Nitin Bose
Encyclopedia
Nitin Bose (26 April 1897– 14 April 1986) was an India
n film director
, cinematographer
and screenwriter
of the nation's film industry
. He was born in Calcutta
and died in the same city. In the 1930s and early 1940s, he worked with New Theatres, who made bilingual movies: in both Bengali
and Hindi
. Later, he moved to Bombay
and directed under the banners of Bombay Talkies
and Filmistan
.
First use of playback singing in Indian films were in films directed by Bose in 1935: first in Bhagya Chakra
, a Bengali film and later in the same year, in its Hindi remake Dhoop Chhaon
. His most well-known work is Ganga Jamuna
.
and Mrinalini. Mrinalini was sister of writer Upendrakishore Raychowdhury, who was father of poet Sukumar Ray
and grandfather of film director Satyajit Ray
.
Bose had a great interest in photography from his childhood. His father, who was a keen photographer himself, nourished his son's interest in the same.
Bose started his film career as a cinematographer in 1926 in the movie Punarjanma. His debut as cinematographer under New Theatres banner was in the movie Devdas
(1928). He was cinematographer of the only film directed by Rabindranath Tagore
: Natir Puja (1932), which was based on a dance-drama composed by Tagore.
Bose worked closely with director Debaki Bose
, but then Debaki Bose temporarily left New Theatres to Madan Theatre
s for making Seeta(1934). At this time, producer of New Theatres, B N Sircar asked Nitin Bose to venture into film direction. Bose started with remaking of Debaki Bose's Chandidas in Hindi (1934).
His 1935 film Bhagya Chakra was the first Indian film to use playback singing. The singers were K C Dey, Parul Ghosh and Suprabha Sarkar. The movie was remade in Hindi with the title Dhoop Chhaon, which was the first Hindi film to use playback singing. It was Bose who came up with the idea of playback singing. He discussed with music director Raichand Boral
and Bose's brother Mukul Bose, who was the sound recordist in New Theatres, implemented the idea.
During the making of Kashinath (1943), Bose had a misunderstanding with B N Sircar. After completion of the film, he did not go back to New Theatres, with which he was associated since it was established in 1931. Eventually, Bose moved to Bombay
and Sircar closed New Theatres.
Bose's first movie under Bombay Talkies
banner was Naukadubi (1947), based on Tagore's novel of the same name. Hindi version of this film was named Milan, in which Dilip Kumar
acted in the lead role., and the Bengali version had Abhi Bhattacharya
in the lead . His next film Drishtidan
(1948) introduced Uttam Kumar
, who later became superstar of Bengali Cinema
.
In 1960s, Bose directed a number of movies under the banner of Filmistan
. Ganga Jamuna
(1961), directed by Bose, is considered one of the all-time blockbusters of Indian Cinema.
was a nephew of Bose and worked under him in the movie Mashaal(1950), which was produced by Bombay Talkies
.
Among thirteen siblings of Bose, there were one singer, one painter, one sound recordist (Mukul Bose) and four cricketers.
Bose's brother Mukul Bose was a sound recordist who introduced many techniques in playback singing and voice dubbing.
He leaves behind his wife Santi Bose, daughters Rina and Neeta and 6 grandchildren and 7 great-grandchildren.
India
India , officially the Republic of India , is a country in South Asia. It is the seventh-largest country by geographical area, the second-most populous country with over 1.2 billion people, and the most populous democracy in the world...
n film director
Film director
A film director is a person who directs the actors and film crew in filmmaking. They control a film's artistic and dramatic nathan roach, while guiding the technical crew and actors.-Responsibilities:...
, cinematographer
Cinematographer
A cinematographer is one photographing with a motion picture camera . The title is generally equivalent to director of photography , used to designate a chief over the camera and lighting crews working on a film, responsible for achieving artistic and technical decisions related to the image...
and screenwriter
Screenwriter
Screenwriters or scriptwriters or scenario writers are people who write/create the short or feature-length screenplays from which mass media such as films, television programs, Comics or video games are based.-Profession:...
of the nation's film industry
Cinema of India
The cinema of India consists of films produced across India, which includes the cinematic culture of Andhra Pradesh, Assam, Gujarat, Haryana, Jammu and Kashmir, Karnataka, Kerala, Maharashtra, Orissa, Punjab, Tamil Nadu, and West Bengal. Indian films came to be followed throughout South Asia and...
