November 2005 in science
Encyclopedia
2005 : January
- February
- March
- April
- May
- June
- July
- August
- September
- October - November - December
- →
: June
July
August
September
October
(For earlier science and technology events, see May 2005
and preceding months)
January 2005 in science
January 2005 : ← – January – February – March – April – May – June – July – August – September – October – November – December – →-January 27, 2005:...
- February
February 2005 in science
February 2005 : ← - January - February - March - April - May - June - July - August - September - October - November - December - →-February 27, 2005:...
- March
March 2005 in science
March 2005 : ← - January - February - March - April - May - June - July - August - September - October - November - December - →-March 30, 2005:...
- April
April 2005 in science
April 2005 : ← - January - February - March - April - May - June - July - August - September - October - November - December - →-April 29, 2005:...
- May
May 2005 in science
2005 : January - February - March - April - May - June - July - August - September - October - November - December- →-May 26, 2005:*The Space Shuttle Discovery is moved back into the Vehicle Assembly Building at the Kennedy Space Center, Florida to be attached to a different tank assembly...
- June
June 2005 in science
2005 : January - February - March - April - May - June - July - August - September - October - November - December- →- June 30, 2005 :* The launch of the next space shuttle mission is scheduled for July 13, 2005...
- July
July 2005 in science
2005 : January - February - March - April - May - June - July - August - September - October - November - December- →-July 29, 2005:*Two independent teams of astronomers announce the discovery of a large object, circling the Sun in the outer Solar system...
- August
August 2005 in science
2005 : January - February - March - April - May - June - July - August - September - October - November - December- →-August 31, 2005:* The decoding of genome of the chimpanzee is announced and a first draft is published. See: Chimpanzee Genome Project....
- September
September 2005 in science
2005 : January - February - March - April - May - June - July - August - September - October - November - December- →-September 27, 2005:*A study by scientists from the Kennedy Krieger Research Institute and Johns Hopkins University has restored hair to bald mice by manipulating the mutated...
- October - November - December
December 2005 in science
2005 : January - February - March - April - May - June - July - August - September - October - November - December- →-December 31, 2005:...
- →
January 2006 in science
2006 : ← - January - February - March - April - May - June - July - August - September - October - November - December - →-January 30 2006:*Prions may play an important role in stem cell function...
Deaths in November• 16 - Henry TaubeHenry Taube Henry Taube, Ph.D, M.Sc, B.Sc, FRSC was a Canadian-born American chemist noted for having been awarded the 1983 Nobel Prize in Chemistry for "his work in the mechanisms of electron-transfer reactions, especially in metal complexes." He was the first Canadian-born chemist to win the Nobel Prize...
Events• 9: Launch of Venus ExpressVenus Express Venus Express is the first Venus exploration mission of the European Space Agency. Launched in November 2005, it arrived at Venus in April 2006 and has been continuously sending back science data from its polar orbit around Venus. Equipped with seven science instruments, the main objective of the... • 19: First Hayabusa Hayabusa was an unmanned spacecraft developed by the Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency to return a sample of material from a small near-Earth asteroid named 25143 Itokawa to Earth for further analysis.... touchdown • 26: Second Hayabusa Hayabusa was an unmanned spacecraft developed by the Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency to return a sample of material from a small near-Earth asteroid named 25143 Itokawa to Earth for further analysis.... touchdown and sample collection • 2005 Atlantic hurricane season 2005 Atlantic hurricane season The 2005 Atlantic hurricane season was the most active Atlantic hurricane season in recorded history, repeatedly shattering numerous records. The impact of the season was widespread and ruinous with an estimated 3,913 deaths and record damage of about $159.2 billion... • 2005 Pacific hurricane season 2005 Pacific hurricane season The 2005 Pacific hurricane season officially began on May 15, 2005 in the eastern Pacific and on June 1, 2005 in the central Pacific, and lasted until November 30, 2005. These dates conventionally delimit the period of each year when most tropical cyclones form in the northeastern Pacific Ocean... Related pages• 2005 in science2005 in science The year 2005 in science and technology involved some significant events.-Astronomy:* April 8 – Total solar eclipse*February 23 – Astronomers announce the discovery of a galaxy, VIRGOHI21, that consists almost entirely of dark matter... • 2004 in science 2004 in science The year 2004 in science and technology involved some significant events.-Anthropology:*October 27 - Remains of a previously unknown species of human is discovered in Indonesia... • 2003 in science 2003 in science The year 2003 in science and technology involved some significant events.-Anthropology:*March 13 – The journal Nature reports that 350,000-year-old upright-walking human footprints have been found in Italy.-Astronomy:... • 2002 in science 2002 in science The year 2002 in science and technology involved some significant events.-Astronomy and space exploration:* February 19 - NASA's Mars Odyssey space probe begins to map the surface of Mars using its thermal emission imaging system.... • 2001 in science 2001 in science The year 2001 in science and technology involved many events, some of which are included below.-Astronomy and space exploration:* The NEAR Shoemaker spacecraft lands in the "saddle" region of 433 Eros, becoming the first spacecraft to land on an asteroid.... |
November 30, 2005
- ESAEuropean Space AgencyThe European Space Agency , established in 1975, is an intergovernmental organisation dedicated to the exploration of space, currently with 18 member states...
