Palmetum of Santa Cruz de Tenerife
Encyclopedia
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Arecaceae
Arecaceae or Palmae , are a family of flowering plants, the only family in the monocot order Arecales. There are roughly 202 currently known genera with around 2600 species, most of which are restricted to tropical, subtropical, and warm temperate climates...
) . It is located in Santa Cruz de Tenerife
Santa Cruz de Tenerife
Santa Cruz de Tenerife is the capital , second-most populous city of the Autonomous Community of the Canary Islands and the 21st largest city in Spain, with a population of 222,417 in 2009...
, Canary Islands
Canary Islands
The Canary Islands , also known as the Canaries , is a Spanish archipelago located just off the northwest coast of mainland Africa, 100 km west of the border between Morocco and the Western Sahara. The Canaries are a Spanish autonomous community and an outermost region of the European Union...
, Spain
Spain
Spain , officially the Kingdom of Spain languages]] under the European Charter for Regional or Minority Languages. In each of these, Spain's official name is as follows:;;;;;;), is a country and member state of the European Union located in southwestern Europe on the Iberian Peninsula...
. The park is divided in "biogeographical sections" and includes a large system of waterfalls, streams and ponds, an ethnographical museum dedicated to palms, and a display shade house. The project was started in 1995 with funding from the European Union and the city of Santa Cruz and it was paralysed for lack of funding in the 2000 and never opened to the public. A large, valuable palm collection above 400 species is still maintained and improved while it waits for further developments. It is the theme park with the largest collection of palm trees in Europe
Europe
Europe is, by convention, one of the world's seven continents. Comprising the westernmost peninsula of Eurasia, Europe is generally 'divided' from Asia to its east by the watershed divides of the Ural and Caucasus Mountains, the Ural River, the Caspian and Black Seas, and the waterways connecting...
.
Location
28°27′07"N 16°15′21"W The Palmetum is located in Santa Cruz de TenerifeSanta Cruz de Tenerife
Santa Cruz de Tenerife is the capital , second-most populous city of the Autonomous Community of the Canary Islands and the 21st largest city in Spain, with a population of 222,417 in 2009...
, capital city of the Western Canary Islands
Canary Islands
The Canary Islands , also known as the Canaries , is a Spanish archipelago located just off the northwest coast of mainland Africa, 100 km west of the border between Morocco and the Western Sahara. The Canaries are a Spanish autonomous community and an outermost region of the European Union...
, in the district of Cabo Llanos, in the coastal area named Parque Marítimo César Manrique
César Manrique
César Manrique was an artist and an architect.-Biography:Manrique grew up in the area of San Ginés lagoon. At age 23, he participated in his first exhibition in Arrecife. He attended the University of La Laguna. In 1945, Manrique attended the art school San Fernando in Madrid for five years...
. It is a hill known as El Lazareto, a former landfill of the city, overlooking the ocean. Average annual temperature is 21º C and the absolute minimum temperature registered 13º C.
History
The old landfill was shut in 1983. The creation of the garden was started with funding from the European UnionEuropean Union
The European Union is an economic and political union of 27 independent member states which are located primarily in Europe. The EU traces its origins from the European Coal and Steel Community and the European Economic Community , formed by six countries in 1958...
and the City of Santa Cruz de Tenerife
Santa Cruz de Tenerife
Santa Cruz de Tenerife is the capital , second-most populous city of the Autonomous Community of the Canary Islands and the 21st largest city in Spain, with a population of 222,417 in 2009...
. The project was started in 1995, under the botanical direction of the Agronomist Manuel Caballero Ruano and the biologist Carlo Morici
Carlo Morici
Carlo Morici , lives since 1995 in Santa Cruz de Tenerife, Canary Islands He is a biologist specialized in Palms also known for his landscaping projects....
