Ondoro Osoro
Encyclopedia
Ondoro Osoro is a former Kenya
Kenya
Kenya , officially known as the Republic of Kenya, is a country in East Africa that lies on the equator, with the Indian Ocean to its south-east...

n long-distance runner who competed mostly in cross country
Cross country running
Cross country running is a sport in which people run a race on open-air courses over natural terrain. The course, typically long, may include surfaces of grass and earth, pass through woodlands and open country, and include hills, flat ground and sometimes gravel road...

 and road races
Road running
Road running is the sport of running on a measured course over an established road . These events would be classified as long distance according to athletics terminology, with distances typically ranging from 5 kilometers to 42.2 kilometers in the marathon. They may involve large numbers of runners...

.

In his early career he won a series of cross country races in Europe (taking the first IAAF World Cross Challenge
IAAF World Cross Challenge
The IAAF World Cross Challenge was a cross-country running contest organized by the International Association of Athletics Federations. The athletes accumulated points in three specific cross country meets during the season.-Men:-Women:...

 title) and twice represented Kenya at the IAAF World Cross Country Championships
IAAF World Cross Country Championships
IAAF World Cross Country Championships is the most important competition in international cross country running. Held annually and organised by International Association of Athletics Federations , it was inaugurated in 1973, when it replaced the International Cross Country Championships...

. He also ran the 5000 metres
5000 metres
The 5000 metres is a popular running distance also known as 5 km or 5K in American English. It is one of the track events in the Olympic Games and the World Championships in Athletics. "5000 metres" refers to racing on a track and "5K" usually refers to a roadrace or cross country event...

 on the track, competing at the World Championships in Athletics and winning a bronze medal at the 1991 All-Africa Games
1991 All-Africa Games
The 5th All-Africa Games were held from September 20 to October 1, 1991 in Cairo, Egypt. Forty-three countries participated in eighteen sports....

. He won the San Silvestre Vallecana
San Silvestre Vallecana
The San Silvestre Vallecana is an annual 10 km road race celebrated on December 31 in Madrid since 1964, in the borough of Vallecas, Spain. It is has two editions: a fun run for amateur athletes and an elite race for professional athletes....

 10 km road race three times during this period.

A serious car accident in 1995 left him unable to compete, but he returned to action with a world record for the 10 miles (16.1 km) run in late 1997. On his debut over the 42.195 kilometres (26.2 mi) distance, he won the 1998 Chicago Marathon
Chicago Marathon
The Bank of America Chicago Marathon is a major marathon held yearly in Chicago in Cook County, Illinois, United States. Alongside the Boston, New York, London and Berlin Marathons, it is one of the five World Marathon Majors. Thus, it is also an IAAF Gold Label race...

 with a time of 2:06:54 hours, which ranked him as the third fastest ever at that point and was the fastest ever debut run for the marathon
Marathon
The marathon is a long-distance running event with an official distance of 42.195 kilometres , that is usually run as a road race...

. He was third in Chicago in 1999 and came fourth at the 2000 Boston Marathon
Boston Marathon
The Boston Marathon is an annual marathon hosted by the U.S. city of Boston, Massachusetts, on Patriots' Day, the third Monday of April. Begun in 1897 and inspired by the success of the first modern-day marathon competition in the 1896 Summer Olympics, the Boston Marathon is the world's oldest...

. He was picked for the Kenyan Olympic team
Kenya at the Olympics
Kenya first participated at the Olympic Games in 1956, and has sent athletes to compete in every Summer Olympic Games since then, except for the boycotted 1976 and 1980 Games. Kenya participated in the Winter Olympic Games in 1998, 2002 and 2006...

 at the 2000 Sydney Games
2000 Summer Olympics
The Sydney 2000 Summer Olympic Games or the Millennium Games/Games of the New Millennium, officially known as the Games of the XXVII Olympiad, were an international multi-sport event which was celebrated between 15 September and 1 October 2000 in Sydney, New South Wales, Australia...