holds a press conference to announce the first results of the MARSIS radarRadarRadar is an object-detection system which uses radio waves to determine the range, altitude, direction, or speed of objects. It can be used to detect aircraft, ships, spacecraft, guided missiles, motor vehicles, weather formations, and terrain. The radar dish or antenna transmits pulses of radio...
experiment on board of the Mars ExpressMars ExpressMars Express is a space exploration mission being conducted by the European Space Agency . The Mars Express mission is exploring the planet Mars, and is the first planetary mission attempted by the agency. "Express" originally referred to the speed and efficiency with which the spacecraft was...
satelliteSatelliteIn the context of spaceflight, a satellite is an object which has been placed into orbit by human endeavour. Such objects are sometimes called artificial satellites to distinguish them from natural satellites such as the Moon....
, orbiting MarsMarsMars is the fourth planet from the Sun in the Solar System. The planet is named after the Roman god of war, Mars. It is often described as the "Red Planet", as the iron oxide prevalent on its surface gives it a reddish appearance...
. Besides locating a buried impact basin it has found indication for water ice in a depth of about 1 kmKilometreThe kilometre is a unit of length in the metric system, equal to one thousand metres and is therefore exactly equal to the distance travelled by light in free space in of a second...
under the surface of Mars. (BBC)
November 29, 2005
- An international group of astronomerAstronomerAn astronomer is a scientist who studies celestial bodies such as planets, stars and galaxies.Historically, astronomy was more concerned with the classification and description of phenomena in the sky, while astrophysics attempted to explain these phenomena and the differences between them using...
s announce the discovery of a brown dwarfBrown dwarfBrown dwarfs are sub-stellar objects which are too low in mass to sustain hydrogen-1 fusion reactions in their cores, which is characteristic of stars on the main sequence. Brown dwarfs have fully convective surfaces and interiors, with no chemical differentiation by depth...
with a protoplanetary diskProtoplanetary diskA protoplanetary disk is a rotating circumstellar disk of dense gas surrounding a young newly formed star, a T Tauri star, or Herbig Ae/Be star...
. This is smallest star-like object known to have such a disk. (SpaceRef) - The new version of Firefox 1.5 becomes publicly available for download. (eWEEK/YahooNews)
November 26, 2005
- The launch of Falcon 1Falcon 1The Falcon 1 is a partially reusable launch system designed and manufactured by SpaceX, a space transportation company in Hawthorne, California. The two-stage-to-orbit rocket uses LOX/RP-1 for both stages, the first powered by a single Merlin engine and the second powered by a single Kestrel engine...
is scrubbed due to problems with the liquid oxygenLiquid oxygenLiquid oxygen — abbreviated LOx, LOX or Lox in the aerospace, submarine and gas industries — is one of the physical forms of elemental oxygen.-Physical properties:...
tanking infrastructure. No new launch date is set. (Spaceflight Now) - Indian millionaire Vijaypat SinghaniaVijaypat SinghaniaVijaypat Singhania is the chairman emeritus of the Raymond Group of clothing and textiles. and a former Sheriff of Mumbai, from 19 December 2005 to 18 December 2006....
reaches a height of nearly 70,000 ft (21,330 mMetreThe metre , symbol m, is the base unit of length in the International System of Units . Originally intended to be one ten-millionth of the distance from the Earth's equator to the North Pole , its definition has been periodically refined to reflect growing knowledge of metrology...
) in a hot air balloonHot air balloonThe hot air balloon is the oldest successful human-carrying flight technology. It is in a class of aircraft known as balloon aircraft. On November 21, 1783, in Paris, France, the first untethered manned flight was made by Jean-François Pilâtre de Rozier and François Laurent d'Arlandes in a hot air...
