Palace under the Four Winds
Encyclopedia
The Palace of the Four Winds , also known as the Tepper Palace, is a baroque
palace in Warsaw
located at ulica Długa (Long Street) 38/40.
The palace was built about 1680, probably to Tylman van Gameren
's design, for the high official and royal secretary Stanisław Kleinpolt. The palace was subsequently sold in 1685 to Jan Dobrogost Krasiński
, in 1698 to Andrzej Chryzostom Załuski, and in the early 18th century to Bishop of Płock, Andrzej Stanisław Kostka Załuski.
From the 1730s the proprietor was Franciszek Maksymilian Ossoliński, and later Michał Kazimierz ("Rybeńko") Radziwiłł, who reconstructed the palace in the rococo
style, probably to a design by Johann Sigmund Deybel. The magnificent sculptures of the Four Winds (Notus
, Boreas, Zephyrus and Eurus) atop the fence posts date from that period. The artist is unknown, but probably also participated in decorating the Saxon Garden
.
In 1769–71 the palace was rebuilt by Szymon Bogumił Zug for Piotr Tepper. The right wing was widened, and a new annex was erected adjacent to ulica Długa, with an early-classicist front elevation.
In 1801 the palace was purchased at auction
by Karol Fryderyk Dückert. Until 1891 it belonged to his heirs. In 1808–1914 it served as an elegant hotel, the Hôtel de Dresde (Dresden
Hotel). After World War I
the palace fell into decline, becoming a tenement house.
In 1927 it was purchased by the Polish Treasury, restored, and made the seat of the Ministry of Labor and Social Welfare. In 1944 the palace was deliberately burned by the Germans
after they had suppressed the Warsaw Uprising
. In 1951 it was rebuilt and now houses the Polish offices of the World Health Organization
.
Baroque
The Baroque is a period and the style that used exaggerated motion and clear, easily interpreted detail to produce drama, tension, exuberance, and grandeur in sculpture, painting, literature, dance, and music...
palace in Warsaw
Warsaw
Warsaw is the capital and largest city of Poland. It is located on the Vistula River, roughly from the Baltic Sea and from the Carpathian Mountains. Its population in 2010 was estimated at 1,716,855 residents with a greater metropolitan area of 2,631,902 residents, making Warsaw the 10th most...
located at ulica Długa (Long Street) 38/40.
History
Tylman van Gameren
Tylman van Gameren was a Dutch-born Polish architect and engineer who, at the age of 28, settled in Poland and worked for Queen Maria Kazimiera, wife of Poland's King Jan III Sobieski...
's design, for the high official and royal secretary Stanisław Kleinpolt. The palace was subsequently sold in 1685 to Jan Dobrogost Krasiński
Jan Dobrogost Krasinski
Jan Dobrogost Bonawentura Krasiński was a Polish nobleman .Jan became a Royal Colonel in 1665, and became Recorder of the Crown and voivode of Płock Voivodeship in 1688. He was also starost of Łomża, Warsaw, Nowe Miasto Korczyn, Przasnysz, Sztum, and Opinogóra Górna....
, in 1698 to Andrzej Chryzostom Załuski, and in the early 18th century to Bishop of Płock, Andrzej Stanisław Kostka Załuski.
From the 1730s the proprietor was Franciszek Maksymilian Ossoliński, and later Michał Kazimierz ("Rybeńko") Radziwiłł, who reconstructed the palace in the rococo
Rococo
Rococo , also referred to as "Late Baroque", is an 18th-century style which developed as Baroque artists gave up their symmetry and became increasingly ornate, florid, and playful...
style, probably to a design by Johann Sigmund Deybel. The magnificent sculptures of the Four Winds (Notus
Notus
Notus may refer to:*Notus - the south wind in Greek mythology .*Notus, Idaho - a town in the United States....
, Boreas, Zephyrus and Eurus) atop the fence posts date from that period. The artist is unknown, but probably also participated in decorating the Saxon Garden
Saxon Garden
The Saxon Garden is a 15.5–hectare public garden in downtown Warsaw, Poland, facing Piłsudski Square. It is the oldest public park in the city...
.
In 1769–71 the palace was rebuilt by Szymon Bogumił Zug for Piotr Tepper. The right wing was widened, and a new annex was erected adjacent to ulica Długa, with an early-classicist front elevation.
In 1801 the palace was purchased at auction
Auction
An auction is a process of buying and selling goods or services by offering them up for bid, taking bids, and then selling the item to the highest bidder...
by Karol Fryderyk Dückert. Until 1891 it belonged to his heirs. In 1808–1914 it served as an elegant hotel, the Hôtel de Dresde (Dresden
Dresden
Dresden is the capital city of the Free State of Saxony in Germany. It is situated in a valley on the River Elbe, near the Czech border. The Dresden conurbation is part of the Saxon Triangle metropolitan area....
Hotel). After World War I
World War I
World War I , which was predominantly called the World War or the Great War from its occurrence until 1939, and the First World War or World War I thereafter, was a major war centred in Europe that began on 28 July 1914 and lasted until 11 November 1918...
the palace fell into decline, becoming a tenement house.
In 1927 it was purchased by the Polish Treasury, restored, and made the seat of the Ministry of Labor and Social Welfare. In 1944 the palace was deliberately burned by the Germans
Planned destruction of Warsaw
The planned destruction of Warsaw refers to the largely realised plans by Nazi Germany to completely raze the city. The plan was put into full motion after the Warsaw Uprising in 1944...
after they had suppressed the Warsaw Uprising
Warsaw Uprising
The Warsaw Uprising was a major World War II operation by the Polish resistance Home Army , to liberate Warsaw from Nazi Germany. The rebellion was timed to coincide with the Soviet Union's Red Army approaching the eastern suburbs of the city and the retreat of German forces...
. In 1951 it was rebuilt and now houses the Polish offices of the World Health Organization
World Health Organization
The World Health Organization is a specialized agency of the United Nations that acts as a coordinating authority on international public health. Established on 7 April 1948, with headquarters in Geneva, Switzerland, the agency inherited the mandate and resources of its predecessor, the Health...
.