, but was shot in the neck during a carjacking
Carjacking
Carjacking is a form of hijacking, where the crime is of stealing a motor vehicle and so also armed assault when the vehicle is occupied. Historically, such as in the rash of semi-trailer truck hijackings during the 1960s, the general term hijacking was used for that type of vehicle abduction,...

 in Kenya a month before the competition.

He began running again in 2001, but the kidnapping of his son and a bout of malaria reduced his competitive appearances. Although nerve damage from the shooting meant he ran with a constant lean to the right, he placed third at the 2002 Honolulu Marathon
Honolulu Marathon
The Honolulu Marathon is one of the world's largest marathons. It takes place annually in Honolulu, Hawaii on the second Sunday in December. - History :...

 and won the San Diego Marathon in 2003. He went on to have two more top ten finishes in the San Diego race and placed ninth in the 2004 Frankfurt Marathon
Frankfurt Marathon
Frankfurt Marathon is an annual marathon held in Frankfurt, Germany in the month of October. The race, currently sponsored by BMW, is Germany's oldest city marathon.- List of winners :Key:- External links :***...

.

Early running and cross country success

His first major race wins came in 1990, when he won the Cross Internacional de Itálica
Cross Internacional de Itálica
The Cross Internacional de Itálica is an annual cross country running competition that is held every January in Santiponce, near Seville, Spain. Inaugurated in 1982, the race course is set in the ruins of the ancient Roman city of Itálica...

 and the San Silvestre Vallecana
San Silvestre Vallecana
The San Silvestre Vallecana is an annual 10 km road race celebrated on December 31 in Madrid since 1964, in the borough of Vallecas, Spain. It is has two editions: a fun run for amateur athletes and an elite race for professional athletes....

 10 km race in Madrid
Madrid
Madrid is the capital and largest city of Spain. The population of the city is roughly 3.3 million and the entire population of the Madrid metropolitan area is calculated to be 6.271 million. It is the third largest city in the European Union, after London and Berlin, and its metropolitan...

. Osoro won both competitions again the following year, and also the Cross Internacional Valle de Llodio
Cross Internacional Valle de Llodio
The Cross Internacional Valle de Llodio is an annual cross country running competition that takes place in Llodio in the Basque Country, Spain around late November. The event was first held in February 1985 and changed to an end-of-year competition soon after, holding its second edition in December...

. He was the inaugural winner of the IAAF World Cross Challenge
IAAF World Cross Challenge
The IAAF World Cross Challenge was a cross-country running contest organized by the International Association of Athletics Federations. The athletes accumulated points in three specific cross country meets during the season.-Men:-Women:...

 series that year and was runner-up to Fita Bayisa
Fita Bayisa
Fita Bayisa , Oromia is an Ethiopian long-distance runner, most known for winning a bronze medal on the 5000 metres at the 1992 Summer Olympics. A year before he had won a silver medal at the World Championships in Tokyo...

 in the following season's competition.

Osoro represented Kenya twice on the world stage in 1991, running at the 1991 IAAF World Cross Country Championships
1991 IAAF World Cross Country Championships
The 19th IAAF World Cross Country Championships were held on March 24, 1991 in Antwerp, Belgium.- Individual :- Team :- Individual :- Team :- Individual :- Team :- Individual :- Team :- External links :**- References :...

 (where he came fifth in the long race) and then on the track at the 1991 World Championships in Athletics
1991 World Championships in Athletics
The 3rd World Championships in Athletics, under the auspices of the International Association of Athletics Federations, were held in the Olympic Stadium in Tokyo, Japan between August 23 and September 1 and athletes from 167 countries participated in the event.The event is best-remembered for the...

 (being eliminated in the 5000 metres
5000 metres
The 5000 metres is a popular running distance also known as 5 km or 5K in American English. It is one of the track events in the Olympic Games and the World Championships in Athletics. "5000 metres" refers to racing on a track and "5K" usually refers to a roadrace or cross country event...

 heats by a narrow margin against Dionísio Castro
Dionísio Castro
Dionísio Silva Castro is a former long-distance runner from Portugal, best known for setting the world record in the 20,000 metres on 31 March 1990, when he clocked 57:18.4 in La Flèche...

