Paderborn
Encyclopedia
Paderborn is a city in North Rhine-Westphalia
North Rhine-Westphalia
North Rhine-Westphalia is the most populous state of Germany, with four of the country's ten largest cities. The state was formed in 1946 as a merger of the northern Rhineland and Westphalia, both formerly part of Prussia. Its capital is Düsseldorf. The state is currently run by a coalition of the...

, Germany
Germany
Germany , officially the Federal Republic of Germany , is a federal parliamentary republic in Europe. The country consists of 16 states while the capital and largest city is Berlin. Germany covers an area of 357,021 km2 and has a largely temperate seasonal climate...

, capital of the Paderborn district
Paderborn (district)
Paderborn is a Kreis in the east of North Rhine-Westphalia, Germany. Neighboring districts are Gütersloh, Lippe, Höxter, Hochsauerland, and Soest.-History:...

. The name of the city derives from the river Pader
Pader River
The Pader is a river in North Rhine-Westphalia, Germany, left tributary of the Lippe. It runs through the city of Paderborn, which it gave its name. Although fairly wide, it is only 4 km in length which makes it the shortest river of Germany. -References:...

, which originates in more than 200 springs near Paderborn Cathedral
Paderborn Cathedral
Paderborn Cathedral is the cathedral of the Catholic Archdiocese of Paderborn. It is located in the city centre of Paderborn, North Rhine-Westphalia, Germany. The cathedral is dedicated to Saint Mary, Saint Kilian and Saint Liborius....

, where St. Liborius is buried.

History

Paderborn was founded as a bishopric by Charlemagne
Charlemagne
Charlemagne was King of the Franks from 768 and Emperor of the Romans from 800 to his death in 814. He expanded the Frankish kingdom into an empire that incorporated much of Western and Central Europe. During his reign, he conquered Italy and was crowned by Pope Leo III on 25 December 800...

 in 795. In 799 Pope Leo III
Pope Leo III
Pope Saint Leo III was Pope from 795 to his death in 816. Protected by Charlemagne from his enemies in Rome, he subsequently strengthened Charlemagne's position by crowning him as Roman Emperor....

 fled his enemies in Rome
Rome
Rome is the capital of Italy and the country's largest and most populated city and comune, with over 2.7 million residents in . The city is located in the central-western portion of the Italian Peninsula, on the Tiber River within the Lazio region of Italy.Rome's history spans two and a half...

 and reached Paderborn, where he met Charlemagne. Charlemagne reinstated Leo in Rome in 800 and was crowned as Holy Roman Emperor
Holy Roman Emperor
The Holy Roman Emperor is a term used by historians to denote a medieval ruler who, as German King, had also received the title of "Emperor of the Romans" from the Pope...

 by Leo in return.

The bishop of Paderborn became a Prince of the Empire in 1100. The city was taken by Prussia
Prussia
Prussia was a German kingdom and historic state originating out of the Duchy of Prussia and the Margraviate of Brandenburg. For centuries, the House of Hohenzollern ruled Prussia, successfully expanding its size by way of an unusually well-organized and effective army. Prussia shaped the history...

 in 1802, then by the French
France
The French Republic , The French Republic , The French Republic , (commonly known as France , is a unitary semi-presidential republic in Western Europe with several overseas territories and islands located on other continents and in the Indian, Pacific, and Atlantic oceans. Metropolitan France...

 vassal state
Vassal state
A vassal state is any state that is subordinate to another. The vassal in these cases is the ruler, rather than the state itself. Being a vassal most commonly implies providing military assistance to the dominant state when requested to do so; it sometimes implies paying tribute, but a state which...

 Kingdom of Westphalia
Kingdom of Westphalia
The Kingdom of Westphalia was a new country of 2.6 million Germans that existed from 1807-1813. It included of territory in Hesse and other parts of present-day Germany. While formally independent, it was a vassal state of the First French Empire, ruled by Napoleon's brother Jérôme Bonaparte...

 from 1807 to 1813 and then returned to Prussia.

