Nikolassee
Encyclopedia
Nikolassee is a locality (Ortsteil) of Berlin in the borough (Bezirk) of Steglitz-Zehlendorf
. Until the latter was created in 2001, Nikolassee was part of the borough of Zehlendorf
.
n municipality, Nikolassee was incorporated into Berlin with the Greater Berlin Act
of 1920. Part of West Berlin
during the "Cold War
", its southern border with the municipality of Kleinmachnow
, at the same time the border between the American Sector and what was to be the GDR was fortified by the Berlin Wall
between 1961 to 1989. Located on the motorway A 115
was the "Checkpoint Bravo
" Drewitz-Dreilinden, built in 1969 .
, southeast of the forest of Grunewald
. The river Havel
separates it from Kladow
and Gatow
, in Spandau
. Other localities bordering with Nikolassee are Wannsee
, Zehlendorf
and Grunewald
(this one in Charlottenburg-Wilmersdorf
district ). Its southern neighbour Kleinmachnow
is a municipality in Potsdam-Mittelmark
district, Brandenburg
. The residential areas of Nikolassee and Grunewald are separated by the Grunewald forest
.
Aside from the Nikolassee, two other lakes are partially located in the locality: The Großer Wannsee
with the "Strandbad Wannsee
" and Schlachtensee
. The islets of Lindwerder and Schwanenwerder
, situated next to the eastern shore of the Havel, also belongs to this locality.
lines S1
, S5
and S7
, at the homonymous station. The locality is also crossed by the motorway A 115
(the former AVUS
, exit "Spanischer Allee"), and by the federal highway B1
.
Steglitz-Zehlendorf
Steglitz-Zehlendorf is the sixth borough of Berlin, formed in Berlin's 2001 administrative reform by merging the former boroughs of Steglitz and Zehlendorf.-Demographics:...
. Until the latter was created in 2001, Nikolassee was part of the borough of Zehlendorf
Zehlendorf (Berlin)
Zehlendorf is a locality within the borough of Steglitz-Zehlendorf in Berlin. Before Berlin's 2001 administrative reform Zehlendorf was a borough in its own right, consisting of the locality of Zehlendorf as well as Wannsee, Nikolassee and Dahlem...
.
History
In 1901 it was built as the Villenkolonie Nikolassee, so named after the lake Nikolassee . In 1902 the railway station was completed . Originally an independent PrussiaPrussia
Prussia was a German kingdom and historic state originating out of the Duchy of Prussia and the Margraviate of Brandenburg. For centuries, the House of Hohenzollern ruled Prussia, successfully expanding its size by way of an unusually well-organized and effective army. Prussia shaped the history...
n municipality, Nikolassee was incorporated into Berlin with the Greater Berlin Act
Greater Berlin Act
The Greater Berlin Act , in full the Law Regarding the Reconstruction of the New Local Authority of Berlin , was a law passed by the Prussian government in 1920 that greatly expanded the size of the German capital of Berlin.-History:...
of 1920. Part of West Berlin
West Berlin
West Berlin was a political exclave that existed between 1949 and 1990. It comprised the western regions of Berlin, which were bordered by East Berlin and parts of East Germany. West Berlin consisted of the American, British, and French occupation sectors, which had been established in 1945...
during the "Cold War
Cold War
The Cold War was the continuing state from roughly 1946 to 1991 of political conflict, military tension, proxy wars, and economic competition between the Communist World—primarily the Soviet Union and its satellite states and allies—and the powers of the Western world, primarily the United States...
", its southern border with the municipality of Kleinmachnow
Kleinmachnow
Kleinmachnow is a municipality in the Potsdam-Mittelmark district, in Brandenburg, Germany.-Geography:It is situated southwest of the centre of Berlin, immediately neighbouring the borough of Steglitz-Zehlendorf, and east of Potsdam...