. The landscape designer Carlos Simón directed the construction of various lakes and waterfalls and the plantation of the earliest gardens in 1996-1999. The development of the project was suddenly paralysed in 2000 for lack of funding. Since then it was kept with basic maintenance until 2006. During 2007 and 2008 some major works were performed in the park in order to push it further. The whole watering system was replaced and the unfinished southern slopes were landscaped and planted. Living collections have been improved and ordered. New geographical sections have been started for Borneo and Philippines and New Guinea. The garden is still not open to the public. It can be visited by appointment only through the City of Santa Cruz de Tenerife
Santa Cruz de Tenerife
Santa Cruz de Tenerife is the capital , second-most populous city of the Autonomous Community of the Canary Islands and the 21st largest city in Spain, with a population of 222,417 in 2009...
. A public foundation named Fundación Canaria del Jardín Botánico del Palmetum de Santa Cruz is expected to manage the garden in the future.
Buildings and Facilities
- The octagon, El Octógono, is a half-sunken shade house of 2.300 m2, designed to host the most delicate species. It contains a dense groove of tropical species crossed by winding paths, streams, bridges, and waterfalls.
- The Ethnographical Palm Museum is a subterranean structure, covered with vegetation. The main entrance is designed to look like a "forest". It will host the existing collection of palm-related objects, the herbariumHerbariumIn botany, a herbarium – sometimes known by the Anglicized term herbar – is a collection of preserved plant specimens. These specimens may be whole plants or plant parts: these will usually be in a dried form, mounted on a sheet, but depending upon the material may also be kept in...
, lecture rooms and class rooms.
Living collections
As of 2008 the gardens contained a total of 1200 taxa (estimation), 960 recorded accessions and about 3100 plants (estimation). 72 of the represented taxa are included in the IUCN red list, 14 of them are critically endangeredCritically endangered
Version 2010.3 of the IUCN Red List of Threatened Species identified 3744 Critically Endangered species, subspecies and varieties, stocks and subpopulations.Critically Endangered by kingdom:*1993 Animalia*2 Fungi*1745 Plantae*4 Protista-References:...
.
- Most represented Families: ArecaceaeArecaceaeArecaceae or Palmae , are a family of flowering plants, the only family in the monocot order Arecales. There are roughly 202 currently known genera with around 2600 species, most of which are restricted to tropical, subtropical, and warm temperate climates...
: (404 taxa), BromeliaceaeBromeliaceaeBromeliaceae is a family of monocot flowering plants of around 3,170 species native mainly to the tropical Americas, with a few species found in the American subtropics and one in tropical west Africa, Pitcairnia feliciana...
(89), Cactaceae (31), AgavaceaeAgavaceaeAgavoideae is a subfamily of monocot flowering plants in the family Asparagaceae, order Asparagales. It has previously been treated as a separate family, Agavaceae. The group includes many well-known desert and dry zone types such as the agave, yucca, and Joshua tree...
(26), MoraceaeMoraceaeMoraceae — often called the mulberry family or fig family — are a family of flowering plants comprising about 40 genera and over 1000 species. Most are widespread in tropical and subtropical regions, less so in temperate climates...
(27), PandanaceaePandanaceaePandanaceae is a family of flowering plants native to the tropics of the Old World. Such a family has been widely recognized by taxonomists.Pandanaceae are trees or climbing or scrambling shrubs distributed in the Old World tropics and are adapted from sea level in salted beaches to mountain cloud...
(10), Mimosaceae (14), ZamiaceaeZamiaceaeThe Zamiaceae are a family of cycads that are superficially palm or fern-like. They are divided into two subfamilies with eight genera and about 150 species in the tropical and warm temperate regions of Africa, Australia and North and South America....
(12) - Most represented genera of palms (ArecaceaeArecaceaeArecaceae or Palmae , are a family of flowering plants, the only family in the monocot order Arecales. There are roughly 202 currently known genera with around 2600 species, most of which are restricted to tropical, subtropical, and warm temperate climates...
): CoccothrinaxCoccothrinaxCoccothrinax is a genus of palms in the Arecaceae family. There are more than 50 species described in the genus, plus many synonyms and sub-species. A new species has been described as recently as 2006. Many of the Coccothrinax have silver or thatch, or both, in their English common names...
(43 taxa), DypsisDypsisDypsis is a genus of flowering plant in the Arecaceae family.Species include:* Dypsis ambanjae* Dypsis ambositrae* Dypsis ampasindavae* Dypsis andrianatonga* Dypsis ankirindro* Dypsis antanambensis* Dypsis arenarum...
