Parashah - AbsoluteAstronomy.com

A parashah (Hebrew: פָּרָשָׁה "portion," plural: parashot or parashiyyot) formally means a section of a biblical book in the Masoretic text

Masoretic Text

The Masoretic Text is the authoritative Hebrew text of the Jewish Bible and is regarded as Judaism's official version of the Tanakh. While the Masoretic Text defines the books of the Jewish canon, it also defines the precise letter-text of these biblical books, with their vocalization and...

of the Tanakh

Tanakh

The Tanakh is a name used in Judaism for the canon of the Hebrew Bible. The Tanakh is also known as the Masoretic Text or the Miqra. The name is an acronym formed from the initial Hebrew letters of the Masoretic Text's three traditional subdivisions: The Torah , Nevi'im and Ketuvim —hence...

(Hebrew Bible

Hebrew Bible

The Hebrew Bible is a term used by biblical scholars outside of Judaism to refer to the Tanakh , a canonical collection of Jewish texts, and the common textual antecedent of the several canonical editions of the Christian Old Testament...

). In the Masoretic text, parashah sections are designated by various types of spacing between them, as found in Torah scrolls, scrolls of the books of Nevi'im

Nevi'im

Nevi'im is the second of the three major sections in the Hebrew Bible, the Tanakh. It falls between the Torah and Ketuvim .Nevi'im is traditionally divided into two parts:...

or Ketuvim

Ketuvim

Ketuvim or Kəṯûḇîm in actual Biblical Hebrew is the third and final section of the Tanak , after Torah and Nevi'im . In English translations of the Hebrew Bible, this section is usually entitled "Writings" or "Hagiographa"...

(especially megillot), Masoretic codices from the Middle Ages and printed editions of the Masoretic text.

The division of the text into parashot for the biblical books is independent of chapter and verse numbers

Chapters and verses of the Bible

The Bible is a compilation of many shorter books written at different times and later assembled into the Biblical canon. All but the shortest of these books have been divided into chapters, generally a page or so in length, since the early 13th century. Since the mid-16th century, each chapter has...

, which are not part of the Masoretic tradition. Parashot are not numbered, but some have special titles.

The division of parashot found in the modern-day Torah scrolls of all Jewish communities (Ashkenazic, Sephardic, and Yemenite) is based upon the systematic list provided by Maimonides

Maimonides

Moses ben-Maimon, called Maimonides and also known as Mūsā ibn Maymūn in Arabic, or Rambam , was a preeminent medieval Jewish philosopher and one of the greatest Torah scholars and physicians of the Middle Ages...

in Mishneh Torah

Mishneh Torah

The Mishneh Torah subtitled Sefer Yad ha-Hazaka is a code of Jewish religious law authored by Maimonides , one of history's foremost rabbis...

, Laws of Tefillin, Mezuzah and Torah Scrolls, chapter 8. Maimonides based his division of the parashot for the Torah on the Aleppo Codex

Aleppo Codex

The Aleppo Codex is a medieval bound manuscript of the Hebrew Bible. The codex was written in the 10th century A.D.The codex has long been considered to be the most authoritative document in the masorah , the tradition by which the Hebrew Scriptures have been preserved from generation to generation...

. The division of parashot for the books of Nevi'im

Nevi'im

Nevi'im is the second of the three major sections in the Hebrew Bible, the Tanakh. It falls between the Torah and Ketuvim .Nevi'im is traditionally divided into two parts:...

and Ketuvim

Ketuvim

was never completely standardized in printed Hebrew bibles and handwritten scrolls, though important attempts were made to document it and create fixed rules.

Incorrect division of the text into parashot, either by indicating a parashah in the wrong place or by using the wrong spacing technique, halakhically invalidates a Torah scroll according to Maimonides.

Purpose of the section divisions

A parashah break creates a textual pause, roughly analogous to a modern paragraph

Paragraph

A paragraph is a self-contained unit of a discourse in writing dealing with a particular point or idea. A paragraph consists of one or more sentences. The start of a paragraph is indicated by beginning on a new line. Sometimes the first line is indented...

break. Such a pause usually has one of the following purposes:

In most cases, a new parashah begins where a new topic or a new thought is clearly indicated in the biblical text.
In many places, however, the parashah divisions are used even in places where it is clear that no new topic begins, in order to highlight a special verse by creating a textual pause before it or after it (or both).
A special example of #2 is for lists: The individual elements in many biblical lists are separated by parashah spacing of one type or another.

To decide exactly where a new topic or thought begins within a biblical text involves a degree of subjectivity on the part of the reader. This subjective element may help explain differences amongst the various masoretic codices in some details of the section divisions (though their degree of conformity is high). It may also sometimes explain why certain verses that might seem like introductions to a new topic lack a section division, or why such divisions appear in some places where no new topic is indicated.

For this reason, at times the parashah divisions may contribute to biblical exegesis

Exegesis

Exegesis is a critical explanation or interpretation of a text, especially a religious text. Traditionally the term was used primarily for exegesis of the Bible; however, in contemporary usage it has broadened to mean a critical explanation of any text, and the term "Biblical exegesis" is used...

History of the section divisions

Parashot appear in manuscripts as early as the Dead Sea Scrolls. The idea of spacing between portions is mentioned in midrashic literature, and the idea of "open" and "closed" portions is mentioned in the Talmud. Early masoretic lists detailing the Babylonian tradition include systematic and detailed discussion of exactly where portions begin and which type they are.

As a group, Tiberian masoretic codices share similar but not identical parashah divisions throughout the Bible. Unlike the Babylonian mesorah
Masoretic Text
The Masoretic Text is the authoritative Hebrew text of the Jewish Bible and is regarded as Judaism's official version of the Tanakh. While the Masoretic Text defines the books of the Jewish canon, it also defines the precise letter-text of these biblical books, with their vocalization and...

, however, Tiberian masoretic notes never mention the parashah divisions or attempt to systematize them. This is related to the fact that the Babylonian lists are independent compositions, while the Tiberian notes are in the margins of the biblical text itself, which shows the parashot in a highly visible way.

In the centuries following the Tiberian mesorah, there were ever-increasing efforts to document and standardize the details of the parashah divisions, especially for the Torah, and even for Nevi'im

Nevi'im

Nevi'im is the second of the three major sections in the Hebrew Bible, the Tanakh. It falls between the Torah and Ketuvim .Nevi'im is traditionally divided into two parts:...

and Ketuvim

Ketuvim

as time went on.

Spacing techniques

In most modern Torah scrolls and Jewish editions of the Bible, there are two types of parashot, an "open portion" (parashah petuhah) and a "closed portion" (parashah setumah). An "open portion" is roughly similar to a modern paragraph: The text of the previous portion ends before the end of the column (leaving a space at the end of the line), and the new "open" portion starts at the beginning of the next line (but with no indentation). A "closed portion", on the other hand, leaves a space in the middle of the line of text, where the previous portion ends before the space, and the next portion starts after it, towards the end of the line of text.

An "open portion" (petuhah) is often abbreviated with the Hebrew letter "פ" (peh), and a "closed portion" (setumah) with the Hebrew letter "ס" (samekh). Rough English equivalents are "P" and "S" respectively.

In masoretic codices and in medieval scrolls, these two spacing techniques allowed for a larger range of options:

An "open portion" always started at the beginning of a new line. This could happen the way described above, but also by leaving a blank line between the two portions, thus allowing the previous portion to sometimes entirely fill its last line of text.
A "closed portion" never began at the beginning of a line. This could happen as in modern scrolls (a space in the middle of a line), but also by the previous portion ending before the end of the line, and the new portion beginning on the next line after an indentation.

Most printed Hebrew bibles today represent the parashot using the more limited techniques found in typical modern Torah scrolls: A space in the middle of a line for a closed portion, and beginning at the start of the next line for an open portion (not a blank line). A notable exception is The Jerusalem Crown (The Bible of the Hebrew University of Jerusalem, 2000), whose typography and layout is fashioned after the Aleppo codex, and follows the medieval spacing techniques for parashah divisions by leaving an empty line for {P} and starts {S} on a new line with an indentation.

Medieval Ashkenazic sources beginning with the Mahzor Vitry also refer to a third spacing technique called a parashah sedurah. This involved starting a new parashah at the same point in the line where the previous parashah ended on the line above.

Validity of Scrolls

According to the ruling of Maimonides (Laws of Tefillin, Mezuzah and Torah Scrolls 10:1), any error regarding a parashah completely invalidates a Torah scroll. This includes a parashah in the wrong place, of the wrong type, or a missing parashah.

However, there is also a responsum by Maimonides in which he ruled that one may recite a blessing over reading from an invalid scroll, based on the reasoning that the commandment is in the reading itself, not in the text being read from.

Maimonides' strict ruling that any error in the parashot completely invalidates a Torah scroll led to a major halakhic debate that continues to this day. Among those who ruled against Maimonides' stricture in practice were his son, Rabbi Abraham

Avraham son of Rambam

Abraham ben Moses ben Maimon was the son of Maimonides who succeeded his father as Nagid of the Egyptian Jewish community....

, Rabbi Menachem ha-Meiri

Menachem Meiri

Rabbi Menachem Meiri was a famous Catalan rabbi, Talmudist and Maimonidean.-Early life:Menachem Meiri was born in 1249 in Perpignan, which then formed part of the County of Barcelona...

, Maharam Halava, Mahari Mintz, and Rabbi Ovadia Yosef

Ovadia Yosef

Ovadia Yosef is the former Sephardi Chief Rabbi of Israel, a recognised Talmudic scholar and foremost halakhic authority.He currently serves as the spiritual leader of the Shas political party in the Israeli parliament...

.

All of the above authorities rule that a scroll containing parashot based on alternative scribal traditions that disagree with Maimonides' list of parashot (Laws of Tefillin, Mezuzah and Torah Scrolls, chapter 8) is nevertheless a valid scroll. However, even according to the lenient opinion, a blatant error with no source in any scribal tradition invalidates a Torah scroll.

Rules and customs for public reading

One basic halakhic rule for public reading of the Torah is that no fewer than three verses at a time be read. As a corollary to this, there is a specific rule regarding parashot: One may not leave off reading less than three verses before the end of a parashah, nor may one end off reading by starting a new parashah but leaving off less than three verses from its beginning.

When a Torah portion is read in public from a scroll as part of the synagogue service, it is divided into smaller sections among several people (for instance, 3 short sections on weekdays or 7 on the Sabbath). The points at which the portion is subdivided often take the parashot into account, but there is no hard and fast rule for this.

The selections from Nevi'im

Nevi'im

Nevi'im is the second of the three major sections in the Hebrew Bible, the Tanakh. It falls between the Torah and Ketuvim .Nevi'im is traditionally divided into two parts:...

that are read as haftarot are based on custom. At times, some of these customs choose the exact beginning or end of a haftarah
Haftarah
The haftarah or haftoroh is a series of selections from the books of Nevi'im of the Hebrew Bible that is publicly read in synagogue as part of Jewish religious practice...

because it coincides with a parashah division.

Parashot in the Torah

Due to the influence of Maimonides

Maimonides

, parashah divisions in the Torah have become highly standardized, and there is close to exact agreement among Torah scrolls, printed Jewish bibles, and similar online texts. The following list thus presents the parashah divisions as found in (a) modern Torah scrolls

Sefer Torah

A Sefer Torah of Torah” or “Torah scroll”) is a handwritten copy of the Torah or Pentateuch, the holiest book within Judaism. It must meet extremely strict standards of production. The Torah scroll is mainly used in the ritual of Torah reading during Jewish services...

, (b) Maimonides

Maimonides

' Mishneh Torah

Mishneh Torah

The Mishneh Torah subtitled Sefer Yad ha-Hazaka is a code of Jewish religious law authored by Maimonides , one of history's foremost rabbis...

, and (c) the Aleppo Codex (based on several witnesses besides Maimonides to the parashot in its missing parts). Rare inconsistencies between these three sources are explained in footnotes.

The list is constructed as follows:

Only breaks between two sections are listed: Any open or closed parashah break, {P} or {S}, must always appear between two biblical sections. The symbols {P} and {S} always indicate the status of the following section. In Genesis, for instance, {S} 5:32-6:4 {P} indicates a closed section (setumah) because it begins with {S}. Therefore, no section break is indicated before the first portion of a biblical book, or after its last portion.
The five books of the Torah
Torah
Torah- A scroll containing the first five books of the BibleThe Torah , is name given by Jews to the first five books of the bible—Genesis , Exodus , Leviticus , Numbers and Deuteronomy Torah- A scroll containing the first five books of the BibleThe Torah , is name given by Jews to the first five...

have been broken down into their weekly Torah readings for convenience. The weekly Torah readings always begin at a parashah break, with the single exception of Vayechi (Genesis 47:28).
Special series of parashot used for special types of text (such as chronologies, lists, step-by-step sequences, repeating formulas) are indicated.
When a parashah ignores a chapter break, this is indicated for convenience by spelling out the exact verses from each chapter found in that parashah; for instance: {P} 32:4-33;33:1-17 {S}. This system allows for immediate calculation of the number verses in the parashah, and also facilitates easier comparison between the parashot and the chapter divisions.
Variations found in alternative masoretic traditions (such as in the Leningrad Codex
Leningrad Codex
The Leningrad Codex is the oldest complete manuscript of the Hebrew Bible in Hebrew, using the masoretic text and Tiberian vocalization. It is dated AD 1008 according to its colophon...

) are provided separately at the end of each book.
Unusual data (such as an unusually lengthy parashah) is underlined to draw special attention, followed by a parenthetical note identifying the contents of the parashah at hand.
The first words of a parashah are sometimes provided in Hebrew for clarity, especially for parashot that appear within a verse. A prominent example is for the Ten Commandments. The titles of prominent parashot mentioned rabbinic in literature are also sometimes given.

Symbols:

{P} = parashah petuhah ("open portion"), typically resembles a new paragraph
{S} = parashah setumah ("closed portion"), typically represented as a blank space in the middle of a line
{-} = no parashah break indicated
{SONG} = Special format for songs; details of the special layout will be described in separate sections.

Genesis

Parashat Bereshit
Bereishit (parsha)
Bereishit, Bereshit, Bereishis, B'reshith, Beresheet, or Bereshees is the first weekly Torah portion in the annual Jewish cycle of Torah reading. The parshah consists of Genesis . Jews read it on the first Sabbath after Simchat Torah, generally in October...

(Genesis 1:1-6:8):
- Seven days:1:1-5 {P} 1:6-8 {P} 1:9-13 {P} 1:14-19 {P} 1:20-23 {P} 1:25-31 {P} 2:1-3
- {P} 2:4-3:15 {S} 3:16 {S} 3:17-21 {P} 3:22-24 {P} 4:1-26
- From Adam to Noah: {S} 5:1-5 {S} 5:6-8 {S} 5:9-11 {S} 5:12-14 {S} 5:15-17 {S} 5:18-20 {S} 5:21-24 {S} 5:25-27 {S} 5:28-31 {S} 5:32;6:1-4
- {P} 6:5-8
Parashat Noach
Noach (parsha)
Noach or Noah is the second weekly Torah portion in the annual Jewish cycle of Torah reading. It constitutes Genesis . Jews read it on the second Sabbath after Simchat Torah, generally in October or November....

(Genesis 6:9-11:32):
- {P} 6:9-12 {S} 6:13-22;7:1-24;8:1-14 {S} 8:15-22;9:1-7 {S} 9:8-17 {P} 9:18-29 {P} 10:1-14 {S} 10:15-20 {S} 10:21-32 {P} 11:1-9
- From Noah to Abraham: {P} 11:10-11 {S} 11:12-13 {S} 11:14-15 {S} 11:16-17 {S} 11:18-19 {S} 11:20-21 {S} 11:22-23 {S} 11:24-25 {S} 11:26-32
Parashat Lekh Lekha
Lech-Lecha
Lech-Lecha, Lekh-Lekha, or Lech-L'cha is the third weekly Torah portion in the annual Jewish cycle of Torah reading. It constitutes Genesis Jews read it on the third Sabbath after Simchat Torah, generally in October or November....

(Genesis 12:1-17:27):
- {P} 12:1-9 {P} 12:10-20;13:1-18 {P} 14:1-24 {P} 15:1-21 {S} 16:1-16 {S} 17:1-14 {S} 17:15-27
Parashat Vayera
Vayeira
Vayeira, Vayera, or Va-yera is the fourth weekly Torah portion in the annual Jewish cycle of Torah reading. It constitutes Genesis Jews read it on the fourth Sabbath after Simchat Torah, generally in October or November....

(Genesis 18:1-22:24):
- {P} 18:1-33;19:1-38 {S} 20:1-18 {S} 21:1-21 {P} 21:22-34 {P} 22:1-19 {P} 22:20-24
Parashat Chayyei Sarah
Chayei Sarah
Chayei Sarah, Chaye Sarah, or Hayye Sarah is the fifth weekly Torah portion in the annual Jewish cycle of Torah reading. It constitutes Genesis Jews read it on the fifth Sabbath after Simchat Torah, generally in November....

(Genesis 23:1-25:18):
- {P} 23:1-20 {S} 24:1-67 (Eliezer & Rebeccah) {P} 25:1-11 {P} 25:12-18
Parashat Toledot
Toledot
Toledot, Toldot, or Tol'doth is the sixth weekly Torah portion in the annual Jewish cycle of Torah reading. It constitutes Genesis...

(Genesis 25:19-28:9):
- {P} 25:19-34 {P} 26:1-33 {S} 26:34-35 {S} 27:1-46;28:1-9 (blessings of Isaac & Jacob; see image)
Parashat Vayetzei
Vayetze
Vayetze, Vayeitzei, or Vayetzei is the seventh weekly Torah portion in the annual Jewish cycle of Torah reading. It constitutes Genesis . Jews in the Diaspora read it the seventh Sabbath after Simchat Torah, generally in November or December.The parshah tells of Jacob’s travels to, life in, and...

