Order of the Dutch Lion
Encyclopedia
The Order of the Netherlands Lion is an order of the Netherlands which was first created on 29 September 1815 by King William I of the Netherlands
.
The Order of the Netherlands Lion was until recently awarded upon eminent individuals from all walks of life, including generals, ministers of the crown, mayors of large towns, professors and leading scientists, industrialists, high ranking civil servants, presiding judges and renowned artists. It could therefore be considered the Dutch equivalent of the Order of the Bath
. Since 1980 the Order has been primarily used to recognise merit in the arts, science, sport and literature; others have been awarded the Order of Orange Nassau instead.
The Order of the Netherlands Lion ranks after the coveted Order of William
, which is only awarded for military merit. Every year on the Queen's official birthday, April 30, several appointments in the Order are made public. The second and third class of the Order are not awarded to foreigners; they are eligible for the Order of Orange Nassau or the Order of the Crown
instead.
The Queen of the Netherlands is the Grand Master of the Order. The Order is issued in three classes. There was also a Medal for "brothers" which had not been conferred since 1960. The brothers became extinct and the grade was abolished in 1994.
, white-enamelled Maltese Cross
, with the monogram "W" (for King William I
) between the arms of the cross. The obverse central disc is in blue enamel, bearing the motto Virtus Nobilitat (Virtue Ennobles). The reverse central disc is plain golden, with the lion from the Netherlands coat-of-arms. The badge hangs from a royal crown. As with all honours awarded by the Netherlands, the insignia comprises of a decoration, a miniature and optionally a breast star. The decoration and breast stars are only worn at formal occasions or while in state office. While wearing a smoking, it is allowed to wear the miniature. Decorations are not worn on any other type of clothing.
The decoration hangs from a ribbon. This is tied as a sash, which is worn from the right shoulder to the left hip.
The star, consisting of the decoration without crown, is attached to an eight-pointed slightly rounded golden star consisting of forty-eight rays. The rays of the star are alternately scaled and all tied at the ends. The star is worn directly above the waist on the left-hand side of the clothing. The star and the medal described above are always worn together.
The miniature is a ribbon tied as a rosette, behind which a bar of gold braid is attached. This is all attached to a bow. The miniature is worn in the place of the decorations described above.
The decoration hangs from a ribbon. This ribbon is smaller in diameter than the ribbon of a Grand Cross.
The star consists of a slightly larger decoration, which is worn directly above the middle on the left-hand side of the clothing. The star and the decoration described above are always worn together.
The miniature only differs from that of the Grand Cross by the bar of silver braid instead of gold braid.
The decoration hangs from the ribbon that is worn at chest height on the left-hand side of the clothing. The ribbon for women is tied in the shape of a bow.
The miniature is tied in the shape of a bow.
s, of which half would be paid to the widow(er) at the death of the award holder.
The badge of honour for Brothers was a silver medal, with the lion from the Netherlands coat-of-arms on the obverse, and the motto Virtus Nobilitat (Virtue Ennobles) on the reverse.
The ribbon for Brothers was blue with a single yellow central stripe.
Other Names, not in above alphabetic order:
William I of the Netherlands
William I Frederick, born Willem Frederik Prins van Oranje-Nassau , was a Prince of Orange and the first King of the Netherlands and Grand Duke of Luxembourg....
.
The Order of the Netherlands Lion was until recently awarded upon eminent individuals from all walks of life, including generals, ministers of the crown, mayors of large towns, professors and leading scientists, industrialists, high ranking civil servants, presiding judges and renowned artists. It could therefore be considered the Dutch equivalent of the Order of the Bath
Order of the Bath
The Most Honourable Order of the Bath is a British order of chivalry founded by George I on 18 May 1725. The name derives from the elaborate mediæval ceremony for creating a knight, which involved bathing as one of its elements. The knights so created were known as Knights of the Bath...
. Since 1980 the Order has been primarily used to recognise merit in the arts, science, sport and literature; others have been awarded the Order of Orange Nassau instead.
The Order of the Netherlands Lion ranks after the coveted Order of William
Order of William
The Military William Order, or often named Military Order of William , is the oldest and highest honour of the Kingdom of the Netherlands. The Order's motto is Voor Moed, Beleid en Trouw...