). However, he won a medal in the 5000 m at that year's 1991 All-Africa Games
Athletics at the 1991 All-Africa Games
The fourth All-Africa Games were held in September 1991 in Cairo, Egypt.-Men's events:-Women's events:-Medal table:-External links:*...

. He featured in the Kenyan World Cross Country team for a second time at the 1992 IAAF World Cross Country Championships
1992 IAAF World Cross Country Championships
The 20th IAAF World Cross Country Championships were held on March 21, 1992 in Boston, United States.- Individual :- Team :- Individual :- Team :- Individual :- Team :- Individual :- Team :- External links :**...

, although he was less successful on this attempt as he finished in 23rd place. Among his outings on the circuit, he won at the Belfast International Cross Country meet.

At the start of the 1993 season, he won the Almond Blossom Cross Country
Almond Blossom Cross Country
The Almond Blossom Cross Country is an annual international cross country running competition which takes place in Albufeira, Portugal in early March. It is one of the IAAF permit meetings which serve as qualifying events for the IAAF World Cross Country Championships. It is held in co-operation...

. He ran on the European track circuit and greatly improved his 5000 m best, running a time of 13:25.79 minutes at the Bislett Games
Bislett Games
The Bislett Games is an annual track and field event at the Bislett Stadion in Oslo, Norway. Previously one of the IAAF Golden League events, it is now part of the IAAF Diamond League. It is sponsored by ExxonMobil and officially known as the ExxonMobil Bislett Games.-History:The first...

 in Oslo
Oslo
Oslo is a municipality, as well as the capital and most populous city in Norway. As a municipality , it was established on 1 January 1838. Founded around 1048 by King Harald III of Norway, the city was largely destroyed by fire in 1624. The city was moved under the reign of Denmark–Norway's King...

. He also ran bests over 3000 metres
3000 metres
The 3000 metres is a popular amateur middle distance track event where 7.5 laps are completed around a 400 metre track. This event is generally classified as middle distance, but it could be classed as a long distance event in many high schools, since they do not promote races such as the 5000 and...

 (7:43.20 min) and for 10,000 metres (27:24.24 min). As one of the fastest runners that year, he was given entry into the 5000 m at the 1993 IAAF Grand Prix Final and came sixth. He ended the year with a win at the Cross Internacional de la Constitución
Cross Internacional de la Constitución
Cross Internacional de la Constitución is an annual cross country running event which is held in early December in Alcobendas, Spain. The competition was first held in 1982 and began attracting top-level elite distance runners from the 1990s onwards...

 and a third title at the San Silvestre Vallecana. His 1994 was highlighted by a consecutive win at the Almond Blossom meet and a career best over the 5000 m of 13:16.39 minutes in London
London
London is the capital city of :England and the :United Kingdom, the largest metropolitan area in the United Kingdom, and the largest urban zone in the European Union by most measures. Located on the River Thames, London has been a major settlement for two millennia, its history going back to its...

.

Injuries and marathon running

An accident in southern Kenya at the start of 1995 brought his career to an abrupt halt. A truck collided with his car and he suffered injuries to his head, chest and arm. This ruled him out for the rest of the year and, due to a further injury to his Achilles tendon
Achilles tendon rupture
The Achilles tendon is the most commonly injured tendon. Rupture can occur while performing actions requiring explosive acceleration, such as pushing off or jumping...