The tree Irminsul
Irminsul
An Irminsul was a kind of pillar which is attested as playing an important role in the Germanic paganism of the Saxon people. The oldest chronicle describing an Irminsul refers to it as a tree trunk erected in the open air...

 was supposedly located near Paderborn.

Paderborn was the seat of the Bishopric of Paderborn
Bishopric of Paderborn
The Archdiocese of Paderborn is an Archdiocese of the Latin Rite of the Roman Catholic Church in Germany; its seat is Paderborn. It was a diocese from its foundation in 799 until 1802, and again from 1821 until 1930. In 1930, it was promoted to an archdiocese...

; today it is seat of a Roman Catholic archbishop
Archbishop
An archbishop is a bishop of higher rank, but not of higher sacramental order above that of the three orders of deacon, priest , and bishop...

.
St. Liborius is commemorated in Paderborn every year in July with the Liborifest. He is the patron of Paderborn, to which his relics were transferred in 836.

During World War II, Paderborn was comprehensively bombed by allied aircraft in 1944 and 1945(85% destruction) and seized by the US 3rd Armored Division during a pitched battle 31 March - 1 April 1945, in which tanks and flamethrowers were used during combined mechanized-infantry assaults against the city's southwestern, southern and southeastern approaches.

Geography

Paderborn is situated at the spring of the Pader river, approx. 30 kilometres (18.6 mi) east of Lippstadt
Lippstadt
Lippstadt is a town in North Rhine-Westphalia, Germany. It is the largest town within the district of Soest.-Geography:Lippstadt is situated in the Lippe valley, roughly 70 kilometres east of Dortmund and roughly 30 kilometres west of Paderborn...

 and approx. 50 kilometres (31.1 mi) south of Bielefeld
Bielefeld
Bielefeld is an independent city in the Ostwestfalen-Lippe Region in the north-east of North Rhine-Westphalia, Germany. With a population of 323,000, it is also the most populous city in the Regierungsbezirk Detmold...

. The hills of the Eggegebirge
Eggegebirge
The Eggegebirge is a range of low, forested mountains in the very east of the German state of North Rhine-Westphalia.-Geography:The Eggegebirge extends from the southern tip of the Teutoburger Wald range near Horn-Bad Meinberg southwards to the northern parts of the Sauerland near Marsberg...

 are located east of the city.

Neighbouring places

  • Hövelhof
    Hövelhof
    Hövelhof is a municipality in the district Paderborn, in North Rhine-Westphalia, Germany.-Geography:Hövelhof is located in the Senne area, the eastern part of the Westfälische Bucht, approx...

  • Bad Lippspringe
    Bad Lippspringe
    Bad Lippspringe is a town in the district of Paderborn, in North Rhine-Westphalia, Germany.-Geography:Bad Lippspringe is situated on the western slope of the Teutoburger Wald, approx. 10 km north-east of Paderborn...

  • Altenbeken
    Altenbeken
    Altenbeken is a municipality in the district of Paderborn, in North Rhine-Westphalia, Germany.-Geography:Altenbeken is situated in the Eggegebirge, approx. 15 km northeast of Paderborn...

  • Lichtenau
    Lichtenau, Westphalia
    Lichtenau is a municipality in the district of Paderborn, in North Rhine-Westphalia, Germany.-Geography:Lichtenau is situated on the western slope of the Eggegebirge, approx...

  • Borchen
    Borchen
    Borchen is a municipality in the district of Paderborn, in North Rhine-Westphalia, Germany.-Location:Borchen is situated in the Paderborn tableland, approximately 5 km south of Paderborn. The municipality also contains a small part of the eastern Hellweg area...

  • Salzkotten
    Salzkotten
    Salzkotten is a town in the district of Paderborn, in North Rhine-Westphalia, Germany. The name Salzkotten is based on the former salt production, which gave Salzkotten its raison d'être...