, which is only awarded for military merit. Every year on the Queen's official birthday, April 30, several appointments in the Order are made public. The second and third class of the Order are not awarded to foreigners; they are eligible for the Order of Orange Nassau or the Order of the Crown
Order of the Crown (Netherlands)
The Order of the Crown is a house order of the Dutch Royal House of Orange-Nassau. The order came into being as a result of Queen Juliana's reorganization of The House Order of Orange in 1969. The 18 classes of the House order were no longer felt to be appropriate in the ever more egalitarian...
instead.
The Queen of the Netherlands is the Grand Master of the Order. The Order is issued in three classes. There was also a Medal for "brothers" which had not been conferred since 1960. The brothers became extinct and the grade was abolished in 1994.
Grades
The following classes and grades exist for the Order of the Dutch Lion:- Knight Grand Cross - Reserved for members of the Royal Family, foreign Heads of State and a select group of former prime ministers, Princes and Cardinals. Wears the badge on a sash on the right shoulder, plus the star on the left chest.
- Knight Commander - Usually conferred upon Dutch Nobel Prize winners, a few distinguished artists, writers and politicians. Wears the badge on a necklet, plus an identical breast cross on the left chest.
- Knight - Until recently this was the decoration conferred upon members of "the establishmentThe EstablishmentThe Establishment is a term used to refer to a visible dominant group or elite that holds power or authority in a nation. The term suggests a closed social group which selects its own members...
". Wears the badge on a ribbon on the left chest. - Brother - No longer issued; see section below. Wore the medal on a ribbon on the left chest.
Insignia
The badge of the Order is a giltGilding
The term gilding covers a number of decorative techniques for applying fine gold leaf or powder to solid surfaces such as wood, stone, or metal to give a thin coating of gold. A gilded object is described as "gilt"...
, white-enamelled Maltese Cross
Maltese cross
The Maltese cross, also known as the Amalfi cross, is identified as the symbol of an order of Christian warriors known as the Knights Hospitaller or Knights of Malta and through them came to be identified with the Mediterranean island of Malta and is one of the National symbols of Malta...
, with the monogram "W" (for King William I
William I of the Netherlands
William I Frederick, born Willem Frederik Prins van Oranje-Nassau , was a Prince of Orange and the first King of the Netherlands and Grand Duke of Luxembourg....
) between the arms of the cross. The obverse central disc is in blue enamel, bearing the motto Virtus Nobilitat (Virtue Ennobles). The reverse central disc is plain golden, with the lion from the Netherlands coat-of-arms. The badge hangs from a royal crown. As with all honours awarded by the Netherlands, the insignia comprises of a decoration, a miniature and optionally a breast star. The decoration and breast stars are only worn at formal occasions or while in state office. While wearing a smoking, it is allowed to wear the miniature. Decorations are not worn on any other type of clothing.
Grand Cross
The decoration hangs from a ribbon. This is tied as a sash, which is worn from the right shoulder to the left hip.
The star, consisting of the decoration without crown, is attached to an eight-pointed slightly rounded golden star consisting of forty-eight rays. The rays of the star are alternately scaled and all tied at the ends. The star is worn directly above the waist on the left-hand side of the clothing. The star and the medal described above are always worn together.
The miniature is a ribbon tied as a rosette, behind which a bar of gold braid is attached. This is all attached to a bow. The miniature is worn in the place of the decorations described above.
Commander
The decoration hangs from a ribbon. This ribbon is smaller in diameter than the ribbon of a Grand Cross.
The star consists of a slightly larger decoration, which is worn directly above the middle on the left-hand side of the clothing. The star and the decoration described above are always worn together.
The miniature only differs from that of the Grand Cross by the bar of silver braid instead of gold braid.
Knight
The decoration hangs from the ribbon that is worn at chest height on the left-hand side of the clothing. The ribbon for women is tied in the shape of a bow.
The miniature is tied in the shape of a bow.
The Brothers
Associated with the Order of the Netherlands Lion was the class known as the Brother, which has not been conferred in living memory. It was awarded to those, usually of a lower social class, who performed useful acts, self-sacrifice or other acts of kindness towards fellow human beings (for example, risking one's life to save others from grave danger). The award came with an annual payment of 200 guilderGuilder
Guilder is the English translation of the Dutch gulden — from Old Dutch for 'golden'. The guilder originated as a gold coin but has been a common name for a silver or base metal coin for some centuries...
s, of which half would be paid to the widow(er) at the death of the award holder.