. Subject to verification, this would set a new world record. (AP/YahooNews) - The HayabusaHayabusawas an unmanned spacecraft developed by the Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency to return a sample of material from a small near-Earth asteroid named 25143 Itokawa to Earth for further analysis....
spacecraftSpacecraftA spacecraft or spaceship is a craft or machine designed for spaceflight. Spacecraft are used for a variety of purposes, including communications, earth observation, meteorology, navigation, planetary exploration and transportation of humans and cargo....
lands on 25143 Itokawa25143 Itokawa25143 Itokawa is an Apollo and Mars-crosser asteroid. It was the first asteroid to be the target of a sample return mission, the Japanese space probe Hayabusa.-Discovery and naming:...
a second time and executes its sample collection sequence on the surface, successfully. JAXAJapan Aerospace Exploration AgencyThe , or JAXA, is Japan's national aerospace agency. Through the merger of three previously independent organizations, JAXA was formed on October 1, 2003, as an Independent Administrative Institution administered by the Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology and the...
officials say that with high probability the probe now holds asteroidAsteroidAsteroids are a class of small Solar System bodies in orbit around the Sun. They have also been called planetoids, especially the larger ones...
material, which is slated to return to Earth by 2007. (BBC)
November 24, 2005
- European scientists publish a study in ScienceScience (journal)Science is the academic journal of the American Association for the Advancement of Science and is one of the world's top scientific journals....
that indicates that the current carbon dioxideCarbon dioxideCarbon dioxide is a naturally occurring chemical compound composed of two oxygen atoms covalently bonded to a single carbon atom...
content of the air is higher than at any time in the last 650,000 years. The data for this study was obtained by the European Project for Ice Coring in Antarctica from analyzing air bubbles enclosed in ice. (AP/YahooNews) - Professor Hwang Woo-sukHwang Woo-SukHwang Woo-suk is a South Korean veterinarian and researcher. He was a professor of theriogenology and biotechnology at Seoul National University who became infamous for fabricating a series of experiments, which appeared in high-profile journals, in the field of stem cell research...
resigns from all public posts, including that of chairman of the World Stem Cell Hub and apologises for using human eggs from his own researchers and those bought from donors for his research (BBC), (Nature) - A new variant of the Sober virus spreads through worldwide email systems, by fraudulently claiming to originate from the United States FBIFederal Bureau of InvestigationThe Federal Bureau of Investigation is an agency of the United States Department of Justice that serves as both a federal criminal investigative body and an internal intelligence agency . The FBI has investigative jurisdiction over violations of more than 200 categories of federal crime...
, the CIACentral Intelligence AgencyThe Central Intelligence Agency is a civilian intelligence agency of the United States government. It is an executive agency and reports directly to the Director of National Intelligence, responsible for providing national security intelligence assessment to senior United States policymakers...
or the German BKAFederal Criminal Police Office (Germany)The Federal Criminal Police Office of Germany is a national investigative police agency in Germany and falls directly under the Federal Ministry of the Interior...
. (BBC)
November 23, 2005
- JAXAJapan Aerospace Exploration AgencyThe , or JAXA, is Japan's national aerospace agency. Through the merger of three previously independent organizations, JAXA was formed on October 1, 2003, as an Independent Administrative Institution administered by the Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology and the...
officials announce that HayabusaHayabusawas an unmanned spacecraft developed by the Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency to return a sample of material from a small near-Earth asteroid named 25143 Itokawa to Earth for further analysis....
did land on 25143 Itokawa25143 Itokawa25143 Itokawa is an Apollo and Mars-crosser asteroid. It was the first asteroid to be the target of a sample return mission, the Japanese space probe Hayabusa.-Discovery and naming:...
in its first attempt on November 19, and stayed in contact of the surface for about 30 minutes. However, it has failed to collect a sample. (AP/YahooNews)
November 21, 2005
- A PhD student from Stanford UniversityStanford UniversityThe Leland Stanford Junior University, commonly referred to as Stanford University or Stanford, is a private research university on an campus located near Palo Alto, California. It is situated in the northwestern Santa Clara Valley on the San Francisco Peninsula, approximately northwest of San...
has created a digital cameraDigital cameraA digital camera is a camera that takes video or still photographs, or both, digitally by recording images via an electronic image sensor. It is the main device used in the field of digital photography...
