Nicholas Longworth Anderson
Encyclopedia
Nicholas Longworth Anderson (April 22, 1838 – September 18, 1892) was a United States Army
officer
who served in the American Civil War
as Colonel
of the 6th Ohio Volunteer Infantry.
and traveled in Europe
. He returned to Cincinnati
and was studying law when the war began. Anderson volunteered as a private
in the Union Army
, but soon was promoted to colonel. He served in western Virginia and in most of the major campaigns in the Western Theater
. Severely wounded twice, he mustered out of the service with the regiment on June 23, 1864.
On December 18, 1867, President
Andrew Johnson
nominated Anderson for the award of the grade of brevet
brigadier general
of U.S. volunteers to rank from March 13, 1865 for "gallant conduct and meritorious services in the battle of Stone's River, December 31, 1862" and the U.S. Senate confirmed the award on February 14, 1868. On December 19, 1867, President Johnson nominated Anderson for the award of the grade of brevet major general
of U.S. volunteers, also to rank from March 13, 1865, for "distinguished gallantry and meritorious conduct in the battle of Chickamauga
, September 19 and 20, 1863" and the U.S. Senate confirmed the award, also on February 14, 1868.
Following the death of his father, Anderson spent much of the remainder of his days managing the estate he had inherited from his mother. Anderson died in Lucerne, Switzerland at age fifty-four and is buried in Spring Grove Cemetery
in Cincinnati.
families. Through his mother, he was the grandson of Nicholas Longworth
, founder of the Longworth family
. On his father's side, Nicholas Longworth Anderson was the grandson of Revolutionary War veteran, Richard Clough Anderson and the nephew of three notable uncles:
His cousin Allen Latham Anderson attained the rank of Brevet Brigadier General. Another cousin, Thomas McArthur Anderson
, was a brigadier general who fought in the Spanish-American War
and the Philippine-American War
.
and daughter Elizabeth Kilgour Anderson were born while the couple was residing in Paris
.
As a young man, their son had served as Second Secretary to the U.S. Embassy in London under Robert Todd Lincoln
and then First Secretary at the U.S. Embassy in Rome, served briefly as a captain in the Army during the Spanish-American War (without seeing combat), served as U.S. Ambassador
to Belgium, and finally served briefly as Ambassador to Japan
in 1912-1913, during the Administration of President William Howard Taft
before retiring from public service. In 1897, Larz married Isabel Weld Perkins
who later edited and published The letters and journals of General Nicholas Longworth Anderson; Harvard, civil war, Washington, 1854-1892. Larz and Isabel also created the Anderson Memorial Bridge
in Cambridge, Massachusetts
and dedicated it to his memory.
In 1899, Elizabeth, known to friends and family as "Elsie," married Philip Hamilton McMillan of Detroit, a Yale and Harvard educated attorney who was the son of Senator James McMillan (politician) (R-Michigan). After her husband's death in 1919, Elsie established The Philip Hamilton McMillan Memorial Publication Fund at Yale University
through a bequest of $100,000. The Fund continues to operate under the aegis of Yale University Press
.
United States Army
The United States Army is the main branch of the United States Armed Forces responsible for land-based military operations. It is the largest and oldest established branch of the U.S. military, and is one of seven U.S. uniformed services...
officer
Officer (armed forces)
An officer is a member of an armed force or uniformed service who holds a position of authority. Commissioned officers derive authority directly from a sovereign power and, as such, hold a commission charging them with the duties and responsibilities of a specific office or position...
who served in the American Civil War
American Civil War
The American Civil War was a civil war fought in the United States of America. In response to the election of Abraham Lincoln as President of the United States, 11 southern slave states declared their secession from the United States and formed the Confederate States of America ; the other 25...
as Colonel
Colonel (United States)
In the United States Army, Air Force, and Marine Corps, colonel is a senior field grade military officer rank just above the rank of lieutenant colonel and just below the rank of brigadier general...
of the 6th Ohio Volunteer Infantry.
Biography
Anderson graduated from Harvard CollegeHarvard College
Harvard College, in Cambridge, Massachusetts, is one of two schools within Harvard University granting undergraduate degrees...
and traveled in Europe
Europe
Europe is, by convention, one of the world's seven continents. Comprising the westernmost peninsula of Eurasia, Europe is generally 'divided' from Asia to its east by the watershed divides of the Ural and Caucasus Mountains, the Ural River, the Caspian and Black Seas, and the waterways connecting...