The badge of honour for Brothers was a silver medal, with the lion from the Netherlands coat-of-arms on the obverse, and the motto Virtus Nobilitat (Virtue Ennobles) on the reverse.
The ribbon for Brothers was blue with a single yellow central stripe.
Knight Grand Cross
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(2010) - Neelie KroesNeelie KroesNeelie Kroes is a Dutch politician of the People's Party for Freedom and Democracy . She served as a Member of the House of Representatives from 3 August 1971 until 28 December 1977 when she became State Secretary for Transport, Public Works and Water Management from 28 December 1977 until 11...
(1981) - Herman Johannes Lam
- Peter LankhorstPeter LankhorstPetrus Antonius Lankhorst is a Dutch politician. Lankhorst was MP for both the progressive Christian Political Party of Radicals and the GreenLeft....
(1994) - Willem van Lanschot
- Ad Lansink (1990)
- Meindert LeerlingMeindert LeerlingMeindert Leerling is a Dutch former politician, television director and journalist.As a member of the Reformatory Political Federation he was a member of the Dutch House of Representatives as well as Parliamentary leader from 1981 to 1994.Previously he worked as a television director and RTV...
(1994) - Paul de LeeuwPaul de LeeuwPaul Henri de Leeuw is a Dutch television comedian, singer and actor.De Leeuw gained national fame in the late eighties and early nineties with television shows for broadcasting company VARA...
(2007) - Reinbert de Leeuw (2008)
- Hannie van LeeuwenHannie van LeeuwenJohanna van Leeuwen is a Dutch politician of the Christian Democratic Appeal party.- References :...
(1978) - Luigi van Leeuwen
- Willem Levelt (1998)
- Diderik van Leyden Gael (1841)
- Hans Liberg (2008)
- Cornelis Jan van Lienden
- René van der LindenRené van der LindenPierre René Hubert Marie van der Linden is a Member of the Senate of the Netherlands. He was President of the Dutch Senate from 2009 to 2011, and President of the Parliamentary Assembly of the Council of Europe from 2005 to 2008....
(1988) - Hans Linthorst Homan (1921)
- Jan Tijmens Linthorst Homan
- Johannes Linthorst HomanJohannes Linthorst HomanJohannes Linthorst Homan was a Dutch politician and diplomat.He was born in Assen on 17 February 1903 to the patrician Linthorst Homan family, the son of Jan Tijmens Linthorst Homan. He studied law in Leiden, and started practicising in Assen in 1926. He joined the Liberal Freedom League and in...
- Joghem van Loghem
- Fernando Lopes da Silva (2001)
- Hugo LoudonHugo LoudonHugo John Hope Loudon is a former English cricketer. A right-handed batsman and slow left-arm bowler, he made three first-class appearances for Durham University Centre of Cricketing Excellence and two List A appearances for the Kent Cricket Board.He is the older brother of Alex Loudon, who played...
- Pieter Lycklama à Nijeholt
- Hanja Maij-WeggenHanja Maij-WeggenJohanna Rika Hermanna Maij-Weggen is a former Dutch politician. From 1989 until 1994 she was Minister of Transport, Public Works and Water Management in the third cabinet of prime minister Ruud Lubbers, and from 2003 until 2009 the Queen's Commissioner of the province of North Brabant.-Life and...
(1994) - Henri Marchant (1908)
- Wim Mateman (1992)
- Willem MengelbergWillem MengelbergJoseph Willem Mengelberg was a Dutch conductor, famous for his performances of Mahler and Strauss with the Concertgebouw Orchestra.- Biography :...
(1907, removed 1948) - Vincent MentzelVincent MentzelVincent Mentzel was born on 28 September 1945 in Hoogkarspel in the Netherlands and is a Dutch photographer, who was knighted by Queen Beatrix of The Netherlands in 2007 for his contributions to photography...
(2007) - Harm van der MeulenHarm van der MeulenHarm van der Meulen was a Dutch trade unionist and politician.-References:...