that can refocus images after they are taken by using 90,000 micro lenses which measure light direction. (Wired)
November 20, 2005
- The Spirit roverSpirit roverSpirit, MER-A , is a robotic rover on Mars, active from 2004 to 2010. It was one of two rovers of NASA's ongoing Mars Exploration Rover Mission. It landed successfully on Mars at 04:35 Ground UTC on January 4, 2004, three weeks before its twin, Opportunity , landed on the other side of the planet...
reaches one Martian yearMarsMars is the fourth planet from the Sun in the Solar System. The planet is named after the Roman god of war, Mars. It is often described as the "Red Planet", as the iron oxide prevalent on its surface gives it a reddish appearance...
on the surface of Mars. (NASA)
November 19, 2005
- HayabusaHayabusawas an unmanned spacecraft developed by the Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency to return a sample of material from a small near-Earth asteroid named 25143 Itokawa to Earth for further analysis....
fails to take surface samples of 25143 Itokawa25143 Itokawa25143 Itokawa is an Apollo and Mars-crosser asteroid. It was the first asteroid to be the target of a sample return mission, the Japanese space probe Hayabusa.-Discovery and naming:...
after dropping a target marker and guiding itself to a distance of 17 mMetreThe metre , symbol m, is the base unit of length in the International System of Units . Originally intended to be one ten-millionth of the distance from the Earth's equator to the North Pole , its definition has been periodically refined to reflect growing knowledge of metrology...
to its target. At that point the spacecraftSpacecraftA spacecraft or spaceship is a craft or machine designed for spaceflight. Spacecraft are used for a variety of purposes, including communications, earth observation, meteorology, navigation, planetary exploration and transportation of humans and cargo....
enters its safe modeSafe mode (spacecraft)Safe mode is an operating mode of a modern spacecraft during which all non-essential systems are shut down and only essential functions such as thermal management, radio reception and attitude control are active.-Triggering events:...
for unknown reasons, and communications are interrupted for three hours. During this time it drifts but is assumed to be currently within 100 km of the asteroidAsteroidAsteroids are a class of small Solar System bodies in orbit around the Sun. They have also been called planetoids, especially the larger ones...
. (AP/YahooNews) (AFP/YahooNews)
November 18, 2005
- Removing the Sir2 geneGeneA gene is a molecular unit of heredity of a living organism. It is a name given to some stretches of DNA and RNA that code for a type of protein or for an RNA chain that has a function in the organism. Living beings depend on genes, as they specify all proteins and functional RNA chains...
has revealed a potential breakthrough in ageingAgeingAgeing or aging is the accumulation of changes in a person over time. Ageing in humans refers to a multidimensional process of physical, psychological, and social change. Some dimensions of ageing grow and expand over time, while others decline...
research; as the cells are tricked into reacting as though there is a food shortage and slowing down. This has resulted in organisms living six times longer than normal. (Guardian) - ArchaeologistsArchaeologyArchaeology, or archeology , is the study of human society, primarily through the recovery and analysis of the material culture and environmental data that they have left behind, which includes artifacts, architecture, biofacts and cultural landscapes...
in Norway discover 35 stone ageStone AgeThe Stone Age is a broad prehistoric period, lasting about 2.5 million years , during which humans and their predecessor species in the genus Homo, as well as the earlier partly contemporary genera Australopithecus and Paranthropus, widely used exclusively stone as their hard material in the...
settlements in southern parts of the border between TelemarkTelemarkis a county in Norway, bordering Vestfold, Buskerud, Hordaland, Rogaland and Aust-Agder. The county administration is in Skien. Until 1919 the county was known as Bratsberg amt.-Location:...
and VestfoldVestfoldis a county in Norway, bordering Buskerud and Telemark. The county administration is in Tønsberg.Vestfold is located west of the Oslofjord, as the name indicates. It includes many smaller, but well-known towns in Norway, such as Larvik, Sandefjord, Tønsberg and Horten. The river Numedalslågen runs...
counties; 20 of the dwellings stem from the Upper PaleolithicUpper PaleolithicThe Upper Paleolithic is the third and last subdivision of the Paleolithic or Old Stone Age as it is understood in Europe, Africa and Asia. Very broadly it dates to between 40,000 and 10,000 years ago, roughly coinciding with the appearance of behavioral modernity and before the advent of...
period, roughly 8,000 BCAnno Dominiand Before Christ are designations used to label or number years used with the Julian and Gregorian calendars....