(21), ChamaedoreaChamaedoreaChamaedorea is a genus of 107 species of palms, native to subtropical and tropical regions of the Americas.. The name is derived from the Greek words χαμαί , meaning "on the ground," and δωρεά , meaning "gift." It refers to the easily reached fruits or the plants' low-growing nature.Chamaedorea...
(18), LivistonaLivistonaLivistona is a genus of 36 species of palms , native to southern and southeastern Asia, Australasia, and the Horn of Africa...
(14), PritchardiaPritchardiaThe genus Pritchardia consists of between 24-40 species of fan palms found on tropical Pacific Ocean islands in Fiji, Samoa, Tonga, Tuamotus, and Hawaii. The generic name honours William Thomas Pritchard , a British consul at Fiji.-Description:These palms vary in height, ranging from...
(12), SyagrusSyagrusSyagrus is a genus of 30 to 42 species of Arecaceae , native to South America, with one species endemic to the Lesser Antilles. The genus is closely related to the Cocos, or coconut genus, and many Syagrus species produce edible seeds similar to the coconut.-Description:Palms in this group have...
(12), CoperniciaCoperniciaCopernicia is a genus of 24 species of palms, native to South America and the Caribbean. They are fan palms , with the leaves with a bare petiole terminating in a rounded fan of numerous leaflets...
(11), ArengaArengaArenga is a genus of 24 species of palms, native to tropical regions of southern and southeastern Asia. They are small to medium-sized palms, growing to 2-20 m tall, with pinnate leaves 2-12 m long.Species*Arenga australasica*Arenga brevipes...
(10).
The collection focuses on palms from islands and the section dedicated to the Caribbean is the largest. The collection of the Caribbean palm genera Thrinax
Thrinax
Thrinax is a genus in the palm family, native to the wider Caribbean. It is closely related to the genera Coccothrinax, Hemithrinax and Zombia. Flowers are small and bisexual, and are borne on small stalks....
, Coccothrinax
Coccothrinax
Coccothrinax is a genus of palms in the Arecaceae family. There are more than 50 species described in the genus, plus many synonyms and sub-species. A new species has been described as recently as 2006. Many of the Coccothrinax have silver or thatch, or both, in their English common names...
and Hemithrinax
Hemithrinax
Hemithrinax is a genus of palms which is endemic to eastern Cuba....
are among the most complete in the world, as it proceeds from numerous expeditions to the wild habitats and collaborations with botanical gardens in the Caribbean
Caribbean
The Caribbean is a crescent-shaped group of islands more than 2,000 miles long separating the Gulf of Mexico and the Caribbean Sea, to the west and south, from the Atlantic Ocean, to the east and north...
, especially with the Montgomery Botanical Center
Montgomery Botanical Center
The Montgomery Botanical Center , originally known as the Montgomery Foundation, is a nonprofit botanical garden and institution located at 11901 Old Cutler Road, Coral Gables, Florida. It collects seeds from wild plant populations worldwide, with an emphasis on palms and cycads...
in Miami, the Jardín Botánico Nacional de Santo Domingo and the Jardín Botánico Nacional de Cuba.
Some taxa are grown in sufficient number to allow ex situ seed production of IUCN species. An outstanding case is Coccothrinax borhidiana
Coccothrinax borhidiana
Coccothrinax borhidiana is a palm which is endemic to Matanzas Province in Cuba. Like other members of the genus, C. borhidiana is a fan palm....
O. Muñiz, which is a slow and Critically Endangered species according to IUCN and is represented in the botanic gardens by 17 specimens germinated in 1996, now fruiting in the Caribbean section.
Biogeographical Sections
The surface of the hill is divided in "biogeographical sections", in order to host the palm flora from different areas of the world. They are variable in size between 1.000 and 20.000 m2. Some sections are landscaped with hills, streams, ponds or waterfalls. Sections are listed below with some of the most remarkable species represented.- Biogeographical Section of the Caribbean Islands. It is the largest of all. A large waterfall built with local rock pours water into a pond surrounded by fair sand and coconut palms. There is one of the most complete collections of the genus CoccothrinaxCoccothrinaxCoccothrinax is a genus of palms in the Arecaceae family. There are more than 50 species described in the genus, plus many synonyms and sub-species. A new species has been described as recently as 2006. Many of the Coccothrinax have silver or thatch, or both, in their English common names...