. He returned to Cincinnati
Cincinnati, Ohio
Cincinnati is a city in the U.S. state of Ohio. Cincinnati is the county seat of Hamilton County. Settled in 1788, the city is located to north of the Ohio River at the Ohio-Kentucky border, near Indiana. The population within city limits is 296,943 according to the 2010 census, making it Ohio's...
and was studying law when the war began. Anderson volunteered as a private
Private (rank)
A Private is a soldier of the lowest military rank .In modern military parlance, 'Private' is shortened to 'Pte' in the United Kingdom and other Commonwealth countries and to 'Pvt.' in the United States.Notably both Sir Fitzroy MacLean and Enoch Powell are examples of, rare, rapid career...
in the Union Army
Union Army
The Union Army was the land force that fought for the Union during the American Civil War. It was also known as the Federal Army, the U.S. Army, the Northern Army and the National Army...
, but soon was promoted to colonel. He served in western Virginia and in most of the major campaigns in the Western Theater
Western Theater of the American Civil War
This article presents an overview of major military and naval operations in the Western Theater of the American Civil War.-Theater of operations:...
. Severely wounded twice, he mustered out of the service with the regiment on June 23, 1864.
On December 18, 1867, President
President of the United States
The President of the United States of America is the head of state and head of government of the United States. The president leads the executive branch of the federal government and is the commander-in-chief of the United States Armed Forces....
Andrew Johnson
Andrew Johnson
Andrew Johnson was the 17th President of the United States . As Vice-President of the United States in 1865, he succeeded Abraham Lincoln following the latter's assassination. Johnson then presided over the initial and contentious Reconstruction era of the United States following the American...
nominated Anderson for the award of the grade of brevet
Brevet (military)
In many of the world's military establishments, brevet referred to a warrant authorizing a commissioned officer to hold a higher rank temporarily, but usually without receiving the pay of that higher rank except when actually serving in that role. An officer so promoted may be referred to as being...
brigadier general
Brigadier general (United States)
A brigadier general in the United States Army, Air Force, and Marine Corps, is a one-star general officer, with the pay grade of O-7. Brigadier general ranks above a colonel and below major general. Brigadier general is equivalent to the rank of rear admiral in the other uniformed...
of U.S. volunteers to rank from March 13, 1865 for "gallant conduct and meritorious services in the battle of Stone's River, December 31, 1862" and the U.S. Senate confirmed the award on February 14, 1868. On December 19, 1867, President Johnson nominated Anderson for the award of the grade of brevet major general
Major general (United States)
In the United States Army, United States Marine Corps, and United States Air Force, major general is a two-star general-officer rank, with the pay grade of O-8. Major general ranks above brigadier general and below lieutenant general...
of U.S. volunteers, also to rank from March 13, 1865, for "distinguished gallantry and meritorious conduct in the battle of Chickamauga
Battle of Chickamauga
The Battle of Chickamauga, fought September 19–20, 1863, marked the end of a Union offensive in southeastern Tennessee and northwestern Georgia called the Chickamauga Campaign...
, September 19 and 20, 1863" and the U.S. Senate confirmed the award, also on February 14, 1868.
Following the death of his father, Anderson spent much of the remainder of his days managing the estate he had inherited from his mother. Anderson died in Lucerne, Switzerland at age fifty-four and is buried in Spring Grove Cemetery
Spring Grove Cemetery
Spring Grove Cemetery and Arboretum is a nonprofit garden cemetery and arboretum located at 4521 Spring Grove Avenue, Cincinnati, Ohio. It is the second largest cemetery in the United States and is recognized as a U.S. National Historic Landmark....
in Cincinnati.
Relatives
Nicholas Longworth Anderson, son of Larz Anderson I and Catherine (Longworth) Anderson, was the scion of two distinguished OhioOhio
Ohio is a Midwestern state in the United States. The 34th largest state by area in the U.S.,it is the 7th‑most populous with over 11.5 million residents, containing several major American cities and seven metropolitan areas with populations of 500,000 or more.The state's capital is Columbus...
families. Through his mother, he was the grandson of Nicholas Longworth
Nicholas Longworth (1783 - 1863)
Nicholas Longworth was born in Newark, New Jersey in 1783. In 1804 he moved to Cincinnati, Ohio where he became a banker and a successful winemaker as well as founder of the Longworth family in Ohio...
, founder of the Longworth family
Longworth family
The Longworth family is most closely associated with Cincinnati, Ohio, and was one of Cincinnati's better-known families during the 19th and 20th centuries. The founder of the Ohio family, Nicholas Longworth , came to Cincinnati from Newark, New Jersey sometime before 1808...
. On his father's side, Nicholas Longworth Anderson was the grandson of Revolutionary War veteran, Richard Clough Anderson and the nephew of three notable uncles:
- Major Robert AndersonMajor Robert AndersonRobert Anderson was an American military leader. He served as a Union Army officer in the American Civil War, known for his command of Fort Sumter at the start of the war. He is often referred to as Major Robert Anderson, referring to his rank at Fort Sumter...
of the Battle of Fort SumterBattle of Fort SumterThe Battle of Fort Sumter was the bombardment and surrender of Fort Sumter, near Charleston, South Carolina, that started the American Civil War. Following declarations of secession by seven Southern states, South Carolina demanded that the U.S. Army abandon its facilities in Charleston Harbor. On... - Charles AndersonCharles Anderson (Governor of Ohio)Charles Anderson was first a Whig and later a Republican politician from Ohio. He served briefly as the 27th Governor of Ohio.-Biography:...