. Before this discovery, only six such dwellings were known in the whole of southern Norway. The excavations have been done in this exact area and time as part of the preparation for rerouting and widening European Highway E18European route E18European route E18 runs from Craigavon in the United Kingdom to Saint Petersburg in Russia, passing through Norway, Sweden, and Finland. It is about 1,890 km in length.-United Kingdom:...
. (This follows the standard procedure in Norway of the Inspectorate of Ancient Monuments and Historic Buildings withholding the startup of major road construction projects until proper archaeological excavations of the affected area have been performed.) (NRK.no) (in Norwegian only; English-language reports awaited)
November 17, 2005
- Computer security experts warn that the software provided by SonySony, commonly referred to as Sony, is a Japanese multinational conglomerate corporation headquartered in Minato, Tokyo, Japan and the world's fifth largest media conglomerate measured by revenues....
to uninstall its XCP tools creates additional vulnerabilities. (BBC)
November 16, 2005
- The European Space AgencyEuropean Space AgencyThe European Space Agency , established in 1975, is an intergovernmental organisation dedicated to the exploration of space, currently with 18 member states...
(ESA) launches two commercial satelliteSatelliteIn the context of spaceflight, a satellite is an object which has been placed into orbit by human endeavour. Such objects are sometimes called artificial satellites to distinguish them from natural satellites such as the Moon....
s using the Ariane 5 ECAAriane 5Ariane 5 is, as a part of Ariane rocket family, an expendable launch system used to deliver payloads into geostationary transfer orbit or low Earth orbit . Ariane 5 rockets are manufactured under the authority of the European Space Agency and the Centre National d'Etudes Spatiales...
rocketRocketA rocket is a missile, spacecraft, aircraft or other vehicle which obtains thrust from a rocket engine. In all rockets, the exhaust is formed entirely from propellants carried within the rocket before use. Rocket engines work by action and reaction...
, achieving the tenth successful launch in a row for the Ariane 5 series. With its total payload mass of about 8,000 kgKilogramThe kilogram or kilogramme , also known as the kilo, is the base unit of mass in the International System of Units and is defined as being equal to the mass of the International Prototype Kilogram , which is almost exactly equal to the mass of one liter of water...
(8 metric tons) this mission sets a new record. (spaceRef.com) - The United States government has won its fight to keep supervisory authority over the internetInternetThe Internet is a global system of interconnected computer networks that use the standard Internet protocol suite to serve billions of users worldwide...
through its contractor, the ICANNICANNThe Internet Corporation for Assigned Names and Numbers is a non-profit corporation headquartered in Marina del Rey, California, United States, that was created on September 18, 1998, and incorporated on September 30, 1998 to oversee a number of Internet-related tasks previously performed directly...
, despite opposition from many nations. (BBC)
November 14, 2005
- The 26th TOP500TOP500The TOP500 project ranks and details the 500 most powerful known computer systems in the world. The project was started in 1993 and publishes an updated list of the supercomputers twice a year...
list of the world's highest-performance supercomputerSupercomputerA supercomputer is a computer at the frontline of current processing capacity, particularly speed of calculation.Supercomputers are used for highly calculation-intensive tasks such as problems including quantum physics, weather forecasting, climate research, molecular modeling A supercomputer is a...
installations is presented at the Supercomputing Conference (SC|05) in Seattle, WashingtonSeattle, WashingtonSeattle is the county seat of King County, Washington. With 608,660 residents as of the 2010 Census, Seattle is the largest city in the Northwestern United States. The Seattle metropolitan area of about 3.4 million inhabitants is the 15th largest metropolitan area in the country...
. The two top positions on the list are held by IBMIBMInternational Business Machines Corporation or IBM is an American multinational technology and consulting corporation headquartered in Armonk, New York, United States. IBM manufactures and sells computer hardware and software, and it offers infrastructure, hosting and consulting services in areas...
-built Blue Gene/LBlue GeneBlue Gene is a computer architecture project to produce several supercomputers, designed to reach operating speeds in the PFLOPS range, and currently reaching sustained speeds of nearly 500 TFLOPS . It is a cooperative project among IBM Blue Gene is a computer architecture project to produce...
systems, with no. 1 achieving a performance of more than 280 teraFLOPSFLOPSIn computing, FLOPS is a measure of a computer's performance, especially in fields of scientific calculations that make heavy use of floating-point calculations, similar to the older, simpler, instructions per second...