, at the same time the border between the American Sector and what was to be the GDR was fortified by the Berlin Wall
Berlin Wall
The Berlin Wall was a barrier constructed by the German Democratic Republic starting on 13 August 1961, that completely cut off West Berlin from surrounding East Germany and from East Berlin...
between 1961 to 1989. Located on the motorway A 115
Bundesautobahn 115
is an autobahn in Berlin, Germany. It connects the Berliner Stadtring with the Berliner Ring, using parts of the old AVUS race track. AVUS was opened in 1921 as Germany's first limited access road. After World War II, the A 115 served an important function as a transit road between West Berlin...
was the "Checkpoint Bravo
Checkpoint Bravo
Checkpoint Bravo was the name given by the Western Allies to the main autobahn border crossing points between West Berlin and the German Democratic Republic It was known in German as Grenzübergangsstelle Drewitz-Dreilinden...
" Drewitz-Dreilinden, built in 1969 .
Geography
Nikolassee is in the south-west of Berlin, near the road to PotsdamPotsdam
Potsdam is the capital city of the German federal state of Brandenburg and part of the Berlin/Brandenburg Metropolitan Region. It is situated on the River Havel, southwest of Berlin city centre....
, southeast of the forest of Grunewald
Grunewald (forest)
Grunewald is a German forest located in the western side of Berlin on the east side of the Havel, mainly in the Grunewald district...
. The river Havel
Havel
The Havel is a river in north-eastern Germany, flowing through the German states of Mecklenburg-Vorpommern, Brandenburg, Berlin and Saxony-Anhalt. It is a right tributary of the Elbe river and in length...
separates it from Kladow
Kladow
-Geography:The district of Kladow is bordered by the District of Gatow to the north, by the Havel to the east and southeast and by the State of Brandenburg to the west and south west. The neighbouring village of Sacrow and main part of Groß Glienicke are located in Brandenburg...
and Gatow
Gatow
Gatow, a district of south-western Berlin is located west of the Havelsee lake and has forested areas within its boundaries. It is within the borough of Spandau. On 31 December 2002, it had 5,532 inhabitants.-History:...
, in Spandau
Spandau
Spandau is the fifth of the twelve boroughs of Berlin. It is the fourth largest and westernmost borough, situated at the confluence of the Havel and Spree rivers and along the western bank of the Havel, but the least populated.-Overview:...
. Other localities bordering with Nikolassee are Wannsee
Wannsee
Wannsee is a locality in the southwestern Berlin borough of Steglitz-Zehlendorf, Germany. It is the westernmost locality of Berlin. In the quarter there are two lakes, the larger Großer Wannsee and the Kleiner Wannsee , are located on the river Havel and are separated only by the Wannsee bridge...
, Zehlendorf
Zehlendorf (Berlin)
Zehlendorf is a locality within the borough of Steglitz-Zehlendorf in Berlin. Before Berlin's 2001 administrative reform Zehlendorf was a borough in its own right, consisting of the locality of Zehlendorf as well as Wannsee, Nikolassee and Dahlem...
and Grunewald
Grunewald
Grunewald is a locality within the Berliner borough of Charlottenburg-Wilmersdorf. Famous for the homonymous forest, until 2001 administrative reform it was part of the former district of Wilmersdorf.-Geography:The locality is situated in the western side of the city and is separated from...
(this one in Charlottenburg-Wilmersdorf
Charlottenburg-Wilmersdorf
Charlottenburg-Wilmersdorf is the fourth borough of Berlin, formed in the 2001 administrative reform by merging the former boroughs of Charlottenburg and Wilmersdorf.-Overview:Charlottenburg-Wilmersdorf covers the western centre of the City of Berlin...
district ). Its southern neighbour Kleinmachnow
Kleinmachnow
Kleinmachnow is a municipality in the Potsdam-Mittelmark district, in Brandenburg, Germany.-Geography:It is situated southwest of the centre of Berlin, immediately neighbouring the borough of Steglitz-Zehlendorf, and east of Potsdam...
is a municipality in Potsdam-Mittelmark
Potsdam-Mittelmark
Potsdam-Mittelmark is a Kreis in the western part of Brandenburg, Germany. Neighboring are the district Havelland, the district free cities Brandenburg and Potsdam, the Bundesland Berlin, the district Teltow-Fläming, and the districts Wittenberg, Anhalt-Bitterfeld and Jerichower Land in...
district, Brandenburg
Brandenburg
Brandenburg is one of the sixteen federal-states of Germany. It lies in the east of the country and is one of the new federal states that were re-created in 1990 upon the reunification of the former West Germany and East Germany. The capital is Potsdam...