(1986) - Pim MulierPim MulierWillem Johan Herman Mulier was one of the leading figures in sporting history of the Netherlands.-Biography:...
- Assueer Jacob van Nagell van Ampsen (1911)
- Christien Jacques Adrien van Nagell van Ampsen (1834)
- Justinus Egbert Hendrik van Nagell van Ampsen (1874)
- Arno Nicolaï (1971)
- Émile de Nieuwerkerke
- Ed NijpelsEd NijpelsEduardus Hermannus Theresia Maria Nijpels is a Dutch politician.-References:...
- Hubertus Cornelis Joseph Maria van Nispen tot Sevenaer (1887)
- Arend Odé
- Lucas Oldenhuis Gratama (1880)
- Ria Oomen (1994)
- Hendrik Jan Oosting (1836/1837)
- Pieter OudPieter OudPieter Jacobus Oud was a prominent liberal Dutch politician who served held numerous political offices, including member of the House of Representatives, Minister of Finance and Mayor of Rotterdam. He was one of the founding member of the Dutch Labour Party and the People's Party for Freedom and...
(1925) - Johan Æmilius Abraham van Panhuys
- Jacob Adriaan Nicolaas PatijnJacob Adriaan Nicolaas PatijnJacob Adriaan Nicolaas Patijn was a Dutch politician.-References:* in Biografisch Woordenboek van Nederland....
(1921) - Jacob Gerard Patijn (1881)
- Adriaan PaulenAdriaan PaulenAdriaan "Adje" Paulen was a Dutch athlete who competed from 1917 to 1931. During World War II, he was part of the Dutch resistance in the Netherlands...
(1982) - Jan Mathijs Peters (1958)
- Leonard Antoon Hubert Peters (1952)
- Frits PhilipsFrits PhilipsFrederik Jacques "Frits" Philips was the fourth chairman of the board of directors of the Dutch electronics company Philips, which his uncle and father founded...
- Folkert PosthumaFolkert PosthumaFolkert Evert Posthuma was a Dutch politician.-References:...
(1920) - Jan Hendrik Jacob Quarles van Ufford
- Johan Willem Quarles van Ufford
- Jan de QuayJan de QuayJan Eduard de Quay was a Dutch politician of the defunct Catholic People's Party now merged into the Christian Democratic Appeal . He served as Prime Minister of the Netherlands from May 19, 1959 until July 24, 1963....
- Theo Quené (1971)
- Anthony Gerhard Alexander van RappardAnthony Gerhard Alexander van RappardAnthony Gerhard Alexander ridder van Rappard was a Dutch politician.-References:...
(1839) - Godefridus Raupp
- Johannis de RijkeJohannis de RijkeJohannis de Rijke was a Dutch civil engineer and a foreign advisor to the Japanese government in Meiji period Japan.-Early life:...
(1913) - Hedzer RijpstraHedzer RijpstraHedzer Rijpstra was a Dutch politician. He was born in Zelhem and died in Oegstgeest in the age 91.-References:...
- Harry van Roekel (1988)
- Harm Roelfsema
- Marte Röling (2010)
- Martin van Rooijen (1978)
- Henk van Rossum
- Victor Henri Rutgers (1922)
- Nora Salomons (1985)
- Nicolien SauerbreijNicolien SauerbreijNicolien Sauerbreij is a Dutch professional snowboarder. She won seven World Cup races and ranked first in the parallel giant slalom standings of the 2007–2008 and the 2009–2010 World Cup...
(2010) - Jan Evert Scholten
- Jan Nico ScholtenJan Nico ScholtenJan Nico Scholten is a former Dutch politician.Scholten studied law and political science at VU University Amsterdam. After being mayor of the municipalities Andel, Giessen and Rijswijk for nine years and Chairman of a District Council for ten years, he joined the Dutch Parliament from 1970-1986 ...
(1983) - Willem Albert Scholten
- Henri Johan van der Schroeff
- Ramses ShaffyRamses ShaffyRamses Shaffy was a Dutch singer and actor. He became popular during the 1960s. His most famous songs include Zing, vecht, huil, bid, lach, werk en bewonder , We zullen doorgaan , Pastorale, Sammy and Laat me...
