PSA ES engine
Encyclopedia
The PSA ES engine or Renault L engine is a V6 engine used in automotive applications. It was co-developed by the PSA Group (Peugeot
and Citroën
) and Renault
to replace the outdated PRV engine
. It was introduced in 1997 with the Peugeot 406
Coupé.
Unlike the PRV V6, which was a 90° engine because it was developed from a V8 project, the ES/L has a traditional 60° V-angle. It is constructed entirely in aluminum, and available only in DOHC 24-valve format. Its sole iteration, the ES9 (PSA) or L7X (Renault), has a displacement of 2946 cc, slightly less than the 3.0 L variant of the PRV. Bore is 87 mm and stroke
82.6 mm. A 3.3 L version was initially planned as well, but is unlikely to see production due to decreasing demand in V6 petrol engines in Europe and Renault's switch to Nissan-sourced V6 after its alliance with the Japanese carmaker.
Initially, the ES9/L produced 194 PS (143 kW) in accordance with the German and French insurance category limits in force at the time for engines under 3 Litres.(The BMW 2.8 and Audi 2.8 produced the same figure circa 194 PS.) In 2000, Porsche
retuned the Peugeot/Citroën version of the engine for the introduction of the Peugeot 607
and Citroën C5
. This iteration, called ES9 J4S, can now achieve 207 PS (152 kW). In 2005, Peugeot/Citroën introduced variable valve timing
on the intake camshafts varying between 0-40 degrees, improving fuel consumption, low engine speed flexibility and slightly upgrading power to 211 PS (155 kW). This version is not used by Renault who is now focusing on Nissan-developed V6.
In 2000, Tom Walkinshaw Racing
created a competition version for use in the Renault Clio V6. It could achieve a maximum of 280 PS (206 kW) in racing trim, with a version detuned to 230 PS (169 kW) for the road car. The road version's power was improved to 254 PS (187 kW) by Renault Sport
in 2004.
The ES/L V6 has been used in a variety of cars from Citroën, Peugeot and Renault in the executive and luxury segments, namely the Citroën XM
, Citroën Xantia
, Citroën C5
, Citroën C8 and Citroën C6
; the Peugeot 406
, 407
, 605
and 607
; and the Renault Laguna
(Mk.I and II), Espace
(Mk.III), Renault Safrane
and Clio V6. It was also modified by Venturi into a 300+ hp twin turbo in the last of their Atlantique 300 cars. Unlike the PRV, it didn't have much of a career in motorsport, next to the Renault Sport Clio V6 Eurocup the engine is also used by Courage
in the C60, as a 3.2L bi-turbo engine, with a max output of 650 bhp. The engines are build by Sodemo racing.
With Renault now shifting to the Nissan VQ engine
3.5L V6, PSA is now the sole user of the ES. Now rumours have entered minds that Peugeot is developing a new engine for the Citroën C6
and the upcoming and eagerly awaited Peugeot 608. The new engine is likely to be designed to meet the next emissions laws in the European Union
and be more powerful to compete in the luxury segment.
Peugeot
Peugeot is a major French car brand, part of PSA Peugeot Citroën, the second largest carmaker based in Europe.The family business that precedes the current Peugeot company was founded in 1810, and manufactured coffee mills and bicycles. On 20 November 1858, Emile Peugeot applied for the lion...
and Citroën
Citroën
Citroën is a major French automobile manufacturer, part of the PSA Peugeot Citroën group.Founded in 1919 by French industrialist André-Gustave Citroën , Citroën was the first mass-production car company outside the USA and pioneered the modern concept of creating a sales and services network that...
) and Renault
Renault
Renault S.A. is a French automaker producing cars, vans, and in the past, autorail vehicles, trucks, tractors, vans and also buses/coaches. Its alliance with Nissan makes it the world's third largest automaker...
to replace the outdated PRV engine
PRV engine
The PRV engine is an automobile petrol V6 engine that was developed jointly by Peugeot, Renault and Volvo Cars – and sold from 1974 to 1998. It was gradually replaced after 1994 by another joint PSA-Renault design, known as the ES engine at PSA and the L engine at Renault.-Corporate history:The...
. It was introduced in 1997 with the Peugeot 406
Peugeot 406
The Peugeot 406 was a large family car made by the French automaker Peugeot from 1995 to 2004. Available in saloon, estate and coupé bodystyles with a choice of petrol or turbodiesel engines, the 406 replaced the Peugeot 405 in Peugeot's lineup, and was itself replaced by the Peugeot 407...
Coupé.