. There are adult specimens of AcrocomiaAcrocomiaAcrocomia aculeata is a species of palm native to tropical regions of the Americas, from southern Mexico and the Caribbean south to Paraguay and northern Argentina. Common names include Grugru Palm, Macaúba Palm, Coyol Palm, and Macaw Palm; synonyms include A. lasiospatha, A. sclerocarpa, A. totai,...
, different species of CoperniciaCoperniciaCopernicia is a genus of 24 species of palms, native to South America and the Caribbean. They are fan palms , with the leaves with a bare petiole terminating in a rounded fan of numerous leaflets...
, such as Copernicia ekmaniiCopernicia ekmaniiCopernicia ekmanii is a palm which is endemic to northern Haiti....
y Copernicia baileyanaCopernicia baileyanaCopernicia baileyana is a palm which is endemic to eastern and central Cuba. Like other members of this genus, C. baileyana is a fan palm. Trees are 10 to 20 metres tall with stems 40 centimetres in diameter and are sometimes swollen...
. Some other palms are Syagrus amara, Pseudophoenix sargentiiPseudophoenix sargentiiPseudophoenix sargentii is a medium-sized palm found in the northern Caribbean, south to Dominica and adjacent parts of the mainland -Description:Pseudophoenix sargentii is usually near the sea...
, Sabal palmettoSabal palmettoSabal palmetto, also known as cabbage palm, palmetto, cabbage palmetto, palmetto palm, blue palmetto, Carolina palmetto, common palmetto, swamp cabbage and sabal palm, is one of 15 species of palmetto palm . It is native to the southeastern United States, Cuba, and the Bahamas...
, Acoelorraphe wrightii, Zombia antillarum, , different species of royal palms (RoystoneaRoystoneaRoystonea is a genus of eleven species of monoecious palms, native to the Caribbean Islands, and the adjacent coasts of Florida, Central and South America. Commonly known as the royal palms, the genus was named for Roy Stone, a U.S. Army engineer...
), Gaussia and HemithrinaxHemithrinaxHemithrinax is a genus of palms which is endemic to eastern Cuba....
.
- Biogeographical Section of South America. Some of the palms planted in this area are: Syagrus botryophoraSyagrus botryophoraSyagrus botryophora is a species of flowering plant in the Arecaceae family.It is found only in Brazil.It is threatened by habitat loss.-References:* Noblick, L. 1998. . Downloaded on 20 July 2007....
, Syagrus vermicularis, Syagrus sancona, Allagoptera caudescens, Mauritiella armata, Ceroxylon alpinumCeroxylon alpinumCeroxylon alpinum is a species of flowering plant in the Arecaceae family.It is found in Colombia, Ecuador, and Venezuela.It is threatened by habitat loss.-Source:* Bernal, R. 1998. . Downloaded on 20 July 2007....
, three species of TrithrinaxTrithrinaxTrithrinax is a genus of few flowering plants in the Arecaceae family, that belong to the Coryphoideae subfamily, a not very evolved lineage. The name is derived of ancient greek, where tri means three, and thrinax trident...
, various ButiaButiaButia,also known as a Pindo Palm is a genus of palms in the family Arecaceae, native to South America in Brazil, Paraguay, Uruguay and Argentina...
, and AttaleaAttalea (genus)Attalea is a large genus of palms native to Mexico, the Caribbean, Central and South America. This pinnately leaved, non-spiny genus includes both small palms lacking an aboveground stem and large trees. The genus has a complicated taxonomic history, and has often been split into four or five...
.
- Biogeographical Section of New Caledonia, with Kentiopsis oliviformisKentiopsis oliviformisKentiopsis oliviformis is a species of flowering plant in the Arecaceae family.It is found only in New Caledonia.-References:* Jaffré, T. et al. 1998. . Downloaded on 20 July 2007....