  • Delbrück
    Delbrück
    Delbrück is a town in the east of North Rhine-Westphalia, Germany, located in the district Paderborn. As of 2002 it has a population of 29,846.-History:...


  • Division of the town

    The city of Paderborn consists of the following wards
    • Paderborn (city center)
    • Schloß Neuhaus
    • Elsen
      Elsen
      Elsen is a village in Germany that forms a part of the city Paderborn in North Rhine-Westphalia. Until 1975 Elsen was an autonomous Gemeinde...

    • Benhausen
    • Wewer
  • Dahl
  • Neuenbeken
  • Marienloh
  • Sennelager
    Sennelager
    Sennelager is a village in Germany that forms part of the City of Paderborn. It is notable by the presence of a British army barracks, where the 20th Armoured Brigade are currently situated...

  • Sande

  • Population

    Paderborn has a population of over 144,000, of which approximately 10% are students at the local university. Additionally, about 10,000 members or relatives of members of the British armed forces
    British Armed Forces
    The British Armed Forces are the armed forces of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland.Also known as Her Majesty's Armed Forces and sometimes legally the Armed Forces of the Crown, the British Armed Forces encompasses three professional uniformed services, the Royal Navy, the...

     live in Paderborn, but are not included in the nominal population size. About half of the armed forces and families live in the Sennelager
    Sennelager
    Sennelager is a village in Germany that forms part of the City of Paderborn. It is notable by the presence of a British army barracks, where the 20th Armoured Brigade are currently situated...

     ward, the location of the largest barracks.

    Industry

    Paderborn is the headquarters of the former Nixdorf Computer AG
    Nixdorf Computer AG
    Nixdorf Computer AG was a computer company founded by Heinz Nixdorf in 1952. Headquartered in Paderborn, Germany, it became the fourth largest computer company in Europe, and a worldwide specialist in banking and point-of-sale systems...

    , which was acquired by Siemens
    Siemens AG
    Siemens AG is a German multinational conglomerate company headquartered in Munich, Germany. It is the largest Europe-based electronics and electrical engineering company....

     in the early 1990s and known as Siemens-Nixdorf for about 10 years. The company is now known as Wincor Nixdorf
    Wincor Nixdorf
    Wincor Nixdorf is a German corporation that provides retail and retail banking hardware, software, and services. Wincor Nixdorf is engaged primarily in the sale, manufacture, installation and service of self-service transaction systems , retail banking equipment, lottery terminals, postal...

     which is still located in Paderborn, but Siemens retains a considerable presence in the city.
    Many other information technology
    Information technology
    Information technology is the acquisition, processing, storage and dissemination of vocal, pictorial, textual and numerical information by a microelectronics-based combination of computing and telecommunications...


    companies as well as industrial enterprises are located in Paderborn, too:
    • Benteler AG
      Benteler AG
      Benteler International AG is a Management Holding Company, coordinating legally independent, internationally active business divisions Automotive, Stahl Rohr, & Distribution. Benteler was founded in 1876...

       (steel/tube, automotive, trade)
    • Claas
      CLAAS
      Claas is an agricultural machinery manufacturer founded in 1913, now based in Harsewinkel, Germany, in the state of North Rhine Westphalia. Their agricultural products are usually sold under the Claas name, except in North America where combines are distributed under the Lexion brand by Caterpillar...

       (farm machines)
    • Deutsche Bahn AG (vehicle maintenance)
    • dSPACE (engineering tools)
    • Flextronics
      Flextronics
      Flextronics International Ltd. is an electronics manufacturing services provider that offers services to original equipment manufacturers . It also provides supporting supply chain services, including packaging and transportation throughout the world, as well as design and after-sales...

    • Fujitsu Technology Solutions
      Fujitsu Technology Solutions
      Fujitsu Technology Solutions is one of the leading European IT vendors with a presence in all key markets in Europe, the Middle East and Africa, plus India...

    • Orga Systems GmbH
    • Secure Computing Corporation
    • Siemens AG
      Siemens AG
      Siemens AG is a German multinational conglomerate company headquartered in Munich, Germany. It is the largest Europe-based electronics and electrical engineering company....