—a doubling since the previous list, in June. (TOP500.Org) - Sun MicrosystemsSun MicrosystemsSun Microsystems, Inc. was a company that sold :computers, computer components, :computer software, and :information technology services. Sun was founded on February 24, 1982...
introduces its 8-coreMulticoreMulticore may refer to:* Multi-core processor ** Multicore Association, founded in 2005, a non-profit, industry consortium focused on multicore technology* multicore cable, a generic term for an electrical cable that has multiple cores...
, 4-way multithreading microprocessor UltraSPARC T1UltraSPARC T1|right|262px|UltraSPARC T1 processorSun Microsystems' UltraSPARC T1 microprocessor, known until its 14 November 2005 announcement by its development codename "Niagara", is a multithreading, multicore CPU...
(formerly codenamed Niagara), which is the general-purpose CPUCentral processing unitThe central processing unit is the portion of a computer system that carries out the instructions of a computer program, to perform the basic arithmetical, logical, and input/output operations of the system. The CPU plays a role somewhat analogous to the brain in the computer. The term has been in...
with the highest number of cores on a single chipIntegrated circuitAn integrated circuit or monolithic integrated circuit is an electronic circuit manufactured by the patterned diffusion of trace elements into the surface of a thin substrate of semiconductor material...
to date. The T1 will consume about 70 watts of power, less than half that of other multicore processors. (eWEEK.com)
November 12, 2005
- The release of the Minerva robot by HayabusaHayabusawas an unmanned spacecraft developed by the Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency to return a sample of material from a small near-Earth asteroid named 25143 Itokawa to Earth for further analysis....
fails to deliver it onto the surface of 25143 Itokawa25143 Itokawa25143 Itokawa is an Apollo and Mars-crosser asteroid. It was the first asteroid to be the target of a sample return mission, the Japanese space probe Hayabusa.-Discovery and naming:...
. Most likely the release command was incorrectly timed, and the robot left the gravity field of the asteroid. (MSNBC)
November 11, 2005
- SonySony, commonly referred to as Sony, is a Japanese multinational conglomerate corporation headquartered in Minato, Tokyo, Japan and the world's fifth largest media conglomerate measured by revenues....
stops using the XCPExtended Copy ProtectionExtended Copy Protection is a software package developed by the British company First 4 Internet, and sold as a copy protection or digital rights management scheme for Compact Discs...
copy protection technology after it is found that virusComputer virusA computer virus is a computer program that can replicate itself and spread from one computer to another. The term "virus" is also commonly but erroneously used to refer to other types of malware, including but not limited to adware and spyware programs that do not have the reproductive ability...
programs exploit it as a "backdoor", and previous negative reactions by the public. (AP/CBSNews) - The mission timeline for HayabusaHayabusawas an unmanned spacecraft developed by the Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency to return a sample of material from a small near-Earth asteroid named 25143 Itokawa to Earth for further analysis....
is rescheduled after a successful rehearsal brings the spacecraft within 70 mMetreThe metre , symbol m, is the base unit of length in the International System of Units . Originally intended to be one ten-millionth of the distance from the Earth's equator to the North Pole , its definition has been periodically refined to reflect growing knowledge of metrology...
of the surface of 25143 Itokawa25143 Itokawa25143 Itokawa is an Apollo and Mars-crosser asteroid. It was the first asteroid to be the target of a sample return mission, the Japanese space probe Hayabusa.-Discovery and naming:...
. (SpaceRef.com)
November 10, 2005
- A BoeingBoeingThe Boeing Company is an American multinational aerospace and defense corporation, founded in 1916 by William E. Boeing in Seattle, Washington. Boeing has expanded over the years, merging with McDonnell Douglas in 1997. Boeing Corporate headquarters has been in Chicago, Illinois since 2001...
777-200LRBoeing 777The Boeing 777 is a long-range, wide-body twin-engine jet airliner manufactured by Boeing Commercial Airplanes. It is the world's largest twinjet and is commonly referred to as the "Triple Seven". The aircraft has seating for over 300 passengers and has a range from , depending on model...
airliner breaks the world distance record for commercial jetliners by flying nonstop from Hong KongHong KongHong Kong is one of two Special Administrative Regions of the People's Republic of China , the other being Macau. A city-state situated on China's south coast and enclosed by the Pearl River Delta and South China Sea, it is renowned for its expansive skyline and deep natural harbour...