, Chambeyronia macrocarpaChambeyronia macrocarpaChambeyronia macrocarpa is a palm tree commonly known as the red leaf palm....
, BurretiokentiaBurretiokentiaBurretiokentia is a genus of New Caledonian palms containing five species:* Burretiokentia dumasii* Burretiokentia grandiflora* Burretiokentia hapala* Burretiokentia koghiensis* Burretiokentia vieillardii- References :...
, various AraucariaAraucariaAraucaria is a genus of evergreen coniferous trees in the family Araucariaceae. There are 19 extant species in the genus, with a highly disjunct distribution in New Caledonia , Norfolk Island, eastern Australia, New Guinea, Argentina, Chile, and southern Brazil.-Description:Araucaria are mainly...
trees and other plants endemics to New CaledoniaNew CaledoniaNew Caledonia is a special collectivity of France located in the southwest Pacific Ocean, east of Australia and about from Metropolitan France. The archipelago, part of the Melanesia subregion, includes the main island of Grande Terre, the Loyalty Islands, the Belep archipelago, the Isle of...
.
- Biogeographical Section of Hawaii, with various species of the genus PritchardiaPritchardiaThe genus Pritchardia consists of between 24-40 species of fan palms found on tropical Pacific Ocean islands in Fiji, Samoa, Tonga, Tuamotus, and Hawaii. The generic name honours William Thomas Pritchard , a British consul at Fiji.-Description:These palms vary in height, ranging from...
, such as Pritchardia minorPritchardia minorPritchardia minor, the Alakai Swamp Pritchardia or Loulu, is a palm native to Hawaii. It grows in wet forests in the centre of Kauai at an elevation of about .-Description:...
, Pritchardia munroiPritchardia munroiPritchardia munroi, the Kamalo Pritchardia, is a species of fan palm that is endemic to Hawaii in the United States. It is found in dry forests on the eastern side of the island of Molokai. The specific epithet, refers to James Monro, the manager of the Molokai Ranch at the time of its discovery...
and Pritchardia hillebrandii. Other trees native to the Hawaiian islandsHawaiian IslandsThe Hawaiian Islands are an archipelago of eight major islands, several atolls, numerous smaller islets, and undersea seamounts in the North Pacific Ocean, extending some 1,500 miles from the island of Hawaii in the south to northernmost Kure Atoll...
grow in this section, like Acacia koa, Erythrina sandwicensis, and Hibiscus arnottianus var. immaculatus,
- Biogeographical Section of Australia. The genera represented are PtychospermaPtychospermaPtychosperma is a genus of flowering plant in the Arecaceae family. Most are native to Australia and/or New Guinea, but some have been cultivated abroad as house or garden plants.It contains the following species:*Ptychosperma burretianum...
, LivistonaLivistonaLivistona is a genus of 36 species of palms , native to southern and southeastern Asia, Australasia, and the Horn of Africa...
, ArchontophoenixArchontophoenixArchontophoenix is a plant genus comprising six palm species that are native to New South Wales and Queensland in eastern Australia. They are tall, slender and unbranched.Species include:...
, CoryphaCoryphaCorypha is a genus of six or seven species of palms , native to India, Malaysia, Indonesia, the Philippines, New Guinea, and northeastern Australia...
, CarpentariaCarpentariaCarpentaria acuminata , the sole species in the genus Carpentaria, is a palm native to tropical coastal regions in the north of Northern Territory, Australia....
, Normambya, WodyetiaWodyetiaThe Foxtail Palm is a species of flowering plant in the Arecaceae familyThe Palm and Cycads Societies of Australia describes this Palm as follows:...
.
- Biogeographical Section of Indochina, with Arenga porphyrocarpa, Areca triandraAreca triandraAreca triandra is a palm native to India and Malaysia which is often used as ornamental plant.-Distribution:Tropical and subtropical Asia .-Description:...
, Corypha umbraculifera, ChuniophoenixChuniophoenixChuniophoenix is a genus of palm tree. It contains two species, including Chuniophoenix hainanensis.-Further reading:* in the Flora of China...