, he did not return to competitive running until 1997. He began working with German running coach Dieter Hogen around this period. His comeback demonstrated that the accident had not diminished his running ability: in September 1997 he won the City of Pittsburgh Great Race 10 km race in a time of 27:14 minutes on the downhill course – a time that was only slower than the official world record holder Joseph Kimani and the record times run by Stephenson Nyamu and Joseph Kamau on the same course in 1995. The following month he won a 10 miles (16.1 km) race in St. Petersburg, Florida
St. Petersburg, Florida
St. Petersburg is a city in Pinellas County, Florida, United States. It is known as a vacation destination for both American and foreign tourists. As of 2008, the population estimate by the U.S. Census Bureau is 245,314, making St...

 in a world road record time of 45:37 minutes. Although three other men had previously run faster, all had done so on the assisted Dam tot Damloop
Dam tot Damloop
Dam tot Damloop is an annual road running competition held in the Netherlands. It is a 10-mile race from Amsterdam to Zaandam. The event was first held in 1985.-Winners:- External links :**...

 course in Zaandam
Zaandam
Zaandam is a town in the Netherlands, in the province of North Holland. It is the main city of the municipality of Zaanstad, and received city rights in 1811...

, thus making Osoro the official record holder for the distance. This remained a world record for four years, lasting until December 2001 when Simon Maina became the new record holder, and was the fastest 10 miles (16.1 km) ever run in the United States until 2006, when Haile Gebrselassie
Haile Gebrselassie
Haile Gebrselassie is an Ethiopian long-distance track and road running athlete. He won two Olympic gold medals over 10,000 metres and four World Championship titles in the event. He won the Berlin Marathon four times consecutively and also had three straight wins at the Dubai Marathon...

 improved the mark en-route to a half marathon
Half marathon
A half marathon is a road running event of . It is half the distance of a marathon and usually run on roads. Participation in half marathons has grown steadily recently. One of the main reasons for this is that it is a challenging distance, but does not require the same level of training that a...

 record.

In May 1998 he won the 20 km of Brussels
20 km of Brussels
The 20 km of Brussels is a 20.1 km race that has been held each year in Brussels since 1980, usually in May. It used to have a maximum number of 25,000 entries, which were normally sold out quite quickly after places go on sale in March, but in 2010 a staggered start-time approach led to an...

 and the next month he travelled to the United States, winning the Orange Classic 10K and running a career best of 43:00 minutes for 15K for second place at the Utica Boilermaker.
He decided to make his debut over the marathon
Marathon
The marathon is a long-distance running event with an official distance of 42.195 kilometres , that is usually run as a road race...

 distance that year, choosing to run at the 1998 Chicago Marathon
Chicago Marathon
The Bank of America Chicago Marathon is a major marathon held yearly in Chicago in Cook County, Illinois, United States. Alongside the Boston, New York, London and Berlin Marathons, it is one of the five World Marathon Majors. Thus, it is also an IAAF Gold Label race...

 despite his inexperience and the lack of appearance money from the race organisers. He won the race on his first attempt, setting the fastest ever time for a débutante with his winning time of 2:06:54 hours – this made him the third fastest of all-time, one minute slower than then-world record holder Ronaldo da Costa
Ronaldo da Costa
Ronaldo da Costa broke the ten-year-old marathon world record in 1998 in Berlin. The record was previously held by Belayneh Densamo from Ethiopia at the Rotterdam Marathon in April, 1988...

. Osoro returned to the Chicago race the following year but was not successful in defending his title. Khalid Khannouchi
Khalid Khannouchi
Khalid Khannouchi is a Moroccan American marathoner. He was born in Meknes, Morocco. He is the former world record holder for the marathon and held the former road world best for the 20 km distance. He is one of only five men to break the marathon world record more than once, and one of only four...

 won in a world record time, but Osoro managed third place in his second outing over the 42.195 km distance with his time of 2:08:00 hours.

He began his 2000 season with a personal best run in the half marathon
Half marathon
A half marathon is a road running event of . It is half the distance of a marathon and usually run on roads. Participation in half marathons has grown steadily recently. One of the main reasons for this is that it is a challenging distance, but does not require the same level of training that a...

 of 1:01:50 hours, with which he won the Kyoto Half Marathon. He came fourth at the 2000 Boston Marathon
Boston Marathon
The Boston Marathon is an annual marathon hosted by the U.S. city of Boston, Massachusetts, on Patriots' Day, the third Monday of April. Begun in 1897 and inspired by the success of the first modern-day marathon competition in the 1896 Summer Olympics, the Boston Marathon is the world's oldest...