(Genesis 28:10-32:3):
- {S} 28:10-22;29:1-35;30:1-43;31:1-54;32:1-3 (Jacob in Haran)
Parashat Vayishlach
Vayishlach
Vayishlach or Vayishlah is the eighth weekly Torah portion in the annual Jewish cycle of Torah reading...

(Genesis 32:4-36:43):
- {P} 32:4-33;33:1-17 {S} 33:18-20 {S} 34:1-31 {P} 35:1-8 {P} 35:9-22a {P} 33:22b-29 {P} 36:1-19 {S} 36:20-43
Parashat Vayeshev
Vayeshev
Vayeshev, Vayeishev, or Vayesheb is the ninth weekly Torah portion in the annual Jewish cycle of Torah reading...

(Genesis 37-40):
- {P} 37:1-36 {P} 38:1-30 {S} 39:1-23 {P} 40:1-23
Parashat Miketz
Miketz
Miketz or Mikeitz is the tenth weekly Torah portion in the annual Jewish cycle of Torah reading. It constitutes Genesis Jews in the Diaspora read it the tenth Sabbath after Simchat Torah. Generally, it is read on the Sabbath of Chanukah...

(Genesis 41:1-44:17):
- {P} 41:1-57;42:1-38;43:1-34;44:1-17 (Joseph in Egypt)
Parashat Vayigash
Vayigash
Vayigash or Vaigash is the eleventh weekly Torah portion in the annual Jewish cycle of Torah reading...

(Genesis 44:18-47:27) and Parashat Vayechi
Vayechi
Vayechi, Vayehi, or Vayhi is the twelfth weekly Torah portion in the annual Jewish cycle of Torah reading and the last in the Book of Genesis...

(Genesis 47:28-50:26):
- {S} 44:18-34;45:1-28;46:1-7 (Reconciliation) {S} 46:8-27 {S} 46:28-34;47:1-31 {P} 48:1-22
- Jacob's blessings: {P} 49:1-4 {P} 49:5-7 {P} 49:8-12 {P} 49:13 {P} 49:14-15 {S} 49:16-18 {S} 49:19 {S} 49:20 {S} 49:21 {S} 49:22-26 {P} 49:27-33;50:1-26

Variants:

Leningrad Codex
Leningrad Codex
The Leningrad Codex is the oldest complete manuscript of the Hebrew Bible in Hebrew, using the masoretic text and Tiberian vocalization. It is dated AD 1008 according to its colophon...

: {P} 5:1 {S} 5:3 {P} 5:21 {P} 5:25 {P} 5:28 {S} 7:1 {S} 12:1 {S} 23:1 {S} 25:12 {S} 26:1 {S} 40:1 {P} 46:28 {S} 49:8 {S} 49:14 {-} 49:19

Exodus

Parashat Shemot
Shemot (parsha)
Shemot, Shemoth, or Shemos is the thirteenth weekly Torah portion in the annual Jewish cycle of Torah reading and the first in the book of Exodus...

(Exodus 1:1-6:1):
- 1:1-7 {P} 1:8-22 {P} 2:1-22 {P} 2:23-25 {S} 3:1-22;4:1-17 {P} 4:18-26 {P} 4:27-31;5:1-23;6:1
Parashat Va'era
Va'eira
Va'eira, Va'era, or Vaera is the fourteenth weekly Torah portion in the annual Jewish cycle of Torah reading and the second in the book of Exodus...

(Exodus 6:2-9:35):
- {S} 6:2-9 {P} 6:9-12 {P} 6:13 {S} 6:14-28 {S} 6:29-30 {P} 7:1-7 {P} 7:8-13 {S} 7:14-18 {S} 7:19-25 {P} 7:26-29;8:1-11 {S} 8:12-15 {S} 8:16-28 {P} 9:1-7 {P} 9:8-12 {S} 9:13-21 {P} 9:22-35
Parashat Bo
Bo (parsha)
Bo is the fifteenth weekly Torah portion in the annual Jewish cycle of Torah reading and the third in the book of Exodus...

(Exodus 10:1-13:16):
- {P} 10:1-11 {S} 10:12-20 {P} 10:21-29 {P} 11:1-3 {S} 11:4-8 {S} 11:9-10 {S} 12:1-20 {P} 12:21-28 {S} 12:29-36 {P} 12:37-42 {P} 12:43-50 {S} 12:51 {P} 13:1-10 {P} 13:11-16
Parashat Beshallach
Beshalach
Beshalach, Beshallach, or Beshalah is the sixteenth weekly Torah portion in the annual Jewish cycle of Torah reading and the fourth in the book of Exodus...

(Exodus 13:17-17:16):
- {S} 13:17-22 {P} 14:1-14 {P} 14:15-25 {P} 14:26-31
- {P} Song of the Sea: {SONG} 15:1-19 {SONG}
- {P} 15:20-26 {S} 15:27;16:1-3 {S} 16:4-10 {P} 16:11-27 {S} 16:28-36 {P} 17:1-7 {P} 17:8-13 {P} 17:14-16
Parashat Yitro
Yitro (parsha)
Yitro, Yithro, or Yisro is the seventeenth weekly Torah portion in the annual Jewish cycle of Torah reading and the fifth in the book of Exodus...

(Exodus 18:1-20:23):
- {P} 18:1-27 {P} 19:1-24
- Ten Commandments: {S} 20:1 וידבר {S} 20:2-5 אנכי {S} 20:6 לא תשא {P} 20:7-10 זכור {S} 20:11 כבד {S} 20:12a לא תרצח {S} 20:12b לא תנאף {S} 20:12c לא תגנב {S} 20:12d לא תענה {S} 20:13a לא תחמד בית רעך {S} 20:13b לא תחמד אשת רעך
- {P} 20:14-17 {S} 20:18-22
Parashat Mishpatim
Mishpatim
Mishpatim is the eighteenth weekly Torah portion in the annual Jewish cycle of Torah reading and the sixth in the book of Exodus...

(Exodus 21:1-24:18):
- Laws: {P} 21:1-6 {S} 21:7-11 {S} 21:12-13 {S} 21:14 {S} 21:15 {S} 21:16 {S} 21:17 {S} 21:18-19 {S} 21:20-21 {S} 21:22-25 {S} 21:26-27 {P} 21:28-32 {S} 21:33-34 {S} 21:35-36 {S} 21:37;22:1-3 {S} 22:4 {S} 22:5 {S} 22:6-8 {S} 22:9-12 {S} 22:13-14 {S} 22:15-16 {S} 22:17-18 {S} 22:19-23 {P} 22:24-26 {S} 22:27-30 {S} 23:1-3 {S} 23:4 {S} 23:5 {S} 23:6-19
- {P} 23:20-25 {S} 23:26-33 {P} 24:1-11 {S} 24:12-18
Parashat Terumah
Terumah (parsha)
Terumah or Trumah is the nineteenth weekly Torah portion in the annual Jewish cycle of Torah reading and the seventh in the book of Exodus...

(Exodus 25:1-27:19):
- {P} 25:1-9 {S} 25;10-22 {P} 25:23-30 {P} 25:31-40 {S} 26:1-14 {P} 26:15-30 {S} 26:31-37 {S} 27:1-8 {S} 27:9-19
Parashat Tetzaveh
Tetzaveh
Tetzaveh, Tetsaveh, T'tzaveh, or T'tzavveh is the 20th weekly Torah portion in the annual Jewish cycle of Torah reading and the eighth in the book of Exodus...

(Exodus 27:20-30:10):
- {S} 27:20-21 {S} 28:1-5 {P} 28:6-12 {S} 28:13-14 {S} 28:15-30 {S} 28:31-35 {S} 28:36-43 {S} 29:1-37 {S} 29:38-46 {P} 30:1-10
Parashat Ki Tissa
Ki Tisa
Ki Tisa, Ki Tissa, Ki Thissa, or Ki Sisa is the 21st weekly Torah portion in the annual Jewish cycle of Torah reading and the ninth in the book of Exodus...

(Exodus 30:11-34:35):
- {P} 30:11-16 {P} 30:17-21 {P} 30:22-33 {S} 30:34-38 {S} 31:1-11 {P} 31:12-17 {S} 31:18;32:1-6 {P} 32:7-14 {P} 32:15-35 {S} 33:1-11 {P} 33:12-16 {P} 33:17-23 {S/P} 34:1-26 {P} 34:27-35
Parashat Vayakhel
Vayakhel
Vayakhel, Wayyaqhel, VaYakhel, Va-Yakhel, Vayak’hel, Vayak’heil, or Vayaqhel is the 22nd weekly Torah portion in the annual Jewish cycle of Torah reading and the 10th in the book of Exodus...

(Exodus 35:1-38:20):
- {S} 35:1-3 {P} 35:4-29 {P} 35:30-35;36:1-7 {S} 36:8-13 {P} 36:14-19 {S} 36:20-38 {P} 37:1-9 {P} 37:10-16 {P} 37:17-24 {P} 37:25-29 {S} 38:1-7 {S} 38:8 {S} 38:9-20
Parashat Pekudei
Pekudei
Pekudei, Pekude, Pekudey, P’kude, or P’qude is the 23rd weekly Torah portion in the annual Jewish cycle of Torah reading and the 11th and last in the book of Exodus...

(Exodus 38:21-40:38):
- {S} 38:21-23 {S} 38:24-31;39:1 {P} 39:2-5 {S} 39:6-7 {P} 39:8-21 {P} 39:22-26 {S} 39:27-29 {S} 39:30-31 {S} 39:32 {P} 39:33-43 {P} 40:1-16 {S} 40:17-19 {S} 40:20-21 {S} 40:22-23 {S} 40:24-25 {S} 40:26-27 {S} 40:28-29 {S} 40:30-32 {S} 40:33 {P} 40:34-38

Variants:

Leningrad Codex
Leningrad Codex
The Leningrad Codex is the oldest complete manuscript of the Hebrew Bible in Hebrew, using the masoretic text and Tiberian vocalization. It is dated AD 1008 according to its colophon...

: {S} 2:1 {P} 6:29 {P} 7:14 {P} 10:12 {P} 12:1 {S} 13:11 {S} 16:6 {P} 20:18 {-} 21:16 {S} 21:27 {S} 22:18 {S} 23:2 {S} 23:20 {-} 23:26 {P} 26:7 {S} 33:12 {S} 34:1 {S} 36:14 {P} 38:1 {-} 39:6 {-} 39:22 {P} 40:28

Leviticus

Parashat Vayikra
Vayikra (parsha)
Vayikra, VaYikra, Va-yikra, or Vayyiqra is the 24th weekly Torah portion in the annual Jewish cycle of Torah reading and the first in the book of Leviticus...

(Leviticus 1:1-5:26):
- 1:1-9 {S} 1:10-13 {P} 1:14-17 {S} 2:1-3 {S} 2:4 {S} 2:5-6 {S} 2:7-13 {S} 2:14-16 {P} 3:1-5 {P} 3:6-11 {P} 3:12-17 {P} 4:1-12 {P} 4:13-21 {P} 4:22-26 {P} 4:27-31 {P} 4:32-35 {P} 5:1-10 {S} 5:11-13 {S} 5:14-16 {P} 5:17-19 {P} 5:20-26
Parashat Tzav
Tzav
Tzav, Tsav, Zav, Sav, or in Biblical Hebrew Ṣaw is the 25th weekly Torah portion in the annual Jewish cycle of Torah reading and the second in the book of Leviticus...

(Leviticus 6:1-8:36):
- {P} 6:1-6 {S} 6:7-11 {P} 6:12-16 {P} 6:17-23 {P} 7:1-10 {P} 7:11-21 {P/-} 7:22-27 {P/-} 7:28-38 {P} 8:1-36
Parashat Shemini
Shemini
Shemini, Sh’mini, or Shmini is the 26th weekly Torah portion in the annual Jewish cycle of Torah reading and the third in the book of Leviticus...

(Leviticus 9:1-11:47):
- {S} 9:1-24;10:1-7 {P} 10:8-11 {P} 10:12-20 {P} 11:1-28 {S} 11:29-38 {S} 11:39-47
Parashat Tazria
Tazria
Tazria, Thazria, Thazri’a, Sazria, or Ki Tazria’ is the 27th weekly Torah portion in the annual Jewish cycle of Torah reading and the fourth in the book of Leviticus...

(Leviticus 12:1-13:59):
- {P} 12:1-8 {P} 13:1-8 {P} 13:9-17 {P} 13:18-23 {S} 13:24-28 {P} 13:29-37 {S} 13:38-39 {S} 13:40-46 {S} 13:47-59
Parashat Metzora
Metzora (parsha)
Metzora, Metzorah, M’tzora, Mezora, Metsora, or M’tsora is the 28th weekly Torah portion in the annual Jewish cycle of Torah reading and the fifth in the book of Leviticus...

(Leviticus 14:1-15:33):
- {P} 14:1-20 {S} 14:21-32 {P} 14:33-57 {P} 15:1-15 {S} 15:16-18 {P} 15:19-24 {S} 15:25-33
Parashat Acharei Mot
Acharei
Acharei, Achrei Mos, Aharei Mot, or Ahare Moth is the 29th weekly Torah portion in the annual Jewish cycle of Torah reading and the sixth in the book of Leviticus...

(Leviticus 16:1-18:30):
- {P} 16:1-34 {P} 17:1-16 {P} 18:1-5
- Forbidden relations: {S} 18:6 {S} 18:7 {S} 18:8 {S} 18:9 {S} 18:10 {S} 18:11 {S} 18:12 {S} 18:13 {S} 18:14 {S} 18:15 {S} 18:16 {S} 18:17-30
Parashat Kedoshim (Leviticus 19:1-20:27):
- {P} 19:1-22 {P} 19:23-32 {S} 19:33-37 {P} 20:1-27
Parashat Emor
Emor
Emor is the 31st weekly Torah portion in the annual Jewish cycle of Torah reading and the eighth in the book of Leviticus. It constitutes Jews in the Diaspora generally read it in late April or early May...

(Leviticus 21:1-24:23):
- {P} 21:1-9 {S} 21:10-15 {S} 21:16-24 {P} 22:1-16 {P} 22:17-25 {S} 22:26-33 {P} 23:1-3 {P} 23:4-4 {P} 23:9-14 {S} 23:15-22 {P} 23:23-25 {S} 23:26-32 {P} 23:33-44 {P} 24:1-4 {P} 24:5-9 {S} 24:10-12 {P} 24:13-23
Parashat Behar
Behar
Behar, BeHar, Be-har, or B’har is the 32nd weekly Torah portion in the annual Jewish cycle of Torah reading and the ninth in the book of Leviticus...

(Leviticus 25:1-26:2):
- {P} 25:1-7 {S} 25:8-24 {S} 25:25-28 {S} 25:29-34 {S} 25:35-38 {S} 25:39-46 {S} 25:47-26:2
Parashat Bechukotai
Bechukotai
Bechukotai, Bechukosai, or B'hukkothai is the 33rd weekly Torah portion in the annual Jewish cycle of Torah reading and the 10th and last in the book of Leviticus...

(Leviticus 26:3-27:34):
- {P} 26:3-13 {P} 26:14-26 {S} 26:27-46 {P} 27:1-8 {S} 27:9-34

Variants:

Leningrad Codex
Leningrad Codex
The Leningrad Codex is the oldest complete manuscript of the Hebrew Bible in Hebrew, using the masoretic text and Tiberian vocalization. It is dated AD 1008 according to its colophon...

: {P} 7:22 {P} 7:28 {S} 11:21 {S} 15:1 {P} 15:17 {-} 15:18 {P} 15:25 {S} 17:13 {P} 19:20 {P} 19:33 {P} 21:16 {S} 22:14 {P} 22:26 {S} 23:23 {-} 25:29 {S} 26:3 {S} 26:18 {S} 27:26

Numbers

Parashat Bemidbar
Bamidbar (parsha)
Bamidbar, Bemidbar, BeMidbar, or B'midbar is the 34th weekly Torah portion in the annual Jewish cycle of Torah reading and the first in the book of Numbers...

(Numbers 1:1-4:20):
- 1:1-19 {S} 1:20-21 {P} 1:22-23 {P} 1:24-25 {P} 1:26-27 {P} 1:28-29 {P} 1:30-31 {P} 1:32-33 {P} 1:34-35 {P} 1:36-37 {P} 1:38-39 {P} 1:40-41 {P} 1:42-43 {P} 1:44-47 {P} 1:48-54 {P} 2:1-9 {S} 2:10-16 {S} 2:17 {S} 2:18-24 {S} 2:25-31 {P} 2:32-34 {P} 3:1-4 {P} 3:5-10 {P} 3:11-13 {P} 3:14-26 {S} 3:27-39 {S} 3:40-43 {P} 3:44-51 {P} 4:1-16 {P} 4:17-20
Parashat Naso
Naso (parsha)
Naso or Nasso is the 35th weekly Torah portion in the annual Jewish cycle of Torah reading and the second in the book of Numbers. It constitutes Naso is the longest of the 54 weekly Torah portions, with 176 verses...

(Numbers 4:21-7:89):
- {P} 4:21-28 {S} 4:29-37 {S} 4:38-49 {P} 5:1-4 {P} 5:5-10 {P} 5:11-31 {P} 6:1-21 {P} 6:22-23 {S} 6:24 {S} 6:25 {S} 6:26 {S} 6:27 {S} 7:1-11 {S} 7:12-17 {P} 7:18-23 {P} 7:24-29 {P} 7:30-35 {P} 7:36-41 {P} 7:42-47 {P} 7:48-53 {P} 7:54-59 {P} 7:60-65 {P} 7:66-71 {P} 7:72-77 {P} 7:78-83 {P} 7:84-89
Parashat Beha'alotekha
Behaalotecha
Behaalotecha, Beha’alotecha, Beha’alothekha, or Behaaloscha is the 36th weekly Torah portion in the annual Jewish cycle of Torah reading and the third in the book of Numbers...

