Ofer Biham
Encyclopedia
Ofer Biham is a faculty member at the Racah Institute of Physics of the Hebrew University of Jerusalem
in Israel. Biham received his Ph.D.
for research on quasiperiodic systems
at the Weizmann Institute of Science
, under the supervision of Prof. David Mukamel.
In later years, Biham was involved in the development of methods for the calculation of unstable periodic orbits in chaotic systems, models for efficient simulation
s of traffic flow
and quantum computation.
The focus of Biham's current research is on the development of computational methodologies for the simulation
of stochastic process
es in interstellar chemistry
and in genetic networks. Biham is known for the Biham-Middleton-Levine traffic model
, which is possibly the simplest model containing phase transitions and self-organization
.
Hebrew University of Jerusalem
The Hebrew University of Jerusalem ; ; abbreviated HUJI) is Israel's second-oldest university, after the Technion – Israel Institute of Technology. The Hebrew University has three campuses in Jerusalem and one in Rehovot. The world's largest Jewish studies library is located on its Edmond J...
in Israel. Biham received his Ph.D.
Ph.D.
A Ph.D. is a Doctor of Philosophy, an academic degree.Ph.D. may also refer to:* Ph.D. , a 1980s British group*Piled Higher and Deeper, a web comic strip*PhD: Phantasy Degree, a Korean comic series* PhD Docbook renderer, an XML renderer...
for research on quasiperiodic systems
Quasiperiodicity
Quasiperiodicity is the property of a system that displays irregular periodicity. Periodic behavior is defined as recurring at regular intervals, such as "every 24 hours". Quasiperiodic behavior is a pattern of recurrence with a component of unpredictability that does not lend itself to precise...
at the Weizmann Institute of Science
Weizmann Institute of Science
The Weizmann Institute of Science , known as Machon Weizmann, is a university and research institute in Rehovot, Israel. It differs from other Israeli universities in that it offers only graduate and post-graduate studies in the sciences....
, under the supervision of Prof. David Mukamel.
In later years, Biham was involved in the development of methods for the calculation of unstable periodic orbits in chaotic systems, models for efficient simulation
Simulation
Simulation is the imitation of some real thing available, state of affairs, or process. The act of simulating something generally entails representing certain key characteristics or behaviours of a selected physical or abstract system....
s of traffic flow
Traffic flow
Traffic flow, in mathematics and civil engineering, is the study of interactions between vehicles, drivers, and infrastructure , with the aim of understanding and developing an optimal road network with efficient movement of traffic and minimal traffic congestion problems.-History:Attempts to...
and quantum computation.
The focus of Biham's current research is on the development of computational methodologies for the simulation
Simulation
Simulation is the imitation of some real thing available, state of affairs, or process. The act of simulating something generally entails representing certain key characteristics or behaviours of a selected physical or abstract system....
of stochastic process
Stochastic process
In probability theory, a stochastic process , or sometimes random process, is the counterpart to a deterministic process...
es in interstellar chemistry
Chemistry
Chemistry is the science of matter, especially its chemical reactions, but also its composition, structure and properties. Chemistry is concerned with atoms and their interactions with other atoms, and particularly with the properties of chemical bonds....
and in genetic networks. Biham is known for the Biham-Middleton-Levine traffic model
Biham-Middleton-Levine traffic model
The Biham-Middleton-Levine traffic model is a self-organizing cellular automaton traffic flow model. It consists of a number of cars represented by points on a lattice with a random starting position, where each car may be one of two types: those that only move downwards , and those that only move...
, which is possibly the simplest model containing phase transitions and self-organization
Self-organization
Self-organization is the process where a structure or pattern appears in a system without a central authority or external element imposing it through planning...
.