, recording a time of 2:10:29 hours on the Massachusetts
Massachusetts
The Commonwealth of Massachusetts is a state in the New England region of the northeastern United States of America. It is bordered by Rhode Island and Connecticut to the south, New York to the west, and Vermont and New Hampshire to the north; at its east lies the Atlantic Ocean. As of the 2010...

 course. He was later chosen for the Kenyan marathon team for the 2000 Sydney Olympics, gaining the chance to represent his country at the Olympic level for the first time. However, while driving his family in Kenya that July, he was a victim of a violent carjacking
Carjacking
Carjacking is a form of hijacking, where the crime is of stealing a motor vehicle and so also armed assault when the vehicle is occupied. Historically, such as in the rash of semi-trailer truck hijackings during the 1960s, the general term hijacking was used for that type of vehicle abduction,...

. His pregnant wife was pushed from the car, then Osoro was shot by a gunman in the neck and flung from the vehicle. The carjackers later released Osoro's daughter and sister-in-law unharmed and abandoned the car. Osoro was hospitalised for eight weeks and visited neurologist
Neurologist
A neurologist is a physician who specializes in neurology, and is trained to investigate, or diagnose and treat neurological disorders.Neurology is the medical specialty related to the human nervous system. The nervous system encompasses the brain, spinal cord, and peripheral nerves. A specialist...

s in London – nerve damage had left him temporarily unable to move his arm and leg on the right side of his body. He missed his chance at run at the Olympics and was only able to begin running again in April 2001.

Later marathoning

He had endured a further incident during his recovery period: Osoro's wealth as a marathon runner attracted kidnappers; his son was abducted and held for ransom in Kenya, but managed to escape his two kidnappers unharmed. Osoro made his major race comeback at the 2001 Chicago Marathon in October and managed seventh place overall. However, his career was put on hold again in 2002, this time for contracting malaria
Malaria
Malaria is a mosquito-borne infectious disease of humans and other animals caused by eukaryotic protists of the genus Plasmodium. The disease results from the multiplication of Plasmodium parasites within red blood cells, causing symptoms that typically include fever and headache, in severe cases...

, and because of his mother's long-term illness. He ran at the Honolulu Marathon
Honolulu Marathon
The Honolulu Marathon is one of the world's largest marathons. It takes place annually in Honolulu, Hawaii on the second Sunday in December. - History :...

 in December, coming in third in a Kenyan sweep of the top three alongside Mbarak Hussein
Mbarak Hussein
Mbarak Kipkorir Hussein is a Kenyan athlete who specialises in long distance running, including the marathon. Having been a resident of Albuquerque since 1987, he obtained United States citizenship in 2004 and began representing the US internationally in 2007.-Career:A native of Kapsabet, near...

 and Jimmy Muindi
Jimmy Muindi
Jimmy Mwangangi Muindi is a runner from Kenya, who specialises in marathons.Muindi started his marathon career by finishing 2nd at the Honolulu Marathon in 1997. Since then he's been a perennial competitor at the Honolulu Marathon and has won it a record six times...

. In June the following year he ran at the Rock 'n' Roll San Diego Marathon and, in spite of the fact that he ran with a lean to the right throughout (an effect of nerve damage), he won the race and recorded his third marathon time under two hours and ten minutes (2:09:38 hours).

Osoro returned to San Diego in 2004, but finished fourth on that occasion. He was among the favourites for the Frankfurt Marathon
Frankfurt Marathon
Frankfurt Marathon is an annual marathon held in Frankfurt, Germany in the month of October. The race, currently sponsored by BMW, is Germany's oldest city marathon.- List of winners :Key:- External links :***...

in October of that year, although a heavy fall mid-race saw him fade to ninth place with a time of 2:15:11, crossing the line with a bloodied hip. The next year, he ran in San Diego for a third time and came seventh. His running career subsequently declined; he entered the 2008 Boston Marathon but did not manage to finish the race.

His brother, Penuel Osoro, is also a marathon runner.

External links

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