(Numbers 8:1-12:16):
- {P} 8:1-4 {P} 8:5-22 {S} 8:23-26 {P} 9:1-8 {P} 9:9-14 {S} 9:15-23 {P} 10:1-10 {P} 10:11-28 {S} 10:29-34 {S} נ 10:35-36 נ {P} 11:1-15 {P} 11:16-22 {P} 11:23-35 {P} 12:1-3 {S} 12:4-13 {P} 12:14-16
Parashat Shelach
Shlach
Shlach, Shelach, Sh'lah, Shlach Lecha, or Sh’lah L’kha is the 37th weekly Torah portion in the annual Jewish cycle of Torah reading and the fourth in the book of Numbers. It constitutes Jews in the Diaspora generally read it in June...

(Numbers 13:1-15:41):
- {P} 13:1-33;14:1-10 {P} 14:11-25 {P} 14:26-45 {P} 15:1-16 {P} 15:17-21 {S} 15:22-26 {S} 15:27-31 {P} 15:32-34 {S} 15:35-36 {P} 15:37-41
Parashat Korach
Korach (parsha)
Korach or Korah is the 38th weekly Torah portion in the annual Jewish cycle of Torah reading and the fifth in the book of Numbers...

(Numbers 16:1-18:32):
- {P} 16:1-19 {S} 16:20-22 {S} 16:23-35 {S} 17:1-5 {P} 17:6-7 {S} 17:8-15 {P} 17:16-24 {P} 17:25-26 {P} 17:27-28 {S} 18:1-7 {P} 18:8-20 {S} 18:21-24 {P} 18:25-32
Parashat Chukkat
Chukat
Chukat, Hukath, or Chukkas is the 39th weekly Torah portion in the annual Jewish cycle of Torah reading and the sixth in the book of Numbers. It constitutes . Jews in the Diaspora generally read it in late June or July....

(Numbers 19:1-22:1):
- {P} 19:1-22 {P} 20:1-6 {P} 20:7-11 {S} 20:12-13 {S} 20:14-21 {P} 20:22-29 {S} 21:1-3 {P} 21:4-16 {S} 21:17-20 {P} 21:21-35;22:1
Parashat Balak
Balak (parsha)
Balak is the 40th weekly Torah portion in the annual Jewish cycle of Torah reading and the seventh in the book of Numbers...

(Numbers 22:2-25:9):
- {S} 22:2-41;23:1-30;24:1-25 (Balaam & Balak) {P} 25:1-9
Parashat Pinchas
Pinchas (parsha)
Pinchas, Pinhas, or Pin’has is the 41st weekly Torah portion in the annual Jewish cycle of Torah reading and the eighth in the book of Numbers...

(Numbers 25:10-30:1):
- {P} 25:10-15 {P} 25:16-18;26:1a
- Census: {P} 26:1b-11 {S} 26:12-14 {S} 26:15-18 {S} 26:19-22 {S} 26:23-25 {S} 26:26-27 {S} 26:28-32 {S} 26:33-34 {S} 26:35-37 {S} 26:38-41 {S} 26:42-43 {S} 26:44-47 {S} 26:48-51
- {P} 26:52-56 {S} 26:57-65 {S} 27:1-5 {P} 27:6-11 {P} 27:12-14 {S} 27:15-23
- Offerings: {P} 28:1-8 {P} 28:9-10 {P} 28:11-15 {S} 28:16-25 {S} 28:26-31 {P} 29:1-6 {S} 29:7-11
- Sukkot offerings: {S} 29:12-16 {S} 29:17-19 {S} 29:20-22 {S} 29:23-25 {S} 29:26-28 {S} 29:29-31 {S} 29:32-34 {S} 29:35-39;30:1
Parashat Mattot
Matot
Matot, Mattot, Mattoth, or Matos is the 42nd weekly Torah portion in the annual Jewish cycle of Torah reading and the ninth in the book of Numbers...

(Numbers 30:2-32:42):
- {P} 30:2-17 {P} 31:1-12 {S} 31:13-20 {S} 31:21-24 {S} 31:25-54 {P} 32:1-4 {S} 32:5-15 {S} 32:16-19 {P} 32:20-42
Parashat Masei
Masei
Masei, Mas’ei, or Masse is the 43rd weekly Torah portion in the annual Jewish cycle of Torah reading and the 10th and last in the book of Numbers...

(Numbers 33:1-36:13):
- {P} 33:1-39 {S} 33:40-49 {S} 33:50-56 {P} 34:1-15 {P} 34:16-29 {P} 35:1-8 {P} 35:9-34 {P} 36:1-13

Variants:

Leningrad Codex
Leningrad Codex
The Leningrad Codex is the oldest complete manuscript of the Hebrew Bible in Hebrew, using the masoretic text and Tiberian vocalization. It is dated AD 1008 according to its colophon...

: {P} 1:20 {S} 2:7 {-} 3:1 {S} 3:14 {-} 3:27 {S} 4:17 {P} 4:29 {P} 7:1 {P} 9:15 {S} 10:18 {S} 10:22 {S} 10:25 {S} 11:1 {P} 16:20 {P} 16:23 {P} 17:1 {-} 17:6 {P} 17:9 {S} 17:25 {S} 17:27 {S} 18:8 {S} 27:6 {S} 27:12 {P} 27:15 {S} 28:11 {P} 29:12 {P} 29:32 {P} 29:35 {P} 31:25

Deuteronomy

The Aleppo Codex is intact starting at Deuteronomy 28:17 (משארתך). Parashot from the extant parts are in bold, as are the parashot shown in the Segall photograph (image at right).

Parashat Devarim
Devarim (parsha)
Devarim, D’varim, or Debarim is the 44th weekly Torah portion in the annual Jewish cycle of Torah reading and the first in the book of Deuteronomy. It constitutes Jews in the Diaspora generally read it in July or August...

(Deuteronomy 1:1-3:22):
- 1:1-46;2:1 {S} 2:2-8a {S} 2:8b-16 ונפן {S} 2:17-30 {S} 2:31-37;3:1-22
Parashat Va'etchannan
Va'etchanan
Va'etchanan is the 45th weekly Torah portion in the annual Jewish cycle of Torah reading and the second in the book of Deuteronomy. It constitutes Jews in the Diaspora generally read it in late July or August...

(Deuteronomy 3:23-7:11):
- {S} 3:23-29 {P} 4:1-24 {P} 4:25-40 {P} 4:41-49 {P} 5:1-5
- Ten Commandments: {S} 5:6-9 אנכי {S} 5:10 לא תשא {S} 5:11-14 שמור {S} 5:15 כבד {S} 5:16a לא תרצח {S} 5:16b ולא תנאף {S} 5:16c ולא תגנב {S} 5:16d ולא תענה {S} 5:17a ולא תחמד {S} 5:17b ולא תתאוה
- {S} 5:18-29;6:1-3 {P} 6:4-9 שמע {S} 6:10-15 {S} 6:16-18 {S} 6:19-25 {S} 7:1-11
Parashat Ekev
Eikev
Eikev, Ekev, Ekeb, or Eqeb is the 46th weekly Torah portion in the annual Jewish cycle of Torah reading and the third in the book of Deuteronomy...

(Deuteronomy 7:12-11:25):
- {P} 7:12-16 {S} 7:17-26 {P} 8:1-18 {P} 8:19-20 {P} 9:1-29 {P} 10:1-11 {P} 10:12-22;11:1-9 {S} 11:10-12 {S} 11:13-21 {S} 11:22-25
Parashat Re'eh
Re'eh
Re'eh, Reeh, R'eih, or Ree is the 47th weekly Torah portion in the annual Jewish cycle of Torah reading and the fourth in the book of Deuteronomy...

(Deuteronomy 11:26-16:17):
- {S} 11:26-28 {S} 11:29-32;12:1-19 {S} 12:20-28 {S} 12:29-31;13:1 {P} 13:2-6 {S} 13:7-12 {S} 13:13-19 {S} 14:1-2 {S} 14:3-8 {S} 14:9-10 {S} 14:11-21 {P} 14:22-29 {S} 15:1-6 {S} 15:7-11 {S} 15:12-18 {P} 15:19-23 {P} 16:1-8 {S} 15:9-12 {P} 15:13-17
Parashat Shofetim
Shoftim (parsha)
Shoftim, Shof'tim, or Shofetim is the 48th weekly Torah portion in the annual Jewish cycle of Torah reading and the fifth in the book of Deuteronomy...

(Deuteronomy 16:18-21:9):
- {S} 16:18-20 {S} 16:21-22 {S} 17:1 {S} 17:2-7 {P} 17:8-13 {S} 17:14-20 {S} 18:1-2 {S} 18:3-5 {S} 18:6-8 {S} 18:9-22 {S} 19:1-10 {P} 19:11-13 {S} 19:14 {S} 19:15-21 {S} 20:1-9 {S} 20:10-18 {S} 20:19-20 {P} 21:1-9
Parashat Ki Tetzei
Ki Teitzei
Ki Teitzei, Ki Tetzei, Ki Tetse, Ki Thetze, Ki Tese, Ki Tetzey, or Ki Seitzei is the 49th weekly Torah portion in the annual Jewish cycle of Torah reading and the sixth in the book of Deuteronomy...

(Deuteronomy 21:10-25:19):
- {S} 21:10-14 {S} 21:15-17 {S} 21:18-21 {S} 21:22-23 {S} 22:1-3 {S} 22:4 {S} 22:5 {P} 22:6-7 {S} 22:8-9 {S} 22:10-11 {S} 22:12 {S} 22:13-19 {S} 22:20-21 {S} 22:22 {S} 22:23-24 {S} 22:25-27 {S} 22:28-29 {S} 23:1 {S} 23:2 {S} 23:3 {S} 23:4-7 {S} 23:8-9 {S} 23:10-15 {S} 23:16-17 {S} 23:18-19 {S} 23:20-21 {S} 23:22-24 {S} 23:25 {S} 23:26 {S} 24:1-4 {S} 24:5-6 {S} 24:7 {S} 24:8-9 {S} 24:10-13 {S} 24:14-15 {S} 24:16 {S} 24:17-18 {S} 24:19 {S} 24:20-22 {S} 25:1-4 {S} 25:5-10 {S} 25:11-12 {S} 25:13-16 {P} 25:17-19
Parashat Ki Tavo
Ki Tavo
Ki Tavo, Ki Thavo, Ki Tabo, Ki Thabo, or Ki Savo is the 50th weekly Torah portion in the annual Jewish cycle of Torah reading and the seventh in the book of Deuteronomy...

(Deuteronomy 26:1-29:8):
- {P} 26:1-11 {S} 26:12-15 {S} 26:16-19 {P} 27:1-8 {S} 27:9-10 {S} 27:11-14 {S} 27:15 {S} 27:16 {S} 27:17 {S} 27:18 {S} 27:19 {S/-} 27:20 {S} 27:21 {S} 27:22 {S} 27:23 {S} 27:24 {S} 27:25 {S} 27:26 {P} 28:1-14 {P} 28:15-68 {S} 28:69 {P} 29:1-8
Parashat Nitzavim
Nitzavim
Nitzavim, Nitsavim, Nitzabim, Netzavim, or Nesabim is the 51st weekly Torah portion in the annual Jewish cycle of Torah reading and the eighth in the book of Deuteronomy...

(Deuteronomy 29:9-30:20):
- {P} 29:9-29:28 {S} 30:1-10 {S} 30:11-14 {S} 30:15-20
Parashat Vayelekh
Vayelech
Vayelech, Vayeilech, VaYelech, Va-yelech, Vayelekh, Va-yelekh, or Vayeleh is the 52nd weekly Torah portion in the annual Jewish cycle of Torah reading and the ninth in the book of Deuteronomy...

(Deuteronomy 31:1-30):
- {P} 31:1-6 {S} 31:7-13 {P} 31:14-30
Parashat Ha'azinu
Haazinu
Haazinu, Ha'azinu, or Ha'Azinu is the 53rd weekly Torah portion in the annual Jewish cycle of Torah reading and the 10th in the book of Deuteronomy...

(Deuteronomy 32:1-52):
- {P} Song of Moses: {SONG} 32:1-43 {SONG}
- {P} 32:44-47 {P} 32:48-52
Parashat Vezot Haberakhah
V'Zot HaBerachah
V'Zot HaBerachah, VeZot Haberakha, or Zos Habrocho is the 54th and last weekly Torah portion in the annual Jewish cycle of Torah reading and the 11th and last in the book of Deuteronomy. It constitutes Jews generally read it in September or October on the Simchat Torah festival...

(Deuteronomy 33:1-34:12):
- {P} 33:1-6 {S} 33:7 {P} 33:8-11 {S} 33:12-17 {S} 33:18-19 {S} 33:20-21 {S} 33:22-23 {S} 33:24-29 {S} 34:1-12

Variants:

Leningrad Codex
Leningrad Codex
The Leningrad Codex is the oldest complete manuscript of the Hebrew Bible in Hebrew, using the masoretic text and Tiberian vocalization. It is dated AD 1008 according to its colophon...

: {S} 7:7 {-} 13:7 {S} 16:22 {S} 18:14 {S} 19:8 {S} 19:11 {S} 22:9 {S} 22:11 {S} 23:8b לא תתעב מצרי {S} 24:6 {S} 24:9 {S} 24:21 {S} 25:4 {S} 25:14 {S} 27:1 {S} 27:20 {-} 24:8 {-} 24:20 {S} 28:15 {P} 30:11 {P} 31:7 {S} 31:16 {S} 33:8

Parashot in Nevi'im

Parashot in Nevi'im

Nevi'im

Nevi'im is the second of the three major sections in the Hebrew Bible, the Tanakh. It falls between the Torah and Ketuvim .Nevi'im is traditionally divided into two parts:...

are listed here according to the Aleppo codex

Aleppo Codex

, with variants from other masoretic traditions noted at the end of each book's section.

The Aleppo codex is intact for the bulk of Nevi'im. The few parashot noted here from its missing parts are listed according to the notes taken by Joshua Kimhi, who recorded the parashot of the Aleppo codex in the nineteenth century in the bible of Rabbi Shalom Shachna Yellin. These are indicated by an asterisk.

Joshua

1:1-9 {P} 1:9-10 {P} 1:12-18 {P} 2:1-14 {S} 3:1-4 {P} 3:5-6 {S} 3:7-8 {P} 3:9-17;4:1a {P} 4:1b-3 {S} 4:4-13 {S} 4:15-24 {P} 5:1 {P} 5:2-8 {P} 5:9-12 {S} 5:13-15;6:1 {S} 6:2-11 {P} 6:12-25 {P} 6:26 {S} 6:27;7:1 {S} 7:2-26 {P} 8:1-17 {P} 8:18-29 {P} 8:30-35;9:1-2 {P} 9:3-27 {P} 10:1-7 {P} 10:8-11 {S} 10:12-14 {S} 10:15-28 {S} 10:29-30 {S} 10:31-32 {P} 10:33-35 {P} 10:36-37 {S} 10:38-43 {P} 11:1-5 {P} 11:6-9 {S} 11:10-20 {S} 11:21-23 {S} 12:1-8
{P} Canaanite Kings: {SONG} 12:9-25 {SONG}
{P} 13:1-14 {P} 13:15-23 {P} 13:24-32 {P} 13:33 {S} 14:1-5 {P} 14:6-15 {P} 15:1-19 {P}
Cities of Judah: 15:20-32 {S} 15:33-36 {S} 15:37-41 {S} 15:42-46 {S} 15:47 {S} 15:48-49 {S} 15:50-51 {S} 15:52-54 {S} 15:55-57 {S} 15:58-59 {P} 15:60 {S} 15:61-63
{P} 16:1-10 {P} 17:1-13 {S} 17:14-18 {P} 18:1-10 {P} 18:11-20 {P} 18:21-28 {P} 19:1-9 {P} 19:10-16 {P} 19:17-23 {P} 19:24-31 {P} 19:32-39 {P} 19:40-48 {S} 19:49-51 {P} 20:1-9 {P}
Levite cities: 21:1-2 {P} 21:3-4 {S} 21:5 {S} 21:6 {S} 21:7 {S} 21:8 {S} 21:9-12 {S} 21:13-16 {S} 21:17-19 {S} 21:20-22 {S} 21:23-26 {S} 21:27 {S} 21:28-29 {S} 21:30-31 {S} 21:32-33 {S} 21:34-35 {S} 21:36-40 {S} 21:41-43
22:1-6 {P} 22:7-8 {P} 22:9-12 {P} 22:13-20 {S} 22:21-29 {P} 22:30-34 {P} 23:1-16 {P} 24:1-15 {P} 24:16-26 {P} 24:27-28 {P} 24:29-33