       (Siemens IT Solutions and Services)
    • Wincor Nixdorf
      Wincor Nixdorf
      Wincor Nixdorf is a German corporation that provides retail and retail banking hardware, software, and services. Wincor Nixdorf is engaged primarily in the sale, manufacture, installation and service of self-service transaction systems , retail banking equipment, lottery terminals, postal...

    • Zuken
      Zuken
      is a Japanese multinational corporation, specializing in software and consulting services for end-to-end electrical and electronic engineering. Zuken came into existence as a pioneer in the development of CAD systems in Japan to contribute to electronics manufacturing...

       (PCB EMC Analysis and Design Software)

    Paderborn is also home of the "Paderborner
    Brauerei Paderborner
    Brauerei Paderborner is a brewery in the German city of Paderborn. The traditional Westphalian brewery was purchased by the German brewery-major Warsteiner in 1990.-The Paderborner beer range:...

    " brewery
    Brewery
    A brewery is a dedicated building for the making of beer, though beer can be made at home, and has been for much of beer's history. A company which makes beer is called either a brewery or a brewing company....

    , which has belonged to the Warsteiner group since 1990.

    Twin towns — Sister cities

    Paderborn is twinned
    Town twinning
    Twin towns and sister cities are two of many terms used to describe the cooperative agreements between towns, cities, and even counties in geographically and politically distinct areas to promote cultural and commercial ties.- Terminology :...

     with: Le Mans
    Le Mans
    Le Mans is a city in France, located on the Sarthe River. Traditionally the capital of the province of Maine, it is now the capital of the Sarthe department and the seat of the Roman Catholic diocese of Le Mans. Le Mans is a part of the Pays de la Loire region.Its inhabitants are called Manceaux...

    , France
    France
    The French Republic , The French Republic , The French Republic , (commonly known as France , is a unitary semi-presidential republic in Western Europe with several overseas territories and islands located on other continents and in the Indian, Pacific, and Atlantic oceans. Metropolitan France...

    , officially since 1967, traditionally since 836 (oldest partnership of its kind in Europe) Bolton
    Bolton
    Bolton is a town in Greater Manchester, in the North West of England. Close to the West Pennine Moors, it is north west of the city of Manchester. Bolton is surrounded by several smaller towns and villages which together form the Metropolitan Borough of Bolton, of which Bolton is the...

    , United Kingdom
    United Kingdom
    The United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern IrelandIn the United Kingdom and Dependencies, other languages have been officially recognised as legitimate autochthonous languages under the European Charter for Regional or Minority Languages...

    , since 1975 Belleville
    Belleville, Illinois
    Belleville is a city in St. Clair County, Illinois, United States. As of the 2010 census, the city has a population of 44,478. It is the eighth-most populated city outside of the Chicago Metropolitan Area and the most populated city south of Springfield in the state of Illinois. It is the county...

    , Illinois
    Illinois
    Illinois is the fifth-most populous state of the United States of America, and is often noted for being a microcosm of the entire country. With Chicago in the northeast, small industrial cities and great agricultural productivity in central and northern Illinois, and natural resources like coal,...

    , U.S.
    United States
    The United States of America is a federal constitutional republic comprising fifty states and a federal district...

    , since 1990 Pamplona
    Pamplona
    Pamplona is the historial capital city of Navarre, in Spain, and of the former kingdom of Navarre.The city is famous worldwide for the San Fermín festival, from July 6 to 14, in which the running of the bulls is one of the main attractions...

    , Spain
    Spain
    Spain , officially the Kingdom of Spain languages]] under the European Charter for Regional or Minority Languages. In each of these, Spain's official name is as follows:;;;;;;), is a country and member state of the European Union located in southwestern Europe on the Iberian Peninsula...

    , since 1992 Przemyśl
    Przemysl
    Przemyśl is a city in south-eastern Poland with 66,756 inhabitants, as of June 2009. In 1999, it became part of the Podkarpackie Voivodeship; it was previously the capital of Przemyśl Voivodeship....