to London via the Pacific, North America and the Atlantic—a distance of 11,664 nautical miles (21,601 km). The flight took 22 hours and 42 minutes. (Boeing)
November 9, 2005
- The Venus ExpressVenus ExpressVenus Express is the first Venus exploration mission of the European Space Agency. Launched in November 2005, it arrived at Venus in April 2006 and has been continuously sending back science data from its polar orbit around Venus. Equipped with seven science instruments, the main objective of the...
spacecraftSpacecraftA spacecraft or spaceship is a craft or machine designed for spaceflight. Spacecraft are used for a variety of purposes, including communications, earth observation, meteorology, navigation, planetary exploration and transportation of humans and cargo....
is successfully launched at 33:33 UTC from the Baikonur CosmodromeBaikonur CosmodromeThe Baikonur Cosmodrome , also called Tyuratam, is the world's first and largest operational space launch facility. It is located in the desert steppe of Kazakhstan, about east of the Aral Sea, north of the Syr Darya river, near Tyuratam railway station, at 90 meters above sea level...
. (BBC) - The consortium building the Galileo positioning systemGalileo positioning systemGalileo is a global navigation satellite system currently being built by the European Union and European Space Agency . The €20 billion project is named after the famous Italian astronomer Galileo Galilei...
, names the first demonstrator satelliteSatelliteIn the context of spaceflight, a satellite is an object which has been placed into orbit by human endeavour. Such objects are sometimes called artificial satellites to distinguish them from natural satellites such as the Moon....
GIOVE AGIOVEGIOVE, or Galileo In-Orbit Validation Element, is the name for each satellite in a series being built for the European Space Agency to test technology in orbit for the Galileo positioning system.Giove is the Italian word for "Jupiter"...
and plans to launch it in December 2005. (BBC) (ESA)
November 8, 2005
- The KansasKansasKansas is a US state located in the Midwestern United States. It is named after the Kansas River which flows through it, which in turn was named after the Kansa Native American tribe, which inhabited the area. The tribe's name is often said to mean "people of the wind" or "people of the south...
Board of educationBoard of educationA board of education or a school board or school committee is the title of the board of directors or board of trustees of a school, local school district or higher administrative level....
changes its public school science standard, including a new definition of ScienceScienceScience is a systematic enterprise that builds and organizes knowledge in the form of testable explanations and predictions about the universe...
and adding challenges to EvolutionEvolutionEvolution is any change across successive generations in the heritable characteristics of biological populations. Evolutionary processes give rise to diversity at every level of biological organisation, including species, individual organisms and molecules such as DNA and proteins.Life on Earth...
by advocates for Intelligent DesignIntelligent designIntelligent design is the proposition that "certain features of the universe and of living things are best explained by an intelligent cause, not an undirected process such as natural selection." It is a form of creationism and a contemporary adaptation of the traditional teleological argument for...
. (AP/CNN)
November 4, 2005
- xG Technology demonstrates a wireless technology, called xMaxXMaxxMax developed by xG Technology, Inc. is a cognitive radio based mobile VoIP and data system operating in the license-free ISM 900MHz band . xMax is built upon an end-to-end Internet Protocol system infrastructure that includes a line of base stations, mobile switching centers , handsets, and...
, which is reportedly 1,000 times more efficient than WiMaxWiMAXWiMAX is a communication technology for wirelessly delivering high-speed Internet service to large geographical areas. The 2005 WiMAX revision provided bit rates up to 40 Mbit/s with the 2011 update up to 1 Gbit/s for fixed stations...
. According to the company, one base stationBase stationThe term base station can be used in the context of land surveying and wireless communications.- Land surveying :In the context of external land surveying, a base station is a GPS receiver at an accurately-known fixed location which is used to derive correction information for nearby portable GPS...
can cover the same area as 90 WiMax base stations. (TechWorld) - The HayabusaHayabusawas an unmanned spacecraft developed by the Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency to return a sample of material from a small near-Earth asteroid named 25143 Itokawa to Earth for further analysis....
space probeSpace probeA robotic spacecraft is a spacecraft with no humans on board, that is usually under telerobotic control. A robotic spacecraft designed to make scientific research measurements is often called a space probe. Many space missions are more suited to telerobotic rather than crewed operation, due to...
's "dress rehearsal" approach to the surface of asteroidAsteroidAsteroids are a class of small Solar System bodies in orbit around the Sun. They have also been called planetoids, especially the larger ones...