Judges

1:1-7 {P} 1:8-15 {P} 1:16-21 {P} 1:22-26 {P} 1:27-28 {S} 1:29 {S} 1:30 {S} 1:31-32 {S} 1:33-36 {P} 2:1a {P} 2:1b-5 {P} 2:6-10 {P} 2:11-23 {P} 3:1-6 {P} 3:7-11 {P} 3:12-30 {P} 3:31 {P} 4:1-3 {P} 4:4-24
{P} Song of Deborah: {SONG} 5:1-31 {SONG}
{P} 6:1-6 {P} 6:7-10 {P} 6:11-19 {P} 6:20-24 {S} 6:25-32 {S} 6:33-40 {P} 7:1 {S} 7:2-3 {S} 7:4-6 {S} 7:7-8 {P} 7:9-14 {P} 7:15-18 {P} 7:19-25;8:1-9 {P} 8:10-21 {P} 8:22-28 {P} 8:29-32 {P} 8:33-35 {P} 9:1-5 {S} 9:6-25 {P} 9:26-45 {P} 9:46-49 {P} 9:50-57 {P} 10:1-2 {P} 10:3-4 {P} 10:6-10 {P} 10:11-16 {P} 10:17-18 {P} 11:1-3 {P} 11:6-11 {P} 11:12-31 {P} 11:32-33 {P} 11:34-40 {P} 12:1-7 {P} 12:8-10 {P} 12:11-12 {P} 12:13-15 {P} 13:1 {P} 13:2-7 {P} 13:8-14 {S} 13:15-18 {P} 13:19-25 {P} 14:1-20 {P} 15:1-8 {P} 15:9-20 {P} 16:1-3 {P} 16:4-22 {P} 16:23-31 {P} 17:1-6 {P} 17:7-13 {P} 18:1 {P} 18:2-6 {P} 18:7-31 {P} 19:1-30 {P} 20:1-2 {P} 20:3-11 {P} 20:12-16 {P} 20:17-23 {P} 20:24-29 {P} 20:30-34 {P} 20:35-48 {P} 21:1-4 {P} 21:5-12 {P} 21:13-18 {S} 21:19-22 {S} 21:23-24 {P} 21:25

Samuel

1Sam 1:1-28 {S} 2:1-10 {P} 2:11-21 {S} 2:22-26 {P} 2:27-36 {P} 3:1 {S} 3:2-3 {P} 3:4-5 {S} 3:6-10 {P} 3:11-18 {P} 3:19-20 {S} 3:21 {P} 4:1-17 {P} 4:18-22 {P} 5:1-5 {P} 5:6-8 {S} 5:9-12 {S} 6:1-2 {S} 6:3-14 {S} 6:15-16
Philistine offering: {S} 6:17a {S} 6:17b {S} 6:17c {S} 6:17d {S} 6:17e {S} 6:17f
{S} 6:18-21;7:1 {P} 7:2 {S} 7:3-4 {P} 7:5-17 {P} 8:1-3 {P} 8:4-6 {P} 8:7-9 {S} 8:10 {S} 8:11-21 {P} 8:22 {P} 9:1-14 {S} 9:15-20 {S} 9:21 {S} 9:22-27 {P} 10:1-9 {S} 10:10-11a {S} 10:11b-16 {S} 10:17-18a {P} 10:18b-22a {S} 10:22b-24 {S} 10:25-27 {P} 11:1-10 {S} 11:11-15 {P} 12:1-5 {P} 12:6-17 {S} 12:18-25 {P} 13:1-12 {S} 13:13-14 {S} 13:15-18 {S} 13:19=23 {S} 14:1-5 {S} 14:6-7 {S} 14:8-12a {P} 14:12b-16 {P} 14:17-19a {P} 14:19b-24 {S} 14:25-35 {P} 14:36-40 {S} 14:41-43 {S} 14:44-45 {S} 14:46-48 {P} 14:49-51 {S} 14:52 {P} 15:1 {S} 15:2-3 {S} 15:4-9 {P} 15:10-15 {P} 15:16 {S} 15:17-19 {S} 15:20-21 {S} 15:22-23 {S} 15:24-26 {S} 15:27 {S} 15:28 {S} 15:29-31 {S} 15:32 {S} 15:33 {S} 15:34-35 {P} 16:1-6 {S} 16:7-12a {P} 16:12b-16 {P} 16:17-23 {P} 17:1-11 {P} 17:12-14 {S} 17:15-16 {P} 17:17-19 {S} 17:20-15 {P} 17:26-33 {S} 17:34-26 {S} 17:37a {S} 17:37b-44 {S} 17:45-47 {S} 17:48-54 {S} 17:55-56 {S} 17:57-58;18:1-5 {P} 18:6-9 {S} 18:10-13 {S} 18:14-16 {P} 18:17 {S} 18:18-27 {S} 18:28-29 {P} 18:30 {S} 19:1-3 {S} 19:4-7 {S} 19:8-10 {P} 19:11-13 {S} 19:14 {S} 19:15-16 {S} 19:17-21a {P} 19:21b-24 {P} 20:1-4 {P} 20:5-8 {P} 20:9 {S} 20:10 {S} 20:11 {S} 20:12-17 {S} 20:18-23 {S} 20:24-26 {S} 20:27a {P} 20:27b-29 {S} 20:30-31 {S} 20:32-33 {S} 20:34 {S} 20:35-39 {S} 20:40-42 {P} 21:1-5 {P} 21:6-9 {S} 21:10a {S} 21:10b-14 {S} 21:15-16 {P} 22:1-4 {S} 22:5 {S} 22:6-8 {S} 22:9-11 {S} 22:12-13 {S} 22:14-17 {S} 22:18-23 {S} 23:1-2a {S} 23:2b-3 {S} 23:4-5 {S} 23:6-9 {S} 23:10-11a {S} 23:11b {S} 23:12 {S} 23:13-15 {S} 23:16-18 {S} 23:19-29 {S} 24:1 {S} 24:2-7 {S} 24:8 {S} 24:9-15 {P} 24:16-22 {S} 25:1 {P} 25:2-31 {S} 25:32-44 {S} 26:1-7 {S} 26:8-9 {P} 26:10-14 {P} 26:15-24 {P} 26:25 {P} 27:1-4 {S} 27:5-6 {P} 27:7-12 {P} 28:1-2 {P} 28:3-14 {S} 28:15 {S} 28:16-25 {P} 29:1-3 {P} 29:4-5 {S} 29:6-7 {S} 29:8-11 {S} 30:1-6 {S} 30:7-12 {S} 30:13-21 {S} 30:22 {S} 30:23-24 {S} 30:25 {P} 30:26
Spoils: {S} 30:27a {S} 30:27b {S} 30:27c {S} 30:28a {S} 30:28b {S} 30:28c {S} 30:29a {S} 30:29b {S} 30:29c {S} 30:30a {S} 30:30b {S} 30:30c {S} 30:31
{P} 31:1-7 {P} 31:8-13 {P} 2Sam 1:1-12 {P} 1:13-16 {P} 1:17-27 {P} 2:1-4 {S} 2:5-7 {P} 2:8-9 {P} 2:10-11 {S} 2:12-32;3:1 {S} 3:2-5 {P} 3:6-8 {S} 3:9-11 {S} 3:12-13 {S} 3:14-30 {S} 3:31-32 {S} 3:33-37 {S} 3:38-39 {P} 4:1-3 {S} 4:4-12 {P} 5:1-3 {S} 5:4-10 {P} 5:11-12 {S} 5:13-16 {P} 5:17-19a {P} 5:19b-21 {P} 5:22-25 {P} 6:1-20a {S} 6:20b-23 {P} 7:1-4a {S} 7:4b {S} 7:4c-5a {S} 7:5b-17 {P} 7:18-24 {S} 7:25-29 {P} 8:1-8 {S} 8:9-18 {S} 9:1-13 {P} 10:1-16 {S} 10:17-19 {P} 11:1 {S} 11:2-15 {S} 1:16-24 {S} 11:25-27 {P} 12:1-6 {S} 12:7a {S} 12:7b-10 {S} 12:11-12 {S} 12:13a {S} 12:13b-25 {P} 12:26-31 {P} 13:1-22 {P} 13:23-27 {S} 13:28-30 {P} 13:31 {S} 13:32-33 {P} 13:34-39 14:1-4 {S} 14:5-7 {P} 14:8-9 {S} 14:10-12 {S} 14:13-17 {P} 14:18-20 {S} 14:21-23 {S} 14:24 {S} 14:25-27 {P} 14:28-30 {P} 14:31-33 {S} 15:1-6 {P} 15:7-9 {P} 15:10-18 {S} 15:19-24 {S} 15:25-26 {S} 15:27-37 {S} 16:1-9 {S} 16:10 {S} 16:11-13a {S} 16:13b {P} 16:14-19 {P} 16:20-23 {S} 17:1-4 {S} 17:5-6 {S} 17:7-13 {P} 17:14a {S} 17:14b {S} 17:15-20 {S} 17:21-23 {S} 17:24-26 {S} 17:27-29 {S} 18:1-2a {S} 18:2b-3 {S} 18:4-18 {S} 18:19-28a {S} 18:28b {S} 18:29-31 {S} 18:32 {S} 19:1-5 {S} 19:6-8a {S} 19:8b {S} 19:9 {S} 19:10-11 {S} 19:12-21 {S} 19:22 {S} 19:23-24 {S} 19:25-29 {P} 19:30-31 {S} 19:32-38 {S} 19:39-40 {S} 19:41-42 {S} 19:43 {S} 19:44{S} 20:1-3 {S} 20:4-5 {S} 20:6-8 {S} 20:9-14a {S} 2-:14b-19 {P} 2-:20-22 {S} 20:23-26 {S} 21:1a {S} 21:1b-6 {P} 21:7-14 {P} 21:15-17 {P} 21:18 {S} 21:19 {S} 21:20-22
{P} Song of David: {SONG} 22:1-51 {SONG}
{P} 23:1-7 {P} 23:8 {S} 23:9-10 {S} 23:11-12 {S} 23:13-15 {S} 23:16-17 {S} 23:18-19 {S} 23:20-23
David's Thirty Champions: {S} 23:24 {S} 23:25a {S} 23:25b {S} {S} 23:26a {S} 23:26b {S} 23:26c {S} 23:27a {S} 23:27b {S} {S} 23:28a {S} 23:28b {S} {S} 23:29a {S} 23:29b {S} {S} 23:30a {S} 23:30b {S} 23:31a {S} 23:31b {S} {S} 23:32a {S} 23:32b {S} {S} 23:33a {S} 23:33b {S} {S} 23:34a {S} 23:34b {S} {S} 23:35a {S} 23:35b {S} {S} 23:36a {S} 23:36b {S} {S} 23:37a {S} 23:37b {S} {S} 23:38a {S} 23:38b {S} 23:39
{P} 24:1-2 {S} 24:3-10a {P} 24:10b-11a {P} 24:11b-13 {S} 24:14-16 {S} 24:17 {P} 24:18-23a {S} 24:23b-25

Kings

The Aleppo codex is missing three folios from II Kings that included 14:21 (את עזריה) to 18:13 (שנה). Parashot listed from the missing section are based upon Kimhi's notes on the codex and marked with an asterisk (*).

1Kings 1:1-19a {P} 1:19b-27 {S} 1:28-31 {P} 1:32-53 {P} 2:1-10 {P} 2:11-12 {S} 2:13-22 {P} 2:23-25 {S} 2:26-27 {P} 2:28-38 {S} 2:39-40 {S} 2:41-46;3:1-2 {P} 3:3-14 {S} 3:15 {P} 3:16-23 {P} 3:24-27 {S} 3:28
Solomon's officials: {S} 4:1 {S} 4:2 {S} 4:3a {S} 4:3b {S} 4:4a {S} 4:4b {S} 4:5a {S} 4:5b {S} 4:6a {S} 4:6b {S} 4:7 {S} 4:8 {S} 4:9 {S} 4:10 {S} 4:11 {S} 4:12 {S} 4:13 {S} 4:14 {S} 4:15 {S} 4:16 {S} 4:17 {S} 4:18 {S} 4:19-20;5:1
{P} 5:2-5 {S} 5:6-8 {S} 5:9-14 {S} 5:15 {S} 5:16-25 {P} 5:26-28 {S} 5:29-30 {S} 5:31-32 {P} 6:1-10 {P} 6:11-13 {P} 6:14-38;7:1-12 {P} 7:13-26 {P} 7:27-37 {S} 7:38-39 {S} 7:40-50 {P} 7:51 {P} 8:1-11 {P} 8:12-21 {S} 8:22-34 {S} 8:35-36 {S} 8:37-53 {P} 8:54-66;9:1 {P} 9:2-9 {P} 9:10-13 {P} 9:14-22 {S} 9:23-28 {P} 10:1-13 {P} 10:14-17 {P} 10:18-25 {S} 10:26-29 {P} 11:1-6 {S} 11:7-10 {P} 11:11-13 {S} 11:14-25 {P} 11:26-28 {S} 11:29-39 {S} 11:40 {S} 11:41-43 {S} 12:1-17 {P} 12:18-19 {S} 12:20-21 {P} 12:22-24 {S} 12:25-33 {P} 13:1-10 {P} 13:11-20a {P} 13:20b-32 {P} 13:33-34 {P} 14:1-4 {P} 14:5-20 {P} 14:21-24 {P} 14:25-31 {P} 15:1-8 {P} 15:9-14 {S} 15:15-24 {P} 15:25-32 {P} 15:33-34 {S} 16:1-7 {P} 16:8-14 {P} 16:15-20 {P} 16:21-22 {P} 16:23-28 {P} 16:29-34 {S} 17:1 {S} 17:2-7 {S} 17:8-16 {P} 17:17-24 {P} 18:1-14 {S} 18:15-46;19:1-14 {S} 19:15-21 {P} 20:1-22 {P} 20:23-25 {P} 20:26-34 {S} 20:35-43 {P} 21:1-16 {P} 21:17-26 {P} 21:27 {P} 20:28-29;22;1 {P} 22:2-18 {S} 22:19-40 {P} 22:41-51 {S} 22:52-54;1:1-2 2Kings {S} 1:3-14 {S} 1:15-17a {P} 1:17b {S} 1:18 {P} 2:1-18 {S} 2:19-22 {P} 2:23-25 {P} 3:1-3 {P} 3:4-10 {S} 3:11-27 {P} 4:1-7 {P} 4:8-37 {P} 4:38-41 {S} 4:42-44 {P} 5:1-19 {S} 5:20-27;6:1-7 {P} 6:8-23 {P} 6:24-33 {P} 7:1-2 {P} 7:3-20 {S} 8:1-4 {S} 8:5-6 {P} 8:7-15 {P} 8:16-24 {P} 8:25-29 {P} 9:1-28 {P} 9:29-37 {S} 10:1-14 {S} 10:15-17 {P} 10:18-29 {P} 10:30-36 {P} 11:1-3 {P} 11:4-12 {S} 11:13-16 {S} 11:17-20 {S} 12:1 {P} 12:2-6 {P} 12:7-17 {P} 12:18-22 {P} 13:1-9 {P} 13:10-13 {P} 13:14-19 {P} 13:20-21 {P} 13:22-25 {P} 14:1-7 {P} 14:8-16 {P} 14:17-22 {P*} 14:23-29 {P*} 15:1-7 {P*} 15:8-12 {P*} 15:13-16 {P*} 15:17-22 {P*} 15:23-26 {P*} 15:27-31 {P*} 15:32-38 {P*} 16:1-20 {P*} 17:1-6 {P*} 17:7-23 {P*} 17:24-41 {P*} 18:1-8 {P*} 18:9-12 {P*} 18:13-16 {P} 18:17-37;19:1-14 {P} 19:15-19 {S} 19:20-31 {S} 19:32-37 {P} 20:1-3 {S} 20:4-11 {P} 20:12-21 {P} 21:1-11 {S} 21:12-18 {P} 21:19-26 {P} 22:1-2 {P} 22:3-20;23:1-30 {P} 23:31-35 {S} 23:36-37;24:1-7 {P} 24:8-17 {P} 24:18-20 {S} 25:1-7 {S} 25:8-24 {P} 25:25-26 {P} 25:27-30