. He was born in Calcutta
Kolkata
Kolkata , formerly known as Calcutta, is the capital of the Indian state of West Bengal. Located on the east bank of the Hooghly River, it was the commercial capital of East India...
and died in the same city. In the 1930s and early 1940s, he worked with New Theatres, who made bilingual movies: in both Bengali
Bengali language
Bengali or Bangla is an eastern Indo-Aryan language. It is native to the region of eastern South Asia known as Bengal, which comprises present day Bangladesh, the Indian state of West Bengal, and parts of the Indian states of Tripura and Assam. It is written with the Bengali script...
and Hindi
Hindi
Standard Hindi, or more precisely Modern Standard Hindi, also known as Manak Hindi , High Hindi, Nagari Hindi, and Literary Hindi, is a standardized and sanskritized register of the Hindustani language derived from the Khariboli dialect of Delhi...
. Later, he moved to Bombay
Mumbai
Mumbai , formerly known as Bombay in English, is the capital of the Indian state of Maharashtra. It is the most populous city in India, and the fourth most populous city in the world, with a total metropolitan area population of approximately 20.5 million...
and directed under the banners of Bombay Talkies
Bombay Talkies
The Bombay Talkies Limited was a movie studio produced 102 movies, founded in 1934 in Malad, Bombay , India, by Himanshu Rai, Rajnarayan Dube and Devika Rani along with businessmen like F. E...
and Filmistan
Filmistan
Filmistan was a film production company and film studio of Indian film industry from Goregaon, Mumbai. It is located very near to Patkar College on SV road spread over seven acres. Many students have claimed to see superstars in the studio. Patkar College's reputation has increased due to this...
.
First use of playback singing in Indian films were in films directed by Bose in 1935: first in Bhagya Chakra
Bhagya Chakra
Bhagya Chakra is an Indian Bengali feature film directed by Nitin Bose. The film was remade in Hindi in the same year, titled Dhoop Chhaon....
, a Bengali film and later in the same year, in its Hindi remake Dhoop Chhaon
Dhoop Chhaon
Dhoop Chhaon is a 1935 Hindi movie directed by Nitin Bose. It was a remake of the Bengali film Bhagya Chakra. Dhoop Chhaon was the first Hindi film to use playback singing. It was Bose who came up with the idea of playback singing. He discussed with music director Raichand Boral and Bose's brother...
. His most well-known work is Ganga Jamuna
Ganga Jamuna
Gunga Jumna is a 1961 dacoit drama Bollywood film produced by Dilip Kumar and directed by Nitin Bose. The film stars Dilip Kumar and Vyjayanthimala in the lead with Nasir Khan, Azra, Leela Chitnis, Kanhaiyalal, Anwar Hussain, Nasir Hussain, Helen forms an ensemble cast...
.
Early life
Nitin Bose was son of Bengali entrepreneur Hemendra Mohan BoseHemendra Mohan Bose
Hemendra Mohan Bose was an Indian entrepreneur, manufacturer of Kuntalin hair oil and Delkhosh brand of perfume. He was the first Indian to manufacture gramophones...
and Mrinalini. Mrinalini was sister of writer Upendrakishore Raychowdhury, who was father of poet Sukumar Ray
Sukumar Ray
Sukumar Ray , , was a Bengali humorous poet, story writer and playwright who mainly wrote for children. As perhaps the most famous Indian practitioner of literary nonsense, he is often compared to Lewis Carroll...
and grandfather of film director Satyajit Ray
Satyajit Ray
Satyajit Ray was an Indian Bengali filmmaker. He is regarded as one of the greatest auteurs of 20th century cinema. Ray was born in the city of Kolkata into a Bengali family prominent in the world of arts and literature...