    , Poland
    Poland
    Poland , officially the Republic of Poland , is a country in Central Europe bordered by Germany to the west; the Czech Republic and Slovakia to the south; Ukraine, Belarus and Lithuania to the east; and the Baltic Sea and Kaliningrad Oblast, a Russian exclave, to the north...

    , since 1993 Debrecen
    Debrecen
    Debrecen , is the second largest city in Hungary after Budapest. Debrecen is the regional centre of the Northern Great Plain region and the seat of Hajdú-Bihar county.- Name :...

    , Hungary
    Hungary
    Hungary , officially the Republic of Hungary , is a landlocked country in Central Europe. It is situated in the Carpathian Basin and is bordered by Slovakia to the north, Ukraine and Romania to the east, Serbia and Croatia to the south, Slovenia to the southwest and Austria to the west. The...

    , since 1994 Qingdao
    Qingdao
    ' also known in the West by its postal map spelling Tsingtao, is a major city with a population of over 8.715 million in eastern Shandong province, Eastern China. Its built up area, made of 7 urban districts plus Jimo city, is home to about 4,346,000 inhabitants in 2010.It borders Yantai to the...

    , China
    China
    Chinese civilization may refer to:* China for more general discussion of the country.* Chinese culture* Greater China, the transnational community of ethnic Chinese.* History of China* Sinosphere, the area historically affected by Chinese culture...

    , since 2003

    Education

    Paderborn was once the oldest academic site in Westphalia. In 1614, a university
    University of Paderborn
    The University of Paderborn in Paderborn, North Rhine-Westphalia, Germany was founded in 1972. 15,228 students were enrolled at the university as of December 2010....

     was founded by the Jesuits but was closed in 1819. It was re-founded in 1972 as Universität-Gesamthochschule and transformed into a university in its own right in 2002. Today, it is attended by about 14,000 students.

    Additionally, several theological and private academic institutes exist.

    Paderborn has the largest computer museum
    Computer museum
    A computer museum is devoted to the study of historic computer hardware and software, where a museum is a "permanent institution in the service of society and of its development, open to the public, which acquires, conserves, researches, communicates, and exhibits the tangible and intangible...

     in the world, the Heinz Nixdorf MuseumsForum. From 2001 to 2005 it hosted the RoboCup
    RoboCup
    RoboCup is an international robotics competition founded in 1997. The aim is to develop autonomous soccer robots with the intention of promoting research and education in the field of artificial intelligence...

     German Open.

    Sports

    Paderborn is a focal point in Germany for American
    United States
    The United States of America is a federal constitutional republic comprising fifty states and a federal district...

     sports. The local baseball
    Baseball
    Baseball is a bat-and-ball sport played between two teams of nine players each. The aim is to score runs by hitting a thrown ball with a bat and touching a series of four bases arranged at the corners of a ninety-foot diamond...

     team, the Paderborn Untouchables
    Paderborn Untouchables
    The Paderborn Untouchables , is a German baseball team in the Baseball-Bundesliga located in the city of Paderborn in Nordrhein-Westfalen. The club was established in 1990....

    , has won many German championships, and the local American Football
    American football
    American football is a sport played between two teams of eleven with the objective of scoring points by advancing the ball into the opposing team's end zone. Known in the United States simply as football, it may also be referred to informally as gridiron football. The ball can be advanced by...

     team, the Paderborn Dolphins, has also enjoyed considerable success. In 2006 the Paderborn Baskets, the home basketball
    Basketball
    Basketball is a team sport in which two teams of five players try to score points by throwing or "shooting" a ball through the top of a basketball hoop while following a set of rules...

     team of the city achieved the Bundesliga
    Basketball Bundesliga
    The Basketball Bundesliga — commonly abbreviated BBL — is the highest level league of club basketball in Germany. The league comprises 18 teams. A BBL season is split into a league stage and a playoff stage...