Isaiah

Prophecies about Judah and Israel (1-12): 1:1-9 {P} 1:10-17 {S} 1:18-20 {P} 1:21-23 {S} 1:24-31 {P} 2:1-4 {P} 2:5-11 {P} 2:12-22 {P} 3:1-12 {P} 3:13-15 {S} 3:16-17 {S} 3:18-26;4:1 {S} 4:2-6 {P} 5:1-6 {P} 5:8-10 {S} 5:11-17 {S} 5:18-19 {S} 5:20 {S} 5:21 {S} 5:22-23 {P} 5:24-30 {P} 6:1-13 {P} 7:1-2 {S} 7:3-6 {P} 7:7-9 {P} 7:10-17 {P} 7:18-20 {P} 7:21-22 {S} 7:23-25 {P} 8:1-3a {S} 8:3b-4 ויאמר ה' אלי {S} 8:5-8 {S} 8:9-10 {S} 8:11-15 {P} 8:16-18 {S} 8:19-23;9:1-6 {P} 9:7-12 {S} 9:13-20 {S} 10:1-4 {P} 10:5-11 {P} 10:12-15 {P} 10:16-19 {S} 10:20-23 {P} 10:24-32 {P} 10:33-34 {S} 11:1-9 {S} 11:10 {P} 11:11-16;12:1-6
Prophecies about the Nations (13-23): {S} 13:1-5 {S} 13:6-22;14:1-2 {S} 14:3-27 {P} 14:28-32 {P} 15:1-9;16:1-4 {S} 16:5-12 {S} 16:13-14 {P} 17:1-3 {P} 17:4-8 {S} 17:9-11 {S} 17:12-14 {P} 18:1-3 {S} 18:4-6 {S} 18:7 {S} 19:1-17 {S} 19:18 {S} 18:19-22 {S} 18:23 {S} 18:24-25 {S} 20:1-2 {S} 20:3-6 {P} 21:1-5 {S} 21:6-10 {P} 21:11-12 {P} 21:13-15 {S} 21:16-17 {S} 22:1-14 {P} 22:15-25 {P} 23:1-14 {S} 23:15-18
Prophecies about Judah and Israel (24-35): {P} 24:1-15 {S} 24:16-20 {S} 24:21-23 {P} 25:1-5 {P} 25:6-8 {P} 25:9-12 {S} 26:1-10 {P} 26:11 {S} 26:12 {S} 26:13-15 {P} 26:16-19 {P} 26:20-21 {P} 27:1 {S} 27:2-6 {P} 27:7-11 {P} 27:12 {P} 27:13 {P} 28:1-4 {S} 28:5-6 {S} 28:7-8 {P} 28:9-13 {P} 28:14-15 {P} 28:16-17 {S} 28:18-22 {P} 28:23-29 {P} 29:1-8 {P} 29:9-12 {S} 29:13-14 {S} 29:15-21 {P} 29:22-24 {S} 30:1-5 {S} 30:6-11 {S} 30:12-14 {S} 30:15-18 {P} 30:19-26 {P} 30:27-33 {P} 31:1-3 {S} 31:4-9 {P} 32:1-8 {S} 32:9-20 {S} 33:1 {S} 33:2-6 {P} 33:7-9 {S} 33:10-12 {P} 33:13-24 {S} 34:1-17 {S} 35:1-2 {P} 35:3-10
Narrative (36-39): {S} 36:1-10 {S} 36:11-16a {P} 36:16b-22 כי כה אמר {S} 37:1-14 {S} 37:15-32 {S} 37:33-35 {S} 37:36-38 {S} 38:1-3 {S} 38:4-8 {S} 38:9-22 {S} 39:1-2 {S} 39:3-8
Consolations (40-66): {P} 40:1-2 {S} 40:3-5 {P} 40:6-8 {S} 40:9-11 {S} 40:12-16 {P} 40:17-20 {S} 40:21-24 {S} 40:25-26 {S} 40:27-31 {S} 41:1-7 {S} 41:8-13 {S} 41:14-16 {S} 41:17-20 {P} 41:21-24 {P} 41:25-29 {P} 42:1-4 {P} 42:5-9 {P} 42:10-13 {S} 42:14-17 {P} 42:18-25;43:1-10 {S} 43:11-13 {S} 43:14-15 {S} 43:16-21 {S} 43:22-28 {P} 44:1-5 {P} 44:6-20 {S} 44:21-23 {S} 44:4-28 {P} 45:1-7 {P} 45:8 {S} 45:9 {S} 45:10 {S} 45:11-13 {S} 45:14-17 {P} 45:18-25;46:1-2 {P} 46:3-4 {S} 46:5-7 {S} 46:8-11 {S} 46:12-13 {S} 47:1-3 {P} 47:4-7 {P} 47:8-15 {S} 48:1-2 {S} 48:3-11 {P} 48:12-16 {P} 48:17-19 {S} 48:20-22 {P} 49:1-4 {S} 49:5-6 {S} 49:7 {S} 49:8-13 {S} 49:14-21 {P} 49:22-23 {S} 29:24 {S} 49:25-26 {S} 50:1-3 {P} 50:4-9 {S} 50:10 {S} 50:11 {S} 51:1-3 {S} 51:4-6 {P} 51:7-8 {S} 51:9-11 {S} 51:12-16 {S} 51:17-21 {P} 51:22-23 {P} 52:1-2 {S} 52:3 {S} 52:4-6 {S} 52:7-10 {S} 52:11-12 {S} 52:13-15 {S} 53:1-12 {P} 54:1-8 {S} 54:9-10 {S} 54:11-17 {S} 55:1-5 {S} 55:6-13 {P} 56:1-2 {S} 56:3 {P} 56:4-5 v{S} 56:6-9 {P} 56:1012;57:1-2 {S} 57:3-14 {S} 57:15-21 {P} 58:1-14 {P} 59:1-14 {S} 59:15-21 {S} 60:1-22 {S} 61:1-9 {P} 61:10-11;62:1-9 {S} 62:10-12 {S} 63:1-6 {S} 63:7-19;64:1-2 64:3-11 {P} 65:1-7 {S} 65:8-12 {P} 65:13-25 {S} 66:1-4 {S} 66:5-9 {S} 66:12-14 {S} 66:15-24

Jeremiah

Jeremiah is divided into distinct prophecies, each of which begins with an announcement of "the word of the Lord to Jeremiah" or a similar phrase. Each such prophecy begins a new open parashah {P} in the Aleppo Codex, with the single exception of the sixth prophecy (14:1) that begins with a closed parashah {S}.

The Aleppo codex is missing two folios from Jeremiah, and the folio following them is also partly torn. The missing text included parts of chapters 29-32. Parashot listed from the missing parts are based upon Kimhi's notes on the codex and marked with an asterisk (*).

Prophecies of Destruction (1-25):

First prophecy (1): 1:1-3 {P} 1:4-6 {S} 1:7-10 {P} 1:11-12 {S} 1:13-19
Second prophecy (2:1-3:5): {P} 2:1-3 {P} 2:4-28 {S} 2:29-37;3:1-5
Third prophecy (3:6-6:30): {P} 3:6-10 {S} 3:11-17 {S} 3:18-25 {S} 4:1-2 {S} 4:3-8 {P} 4:9 {S} 4:10-18 {P} 4:19-21 {P} 4:22-31 {S} 5:1-9 {S} 5:10-13 {S} 5:14-19 {P} 5:20-29 {S} 5:30-31;6:1-5 {P} 6:6-8 {P} 6:9-15 {S} 6:16-21 {P} 6:22-30
Fourth prophecy (7-10): {P} 7:1-2 {S} 7:3-15 {P} 7:16-20 {P} 7:21-28 {S} 7:29-31 {P} 7:32-34;8:1-3 {S} 8:4-12 {P}8:13-16 {P} 8:17 {S} 8:18-22 {S} 8:23 {S} 9:1-5 {S} 9:6-8 {S} 9:9-10 {S} 9:11 {S} 9:12-13 {P} 9:14-15 {P} 9:16-18 {S} 9:19-21 {S} 9:22-23 {S} 9:24-25 {P} 10:1-5 {P} 10:6-10 {P} 10:11 {S} 10:12-16 {S} 10:17 {S} 10:18 {S} 10:19-21 {P} 10:22 {S} 10:23-25
Fifth prophecy (11-13): {P} 11:1-5 {P} 11:6-8 {S} 11:9-10 {S} 11:11-13 {S} 11:14 {S} 11:15-17 {P} 11:18-20 {S} 11:21 {P} 11:22-23 {S} 12:1-3 {P} 12:4-6 {S} 12:7-12 {S} 12:13 {P} 12:14-17 {S} 13:1-2 {P} 13:3-7 {P} 13:8-10 {S} 13:11-12a {S} 13:12b-17 כה אמר {S} 13:18-19 {S} 13:20-27
Sixth prophecy (14-17): {S} 14:1-9 {S} 14:10 {P} 14:11-12 {S} 14:13 {S} 14:14 {S} 14:15-18 {S} 14:19-22 {P} 15:1-9 {S} 15:10 {S} 15:11-14 {S} 15:15-16 {S} 15:17-18 {S} 15:19-21 {S} 16:1-2 {S} 16:3-4 {S} 16:5-8 {P} 16:9-13 {P} 16:14-5 {P} 16:16-18 {P} 16:19-21 {S} 17:1-4 {S} 17:5-6 {S} 17:7-10 {S} 17:11-13 {P} 17:14-18 {S} 17:19-27
Seventh prophecy (18-20): {P} 18:1-4 {S} 18:5-6 {S} 18:7-8 {S} 18:9-10 {S} 18:11-12 {P} 18:13-17 {S} 18:18-23 {S} 19:1-5 {P} 19:6-13 {P} 19:14 {S} 19:15;20:1-3 {S} 20:4-6 {P} 20:7-12 {S} 20:13 {S} 20:14-18
Eighth prophecy (21-24): {P} 21:1-3 {S} 21:1-3 {S} 21:4-10 {S} 21:11-14;22:1-5 {P} 22:6-9 {S} 22:10-12 {S} 22:13-17 {S} 22:18-19 {S} 22:20-27 {P} 22:28-30 {P} 23:1 {S} 23:2-4 {S} 23:5-6 {P} 23:7-8 {P} 23:9-14 {P} 23:15 {P} 23:16-22 {S} 23:23-29 {S} 23:30-40 {P} 24:1-2 {P} 24:3 {P} 24:4-7 {S} 24:8-10
Ninth prophecy (25): {P} 25:1-7 {P} 25:8-14 {P} 25:15-27a {P} 25:27b-31 כה אמר {S} 25:32-38

Prophecies interwoven with narratives about the prophet's life (26-45):

Tenth prophecy (26-29): {P} 26:1-6 {P} 26:7-10 {S} 26:11-15 {S} 26:16-24 {P} 27:1-22 {P} 28:1-11 {P} 28:12-17 {P} 29:1-9 {P*} 29:10-15 {S*} 29:16 {S*} 29:17-20 {P*} 29:21-23 {S*} 29:24-29 {P*} 29:30-32
Consolations (30-33):
- Eleventh prophecy (30-31): {P*} 30:1-3 {P*} 30:4-9 {S*} 30:10-11 {S*} 30:12-17 {S*} 30:18-22 {S*} 30:23-25 {S*} 31:1-5 {P*} 31:6-8 {P*} 31:9-13 {P*} 31:14 {S*} 31:15-19 {S*} 31:20-21 {P*} 31:22-25 {S*} 31:26-29 {S*} 31:30-33 {S*} 31:34-35 {S} 31:36 {S} 31:37-39
- Twelfth prophecy (32-33): {P} 32:1-5 {P} 32:6-14 {S*} 32:15 {P*} 32:16-25 {S} 32:26-35 {S} 32:36-41 {S} 32:42-44 {P} 33:1-3 {P} 33:4-9 {S} 33:10-11 {S} 33:12-13 {S} 33:14-16 {S} 33:17-18 {P} 33:19-22 {S} 33:23-24 {S} 33:25-26
Thirteenth prophecy (34): {P} 34:1-5 {S} 34:6-7 {P} 34:8-11 {P} 34:12-16 {S} 34:17-22
Fourteenth prophecy (35): {P} 35:1-11 {P} 35:12-19
Fifteenth prophecy (36-39): {P} 36:1-3 {S} 36:4-8 {P} 36:9-18 {S} 36:19-26 {S} 36:27-29 {S} 36:30-32 {P} 37:1-5 {P} 37:6-8 {P} 37:9-11 {S} 37:12-21;38:1-2 {S} 38:3-6 {S} 38:7-13 {S} 38:14-16 {S} 38:17a {S} 38:17b-18 כה אמר {S} 38:19-23 {S} 38:24-26 {P} 38:27-28a {S} 38:28b;39:1-14 והיה כאשר {S} 29:15-18
Sixteenth prophecy (40-45): {P} 40:1-6 {P} 40:7-12 {S} 40:13-16 {P} 41:1-10 {S} 41:11-15 {S} 41:16-18 {P} 42:1-6 {P} 42:7-22 {S} 43:1 {S} 43:2-7 {S} 43:8-13 {P} 44:1-6 {S} 44:7-10 {S} 44:11-14 {P} 44:15-19 {S} 44:20-23 {S} 44:24-25 {S} 44:26-29 {P} 44:30 {S} 45:1-5

Prophecies against the nations (46-51):

Against the nations (46-49): {P} 46:1-12 {P} 46:13-19 {S} 46:20-26 {P} 46:27-28 {P} 47:1-7 {P} 48:1-11 {S} 48:12-39 {S} 48:40-47 {S} 49:1-6 {P} 49:7-11 {S} 49:12-19 {S} 49:20-22 {P} 49:23-27 {P} 49:28-33 {S} 49:34-39
Against Babylon (50-51): {P} 50:1-7 {S} 50:8-16 {S} 50:17 {P} 50:18-20 {P} 50:21 {S} 50:22-27 {S} 50:28-30 {P} 50:31-32 {S} 50:33-46 {S} 51:1-10 {S} 51:11-14 {S} 51:15-19 {P} 51:20-24 {S} 51:25-32 {S} 51:33-35 {S} 51:36-51 {P} 51:52-53 {S} 51:54-57 {S} 51:58 {S} 51:59-64

Narrative (52):

Destruction and Hope (52): {P} 52:1-23 {S} 52:24-27 {S} 52:28-30 {S} 52:31-34

Ezekiel

Prophecies before the Fall of Jerusalem (1-24): 1:1-28 {P} 2:1-2 {P} 2:3-5 {P} 2:6-7 {P} 2:8-10 {S} 3:1-3 {P} 3:4-9 {P} 3:10-16a {P} 3:16b-21ויהי דבר {P} 3:22-27 {P} 4:1-3 {P} 4:4-12 {S} 4:13-14 {S} 4:15 {S} 4:16-17 {P} 5:1-4 {P} 5:5-6 {S} 5:7-9 {P} 5:10 {S} 5:11-17 {P} 6:1-10 {P} 6:11-14 {P} 7:1-4 {P} 7:5-22 {P} 7:23-27 {P} 8:1-6 {P} 8:7-8 {S} 8:9-14 {S} 8:15-18;9:1-3 {P} 9:4-11 {P} 10:1-22;11:1 {P} 11:2-3 {S} 11:4-6 {P} 11:7-13 {P} 11:14-15 {S} 11:16 {S} 11:17-25 {P} 12:1-7 {P} 12:8-16 {P} 12:17-20 {P} 12:21-25 {P} 12:26-28 {P} 13:1-7 {S} 13:8-12 {S} 13:13-16 {P} 13:17-19 {S} 13:20-23;14:1 {P} 14:2-3 {S} 14:4-5 {S} 14:6-8 {S} 14:9-11 {P} 14:12-20 {P} 14:21-23 {P} 15:1-5 {S} 15:6-8 {P} 16:1-35 {P} 16:36-50 {S} 16:51-58 {S} 16:59-63 {P} 17:1-10 {P} 17:11-18 {S} 17:19-21 {P} 17:22-24 {P} 18:1-20 {S} 18:21-23 {S} 18:24-26 {S} 18:27-32 {P} 19:1-9 {P} 19:10-14 {P} 20:1 {S} 20:2-26 {S} 20:27-29 {S} 20:30-31a {S} 20:31b-44 ואני אדרש {P} 21:1-5 {P} 21:6-10 {S} 21:11-12 {P} 21:13-18 {P} 21:19-22 {P} 21:23-28 {S} 21:29 {P} 21:30 {S} 21:31-32 {P} 21:33-26 {P} 22:1-16 {P} 22:17-18 {S} 22:19-22 {P} 22:23-31 {P} 23:1-10 {S} 23:11-21 {S} 23:22-27 {P} 23:28-31 {S} 24:32-34 {S} 23:35 {S} 23:36-45 {S} 23:46-49 {P} 24:1-5 {S} 24:6-8 {P} 24:9-14 {P} 24:15-24 {S} 24:25-27
Prophecies about the Nations (25-32): {P} 25:1-5 {P} 25:6-7 {P} 25:8-11 {P} 25:12-17 {P} 26:1-6 {P} 26:7-14 {S} 26:15-18 {S} 26:19-21 {P} 27:1-3 {S} 27:4-36 {P} 28:1-5 {S} 28:6-10 {P} 28:11-19 {P} 28:20-24 {P} 28:25-26 {P} 29:1-7 {S} 29:8-12 {S} 29:13-16 {P} 29:17-18 {S} 29:19-21 {P} 30:1-5 {P} 30:6-9 {S} 30:10-12 {S} 30:13-19 {P} 30:20-21 {S} 30:22-26 {P} 31:1-9 {P} {P} 31:10-14 {P} 31:15-18 32:-1-2 {S} 32:3-10 {P} 32:11-16 {P} 32:17-32
Prophecies after the Fall of Jerusalem (33-39): {P} 33:1-6 {P} 33:7-9 {P} 33:10-11 {P} 33:12-20 {P} 33:21-22 {P} 33:23-24 {S} 33:25-26 {S} 33:27-29 {P} 33:30-33 {P} 34:1-10 {S} 34:11-19 {P} 34:20-31 {P} 35:1-10 {S} 35:11-13 {S} 35:14-15 {P} 36:1-12 {S} 36:13-15 {P} 36:16-21 {P} 36:22-32 {S} 36:33-36 {S} 36:37-38 {P} 37:1-9a {S} 37:9b-14 כה אמר {P} 37:15-28 {P} 38:1-9 {S} 38:10-13 {S} 38:14-16 {S} 38:17 {S} 38:18-23 {S} 39:1-10 {S} 39:11-16 {P} 39:17-24 {S} 39:25-29
Visions of the Future Jerusalem (40-48): {P} 40:1-49;41:1-26;42:1-20;43:1-9 (the future Temple) {S} 43:10-27a {S} 43:27b והיה ביום השמיני {S} 44:1-8 {S} 44:9-14 {P} 44:15-31 {P} 45:1-8 {P} 45:9-15 {P} 45:16-17 {S} 45:18-25 {S} 46:1-5 {S} 46:6-11 {P} 46:12-15 {S} 46:16 {S} 46:17-24;47:1-12 {P} 47:13-23 {P} 48:1-29 {S} 48:30-35

Twelve Minor Prophets

The Aleppo Codex leaves four empty lines between each of the books of the Twelve Minor Prophets

Minor prophet

Minor prophets is a book of the Hebrew Bible, so named because it contains twelve shorter prophetic works. In Christian Bibles the twelve are presented as individual books...

. The Leningrad Codex

Leningrad Codex

The Leningrad Codex is the oldest complete manuscript of the Hebrew Bible in Hebrew, using the masoretic text and Tiberian vocalization. It is dated AD 1008 according to its colophon...

leaves three lines. Parashot within each of the twelve individual books are listed below.

The Aleppo Codex is missing seven folios from two different sections of the Twelve Minor Prophets. Parashot listed from the missing sections are based upon Kimhi's notes on the codex and marked with an asterisk (*). The two sections are: (a) three missing folios that included Amos 8:13 to the end, Obadiah, Jonah, Micah until 5:1 (מקדם); (b) four missing folios that included Zephaniah 3:10 (הארץ) to the end, Haggai, Zechariah until 9:17 (דגן).