.
Bose had a great interest in photography from his childhood. His father, who was a keen photographer himself, nourished his son's interest in the same.
Career
Bose's first venture in film direction was a documentary film on Belgian Emperor's visit to India (1921).Bose started his film career as a cinematographer in 1926 in the movie Punarjanma. His debut as cinematographer under New Theatres banner was in the movie Devdas
Devdas (1928 film)
Devdas is a 1927 silent film based on the Sharat Chandra Chattopadhyay novella, Devdas. This was the first film adaptation of the novella.-External links:**...
(1928). He was cinematographer of the only film directed by Rabindranath Tagore
Rabindranath Tagore
Rabindranath Tagore , sobriquet Gurudev, was a Bengali polymath who reshaped his region's literature and music. Author of Gitanjali and its "profoundly sensitive, fresh and beautiful verse", he became the first non-European Nobel laureate by earning the 1913 Prize in Literature...
: Natir Puja (1932), which was based on a dance-drama composed by Tagore.
Bose worked closely with director Debaki Bose
Debaki Bose
Debaki Bose , also known as Debaki Kumar Bose, was a top director, writer, actor of Bengali cinema/Indian cinema. He was born on 25 November 1898 in Akalpoush, Burdwan, Bengal, British India. He died on 17 November 1971 in Calcutta, West Bengal, India. He is known for his innovative use of sound...
, but then Debaki Bose temporarily left New Theatres to Madan Theatre
Madan Theatre
Madan Theatre Company, also known as Madan Theatres Limited or in short, Madan Theatres was a film production company founded by Jamshedji Framji Madan, one of the pioneers of Indian Cinema....
s for making Seeta(1934). At this time, producer of New Theatres, B N Sircar asked Nitin Bose to venture into film direction. Bose started with remaking of Debaki Bose's Chandidas in Hindi (1934).
His 1935 film Bhagya Chakra was the first Indian film to use playback singing. The singers were K C Dey, Parul Ghosh and Suprabha Sarkar. The movie was remade in Hindi with the title Dhoop Chhaon, which was the first Hindi film to use playback singing. It was Bose who came up with the idea of playback singing. He discussed with music director Raichand Boral
Raichand Boral
Rai Chand Boral was an Indian composer, considered by music conoisseurs to be the father of Bollywood film music.-Life and career:...
and Bose's brother Mukul Bose, who was the sound recordist in New Theatres, implemented the idea.
During the making of Kashinath (1943), Bose had a misunderstanding with B N Sircar. After completion of the film, he did not go back to New Theatres, with which he was associated since it was established in 1931. Eventually, Bose moved to Bombay
Mumbai
Mumbai , formerly known as Bombay in English, is the capital of the Indian state of Maharashtra. It is the most populous city in India, and the fourth most populous city in the world, with a total metropolitan area population of approximately 20.5 million...
and Sircar closed New Theatres.
Bose's first movie under Bombay Talkies
Bombay Talkies
The Bombay Talkies Limited was a movie studio produced 102 movies, founded in 1934 in Malad, Bombay , India, by Himanshu Rai, Rajnarayan Dube and Devika Rani along with businessmen like F. E...
banner was Naukadubi (1947), based on Tagore's novel of the same name. Hindi version of this film was named Milan, in which Dilip Kumar
Dilip Kumar
Dilip Kumar , is an Indian actor and a former Member of Parliament.He lives in Pali Hill, Bandra in Mumbai, India. He is commonly known as "Tragedy King",and is described as "the ultimate method actor" by Satyajit Ray....
acted in the lead role., and the Bengali version had Abhi Bhattacharya
Abhi Bhattacharya
Abhi Bhattacharya was an Indian actor of Hindi and Bengali cinema, who is most remembered for his roles in films in 50s and the 60s, such as Yatrik , Jagriti , Anuradha and Subarnarekha...
in the lead . His next film Drishtidan
Drishtidan
Drishtidan is an Indian Bengali feature film directed by Nitin Bose. Uttam Kumar, a superstar, debuted in this film....