    .

    Paderborn Baskets (Basketball)

    The Paderborn Baskets played in the playoffs of the 2008-09 German basketball league. The top 8 teams make the playoffs. The 1st place team plays against the 8th place team and the 2nd against the 7th and so on, with the winners participating in the next round.
    Paderborn were the 8th place team. They played against Alba Berlin. The playoffs are conducted in a best-of-five manner, which Paderborn lost three games to two. The last game was played in Berlin. Berlin won and advanced to the next round, leaving Paderborn eighth in the table at the end of the season. Paderborn won both of the home matches played in Paderborn. This was the first time Paderborn participated in the playoffs.

    The homepage for the Paderborn Baskets:Paderborn Baskets Homepage

    SC Paderborn 07 (Football)

    SC Paderborn 07
    SC Paderborn 07
    SC Paderborn 07 is a German association football club based in Paderborn, North Rhine-Westphalia, currently playing in the 2. Bundesliga.-History:...

     is a German football club based in Paderborn, North Rhine-Westphalia, currently playing in the 2. Bundesliga
    2. Fußball-Bundesliga
    - Changes in division set-up :* Number of clubs: currently 18. From 1974 to 1981 there were two conferences, each of 20 teams. In 1981–91 it had 20...

    .

    The club was formed out of the 1985 merger of FC Paderborn and TuS Schloß Neuhaus as TuS Paderborn-Neuhaus and took on its current, shorter name in 1997. The Neuhaus club was founded in 1907 as SV 07 Neuhaus which was joined by the local side TuS 1910 Sennelager to become TuS Schloss Neuhaus in 1970. The Neuhaus and Paderborn teams played as tier III sides for most of their histories, as has the unified club. Today Paderborn plays its home matches at the Energie Team Arena.

    Homepage:SC Paderborn 07 Homepage

    Culture

    The town supports the Nordwestdeutsche Philharmonie
    Nordwestdeutsche Philharmonie
    The Nordwestdeutsche Philharmonie is a German symphony orchestra based in Herford. It was founded in 1950 and, along with Philharmonie Südwestfalen and Landesjugendorchester NRW, is one of the 'official' orchestras of the state of North Rhine-Westphalia...

     for regular symphony concerts in the Paderhalle.

    Transportation

    Paderborn is located at the Autobahn A 33
    Bundesautobahn 33
    is an autobahn in Germany which connects the Bundesautobahn 30 in the north and the A 44 in the south.- History :The history of the A 33 began in the 1960s as the B 68...

    , which connects Paderborn to the Autobahn A 2 in the north and the Autobahn A 44
    Bundesautobahn 44
    is a German Autobahn. It consists of three main-parts and a few smaller parts. It begins in Aachen at the German-Belgian border and ends near Kassel. Before the German unification it was an unimportant provincial-motorway but after this event it became an integral part of the German highway-system...

     in the south.

    The main station
    Paderborn Hauptbahnhof
    is the main passenger station in the city of Paderborn in the German state of North Rhine-Westphalia. It is located on the Hamm–Warburg line, part of the Mid-Germany Connection from Cologne or Düsseldorf to Thuringia and Saxony...

     is a regular stop for the InterCity
    InterCity
    InterCity is the classification applied to certain long-distance passenger train services in Europe...

     on the Hamm–Warburg line and several local trains. Train connections can be found here.

    The Paderborn Lippstadt Airport
    Paderborn Lippstadt Airport
    -Facilities:The terminal offers several facilities for travelers. There are mainly travel agencies in the airport. A Restaurant is available, too. There are also shops and car rentals at the airport....

    connects Paderborn to the bigger German airports and offers flights to many locations in Europe. There is a bus shuttle between the airport and the Paderborn main train station. General Aviation and gliders are based at Paderborn-Haxterberg (site of the world gliding championships in 1981).

    In Paderborn there is a bus system served by the PaderSprinter for local buses and the Bahnbus Hochstift (bbh) for regional buses.

    External links

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