Hosea: 1:1-2a {P} 1:2b-9 {P} 2:1-15 {S} 2:16-2 {P} 2:23-25 {P} 3:1-5 {P} 4:1-19 {P} 5:1-7 {S} 5:8-15;6:1-11 {P} 7:1-12 {S} 7:13-16;8:1-14 {P} 9:1-9 {P} 9:10-17 {S} 10:1-8 {P} 10:9-15;11:1-11 {S} 12:1-15;13:1-11 {P} 13:12-15;14:1 {P} 14:2-10
Joel: 1:1-12 {S} 1:13-20 {S} 2:1-14 {P} 2:15-27 {P} 3:1-5;4:1-8 {P} 4:9-17 {S} 4:18-21
Amos:
- Three and four transgressions: 1:1-2 {P} 1:3-5 {P} 1:6-8 {P} 1:9-10 {P} 1:11-12 {P} 1:13-15 {P} 2:1-2 {P} 2:4-5 {P} 2:6-16
- {P} 3:1-10 {P} 3:11-15 {S} 4:1-9 {S} 4:10-13 {P} 5:1-15 {S} 5:16-17 {P} 5:18-27 {P} 6:1-10 {S} 6:11-14 {P} 7:1-6 {P} 7:7-9 {S} 7:10-11 {S} 7:12-17 {P} 8:1-3 {P} 8:4-8 {P} 8:9-10 {P} 8:11-14 {P*} 9:1-6 {P*} 9:7-12 {P*} 9:13-15
Obadiah: There are no parashah divisions in the 21 verses of Obadiah (1:1-21).
Jonah: 1:1-16;2:1-10 {P*} 2:11 {S*} 3:1-10;4:1-3 {P*} 4:4-11
Micah: 1:1-16 {S*} 2:1-2 {S*} 2:3-13 {P*} 3:1-4 {P*} 3:5-8 {P*} 3:9-12 {P*} 4:1-5 {P*} 4:6-7 {P*} 4:8-14 {S*} 5:1-5 {P*} 5:6 {P} 5:7-14 {P} 6:1-8 {S} 6:9-16 {P} 7:1-8 {P} 7:9-13 {P} 7:14-20
Nahum: 1:1-11 {S} 1:12-14 {P} 2:1-14 {P} 3:1-19
Habakkuk: 1:1-17 {S} 2:1-4 {S} 2:5-8 {P} 2:9-11 {P} 2:12-14 {P} 2:15-18 {S} 2:19-20 {S} 3:1-13 {P} 3:14-19
Zephaniah: 1:1-11 {S} 1:12-18 {S} 2:1-4 {S} 2:5-15 {P} 3:1-13 {P*} 3:14-15 {P*} 3:16-20
Haggai: 1:1-2 {P*} 1:3-6 {P*} 1:7-11 {P*} 1:12-14 {P*} 1:15;2:1-5 {P*} 2:6-9 {P*} 2:10-19 {P*} 2:20-23
Zechariah: 1:1-6 {P*} 1:7-17 {P*} 2:1-2 {P*} 2:3-4 {S*} 2:5-9 {P*} 2:10-11 {P*} 2:12-13 {S*} 2:14-17 {P*} 3:1-10;4:1-7 {P*} 4:8-14;5:1-8 {S*} 5:9-11 {P*} 6:1-8 {P*} 6:9-15 {P*} 7:1-3 {S*} 7:4-7 {P*} 7:8-14 {P*} 8:1-5 {P*} 8:6 {P*} 8:7-8 {P*} 8:9-13 {S*} 8:14-17 {P*} 8:18-19 {P*} 8:20-22 {S*} 8:23 {P*} 9:1-8 {S*} 9:9-17;10:1-2 {P} 10:3-12 {P} 11:1-3 {P} 11:4-11 {S} 11:12-14 {P} 11:15-17 {P} 12:1-14;13:1-6 {P} 13:7-9 {P} 14:1-11 14:12-21
Malachi: 1:1-13 {S} 1:14;2:1-9 {P} 2:10-12 {P} 2:13-16 {P} 2:17;3:1-12 {P} 3:13-18 {P} 3:19-21 {S} 3:22-24

Poetic layout of Psalms, Proverbs and Job

The three poetic

Biblical poetry

The ancient Hebrews perceived that there were poetical portions in their sacred texts, as shown by their entitling as songs or chants such passages as Exodus 15:1-19 and Numbers 21:17-20; and a song or chant is, according to the primary meaning of the term, poetry.- Rhyme :It is often stated that...

books of Psalms, Proverbs and Job are collectively known as Sifrei Emet (see the article on Ketuvim

Ketuvim

). These three books share a unique system of cantillation

Cantillation

Cantillation is the ritual chanting of readings from the Hebrew Bible in synagogue services. The chants are written and notated in accordance with the special signs or marks printed in the Masoretic text of the Hebrew Bible to complement the letters and vowel points...

unlike that of the other 21 books in Tanakh

Tanakh

, a system designed to highlight the parallelism

Parallelism

Parallelism may refer to:* Angle of parallelism, the angle at one vertex of a right hyperbolic triangle that has two hyperparallel sides* Conscious parallelism, price-fixing between competitors in an oligopoly that occurs without an actual spoken agreement between the parties* Parallel computing,...

s in their verses.

In the Tiberian masoretic codices, the unique system of cantillation for Sifrei Emet is complemented by a scribal layout unlike that of the rest of the Bible: Instead of the three narrow columns per page typical of these codices, Sifrei Emet are written in two wide columns per page. In each line of these wide columns text begins on the right, followed by a gap, and then continued by further text until the left margin of the column. Although there is ample evidence that the scribes attempted to place the gaps in the middle of the lines at the points where the cantillation divides the verses, they often did not succeed in doing so because of space limitations. Modern editions based upon the Aleppo Codex have implemented the idea fully by allowing wide full-page columns for Psalms, Proverbs, and Job.

In poetic layout, parashah divisions are typically indicated by a blank line for an open parashah. The gaps in the middle of lines are not considered parashah divisions, and each scribe formatted the verses as he saw fit for aesthetic and practical reasons. An exception to this rule, however, is for the introductory titles of many individual psalms which are followed by formal parashah breaks, often by continuing the text at the beginning of the next line. These formal breaks will be indicated in the list of parashot for Psalms.

The special poetic cantillation and layout are not implemented for the narrative opening and conclusion of the book of Job (1:1-3:1 and 42:7-17).

Parashot in Ketuvim

Ketuvim

are listed here according to the Aleppo codex

Aleppo Codex

, with variants from other masoretic traditions noted at the end of each book's section. The books of Ketuvim

Ketuvim

are presented in the order they appear in most printed Hebrew bibles. In Tiberian and early Sephardic masoretic codices (such as the Aleppo Codex) the order is as follows: Chronicles, Psalms, Job, Proverbs, Ruth, Song of Songs, Ecclesiastes, Lamentations, Esther, Daniel, Ezra-Nehemiah.

The Aleppo codex is largely intact until the word ציון ("Zion") in Song of Songs 3:11. It is missing the rest of Song of Songs, as well as the final books of Ketuvim in their entirety: Ecclesiastes, Lamentations, Esther, Daniel and Ezra-Nehemiah. It is also missing two folios which included about 10 psalms (15:1-25:1). Parashot listed here from its missing parts are according to the notes taken by Joshua Kimhi, who recorded the parashot of the Aleppo codex for Rabbi Shalom Shachna Yellin in the nineteenth century. These are indicated by an asterisk. For some of the books that are largely or completely missing, charts have been provided below to allow for easy comparison of the parallel data found in the masoretic manuscripts.

Key to symbols for variants:

A = Aleppo Codex
Aleppo Codex
The Aleppo Codex is a medieval bound manuscript of the Hebrew Bible. The codex was written in the 10th century A.D.The codex has long been considered to be the most authoritative document in the masorah , the tradition by which the Hebrew Scriptures have been preserved from generation to generation...

.
A* = Aleppo Codex
Aleppo Codex
The Aleppo Codex is a medieval bound manuscript of the Hebrew Bible. The codex was written in the 10th century A.D.The codex has long been considered to be the most authoritative document in the masorah , the tradition by which the Hebrew Scriptures have been preserved from generation to generation...

(parashot in the lost parts based on Kimhi's notes).
L = Leningrad Codex
Leningrad Codex
The Leningrad Codex is the oldest complete manuscript of the Hebrew Bible in Hebrew, using the masoretic text and Tiberian vocalization. It is dated AD 1008 according to its colophon...

.
Y = Cambridge University Library Add. Ms. 1753 (Yemenite). Yeivin regards this manuscript of Ketuvim as "a second or third hand copy" of a Tiberian manuscript "no less accurate and reliable than the Aleppo Codex."
S1 = Sassoon 1053 (10th century). Yeivin judges this manuscript to be carelessly prepared by comparison with other accurate Tiberian codices.
L34 = EBP. II B 34 of the Russian National Library in St. Petersburg, a carefully prepared manuscript of Ketuvim but with many gaps.
F = Finfer, Pesah. Masoret ha-Torah veha-Nevi'im.
- Ff = Finfer, "few books" (קצת ספרים). If a "few books" say one thing and a "few books" another, these are indicated by Ff1 & Ff2.
- Fo = Finfer, "other books" (שאר ספרים).
- C="Cairo"
- D="Damascus"
- Finfer also sometimes notes a tiqqun.
- {-} Finfer notes that there is no parashah break at this verse.
- (-) Finfer doesn't list this verse at all.

Psalms

The Aleppo Codex leaves two empty lines between the five Books of Psalms (following psalms 41, 72, 89, 106). Otherwise there is one blank line between each two psalms, the standard way of indicating an open parashah break {P} in poetic layout.

There is no break at all, however, between psalms 114-115, which were apparently considered a single psalm by the scribes. Psalm 119, which has sets of eight verses for each letter of the Hebrew alphabet, has an open parashah break (a blank line) between each set of eight verses.

The titles of individual Psalms have formal rules. Symbols for representing these rules are as follows, based on examples:

1 {-} = Psalm 1 has no formal title. The entire psalm is written in regular poetic layout.
3:1a {S/T} = Closed parashah within title verse of psalm. The title of psalm 3 is more than minimal, an entire verse containing more than one hemistich
Hemistich
A hemistich is a half-line of verse, followed and preceded by a caesura, that makes up a single overall prosodic or verse unit. In Classical poetry, the hemistich is generally confined to drama. In Greek tragedy, characters exchanging clipped dialogue to suggest rapidity and drama would speak in...

. There is a closed parashah division after the first hemistich. In masoretic manuscripts, this gap in the middle of the first title verse often closely resembles the poetic layout of the body of the psalm following the title verse.
4:1 {P} = The first full verse of psalm 4 is a title followed by an open parashah break (text of the body of the psalm starts at the beginning of the next line).
11:1a {P} = The beginning of the first verse of psalm 11 is a title, followed by an open parashah break in the middle of the verse (text of the body of the psalm starts at the beginning of the next line). Besides formal titles, this form is also found after the word "halleluyah" at the beginning of a number of psalms (e.g. 106).
15a {S} = A closed parashah division following a title at the beginning of the first verse of the psalm. This is also occasionally found for a full-verse title, e.g. psalm 108:1 {P}.
26 {-/T} The beginning of the first verse is a title, but there is no parashah division.

Book One (Psalms 1-41):

1 {-} · 2 {-} · 3:1a {S/T} · 4:1 {P} · 5:1a {S/T} · 6:1a {S/T} · 7:1a {S/T} · 8:1a {S/T} · 9:1a {S/T} · 10:1 {-} · 11:1a {P} · 12:1 {S/T} · 13:1 {P} · 14:1a {P} · 15:1a {S*} · 16:1a {P*} · 17:1a {P*} · 18:1a {P*} · 19:1 {P*} · 20:1 {P*} · 21:1 {P*} · 22:1a {S/T*} · 23:1a {S*} · 24:1a {P*} · 25:1a {S*} · 26 {-/T} · 27:1a {S} · 28 {-/T} · 29:1a {S} · 30:1 {P} · 31:1 {P} · 32:1a {S} · 33 {-} · 34:1a {S/T} · 35:1a {S} · 36:1 {P} · 37 {-/T} · 38:1 {P} 39:1 {P} · 40:1 {P} · 41:1 {P}

Book Two (Psalms 42-72):

42:1 {P} · 43 {-} · 44:1 {P} 45:1a {S/T} · 46:1a {S/T} · 47:1 {P} · 48:1 {P} · 49:1 {P} · 50:1a {P} · 51:1 {P} · 52:1 {P} · 53:1 {P} · 54:1 {P} · 55:1 {P} · 56:1a {S/T} · 57:1a {S/T} · 58:1 {P} · 59:1a {S/T} · 60:1a {S/T} · 61:1 {P} · 62:1a {S/T} · 63:1a {S/T} · 64:1 {P} · 65:1 {P} · 66:1a {S/T} · 67:1 {P} · 68:1 {P} · 69:1 {P} · 70:1 {S} · 71 {-} · 72:1a {S}

Book Three (Psalms 73-89):

73:1a {S} · 74:1a {S} · 75:1 {P} · 76:1 {P} · 77:1 {P} · 78:1a {P} · 79:1a {P} · 80:1a {S/T} · 81:1 {P} · 82:1a {P} · 83:1 {P} · 84:1 {P} · 85:1 {P} · 86:1a {P} · 87:1a {S/T} · 88:1a {P} 88:1b {S/T} · 89:1 {P}

Book Four (Psalms 90-106):

90:1a {P} · 91 {-} · 92:1 {P} · 93 {-} · 94 {-} · 95 {-} · 96 {-} · 97 {-} · 98 {-/T} · 99:1a {S} (not a title) · 100:1a {S} · 101:1a {S} · 102 {-/T} (first verse is title) · 103 {-/T} · 104 {-} · 105 {-} · 106:1a {P}

Book Five (Psalms 107-150):

107 {-} · 108:1 {S} · 109:1a {P} · 110:1a {P} [...] · 111:1a {P} · 112:1a {P} · 113:1a {P} · 114-115 {-} · 116 {-} · 117 {-} · 118 {-} · 119:1-8 {P} 119:9-16 {P} 119:17-24 {P} 119:25-32 {P} 119:33-40 {P} 119:41-48 {P} 119:49-56 {P} 119:57-64 {P} 119:65-72 {P} 119:73-80 {P} 119:81-88 {P} 119:89-96 {P} 119:97-104 {P} 119:105-112 {P} 119:113-120 {P} 119:121-128 {P} 119:129-136 {P} 119:137-144 {P} 119:145-152 {P} 119:153-160 {P} 119:161-168 {P} 119:169-176 · 120:1a {P} · 121:1a {P} · 122:1a {P} · 123:1a {P} · 124:1a {P} · 125:1a {P} · 126:1a {P} · 127:1a {P} · 128:1a {P} · 129:1a {P} · 130:1a {P} · 131:1a {P} · 132:1a {P} · 133:1a {P} · 134:1a {P} · 135:1a {P} · 136 {-} · 137 {-} · 138 {-/T} 139:1a {P} · 140:1 {P} · 141:1a {P} · 142:1a {P} · 143:1a {P} · 144 {-/T} 145:1a {P} · 146:1a {P} · 147:1a {P} · 148:1a {P} · 149:1a {P} · 150:1a {P}

Proverbs

1:1-7 {P} 1:8-19 {P} 1:20-33 {P} 2:1-22 {P} 3:1-10 {P} 3:11-18 {P} 3:19-35 {P} 4:1-19 {P} 4:20-27 {P} 5:1-6 {P} 5:7-23 {P} 6:1-5 {P} 6:6-11 {P} 6:12-15 {P} 6:16-19 {P} 6:20-26 {P} 6:27-35 {P} 7:1-27 {P} 8:1-31 {P} 8:32-36;9:1-18
Centered title: "The Proverbs of Solomon" 10:1a (10:1b-19:9). There are no parashah divisions following the centered title until 19:10, an unusually large amount of unbroken text (278 verses).
{P} 19:10-29;20:1-30;21:1-30 {P} 21:31;22:1-29 {P} 23:1-5 {P} 23:6-35;24:1-14 {P} 24:15-18 {P} 24:19-22 {P} 24:23-27 {P} 24:28-29 {P} 24:30-34
{P} גם אלה משלי שלמה אשר העתיקו אנשי חזקיה מלך יהודה 25:1-13 {P} 25:14-20 {P} 25:21-28;26;1-21 {P} 26:22-25;27:1-22 {P} 27:23-27;28:1-4 {P} 28:5-10 {P} 28:11-16 {P} 28:17-28;29:1-17 {P} 29:18-27 {P} 30:1-6 דברי אגור בן יקה המשא {P} 30:7-9 {P} 30:10-14 {P} 30:15-17 {P} 30:18-20 {P} 30:21-23 {P} 30:24-28 {P} 30:29-33 {P} 31:1-7 דברי למואל מלך משא אשר יסרתו אמו {P} 31:8-9 {P} 31:10-31 אשת חיל.

Job

I. Narrative Opening (1:1-3:1):

Common layout and regular cantillation
Cantillation
Cantillation is the ritual chanting of readings from the Hebrew Bible in synagogue services. The chants are written and notated in accordance with the special signs or marks printed in the Masoretic text of the Hebrew Bible to complement the letters and vowel points...

: 1:1-5 {P} 1:6-22 {P} 2:1-10 {P} 2:11-13;3:1.

II. Poetic Disputations: The disputations, which constitute the bulk of the book of Job, employ the special poetic layout in common with Psalms and Proverbs, along its associated poetic cantillation

Cantillation

. In Tiberian masoretic codices, the formal title of each individual speech appears in the center of its line, while the body of the reply appears in poetic form (as in Psalms and Proverbs). The break between the title and the body is considered an open parashah, and the verse numbers for these titles appear in bold in the list. Blank lines as open parashot are also used occasionally, and these are noted as {P}.