Unlike the PRV V6, which was a 90° engine because it was developed from a V8 project, the ES/L has a traditional 60° V-angle. It is constructed entirely in aluminum, and available only in DOHC 24-valve format. Its sole iteration, the ES9 (PSA) or L7X (Renault), has a displacement of 2946 cc, slightly less than the 3.0 L variant of the PRV. Bore is 87 mm and stroke
Stroke
A stroke, previously known medically as a cerebrovascular accident , is the rapidly developing loss of brain function due to disturbance in the blood supply to the brain. This can be due to ischemia caused by blockage , or a hemorrhage...
82.6 mm. A 3.3 L version was initially planned as well, but is unlikely to see production due to decreasing demand in V6 petrol engines in Europe and Renault's switch to Nissan-sourced V6 after its alliance with the Japanese carmaker.
Initially, the ES9/L produced 194 PS (143 kW) in accordance with the German and French insurance category limits in force at the time for engines under 3 Litres.(The BMW 2.8 and Audi 2.8 produced the same figure circa 194 PS.) In 2000, Porsche
Porsche
Porsche Automobil Holding SE, usually shortened to Porsche SE a Societas Europaea or European Public Company, is a German based holding company with investments in the automotive industry....
retuned the Peugeot/Citroën version of the engine for the introduction of the Peugeot 607
Peugeot 607
The Peugeot 607 was an executive car produced by the French automaker Peugeot from September 1999 to June 2010.The 607, along with the smaller 407, was superseded by the 508 in early 2011.-History:...
and Citroën C5
Citroën C5
The Citroën C5 is a large family car produced by the French manufacturer Citroën since early 2001. The C5 replaced the Citroën Xantia in the large family car class.-First generation :...
. This iteration, called ES9 J4S, can now achieve 207 PS (152 kW). In 2005, Peugeot/Citroën introduced variable valve timing
Variable valve timing
In internal combustion engines, variable valve timing , also known as Variable valve actuation , is a generalized term used to describe any mechanism or method that can alter the shape or timing of a valve lift event within an internal combustion engine...
on the intake camshafts varying between 0-40 degrees, improving fuel consumption, low engine speed flexibility and slightly upgrading power to 211 PS (155 kW). This version is not used by Renault who is now focusing on Nissan-developed V6.
In 2000, Tom Walkinshaw Racing
Tom Walkinshaw Racing
Tom Walkinshaw Racing , was an auto racing team and engineering firm founded in 1976 by touring car racer Tom Walkinshaw.-History:TWR started by modifying BMW 3.0 CSLs, but soon was contracted to head Mazda's works program in the British Touring Car Championship. The TWR developed RX-7, with Win...
created a competition version for use in the Renault Clio V6. It could achieve a maximum of 280 PS (206 kW) in racing trim, with a version detuned to 230 PS (169 kW) for the road car. The road version's power was improved to 254 PS (187 kW) by Renault Sport
Renault Sport
Renault Sport Technologies is the France motorsport division of Renault. Renault Sport was responsible for Renault's sports car racing entries during the 1970s, including their win at the 1978 24 Hours of Le Mans race with the Renault Alpine A442.Actual Renault's Formula One team, Renault F1 in...
in 2004.
The ES/L V6 has been used in a variety of cars from Citroën, Peugeot and Renault in the executive and luxury segments, namely the Citroën XM
Citroën XM
The Citroën XM is an executive car that was produced by the French automaker Citroën between 1989 and 2000. Citroën sold 333,775 XMs during the model's 11 years of production...
, Citroën Xantia
Citroën Xantia
The Citroën Xantia, pronounced 'Zan-tia' is a large family car produced by the French automaker Citroën. First seen at the end of 1992, the car was produced between 1993 and 2001, with a facelift in 1998. Citroën sold over 1.2 million Xantias during its 8 years of production...
, Citroën C5
Citroën C5
The Citroën C5 is a large family car produced by the French manufacturer Citroën since early 2001. The C5 replaced the Citroën Xantia in the large family car class.-First generation :...
, Citroën C8 and Citroën C6
Citroën C6
The Citroën C6 is an executive car produced by the French luxury marque Citroën since 2005.-Overview:Inspired by the C6 Lignage prototype which was first shown at the Geneva Motor Show in the spring of 1999, but differs from the concept car's styling in minor details...
; the Peugeot 406
Peugeot 406
The Peugeot 406 was a large family car made by the French automaker Peugeot from 1995 to 2004. Available in saloon, estate and coupé bodystyles with a choice of petrol or turbodiesel engines, the 406 replaced the Peugeot 405 in Peugeot's lineup, and was itself replaced by the Peugeot 407...
, 407
Peugeot 407
The Peugeot 407 was a large family car produced by the French automaker Peugeot from 2004 to 2010. It is available in saloon, coupé and estate variants, with both Diesel and petrol engines...