, RhapisRhapisRhapis is a genus of about 10 species of small palms native to southeastern Asia from southern Japan and southern China south to Thailand. The species are commonly known as Lady Palms....
, Arenga engleri, Arenga pinnataArenga pinnataArenga pinnata is an economically important feather palm native to tropical Asia, from eastern India east to Malaysia, Indonesia, and the Philippines in the east...
, Wallichia disticha, Livistona saribusLivistona saribusLivistona saribus, commonly known as taraw palm, is a species of palm tree from Thailand in the Livistona genus. It produces blue fruits, and is cold hardy to twenty-four degrees....
, Livistona rotundifoliaLivistona rotundifoliaLivistona rotundifolia is a round-leaf fountain palm found in Southeast Asia. It is a member of the genus Livistona. It is also called Footstool palm and Anáhaw . It is the unofficial national leaf of the Philippines....
and Licuala spinosaLicuala spinosaLicuala spinosa, the Mangrove Fan Palm, is a species of palm in the genus Licuala.-Cultivation:It is grown as an ornamental plant in subtropical climates, such as in California....
, among others.
- Biogeographical Section of the Mascarene Islands, planted with species of the genera HyophorbeHyophorbeHyophorbe is a genus of about five species of flowering plants in the Arecaceae family, native to the Mascarene Islands.It contains the following species:* Hyophorbe amaricaulis* Hyophorbe indica...
, LataniaLataniaLatania commonly known as Latan palm is a genus of flowering plant in the Arecaceae family.It contains the following species:* Latania loddigesii * Latania lontaroides...
and DictyospermaDictyospermaDictyosperma is a monotypic genus of flowering plant in the palm family found in the Mascarene Islands. The sole species, Dictyosperma album, is widely cultivated in the tropics but has been farmed to near extinction in its native habitat...
.
- Biogeographical Section of Africa, with Raphia australisRaphia australisThe Giant Palm or Rafia is a species of raffia palm in the Arecaceae family.It is found in Mozambique and South Africa.It is threatened by habitat loss.-Sources:...
, Borassus aethiopum, Jubaeopsis caffra, Elaeis guineensis, HyphaeneHyphaeneHyphaene is a genus of eight species of palms which includes the Doum palm . They are unusual among palms in having regular naturally branched trunks; most other palms are single-stemmed from the ground.-References:*...
.
- Biogeographical Section of Madagascar. This section includes a lawn with a large group of Bismarckia nobilis and Dypsis cabadae. Many palms are scattered around a large lake, such as BeccariophoenixBeccariophoenixBeccariophoenix is a genus of 3 species of Arecaceae , native to Madagascar. The genus is closely related to the Cocos, or coconut genus, and Beccariophoenix species, notably Beccariophoenix alfredii are very similar in appearance to the coconut palm, although they are somewhat cold hardy, making...
, Ravenea glaucaRavenea glaucaRavenea glauca is a species of flowering plant in the Arecaceae family.It is found only in Madagascar.It is threatened by habitat loss.-Source:* Dransfield, J. & Beentje, H.J. 1998. . Downloaded on 20 July 2007....
, Ravenea rivularisRavenea rivularisRavenea rivularis is a species of flowering plant in the Arecaceae family.It is found only in Madagascar.The extremely elegant, fast-growing majesty palm has upward-arching leaves that are divided into long, thin fingers. It makes a fine conservatory feature plant, but make sure the roof is high...
and many species in the genus DypsisDypsisDypsis is a genus of flowering plant in the Arecaceae family.Species include:* Dypsis ambanjae* Dypsis ambositrae* Dypsis ampasindavae* Dypsis andrianatonga* Dypsis ankirindro* Dypsis antanambensis* Dypsis arenarum...
. A Malgasy Baobab, Adansonia madagascariensisAdansonia madagascariensisAdansonia madagascariensis is one of six species of baobab endemic to Madagascar, where it occurs in the Madagascar dry deciduous forests....
, grows by the lake, and other endemic trees have been planted in the area.
- Biogeographical Section of Central America. Remarkable palms are: Attalea cohuneAttalea cohuneAttalea cohune, commonly known as the cohune palm , is a species of palm tree native to Mexico and Central America....