Main Disputation (3:2-32:1):
- Centered titles: 3:2 (Job 3:3-26)
  - First cycle: 4:1 (Eliphaz 4:2-21;5:1-27), 6:1 (Job 6:2-30;7:1-21), 8:1 (Bildad 8:2-22), 9:1 (Job 9:2-35;10:1-22), 11:1 (Zophar 11:2-20), 12:1 (Job 12:2-25;13:1-28;14:1-22)
  - Second cycle: 15:1 (Eliphaz 15:2-35), 16:1 (Job 16:2-22;17:1-16), 18:1 (Bildad 18:2-21), 19:1 (Job 19:2-29), 20:1 (Zophar 20:2-29), 21:1 (Job 21:2-34), 22:1 (Eliphaz 22:2-30), 23:1 (Job 23:2-17;24:1-25), 25:1 (Bildad 25:2-6), 26:1 (Job I 26:2-14), 27:1 (Job II 27:2-23;28:1-28), 29:1 (Job III 29:2-25;30:1-31;31:1-40).
- Conclusion of the main disputation: {P} 32:1.
Elihu (32:2-37:24):
- Introduction: {P} 32:2-5
- Speech: {P} 32:6-22;33:1-33 (Elihu I). Centered titles: 34:1 (Elihu II 34:2-37), 35:1 (Elihu III 35:2-16), 36:1 (Elihu IV 36:2-33;37:1-24).
God and Job (38:1-42:6):
- God: {P} 38:1-41;39:1-18 {P} 39:19-30.
- God and Job (centered titles): 40:1 (God 40:2), 40:3 (Job 40:4-5).
- God: {P} 40:6-32;41:1-26 {P}.
- Job (centered title): 42:1 (Job 42:2-6).

III. Narrative Conclusion (42:7-17):

Common layout and regular cantillation
Cantillation
Cantillation is the ritual chanting of readings from the Hebrew Bible in synagogue services. The chants are written and notated in accordance with the special signs or marks printed in the Masoretic text of the Hebrew Bible to complement the letters and vowel points...

: {P} 42:7 {S} 42:8-17.

Song of Songs

The Aleppo codex is extant until the word ציון ("Zion") in Song of Songs 3:11. Bibles that show parashot in the Song of Songs based upon the Aleppo Codex (with reconstruction of its missing parts based on Kimhi's notes) include two editions following the Breuer method (Horev and The Jerusalem Crown). The flow of text in such bibles is as follows:

1:1-4 {P} 1:5-8 {P} 1:9-14 {S} 1:15-17;2:1-7 {S} 2:8-13 {S} 2:14 {S} 2:15-17 {S} 3:1-5 {S} 3:6-8 {S} 3:9-11 {S*} 4:1-7 {S*} 4:8-16;5:1 {S*} 5:2-16;6:1-3 {S*} 6:4-9 {S*} 6:10 {S*} 6:11-12;7:1-11 {S*} 7:12-14;8:1-4 {S*} 8:5-7 {S*} 8:8-10 {P*} 8:11-14

The Tiberian masoretic codices are nearly identical in the parts at which they show parashah breaks in the text. However, while A and L have {S} almost exclusively, Y (which is usually very close to A) shows {P} for the large majority of parashot, as shown in the chart below:

Ruth

In the Tiberian masoretic codices, the only parashah found in Ruth is for the short chronology at the end of the book:

{P} 4:18-22 ואלה תולדות פרץ

Variant:

While A, Y, L, and Ff1 all have {P} at 4:18, other traditions noted by Finfer differ: F=(-}, Ff2={S}.

Lamentations

The Aleppo codex lacks Lamentations in its entirety. Parashot listed here are based upon Kimhi's notes on the codex.

First lamentation (1:1-22): {S} between each of the 22 verses and {P} following the last one.
Second lamentation (2:1-22): {S} between each of the 22 verses and {P} following the last one.
Third lamentation (3:1-66): {S} between each of 66 verses and {P} following the last one.
Fourth lamentation (4:1-22): {S} between each of the 22 verses and {P} following the last one.
Fifth lamentation (5:1-22): 5:1-18 {P} 5:19-22

Variants:

In the third lamentation, the Leningrad Codex has {S} between each set of three verses beginning with the same letter.

Ecclesiastes

The Aleppo codex lacks Ecclesiastes in its entirety. Parashot listed here are based upon Kimhi's notes on the codex.

1:1-11 {P*} 1:12-18;2:1-26;3:1
{S*} Song of the Seasons: {SONG*} 3:2-8 {SONG*}
{S*} 3:9

There are no further parashah divisions at all in the rest of the book (3:9-12:14) according to Kimhi's notes on the Aleppo Codex, an unusually large amount of unbroken text (170 verses) that is confirmed by Y. The Leningrad codex has a solitary parashah break: {S} at 9:11. The following chart compares the meager parashah breaks for Ecclesiastes as found in manuscripts:

Esther

The book of Esther is traditionally read by Jews on the holiday of Purim

Purim

Purim is a Jewish holiday that commemorates the deliverance of the Jewish people in the ancient Persian Empire from destruction in the wake of a plot by Haman, a story recorded in the Biblical Book of Esther .Purim is celebrated annually according to the Hebrew calendar on the 14th...

from a handwritten scroll on parchment that must be halakhically valid. This means that the rules of open and closed parashot are of more practical relevance for Esther than for any other book in Nevi'im

Nevi'im

Nevi'im is the second of the three major sections in the Hebrew Bible, the Tanakh. It falls between the Torah and Ketuvim .Nevi'im is traditionally divided into two parts:...

or Ketuvim

Ketuvim

. Despite this—or perhaps because of the large numbers of scrolls of Esther that have been written, and the special attention that has therefore been paid to the problem by rabbis and scribes—manuscripts of Esther and opinions about how they should be written betray a relatively large number of discrepancies regarding the parashah divisions.

In the nineteenth century, Rabbi Shlomo Ganzfried

Shlomo Ganzfried

Shlomo Ganzfried was an Orthodox rabbi and posek best known as author of the work of Halakha , the Kitzur Shulchan Aruch , by which title he is also known.- Biography :Ganzfried was born in the year 1804 in Uzhhorod in the Carpathian region of the...

published a manual for scribes called Keset ha-Sofer, in which he follows the rule that all parashot in Esther are closed {S} (Keset ha-Sofer 28:5). This is currently the dominant tradition for Ashkenazic

Ashkenazi Jews

Ashkenazi Jews, also known as Ashkenazic Jews or Ashkenazim , are the Jews descended from the medieval Jewish communities along the Rhine in Germany from Alsace in the south to the Rhineland in the north. Ashkenaz is the medieval Hebrew name for this region and thus for Germany...

and Sephardic

Sephardi Jews

Sephardi Jews is a general term referring to the descendants of the Jews who lived in the Iberian Peninsula before their expulsion in the Spanish Inquisition. It can also refer to those who use a Sephardic style of liturgy or would otherwise define themselves in terms of the Jewish customs and...

megillot (scrolls of Esther

Book of Esther

The Book of Esther is a book in the Ketuvim , the third section of the Jewish Tanakh and is part of the Christian Old Testament. The Book of Esther or the Megillah is the basis for the Jewish celebration of Purim...

) today. But the Tiberian masoretic codices contain both open and closed portions. Also, Yemenite scribes did not entirely adopt the tradition of closed portions, leaving the divisions in many scrolls of Esther similar to what is found in the masoretic codices.

Ganzfried ruled that a scroll of Esther with open portions is invalid, but added that "some authorities validate" it (Keset ha-Sofer 28:5). When discussing these authorities in his additional notes, Ganzfried cites a list open parashot found in the book Orhot Hayyim, and concludes: "And even though our custom is that all of these are closed, it nevertheless seems that if some or all of these are open one may read from the scroll with a blessing." These have been listed in the chart below under at "OH" under Keset ha-Sofer, and they are very similar to what is found in the Tiberian masoretic codices.
Most printed Jewish bibles, even those based on manuscripts, show the flow of text in Esther according to the widespread tradition based on Keset ha-Sofer (only closed parashot). Such editions include the Koren edition (Jerusalem, 1962), Breuer's first edition (Jerusalem, 1982) and Dotan's editions (which are otherwise based upon the Leningrad Codex). The flow of text in such bibles is as follows:

1:1-8 {S} 1:9-12 {S} 1:13-15 {S} 1:16-22 {S} 2:1-4 {S} 2:5-20 {S} 2:21-23 {S} 3:1-7 {S} 3:8-15 {S} 4:1-17;5:1-14 {S} 6:1-14;7:1-4 {S} 7:5-8 {S} 7:9-10 {S} 8:1-2 {S} 8:3-6 {S} 8:7-14 {S} 8:15-17;9:1-6
{S} Haman's Sons: {SONG} 9:7-9 {SONG}
{S} 9:10-28 {S} 9:29-32 {S} 10:1-3

Bibles that show the parashot in Esther based upon a reconstruction of the Aleppo Codex include two editions following the Breuer method (Horev and The Jerusalem Crown). The flow of text in such bibles is as follows:

1:1-9 {S*} 1:10-15 {P*} 1:16-22 {P*} 2:1-4 {P*} 2:5-10 {S*} 2:11-20 {S*} 2:21-23 {P*} 3:1-7 {S*} 3:8-15 {S*} 4:1-12 {P*} 4:13-17 {S*} 5:1-2 {S*} 5:3-14 {S*} 6:1-14;7:1-4 {S*} 7:5-8 {S*} 7:9-10 {P*} 8:1-2 {S*} 8:3-6 {S*} 8:7-14 {S*} 8:15-17;9:1-6
{S*} Haman's Sons: {SONG*} 9:7-9 {SONG*}
{S*} 9:10-19 {S*} 9:20-28 {S*} 9:29-32 {S*} 10:1-3

Daniel

The Aleppo codex lacks Daniel in its entirety. Parashot listed here are based upon Kimhi's notes on the codex.

1:1-21 {S} 2:1-13 {S} 2:14-16 {S} 2:17-24 {S} 2:25-28 {S} 2:29-30 {S} 2:31-45 {S} 2:46-49 {P} 3:1-18 {P} 3:19-23 {P} 3:24-30 {P} 3:31-33;4:1-25 {P} 4:26-34 {P} 5:1-7 {S} 5:8-12 {P} 5:13-16 {P} 5:17-30 {P} 6:1-6 {S} 6:7-11 {S} 6:12-14 {P} 6:15 {S} 6:16-29
{P} 7:1-14 {P} 7:15-28 {P} 8:1-27 {P} 9:1-27 {S} 10:1-3 {P} 10:4-21 {P} 11:1-45;12:1-3 {P} 12:4-13

Ezra-Nehemiah

The Aleppo codex lacks Ezra-Nehemiah

Ezra-Nehemiah

Ezra-Nehemiah is the combined biblical books of Ezra and Nehemiah - the two were originally one, but were divided by Christians in the 3rd century CE, and in Jewish circles in the 15th century...

in its entirety. Parashot listed here are based upon Kimhi's notes on the codex.

Ezra 1:1-8 {S} 1:9 {S} 1:10-11
People of the province who returned to Jerusalem: {P} 2:1-2 {S} 2:3 {S} 2:4 {S} 2:5 {S} 2:6 {S} 2:7 {S} 2:8 {S} 2:9 {S} 2:10 {S} 2:11 {S} 2:12 {S} 2:13 {S} 2:14 {S} 2:15 {S} 2:16 {S} 2:17 {S} 2:18 {S} 2:19 {S} 2:20 {S} 2:21 {S} 2:22 {S} 2:23 {S} 2:24 {S} 2:25 {S} 2:26 {S} 2:27 {S} 2:28 {S} 2:29 {S} 2:30 {S} 2:31 {S} 2:32 {S} 2:33 {S} 2:34 {S} 2:35 {S} 2:36 {S} 2:37 {S} 2:38 {S} 2:39 {S} 2:40 {S} 2:41 {S} 2:42 {S} 2:43 {S} 2:44 {S} 2:45 {S} 2:46 {S} 2:47 {S} 2:48 {S} 2:49 {S} 2:50 {S} 2:51 {S} 2:52 {S} 2:53 {S} 2:54 {S} 2:55 {S} 2:56 {S} 2:57 {S} 2:58 {S} 2:59 {P} 2:60 {S} 2:61 {S} 2:62-66 {S} 2:67 {P} 2:68-69 {S} 2:70
{S} 3:1a {S} 3:1b {S} 3:2-7 {P} 3:8-9a {S} 3:9b-13 בני חנדד {P} 4:1-6 {S} 4:7 {P} 4:8-11 {P} 4:12 {S} 4:13 {S} 4:14-16 {P} 4:17 {P} 4:18-22 {S} 4:23 {S} 4:24 {P} 5:1 {S} 5:2 {P} 5:3-5 {P} 5:6-7 {S} 5:8-10 {P} 5:11-12 {P} 5:13-15 {P} 5:16-17 {P} 6:1-2 {P} 6:3-4 {S} 6:5 {S} 6:6-12 {P} 6:13-15 {P} 6:16-18 {P} 6:19-22 {P} 7:1-6 {P} 7:7-10 {S} 7:11 {P} 7:12-24 {P} 7:25-26 {P} 7:27-28
Chiefs of the clans: {P} 8:1 {S} 8:2a {S} 8:2b {S} 8:2c {S} 8:3a מבני שכניה {S} 8:3b מבני פרעש {S} 8:4 {S} 8:5 {S} 8:6 {S} 8:7 {S} 8:8 {S} 8:9 {S} 8:10 {S} 8:11 {S} 8:12 {S} 8:13 {S} 8:14
{S} 8:15-18a {S} 8:18b-19 מבני מחלי {S} 8:20-30 {P} 18:31-34 {P} 18:35 {P} 18:36 {S} 9:1-9 {S} 9:10-14 {S} 9:15 {P} 10:1 {P} 10:2-3 {P} 10:4 {P} 10:5-8 {P} 10:9 {P} 10:10-11 {S} 10:12-14 {S} 10:15-17
Priestly families who were found to have foreign women: {P} 10:18-19 {S} 10:20 {S} 10:21 {S} 10:22 {S} 10:23 {S} 10:24 {S} 10:25 {S} 10:26 {S} 10:27 {S} 10:28 {S} 10:29 {S} 10:30 {S} 10:31 {S} 10:32 {S} 10:33 {S} 10:34 {S} 10:35 {S} 10:36 {S} 10:37 {S} 10:38 {S} 10:39 {S} 10:40 {S} 10:41 {S} 10:42 {S} 10:43-44
{P} Nehemiah 1:1-11 {P} 2:1-9 {P} 2:10-18 {P} 2:19-20
Builders: {P} 3:1 {S} 3:2 {S} 3:3 {S} 3:4b {S} 3:4c {S} 3:4a {S} 3:5 {S} 3:6 {S} 3:7 {S} 3:8a {S} 3:8b {S} 3:9 {S} 3:10 {S} 3:11 {S} 3:12 {S} 3:13-14 {S} 3:15 {S} 3:16 {S} 3:17a {S} 3:17b {S} 3:18 {S} 3:19 {S} 3:20 {S} 3:21 {S} 3:22-23a {S} 3:23b {S} 3:24-25 {S} 3:26 {S} 3:27-28 {S} 3:29a {S} 3:29b {S} 3:30a {S} 3:30b {S} 3:31-32
{P} 3:33-35 {P} 3:36-38 {P} 4:1-8 {P} 4:9-17 {P} 5:1-8 {P} 5:9-19 6:1-4 {P} 6:5-7 {P} 6:8-13 {P} 6:14-15 {P} 6:16-19 {P} 7:1-5
People of the province who returned to Jerusalem: {P} 7:6-7 {S} {S} 7:7 {S} 7:8 {S} 7:9 {S} 7:10 {S} 7:11 {S} 7:12 {S} 7:13 {S} 7:14 {S} 7:15 {S} 7:16 {S} 7:17 {S} 7:18 {S} 7:19 {S} 7:20 {S} 7:21 {S} 7:22 {S} 7:23 {S} 7:24 {S} 7:25 {S} 7:26 {S} 7:27 {S} 7:28 {S} 7:29 {S} 7:30 {S} 7:31 {S} 7:32 {S} 7:33 {S} 7:34 {S} 7:35 {S} 7:36 {S} 7:37 {S} 7:38 {P} 7:39 {S} 7:40 {S} 7:41 {S} 7:42 {S} 7:43 {S} 7:44 {S} 7:45 {P} 7:46 {S} 7:47 {S} 7:48 {S} 7:49 {S} 7:50 {S} 7:51 {S} 7:52 {S} 7:53 {S} 7:54 {S} 7:55 {S} 7:56 {S} 7:57 {S} 7:58 {S} 7:59a {S} 7:59b בני פרכת {P} 7:60 {P} 7:61 {S} 7:62 {S} 7:63-67 {S} 7:68-69 {S} 7:70-72a {S} 7:72b;8:1-4 ויגע החדש השביעי {S} 8:5-8 {P} 8:9-12 {P} 8:13-15 {S} 8:16 {S} 8:17-18 {P} 9:1-3 {P} 9:4-37 {P} 10:1-14 {S} 10:15-34 {S} 10:35-40;11:1-2 {P} 11:3-6 {P} 11:7-9 {P} 11:10-14 {S} 11:15-18 {P} 11:19-21 {P} 11:22-36 {P} 12:1-7 {P} 12:8-22 {P} 12:23-26 {P} 12:27-34 {P} 12:35-47 {P} 13:1-9 {P} 13:10-13 {P} 13:14-18 {P} 13:19-21 {P} 13:22 {P} 13:23-30a {P} 13:30b-31 ואעמידה משמרות.