(1948) introduced Uttam Kumar
Uttam Kumar
Uttam Kumar is one of the most famous names of Indian Bengali Cinema.Born Arun Kumar Chatterjee in 1926 at Ahiritola, North Calcutta he is widely known as Uttam Kumar and Mahanayak . He remains as much of a cultural icon as he had been in his lifetime...
, who later became superstar of Bengali Cinema
Bengali cinema
Bengali cinema refers to the Bengali language filmmaking industries in the Bengal region of South Asia. There are two major film-making hubs in the region: one in Kolkata, West Bengal, India and the other in Dhaka, Bangladesh .The history of cinema in Bengal dates back to the 1890s, when the first...
.
In 1960s, Bose directed a number of movies under the banner of Filmistan
Filmistan
Filmistan was a film production company and film studio of Indian film industry from Goregaon, Mumbai. It is located very near to Patkar College on SV road spread over seven acres. Many students have claimed to see superstars in the studio. Patkar College's reputation has increased due to this...
. Ganga Jamuna
Ganga Jamuna
Gunga Jumna is a 1961 dacoit drama Bollywood film produced by Dilip Kumar and directed by Nitin Bose. The film stars Dilip Kumar and Vyjayanthimala in the lead with Nasir Khan, Azra, Leela Chitnis, Kanhaiyalal, Anwar Hussain, Nasir Hussain, Helen forms an ensemble cast...
(1961), directed by Bose, is considered one of the all-time blockbusters of Indian Cinema.
Family
Satyajit RaySatyajit Ray
Satyajit Ray was an Indian Bengali filmmaker. He is regarded as one of the greatest auteurs of 20th century cinema. Ray was born in the city of Kolkata into a Bengali family prominent in the world of arts and literature...
was a nephew of Bose and worked under him in the movie Mashaal(1950), which was produced by Bombay Talkies
Bombay Talkies
The Bombay Talkies Limited was a movie studio produced 102 movies, founded in 1934 in Malad, Bombay , India, by Himanshu Rai, Rajnarayan Dube and Devika Rani along with businessmen like F. E...
.
Among thirteen siblings of Bose, there were one singer, one painter, one sound recordist (Mukul Bose) and four cricketers.
Bose's brother Mukul Bose was a sound recordist who introduced many techniques in playback singing and voice dubbing.
He leaves behind his wife Santi Bose, daughters Rina and Neeta and 6 grandchildren and 7 great-grandchildren.
Director
- Buker Bijha (1930)
- Daku Mansur (1934) (Hindi title: Daku Manzoor)
- Chandidas (1934)
- Bhagya ChakraBhagya ChakraBhagya Chakra is an Indian Bengali feature film directed by Nitin Bose. The film was remade in Hindi in the same year, titled Dhoop Chhaon....
(1935) - Dhoop ChhaonDhoop ChhaonDhoop Chhaon is a 1935 Hindi movie directed by Nitin Bose. It was a remake of the Bengali film Bhagya Chakra. Dhoop Chhaon was the first Hindi film to use playback singing. It was Bose who came up with the idea of playback singing. He discussed with music director Raichand Boral and Bose's brother...
(1935) (Hindi remake of Bhagya Chakra) - Badi Bahen (1937) (Hindi remake of Didi; alternative title: President)
- Didi (1937)
- Jiban Maran (1938)
- Dushman (1938) (Hindi remake of Jiban Maran)
- Desher Mati (1938)
- Dharti Mata (1938) (Hindi remake of Desher Mati)
- Kapal Kundala (1939)
- Parichay (1941)
- Lagan (1941) (Hindi remake of Parichay)
- Kashinath (1943)
- Bichar (1943) (Hindi title: Paraya Dhan)
- Mujrim (1944)
- Mazdoor (1945)
- Naukadubi (1947) (Hindi title: Milan)
- DrishtidanDrishtidanDrishtidan is an Indian Bengali feature film directed by Nitin Bose. Uttam Kumar, a superstar, debuted in this film....