, 605
Peugeot 605
The Peugeot 605 is an executive car produced by the French manufacturer Peugeot between 1989 and 1999, with a facelift in 1995.-History:The 605 was a saloon/sedan built on the same platform as the Citroën XM, and was successor to the unsuccessful Peugeot 604 which went out of production 4 years...
and 607
Peugeot 607
The Peugeot 607 was an executive car produced by the French automaker Peugeot from September 1999 to June 2010.The 607, along with the smaller 407, was superseded by the 508 in early 2011.-History:...
; and the Renault Laguna
Renault Laguna
The Renault Laguna is a large family car produced by the French manufacturer Renault. The first Laguna was launched in 1993, the second generation was launched in 2000, and the third generation was made available for sale in October 2007....
(Mk.I and II), Espace
Renault Espace
The Renault Espace is a large MPV from French car-maker Renault. Generations 1-3 were sold under the Renault brand but manufactured by Matra. The current fourth generation model, which seats seven passengers, is an all-Renault product; the Renault Grand Espace is a long-wheelbase version with...
(Mk.III), Renault Safrane
Renault Safrane
The Renault Safrane was an executive car designed and built by the French manufacturer Renault from 1992 to 2000. Throughout its lifespan it remained the most expensive and most luxurious Renault available...
and Clio V6. It was also modified by Venturi into a 300+ hp twin turbo in the last of their Atlantique 300 cars. Unlike the PRV, it didn't have much of a career in motorsport, next to the Renault Sport Clio V6 Eurocup the engine is also used by Courage
Courage
Courage is the ability to confront fear, pain, danger, uncertainty, or intimidation...
in the C60, as a 3.2L bi-turbo engine, with a max output of 650 bhp. The engines are build by Sodemo racing.
With Renault now shifting to the Nissan VQ engine
Nissan VQ engine
The VQ is a V6 piston engine produced by Nissan with displacements varying from 2.0 L to 4.0 L. It is an aluminum block DOHC 4-valve design with aluminum heads. It is fitted with Nissan's EGI/ECCS sequential multi-point fuel injection system...
3.5L V6, PSA is now the sole user of the ES. Now rumours have entered minds that Peugeot is developing a new engine for the Citroën C6
Citroën C6
The Citroën C6 is an executive car produced by the French luxury marque Citroën since 2005.-Overview:Inspired by the C6 Lignage prototype which was first shown at the Geneva Motor Show in the spring of 1999, but differs from the concept car's styling in minor details...
and the upcoming and eagerly awaited Peugeot 608. The new engine is likely to be designed to meet the next emissions laws in the European Union
European Union
The European Union is an economic and political union of 27 independent member states which are located primarily in Europe. The EU traces its origins from the European Coal and Steel Community and the European Economic Community , formed by six countries in 1958...
and be more powerful to compete in the luxury segment.
| Model | Output | Notes |
|---|---|---|
| ES9 J4 / L7X | 194 PS (191 hp/142 kW) | 24-valve Multi-valve In automotive engineering a multi-valve or multivalve engine is one where each cylinder has more than two valves. A multi-valve engine has better breathing and can operate at higher revolutions per minute than a two-valve engine, delivering more power.- Multi-valve rationale :A multi-valve design... catalyst Catalytic converter A catalytic converter is a device used to convert toxic exhaust emissions from an internal combustion engine into non-toxic substances. Inside a catalytic converter, a catalyst stimulates a chemical reaction in which noxious byproducts of combustion are converted to less toxic substances by dint... |
| ES9 J4S | 207 PS (205 hp/152 kW) | 24-valve Multi-valve In automotive engineering a multi-valve or multivalve engine is one where each cylinder has more than two valves. A multi-valve engine has better breathing and can operate at higher revolutions per minute than a two-valve engine, delivering more power.- Multi-valve rationale :A multi-valve design... catalyst Catalytic converter A catalytic converter is a device used to convert toxic exhaust emissions from an internal combustion engine into non-toxic substances. Inside a catalytic converter, a catalyst stimulates a chemical reaction in which noxious byproducts of combustion are converted to less toxic substances by dint... |
| ES9 IA | 211 PS (208 hp/155 kW) | 24-valve Multi-valve In automotive engineering a multi-valve or multivalve engine is one where each cylinder has more than two valves. A multi-valve engine has better breathing and can operate at higher revolutions per minute than a two-valve engine, delivering more power.- Multi-valve rationale :A multi-valve design... catalyst Catalytic converter A catalytic converter is a device used to convert toxic exhaust emissions from an internal combustion engine into non-toxic substances. Inside a catalytic converter, a catalyst stimulates a chemical reaction in which noxious byproducts of combustion are converted to less toxic substances by dint... |