. The residential areas of Nikolassee and Grunewald are separated by the Grunewald forest
Grunewald (forest)
Grunewald is a German forest located in the western side of Berlin on the east side of the Havel, mainly in the Grunewald district...
.
Aside from the Nikolassee, two other lakes are partially located in the locality: The Großer Wannsee
Großer Wannsee
The Großer Wannsee is a bight of the Havel river near the locality of Wannsee and Nikolassee , a south-western suburb of the German capital Berlin not far from Potsdam...
with the "Strandbad Wannsee
Strandbad Wannsee
The Strandbad Wannsee is an open-air lido on the eastern shore of the Wannsee in Berlin, Germany, the largest inland lido in Europe, with a beach that is 1,275 metres long and 80 metres wide, widened with sand from the German shore of the Baltic Sea. The entire ensemble is listed as Cultural...
" and Schlachtensee
Schlachtensee
Schlachtensee is a lake in the south west of Berlin, in the Steglitz-Zehlendorf borough , on the edge of the Grunewald forest. The lake lends its name to the surrounding area and to the nearby Studentendorf Schlachtensee, a student residence...
. The islets of Lindwerder and Schwanenwerder
Schwanenwerder
Schwanenwerder is an island in the Havel river in Berlin, Germany. It is in the locality of Nikolassee in the borough of Steglitz-Zehlendorf, and is located in a wider stretch of the river, close to the eastern shore...
, situated next to the eastern shore of the Havel, also belongs to this locality.
Transport
Nikolassee is served by the S-BahnBerlin S-Bahn
The Berlin S-Bahn is a rapid transit system in and around Berlin, the capital city of Germany. It consists of 15 lines and is integrated with the mostly underground U-Bahn to form the backbone of Berlin's rapid transport system...
lines S1
S1 (Berlin)
The S1 is a line on the Berlin S-Bahn. It operates over:*the Prussian Northern Railway, opened on 10 July 1877 and electrified in 1925,*a short section of the Berlin-Szczecin railway, opened on 1 August 1842 and electrified in 1924,...
, S5
S5 (Berlin)
S5 is a line on the Berlin S-Bahn. It operates from Strausberg Nord to Westkreuz over:*the Strausberg–Strausberg Nord line, completed in 1955 and electrified in 1956,...
and S7
S7 (Berlin)
S7 is a line on the Berlin S-Bahn. It operates from Ahrensfelde to Potsdam over:*the Wriezen Railway, completed on 1 May 1898 and electrified to Marzahn in 1976, to Mehrower Allee in 1980 and to Ahrensfelde in 1982,...
, at the homonymous station. The locality is also crossed by the motorway A 115
Bundesautobahn 115
is an autobahn in Berlin, Germany. It connects the Berliner Stadtring with the Berliner Ring, using parts of the old AVUS race track. AVUS was opened in 1921 as Germany's first limited access road. After World War II, the A 115 served an important function as a transit road between West Berlin...
(the former AVUS
AVUS
The Automobil-Verkehrs- und Übungs-Straße, better known as AVUS, is a public road that was also used as a motor racing circuit. It is located in the south-western districts of Berlin, Germany, between Charlottenburg and Nikolassee, and is nowadays an important part of the public highway system, as...
, exit "Spanischer Allee"), and by the federal highway B1
Bundesstraße 1
The Bundesstraße 1 or B1 is a German federal highway running in an east-west direction from the Dutch border near Aachen to the Polish border at Küstrin-Kietz on the Oder River.-Route description:...
.