, briefly Governor of Ohio - William Marshall AndersonWilliam Marshall AndersonWilliam Marshall Anderson was an American scholar, explorer and politician, noted for his detailed travel journals in the Rocky Mountains and Imperial Mexico.-Background:...
His cousin Allen Latham Anderson attained the rank of Brevet Brigadier General. Another cousin, Thomas McArthur Anderson
Thomas M. Anderson
Thomas McArthur Anderson was a career officer in the United States Army who served as a general in the Spanish-American War and the Philippine-American War.-Early Life and Civil War:...
, was a brigadier general who fought in the Spanish-American War
Spanish-American War
The Spanish–American War was a conflict in 1898 between Spain and the United States, effectively the result of American intervention in the ongoing Cuban War of Independence...
and the Philippine-American War
Philippine-American War
The Philippine–American War, also known as the Philippine War of Independence or the Philippine Insurrection , was an armed conflict between a group of Filipino revolutionaries and the United States which arose from the struggle of the First Philippine Republic to gain independence following...
.
Wife and children
Nicholas Longworth Anderson married Elizabeth Coles Kilgour. Their son Larz Anderson IIILarz Anderson
Larz Anderson III was a wealthy American businessman and diplomat who briefly served as U.S. Ambassador to Japan ....
and daughter Elizabeth Kilgour Anderson were born while the couple was residing in Paris
Paris
Paris is the capital and largest city in France, situated on the river Seine, in northern France, at the heart of the Île-de-France region...
.
As a young man, their son had served as Second Secretary to the U.S. Embassy in London under Robert Todd Lincoln
Robert Todd Lincoln
Robert Todd Lincoln was an American lawyer and Secretary of War, and the first son of President Abraham Lincoln and Mary Todd Lincoln...
and then First Secretary at the U.S. Embassy in Rome, served briefly as a captain in the Army during the Spanish-American War (without seeing combat), served as U.S. Ambassador
Ambassador
An ambassador is the highest ranking diplomat who represents a nation and is usually accredited to a foreign sovereign or government, or to an international organization....
to Belgium, and finally served briefly as Ambassador to Japan
Japan
Japan is an island nation in East Asia. Located in the Pacific Ocean, it lies to the east of the Sea of Japan, China, North Korea, South Korea and Russia, stretching from the Sea of Okhotsk in the north to the East China Sea and Taiwan in the south...
in 1912-1913, during the Administration of President William Howard Taft
William Howard Taft
William Howard Taft was the 27th President of the United States and later the tenth Chief Justice of the United States...
before retiring from public service. In 1897, Larz married Isabel Weld Perkins
Isabel Weld Perkins
Isabel Weld Perkins , mostly known as Isabel Anderson or Mrs. Larz Anderson after her marriage, was a Boston-area heiress and author who left a legacy to the public that includes a park and two museums. She is interred in the St...
who later edited and published The letters and journals of General Nicholas Longworth Anderson; Harvard, civil war, Washington, 1854-1892. Larz and Isabel also created the Anderson Memorial Bridge
Anderson Memorial Bridge
Anderson Memorial Bridge connects Allston, a neighborhood of Boston, and Cambridge. The bridge stands on the site of the Great Bridge built in 1662, the first structure to span the Charles River...
in Cambridge, Massachusetts
Cambridge, Massachusetts
Cambridge is a city in Middlesex County, Massachusetts, United States, in the Greater Boston area. It was named in honor of the University of Cambridge in England, an important center of the Puritan theology embraced by the town's founders. Cambridge is home to two of the world's most prominent...
and dedicated it to his memory.
In 1899, Elizabeth, known to friends and family as "Elsie," married Philip Hamilton McMillan of Detroit, a Yale and Harvard educated attorney who was the son of Senator James McMillan (politician) (R-Michigan). After her husband's death in 1919, Elsie established The Philip Hamilton McMillan Memorial Publication Fund at Yale University
Yale University
Yale University is a private, Ivy League university located in New Haven, Connecticut, United States. Founded in 1701 in the Colony of Connecticut, the university is the third-oldest institution of higher education in the United States...
through a bequest of $100,000. The Fund continues to operate under the aegis of Yale University Press
Yale University Press
Yale University Press is a book publisher founded in 1908 by George Parmly Day. It became an official department of Yale University in 1961, but remains financially and operationally autonomous....
.