, Sabal mauritiiformisSabal mauritiiformisSabal mauritiiformis is a species of palm which is ranges from Mexico to Venezuela and Trinidad.-Description:Sabal mauritiiformis is a fan palm with solitary, slender stems, which is usually tall and in diameter. Plants have about 10–25 leaves, each with 90–150 leaflets...
, Sabal mexicanaSabal mexicanaSabal mexicana is a species of palm tree that is native to North America. Common names include Mexican Palmetto, Texas Palmetto, Texas Sabal Palm, Rio Grande Palmetto, and Palma de Mícharos. The specific epithet, "mexicana", is Latin for "of Mexico." It is closely related to S...
, Sabal yapaSabal yapaSabal yapa is a species of palm. It grows in Belize, on the Yucatan Peninsula and in western Cuba, preferring limestone-based calcareous soils. It is often described as a palmetto palm as it has costapalmate fronds, which are like a transition phase between fan palms and feather-leaved palms....
, Gaussia mayaGaussia mayaGaussia maya is a palm which is native to Mexico, Belize and Guatemala. The species grows in rocky areas on limestone soils. The species is classified as vulnerable, and is threatened by habitat destruction and degradation....
, many Acoelorraphe wrightii and some species in the genus BraheaBraheaBrahea is a genus of palms in the Arecaceae family. They are commonly referred to as Hesper Palms and are endemic to Mexico and Central America...
and ChamaedoreaChamaedoreaChamaedorea is a genus of 107 species of palms, native to subtropical and tropical regions of the Americas.. The name is derived from the Greek words χαμαί , meaning "on the ground," and δωρεά , meaning "gift." It refers to the easily reached fruits or the plants' low-growing nature.Chamaedorea...
.
- Biogeographical Section of New Guinea. This area was started in 2007 in a formerly barren area surrounding a large pond. It now has young specimens of Cocos nucifera, LivistonaLivistonaLivistona is a genus of 36 species of palms , native to southern and southeastern Asia, Australasia, and the Horn of Africa...
, PtychospermaPtychospermaPtychosperma is a genus of flowering plant in the Arecaceae family. Most are native to Australia and/or New Guinea, but some have been cultivated abroad as house or garden plants.It contains the following species:*Ptychosperma burretianum...
, RhopaloblasteRhopaloblasteRhopaloblaste is a genus of flowering plant in the Arecaceae family.It contains the following species:* Rhopaloblaste augusta* Rhopaloblaste elegans* Rhopaloblaste singaporensis...
, SalaccaSalaccaSalacca is a genus of 20 species of palms native to Indonesia. They are very short-stemmed palms, with leaves up to 6–8 m long. The leaves have a spiny petiole; in most species they are pinnate with numerous leaflets, but some species, notably S...
, ArecaArecaAreca is a genus of about 50 species of single-stemmed palms in the family Arecaceae, found in humid tropical forests from Malaysia to the Solomon Islands. The generic name Areca is derived from a name used locally on the Malabar Coast of India....
and many dicotiledonous trees planted to provide shade.
- Biogeographical Section of Borneo and Philippines. A new area planted in 2007-2008, with young specimens of Cocos nucifera, Arenga pinnataArenga pinnataArenga pinnata is an economically important feather palm native to tropical Asia, from eastern India east to Malaysia, Indonesia, and the Philippines in the east...
, Adonidia merrillii, HeterospatheHeterospatheHeterospathe is a monoecious genus of flowering plant in the palm family found in Oceania where it is called sagisi palm. Among members of the Iguanurinae it is described as relatively unspecialized...
and many dicotiledonous trees.
- Biogeographical Section of "Termophilous woodland of the Canary Islands". This is the large North-facing valley of the hill, planted with the local flora native to the Canary Islands. There are many Canary Islands Date Palms, Phoenix canariensis and other native species such as dragon trees (Dracaena dracoDracaena dracoDracaena draco, the Canary Islands Dragon Tree or Drago isa subtropical Dragon Tree native to the Canary Islands, Cape Verde, Madeira, and locally in western Morocco, and introduced to the Azores...
), Pancratium canariensis and Apollonias barbujana.