(2002) - Jan SiebelinkJan SiebelinkJan Siebelink is a Dutch author. In 2005, he wrote the novel Knielen op een bed violen that sold over 500,000 copies. In 1991, he won the Ferdinand Bordewijk Prijs for De overkant van de rivier....
(2009) - Ad Simonis
- Harm Smeenge
- Max van der StoelMax van der StoelMax van der Stoel, KCMG was a Dutch politician and former Minister of Foreign Affairs of the Netherlands. He served as the first High Commissioner on National Minorities of the Organization for Security and Co-operation in Europe....
(1966) - Ko SuurhoffKo SuurhoffJacobus Gerardus Suurhoff was a Dutch politician.-References:...
(1951) - Maurits Pico Diederik van Sytzama (1831)
- Shinkichi TajiriShinkichi TajiriShinkichi Tajiri was a Dutch-American sculptor of Japanese ancestry . He was also active in painting, photography and cinematography....
(2007) - Floris TakensFloris TakensFloris Takens was a Dutch mathematician known for contributions to the theory of chaotic dynamical systems.Together with David Ruelle he predicted that fluid turbulence could develop through a strange attractor, a term they coined, as opposed to the then-prevailing theory of accretion of modes....
(2005) - Sjeng Tans (1965)
- Corry Tendeloo (1954)
- Arnold Tilanus (1973)
- Herman Tollius
- Teun TolmanTeun TolmanTeun Tolman was a Dutch politician.-References:...
- Frederik Cornelis Tromp (1888)
- Mark TuitertMark TuitertMark Tuitert ; born April 4, 1980 in Holten, Overijssel) is a Dutch speed skater. He won gold at the 1500m sprint at the 2010 Winter Olympics.-Personal life:Tuitert married fellow Dutch speed skater Helen van Goozen in 2009...
(2010) - Albert UderzoAlbert UderzoAlbert Uderzo is a French comic book artist, and scriptwriter. He is best known for his work on the Astérix series, but also drew other comics such as Oumpah-pah, also in collaboration with René Goscinny.-Early life:...
(2006) - Harry van der KampHarry van der KampHarry van der Kamp is a Dutch bass singer in opera and concert.- Singing career :Van der Kamp studied first law and psychology in Amsterdam...
(2010) - Herman van VeenHerman van VeenHermannus Jantinus "Herman" van Veen is a Dutch stage performer, actor, musician and singer/songwriter and author. He is most famous as the creator of the Dutch-Japanese cartoon Alfred J...
(2008) - Rienk van Veen (1909)
- Sietze Douwes van Veen
- Hans Verheijen
- Evert Vermeer (1955)
- Gustave Verspijck
- Willem Adriaan Viruly Verbrugge (1861)
- Adriaan Vis (1978)
- Paul VitanyiPaul VitanyiPaul Vitanyi is a Fellow of the Dutch Centrum Wiskunde & Informatica and Professor of Computer Science at the University of Amsterdam.He received his Ph.D...
(2007) - Bas van der VliesBas van der VliesBastiaan Johannis van der Vlies is a former Dutch politician of the Reformed Political Party . He was a member of the House of Representatives of the Netherlands from June 10, 1981 until June 17, 2010. However, this does not make him the longest serving MP, Duymaer van Twist served for almost 45...
(1994) - Arie van der Vlis
- Bram van der Vlugt (2001)
- Willem de Vlugt (1923)
- Adriaan Volker (1903)
- Anne VondelingAnne VondelingAnne Vondeling was a member and former chairman of the Dutch Labour Party.He was minister in fourth Drees cabinet and vice prime minister in the Cals cabinet. Later he became President of Dutch House of Representatives, in which capacity he put much emphasis on the usage of correct and clear...
(1958) - Frans Vonk de Both
- Arthur Eduard Joseph van Voorst tot Voorst
- Coenraad van der Voort van Zijp (1920)
- Jan Willem Jacobus de Vos van Steenwijk (1888)
- Jan Hendrik de Waal MalefijtJan Hendrik de Waal MalefijtJan Hendrik de Waal Malefijt was a Dutch politician.-References:...
- Gerard van Walsum
- Henk Waltmans (1987)
- Jan Weitkamp
- Dirk van der Wel
- Franciscus Hubertus van Wichen
- David de WiedDavid de WiedDavid de Wied was a Dutch professor of pharmacology at the University of Utrecht.Due to the necessity of hiding as a jew during the Second World War, De Wied only started in 1947 studying medicine at the University of Groningen...