(1948) - Mashaal (1950) (Bengali title: Samar)
- DeedarDeedar (1951 film)Deedar is a 1951 Bollywood Hindi language film directed by Nitin Bose and starring Ashok Kumar, Dilip Kumar, Nargis and Nimmi in lead roles....
(1951) - Dard-e-Dil (1953)
- Waris (1954)
- Amar Saigal (1955)
- Char Dost (1956)
- Madhabir Janye (1957)
- Kath Putli (1957)
- Jogajog (1958)
- Gunga Jumna (1961) (alternative title: Ganga JamunaGanga JamunaGunga Jumna is a 1961 dacoit drama Bollywood film produced by Dilip Kumar and directed by Nitin Bose. The film stars Dilip Kumar and Vyjayanthimala in the lead with Nasir Khan, Azra, Leela Chitnis, Kanhaiyalal, Anwar Hussain, Nasir Hussain, Helen forms an ensemble cast...
, English title: The Confluence) - Ummeed (1962)
- Nartakee (1963)
- Dooj Ka Chand (1964)
- Hum Kahan Ja Rahe Hain (1966)
- Samaanta (1972)
Cinematographer
- DevdasDevdas (1928 film)Devdas is a 1927 silent film based on the Sharat Chandra Chattopadhyay novella, Devdas. This was the first film adaptation of the novella.-External links:**...
(1928) - Dena PaonaDena Paona (film)Dena Paona is a 1931 Bengali film directed by Premankur Atorthy, starring Amar Mullick, Durga Das Bannerjee, Jahar Ganguly, Nibhanani Devi and Bhanu Bandyopadhyay. Based on a novel by Sharat Chandra Chattopadhyay and produced by New Theatres, it is credited as the one of first Bengali...
(1931) - Natir Puja (1932)
- Chandidas (1932)
- Yahudi Ki Ladki (1933)
- Rajrani Meera (1933)
- Puran Bhagat (1933)
- Meerabai (1933)
- Chandidas (1934)
- Bhagya ChakraBhagya ChakraBhagya Chakra is an Indian Bengali feature film directed by Nitin Bose. The film was remade in Hindi in the same year, titled Dhoop Chhaon....
(1935) - Dhoop ChhaonDhoop ChhaonDhoop Chhaon is a 1935 Hindi movie directed by Nitin Bose. It was a remake of the Bengali film Bhagya Chakra. Dhoop Chhaon was the first Hindi film to use playback singing. It was Bose who came up with the idea of playback singing. He discussed with music director Raichand Boral and Bose's brother...
(1935) - Didi (1937)
- Badi Bahen (1937)
- Jiban Maran (1938)
- Dushman (1938)
- Desher Mati (1938)
- Dharti Mata (1938)
- Parichay (1941)
Writer
- Dhoop ChhaonDhoop ChhaonDhoop Chhaon is a 1935 Hindi movie directed by Nitin Bose. It was a remake of the Bengali film Bhagya Chakra. Dhoop Chhaon was the first Hindi film to use playback singing. It was Bose who came up with the idea of playback singing. He discussed with music director Raichand Boral and Bose's brother...
(1935) (screenplay) - Bhagya ChakraBhagya ChakraBhagya Chakra is an Indian Bengali feature film directed by Nitin Bose. The film was remade in Hindi in the same year, titled Dhoop Chhaon....
(1935) (writer) - Didi (1937) (writer)
- Badi Bahen (1937) (writer)
- Jiban Maran (1938) (writer)
- Dushman (1938) (writer)
- Desher Mati (1938) (screenplay) (story)
- Dharti Mata (1938) (screenplay) (story)
- Parichay (1941) (writer)
- Kashinath (1943) (dialogue)
- Bichar (1943) (Hindi title: Paraya Dhan) (screenplay)
Camera and electrical department
- Mohabbat Ke Aansu (1932) (camera operator)
- Bichar (1943) (Hindi title: Paraya Dhan) (camera operator)