25143 Itokawa25143 Itokawa25143 Itokawa is an Apollo and Mars-crosser asteroid. It was the first asteroid to be the target of a sample return mission, the Japanese space probe Hayabusa.-Discovery and naming:...
is cancelled shortly before the beginning of the descent due to an anomalous signal from the spacecraft. (BBC)
November 3, 2005
- Mission scientists schedule the dates for collecting samples from the surface of the asteroidAsteroidAsteroids are a class of small Solar System bodies in orbit around the Sun. They have also been called planetoids, especially the larger ones...
25143 Itokawa25143 Itokawa25143 Itokawa is an Apollo and Mars-crosser asteroid. It was the first asteroid to be the target of a sample return mission, the Japanese space probe Hayabusa.-Discovery and naming:...
by the HayabusaHayabusawas an unmanned spacecraft developed by the Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency to return a sample of material from a small near-Earth asteroid named 25143 Itokawa to Earth for further analysis....
space probeSpace probeA robotic spacecraft is a spacecraft with no humans on board, that is usually under telerobotic control. A robotic spacecraft designed to make scientific research measurements is often called a space probe. Many space missions are more suited to telerobotic rather than crewed operation, due to...
. The plan calls for two tries: One on November 12 and the second on November 25. (BBC) - NASANASAThe National Aeronautics and Space Administration is the agency of the United States government that is responsible for the nation's civilian space program and for aeronautics and aerospace research...
astronomers publish an analysis of Spitzer space telescopeSpitzer Space TelescopeThe Spitzer Space Telescope , formerly the Space Infrared Telescope Facility is an infrared space observatory launched in 2003...
pictures showing that they could possibly contain light from the very first generation of starStarA star is a massive, luminous sphere of plasma held together by gravity. At the end of its lifetime, a star can also contain a proportion of degenerate matter. The nearest star to Earth is the Sun, which is the source of most of the energy on Earth...
s after the Big BangBig BangThe Big Bang theory is the prevailing cosmological model that explains the early development of the Universe. According to the Big Bang theory, the Universe was once in an extremely hot and dense state which expanded rapidly. This rapid expansion caused the young Universe to cool and resulted in...
. (AP/YahooNews)
November 2, 2005
- 80 of the world's top radio astronomers meet in PunePunePune , is the eighth largest metropolis in India, the second largest in the state of Maharashtra after Mumbai, and the largest city in the Western Ghats. Once the centre of power of the Maratha Empire, it is situated 560 metres above sea level on the Deccan plateau at the confluence of the Mula ...
, India to decide how and where to set up the world's biggest radio telescopeRadio telescopeA radio telescope is a form of directional radio antenna used in radio astronomy. The same types of antennas are also used in tracking and collecting data from satellites and space probes...
, the Square Kilometre ArraySquare Kilometre ArrayThe Square Kilometre Array is a radio telescope in development which will have a total collecting area of approximately one square kilometre. It will operate over a wide range of frequencies and its size will make it 50 times more sensitive than any other radio instrument...
. (NDTV)
Past science and technology events by month
2005 in science2005 in science
The year 2005 in science and technology involved some significant events.-Astronomy:* April 8 – Total solar eclipse*February 23 – Astronomers announce the discovery of a galaxy, VIRGOHI21, that consists almost entirely of dark matter...
: June
June 2005 in science
2005 : January - February - March - April - May - June - July - August - September - October - November - December- →- June 30, 2005 :* The launch of the next space shuttle mission is scheduled for July 13, 2005...
July
July 2005 in science
2005 : January - February - March - April - May - June - July - August - September - October - November - December- →-July 29, 2005:*Two independent teams of astronomers announce the discovery of a large object, circling the Sun in the outer Solar system...
August
August 2005 in science
2005 : January - February - March - April - May - June - July - August - September - October - November - December- →-August 31, 2005:* The decoding of genome of the chimpanzee is announced and a first draft is published. See: Chimpanzee Genome Project....
September
September 2005 in science
2005 : January - February - March - April - May - June - July - August - September - October - November - December- →-September 27, 2005:*A study by scientists from the Kennedy Krieger Research Institute and Johns Hopkins University has restored hair to bald mice by manipulating the mutated...
October
(For earlier science and technology events, see May 2005
May 2005 in science
2005 : January - February - March - April - May - June - July - August - September - October - November - December- →-May 26, 2005:*The Space Shuttle Discovery is moved back into the Vehicle Assembly Building at the Kennedy Space Center, Florida to be attached to a different tank assembly...
and preceding months)