern bank of the Rhine. To the South, Leverkusen borders the city of Cologne and to the North is the state capital Düsseldorf....
, Germany
Germany
Germany , officially the Federal Republic of Germany , is a federal parliamentary republic in Europe. The country consists of 16 states while the capital and largest city is Berlin. Germany covers an area of 357,021 km2 and has a largely temperate seasonal climate...
Klagenfurt
Klagenfurt
-Name:Carinthia's eminent linguists Primus Lessiak and Eberhard Kranzmayer assumed that the city's name, which literally translates as "ford of lament" or "ford of complaints", had something to do with the superstitious thought that fateful fairies or demons tend to live around treacherous waters...
, Austria
Austria
Austria , officially the Republic of Austria , is a landlocked country of roughly 8.4 million people in Central Europe. It is bordered by the Czech Republic and Germany to the north, Slovakia and Hungary to the east, Slovenia and Italy to the south, and Switzerland and Liechtenstein to the...
Győr
Gyor
-Climate:-Main sights:The ancient core of the city is Káptalan Hill at the confluence of three rivers: the Danube, Rába and Rábca. Püspökvár, the residence of Győr’s bishops can be easily recognised by its incomplete tower. Győr’s oldest buildings are the 13th-century dwelling tower and the...
, Hungary
Hungary
Hungary , officially the Republic of Hungary , is a landlocked country in Central Europe. It is situated in the Carpathian Basin and is bordered by Slovakia to the north, Ukraine and Romania to the east, Serbia and Croatia to the south, Slovenia to the southwest and Austria to the west. The...
Chernivtsi
Chernivtsi
Chernivtsi is the administrative center of Chernivtsi Oblast in southwestern Ukraine. The city is situated on the upper course of the River Prut, a tributary of the Danube, in the northern part of the historic region of Bukovina, which is currently divided between Romania and Ukraine...
, Ukraine
Ukraine
Ukraine is a country in Eastern Europe. It has an area of 603,628 km², making it the second largest contiguous country on the European continent, after Russia...
Saint-Étienne
Saint-Étienne
Saint-Étienne is a city in eastern central France. It is located in the Massif Central, southwest of Lyon in the Rhône-Alpes region, along the trunk road that connects Toulouse with Lyon...
, France
France
The French Republic , The French Republic , The French Republic , (commonly known as France , is a unitary semi-presidential republic in Western Europe with several overseas territories and islands located on other continents and in the Indian, Pacific, and Atlantic oceans. Metropolitan France...
Alba Iulia
Alba Iulia
Alba Iulia is a city in Alba County, Transylvania, Romania with a population of 66,747, located on the Mureş River. Since the High Middle Ages, the city has been the seat of Transylvania's Roman Catholic diocese. Between 1541 and 1690 it was the capital of the Principality of Transylvania...
, Romania
Romania
Romania is a country located at the crossroads of Central and Southeastern Europe, on the Lower Danube, within and outside the Carpathian arch, bordering on the Black Sea...
Kikinda
Kikinda
Kikinda is a town and a municipality located in Serbia, in the autonomous province of Vojvodina. It is the administrative centre of the North Banat District. The town has 42,000 inhabitants, while the municipality has approximately 67,000 inhabitants.The modern city was founded in 18th century...
, Serbia
Serbia
Serbia , officially the Republic of Serbia , is a landlocked country located at the crossroads of Central and Southeast Europe, covering the southern part of the Carpathian basin and the central part of the Balkans...
External links
- Nazareth Illit municipal website
- Satellite image of the city from Google EarthGoogle EarthGoogle Earth is a virtual globe, map and geographical information program that was originally called EarthViewer 3D, and was created by Keyhole, Inc, a Central Intelligence Agency funded company acquired by Google in 2004 . It maps the Earth by the superimposition of images obtained from satellite...