- Hans WiegelHans WiegelHans Wiegel is a retired Dutch politician of the People's Party for Freedom and Democracy . He served as a Member of the House of Representatives from April 18, 1967 until December 19, 1977...
- Frans WoltersFrans WoltersFranciscus Leonardus Antonius Johannes Wolters was a Dutch politician.-References:...
(1994) - Ad van der Woude
- Ireen WüstIreen WüstIreen Wüst is a Dutch long track allround speed skater. At the age of 19, on February 12, 2006, Wüst won the gold medal in the 2006 Winter Olympic Games 3000-meter event...
(2006) - Pieter Zandt (1933)
- Henk ZeevalkingHenk ZeevalkingHendrik Jan Zeevalking was a Dutch politician. He was co-founder of the political party Democrats 66...
- Alfred Rudolph Zimmerman
- Jan David Zocher (1845)
- Guus Zoutendijk
Other Names, not in above alphabetic order:
- Emmy VerheyEmmy Verhey-Biography:Verhey got her first violin when she was 7. Recognized soon as a child prodigy, she went to study at age 8 with Oskar Back. Later she studied with Herman Krebbers, Bela Dekany, Wolfgang Schneiderhan...
(?) - L.E.J. Brouwer (1932)
- Henri WassenberghHenri WassenberghHenry Abraham Wassenbergh , known to his friends and colleagues as "Or" Wassenbergh, is a Dutch academic, professor of law, and writer.Wassenbergh earned a law degree from the University of Amsterdam in 1950...
(1989) - Mohammad Reza PahlaviMohammad Reza PahlaviMohammad Rezā Shāh Pahlavi, Shah of Iran, Shah of Persia , ruled Iran from 16 September 1941 until his overthrow by the Iranian Revolution on 11 February 1979...
(1959) - Emperor Akihito (1991)
- Hartmut HaenchenHartmut HaenchenHartmut Haenchen is a German orchestra conductor.Haenchen began his musical career as a member of the Dresden Kreuzchor. By the age of 15, he was already conducting performances as cantor. As a 17-year-old, he attracted widespread attention with his revival of Johann Adolph Hasse's Requiem...
(1996) - Paul PanhuysenPaul PanhuysenPaul Panhuysen is a Dutch composer, visual and sound artist. He founded and directed Het Apollohuis, an art space that functioned during the 80's and 90's having artists doing sound installations, sound sculptures, and concerts about free improvisation, experimental music, and electronic...
(1998) - Gerard ReveGerard ReveGerard Kornelis van het Reve was a Dutch writer. He adopted a shortened version of his name, Gerard Reve in 1973, and that is how he is known today. Together with Willem Frederik Hermans and Harry Mulisch, he is considered one of the "Great Three" of Dutch post-war literature...
(1998) - Rudi Fuchs (1998)
- Ed van den HeuvelEd van den HeuvelEdward Peter Jacobus van den Heuvel is a Dutch astronomer and emeritus professor at the Astronomical Institute Anton Pannekoek of the University of Amsterdam....
(1999) - Alexander Schrijver (2005)
- Elly AmelingElly AmelingElisabeth Sara "Elly" Ameling is a Dutch soprano.-Career:Ameling was born in Rotterdam. She studied with Bodi Rapp, Jo Bollekamp, Sem Dresden and Jacoba Dresden-Dhont and later French art song with Pierre Bernac...
(2008) - Cees Dam (2007)
- Hans van ManenHans van ManenHans van Manen is a Dutch ballet dancer, choreographer and photographer.He is a son of a German housemaid. He studied under Sonia Gaskell, Françoise Adret and Nora Kiss. Van Manen wrote many ballets. He worked for the Dutch National Ballet from 1973 to 1985. He was awarded the Erasmus Prize in...
(2007) - Hendrik LenstraHendrik LenstraHendrik Willem Lenstra, Jr. is a Dutch mathematician.-Biography:Lenstra received his doctorate from the University of Amsterdam in 1977 and became a professor there in 1978...
(2009) - Edward Noort (2009)
- Ram L. Lakhina (2009)
- Detlef Lohse (2010)