Chronicles

Chronology until David (1 Chronicles 1-10): 1:1-4 {S} 1:5 {S} 1:6 {S} 1:7 {S} 1:8-9 {S} 1:10 {S} 1:11-12 {S} 1:13-16 {S} 1:17 {S} 1:18-23 {S} 1:24-27 {S} 1:28 {S} 1:29-31 {S} 1:32 {S} 1:33 {S} 1:34 {S} 1:35 {S} 1:36 {S} 1:37 {S} 1:38 {S} 1:39 {S} 1:40 {S} 1:41-42 {P} 1:43-51a {P} 1:51b-54 ויהיו אלופי אדום {P} 2:1-2 {P} 2:3 {S} 2:4 {S} 2:5 {S} 2:6 {S} 2:7 {S} 2:8 {S} 2:9-20 {S} 2:21-22 {S} 2:23-24 {S} 2:25-26 {S} 2:27-32 {S} 2:33-41 {S} 2:42-46 {S} 2:47-49 {S} 2:50-53 {S} 2:54-55 {S} 3:1-4 {S} 3:5-9 {P} 3:10-23 {S} 3:24 {S} 4:1-2 {S} 4:3-10 {S} 4:11-12 {S} 4:13-14 {P} 4:15-18 {S} 4:19-23 {S} 4:24-27 {S} 4:28-33a {S} 4:33b-43 זאת מושבתם {P} 5:1-2 {S} 5:3-10 {S} 5:11-13 {S} 5:14-17 {P} 5:18-22 {P} 5:23-26 {P} 5:27-28 {S} 5:29a {S} 5:29b-41 ובני אהרן {P} 6:1-3 {S} 6:4-13 {S} 6:14-15 {P} 6:16-23 {S} 6:24-28 {S} 6:29-32 {S} 6:33-34 {P} 6:35-38 {S} 6:39-41 {S} 6:42-44 {S} 6:45 {S} 6:46 {P} 6:47 {S} 6:48 {S} 6:49-50 {S} 6:51-55 {P} 6:56-58 {S} 6:59-60 {S} 6:61 {S} 6:62-66 {S} 7:1 {S} 7:2 {S} 7:3-5 {S} 7:6-13 {P} 7:14-19 {P} 7:20-29 {P} 7:30-40 {S} 8:1-32 {S} 8:33-40 {P} 9:1 {S} 9:2-4 {S} 9:5-9 {S} 9:10-11 {S} 9:12-34 {S} 9:35-38 {S} 9:39 -44 {P} 10:1-4a {S} 10:4b-5 ויקח שאול {S} 10:6-7 {S} 10:8-10 {S} 10:11-14
King David (1 Chronicles 11-29):
- {P} 11:1-3 {S} 11:4-9 {P} 11:10 {S} 11:11-21 {S} 11:22-25
- David's champions (11:26-47): {S} 11:26a {S} 11:26b אלחנן {S} 11:27a {S} 11:27b חלץ {S} 11:28a {S} 11:28b אביעזר {S} 11:29a {S} 11:29b עילי {S} 11:30a {S} 11:30b חלד {S} 11:31a {S} 11:31b בניה {S} 11:32a {S} 11:32b אביאל {S} 11:33a {S} 11:33b אליחבא {S} 11:34a {S} 11:34b יונתן {S} 11:35a {S} 11:35b אליפל {S} 11:36 {S} 11:37a {S} 11:37b נערי {S} 11:38a {S} 11:38b מבחר {S} 11:39 {S} 11:40a {S} 11:40b גרב {S} 11:41a {S} 11:41b זבד {S} 11:42a {S} 11:42b חנן {S} 11:43 {S} 11:44a {S} 11:44b שמע {S} 11:45 {S} 11:46a {S} 11:46b-47a ויתמה {S} 11:47b ויעשיאל.
- {P} 12:1-5 {S} 12:6-14 {S} 12:15-16 {P} 12:17-18 {S} 12:19 {P} 12:20-23
- David's supporters in Hebron: {P} 12:24 {S} 12:25 {S} 12:26 {S} 12:27 {S} 12:28 {S} 12:29 {S} 12:30 {S} 12:31 {S} 12:32 {S} 12:33 {S} 12:34 {S} 12:35 {S} 12:36 {S} 12:37 {S} 12:38 {S} 12:38-41
- {P} 13:1-14 {S} 14:1-2 {S} 14:3-7 {P} 14:8-12 {P} 14:13-17;15:1-2 {P} 15:3-4 Levites: {S} 15:5 {S} 15:6 {S} 15:7 {S} 15:8 {S} 15:9 {S} 15:10 {P} 15:11 {S} 15:12-15 {P} 15:16 {P} 15:17a {S} 15:17b-25 ומן בני מררי {P} 15:26-29 {P} 16:1-4 {S} 16:5-7
- {P} Song of Assaf: {SONG} 16:8-22 {P} 16:23-36 {SONG}
- {P} 16:37-38 {S} 16:39-43 {P} 17:1-2 {S} 17:3-7a {S} 17:7b-15 כה אמר {P} 17:16-27 18:1-8 {P} 18:9-17 {P} 19:1-5 {S} 19:6-7a {S} 19:7b ובני עמון {S} 19:8-12a {S} 19:12b-15 ואם בני עמון {S} 19:16-19 {S} 20:1-3 {S} 20:4-5 {S} 20:6-8 {P} 21:1-7 {S} 21:8 {P} 21:9-12 {S} 21:13-15 {S} 21:16-17 {S} 21:18-26 {S} 21:27-30 {S} 22:1 {P} 22:2-4 {P} 22:5-6 {S} 22:7-17 {S} 22:18-19 {P} 23:1-5 {S} 23:6 {S} 23:7 {S} 23:8 {S} 23:9 {S} 23:10-11 {S} 23:12 {S} 23:13-14 {S} 23:15-17 {S} 23:18-23 {S} 23:24-32 {P} 24:1-5 {S} 24:6
- {P} 24:7a {S} 24:7b לידעיה {S} 24:8a {S} 24:8b לשערים {S} 24:9a {S} 24:9b למימן {S} 24:10a {S} 24:10b לאביה {S} 24:11a {S} 24:11b לשכניהו {S} 24:12a {S} 24:12b ליקים {S} 24:13a {S} 24:13b לישבאב {S} 24:14a {S} 24:14b לאמר {S} 24:15a {S} 24:15b להפצץ {S} 24:16a {S} 24:16b ליחזקאל {S} 24:17a {S} 24:17b לגמול {S} 24:18a {S} 24:18b למעזיהו.
- {P} 24:19 {P} 24:20 {S} 24:21 {S} 24:22 {S} 24:23 {S} 24:24 {S} 24:25 {S} 24:26 {S} 24:27 {S} 24:28 {S} 24:29 {S} 24:30-31 {S} 25:1-3 {S} 25:4-8 {P} 25:9a {S} 25:9b גדליהו {S} 25:10 {S} 25:11 {S} 25:12 {S} 25:13 {S} 25:14 {S} 25:15 {S} 25:16 {S} 25:17 {S} 25:18 {S} 25:19 {S} 25:20 {S} 25:21 {S} 25:22 {S} 25:23 {S} 25:24 {S} 25:25 {S} 25:26 {S} 25:27 {S} 25:28 {S} 25:29 {S} 25:30 {S} 25:31 {P} 26:1-5 {S} 26:6-13 {P} 26:14-16 {S} 26:17a {S} 26:17b-20 ולאספים {S} 26:21 {S} 26:22 {S} 26:23-24 {S} 26:25-28 {P} 26:29-32 {P} 27:1 {P} 27:2 {S} 27:3 {S} 27:4 {S} 27:5-6 {S} 27:7 {S} 27:8 {S} 27:9 {S} 27:10 {S} 27:11 {S} 27:12 {S} 27:13 {S} 27:14 {S} 27:15 {P} 27:16a {S} 27:16b לשמעוני {S} 27:17 {S} 27:18a {S} 27:18b ליששכר {S} 27:19a {S} 27:19b לנפתלי {S} 27:20 {S} 27:21a {S} 27:16b לבנימן 27:22-24 {S} 27:25a {S} 27:25b ועל האצרות {S} 27:26 {S} 27:27a {S} 27:27b ועל שבכרמים {S} 27:28a {S} 27:28b ועל אצרות השמן {S} 27:29a {S} 27:29b ועל הקבר {S} 27:30a {S} 27:30b ועל האתנות {S} 27:31 {S} 27:32 {S} 27:33 {S} 27:34
- {P} 28:10 {P} 28:11-19 {P} 28:20-21 {S} 29:1-9 {P} 29:10-19 {P} 29:20-25 {P} 29:26-20

King Solomon (2 Chronicles 1-9): {P} 1:1-10 {S} 1:11-13 {P} 1:14-18;2:1 {P} 2:2-9 {S} 2:10-15 {P} 2:16-17;3:1-7 {S} 3:8-13 {S} 3:14 {S} 3:15 {S} 3:16-17 {S} 4:1 {S} 4:2-5 {S} 4:6 {S} 4:7 {S} 4:8 {S} 4:9-18 {S} 4:19-22;5:1a {S} 5:1b ויבא שלמה {P} 5:2-10 {P} 5:11-14 {S} 6:1-13 {P} 6:14a ויאמר {P} 6:14b-23 ה' אלהי ישראל {S} 6:24-25 {P} 6:26-27 {S} 6:28-31 {S} 6:32-40 {S} 6:41-42 {P} 7:1-4 {S} 7:5-6 {S} 7:7-11 {P} 7:12-22 {P} 8:1-9 {P} 8:10-11 {P} 8:12-16 {S} 8:17-18 {P} 9:1-12 {P} 9:13-21 {P} 9:22-24 {S} 9:25-31
The Davidic Dynasty (2 Chronicles 10-36): {P} 10:1-5 {S} 10:6-11 {P} 10:12-16 {S} 10:17-18a {S} 10:18b והמלך רחבעם התאמץ {S} 10:19;11:1 {P} 11:2-4 {P} 11:5-12 {S} 11:13-23;12:1 {P} 12:2-4 {S} 12:5-8 {S} 12:9-12 {S} 12:13-14 {S} 12:15-16 {P} 13:1-3a {S} 13:3b וירבעם {S} 13:4-5 {P} 13:6-9 {S} 13:10-20 {P} 13:21-23 {P} 14:1-6 {P} 14:7a {S} 14:7b-10 ומבנימן {S} 14:11-14 {S} 15:1-2 {S} 15:3-7 {S} 15:8-9 {P} 15:10-19 {P} 16:1-5 {S} 16:6 {S} 16:7-14 {P} 17:1-6 {P} 17:7-11 {P} 17:12-14a {S} 17:14b עדנה השר {S} 17:15 {S} 17:16 {S} 17:17 {S} 17:18 {S} 17:19 {P} 18:1-17 {S} 18:18-22 {S} 18:23-34;19:1 {S} 19:2-11 {P} 20:1-13 {S} 20:14-30 {P} 20:31-37;21:1-3 {P} 21:4-11 {P} 21:12-20;22:1 {P} 22:2-12 {P} 23:1-11 {S} 23:12-13 {S} 23:14-15 {P} 23:16-21;24:1-2 {S} 24:3-14 {P} 24:15-16 {P} 24:17-19 {S} 24:20-22 {P} 24:23-27 {P} 25:1-10 {S} 25:11-13 {P} 25:14-16 {P} 25:17-24 {P} 25:25-28;26:1-2 {P} 26:3-10 {S} 26:11-23 {P} 27:1-9 {P} 28:1-5 {S} 28:6-7 {S} 28:8 {S} 28:9-11 {S} 28:12-13 {S} 28:14-15 {P} 28:16-27 {P} 29:1-11 {P} 29:12a {S} 29:12b-13 ומן הגרשני {S} 29:14a {S} 29:14b-17 ומן בני ידותון {S} 29:18-19 {S} 29:20-26 {P} 29:27-30 {P} 29:31-36 {P} 30:1-9 {S} 30:10-19 {S} 30:20 {S} 30:21 {S} 30:22 {S} 30:23-24a {S} 30:24b-26 והשרים הרימו {S} 30:27 {P} 31:1 {P} 31:2 {S} 31:3-6 {S} 31:7 {S} 31:8 {P} 31:9-10 {S} 31:11-21 {P} 32:1-8 {P} 32:9-19 {S} 32:20 {S} 32:21-23 {P} 32:24-32 {P} 33:1-9 {P} 33:10-20 {P} 33:21-25 {P} 34:1-7 {P} 34:8-11 {S} 34:12-23 {S} 34:24-26a {S} 34:26b-28 כה אמר ה' אלהי ישראל {S} 34:29-33 {S} 35:1-2 {S} 35:3-6 {P} 35:7 {S} 35:8-18 {S} 35:19 {S} 35:20-22 {S} 35:23-24 {S} 35:25-27 {S} 36:1-4 {P} 36:5-8 {P} 36:9-10 {P} 36:11-14 {S} 36:15-17 {S} 36:18-21 {S} 36:22 {S} 36:23

Songs with special layout

In addition to the common "open" and "closed" parashot, the masoretic scribal layout employs spaces in an elaborate way for prominent songs found within narrative books, as well as for certain lists. Each such "song" is formatted in its own exact way, though there are similarities between them. These sections include:

Torah
Torah
Torah- A scroll containing the first five books of the BibleThe Torah , is name given by Jews to the first five books of the bible—Genesis , Exodus , Leviticus , Numbers and Deuteronomy Torah- A scroll containing the first five books of the BibleThe Torah , is name given by Jews to the first five...

Song of the Sea (Exodus 15:1-19)
Song of Moses (Deuteronomy 32)

Nevi'im
Nevi'im
Nevi'im is the second of the three major sections in the Hebrew Bible, the Tanakh. It falls between the Torah and Ketuvim .Nevi'im is traditionally divided into two parts:...

Canaanite Kings (Joshua 12:9-24)
Song of Deborah (Judges 5)
Song of David (II Samuel 22)

Ketuvim
Ketuvim
Ketuvim or Kəṯûḇîm in actual Biblical Hebrew is the third and final section of the Tanak , after Torah and Nevi'im . In English translations of the Hebrew Bible, this section is usually entitled "Writings" or "Hagiographa"...

Song of the Seasons (Ecclesiastes 3:2-8)
Haman's Sons (Esther 9:7-9)
David's Champions (I Chronicles 11:26-47)
Song of Assaf (I Chronicles 16:8-36)

The following sections discuss the layout and formatting of each of these songs in detail.

Haman's Sons (Esther)

Esther 9:7-9 lists Haman's ten sons in three consecutive verses (three names in 7, three in 8, and four in 9). Each name is preceded by the Hebrew particle ואת. The {SONG} format for this list is as follows:

The last word of verse 9:6 (איש) is purposely planned to be the first word in a new line (at the right margin). This word will begin the first line of text in {SONG} format.
The first word of 9:7 (the Hebrew particle ואת) is written at the end of the first line in at the left margin. A large gap is thus left between איש and ואת, which forms a closed parashah division {S}.
In the next ten lines of text, the ten names of the sons of Haman appear one after another in the beginning of each line at the right margin, beneath the word איש, while the word ואת appears at the end of each line text (left margin) until the final line. The 11th and final line of text ends with the first word of 9:10 (עשרת).
There are thus a total of eleven lines of text in {SONG} format, each with a single word at the beginning of the line and a single word at the end. The first (right) column begins with the word איש and the names of Haman's 10 sons follow beneath it. The second (left) column has the word ואת ten times, and in the final row it has the first word of 9:10 (עשרת).

The {SONG} format described here originated in the typically narrow columns of the Tiberian masoretic codices, in which a line of text containing only two words at opposite margins with a gap between them appears similar to a standard closed parashah. However, in many later scrolls the columns are much wider, such that lines with single words at opposite margins create a huge gap in the middle. In many scrolls these eleven lines are written in very large letters so that they form one full column of text in the megillah.

Literature cited

Books and articles cited in the references to this article:

Finfer, Pesah. Masoret ha-Torah veha-Nevi'im. Vilna, 1906 (Hebrew). Online text: DjVu at Commons, (PDF)
Ganzfried, Shlomo
Shlomo Ganzfried
Shlomo Ganzfried was an Orthodox rabbi and posek best known as author of the work of Halakha , the Kitzur Shulchan Aruch , by which title he is also known.- Biography :Ganzfried was born in the year 1804 in Uzhhorod in the Carpathian region of the...

. Keset ha-Sofer. Ungvár (Uzhhorod
Uzhhorod
Uzhhorod or Uzhgorod is a city located in western Ukraine, at the border with Slovakia and near the border with Hungary. It is the administrative center of the Zakarpattia Oblast , as well as the administrative center of the surrounding Uzhhorodskyi Raion within the oblast...

), 1835 (Hebrew). Online text (PDF)
Goshen-Gottstein, Moshe
Moshe Goshen-Gottstein
Moshe Goshen-Gottstein was a German-born professor of Semitic linguistics and biblical philology at the Hebrew University of Jerusalem, and director of the lexicographical institute and Biblical research institute of Bar-Ilan University.-Biography:Moshe Goshen-Gottstein was born in Berlin...

. "The Authenticity of the Aleppo Codex." Textus 1 (1960):17-58.
Goshen-Gottstein, Moshe
Moshe Goshen-Gottstein
Moshe Goshen-Gottstein was a German-born professor of Semitic linguistics and biblical philology at the Hebrew University of Jerusalem, and director of the lexicographical institute and Biblical research institute of Bar-Ilan University.-Biography:Moshe Goshen-Gottstein was born in Berlin...

. "A Recovered Part of the Aleppo Codex." Textus 5 (1966):53-59.
Levy, B. Barry. Fixing God's Torah: The Accuracy of the Hebrew Bible text in Jewish Law. Oxford University Press, 2001.
Ofer, Yosef. "M. D. Cassuto
Umberto Cassuto
Umberto Cassuto, also known as Moshe David Cassuto, , was a rabbi and Biblical scholar born in Florence, Italy. -Early life and career:...

's Notes on the Aleppo Codex." Sefunot 19 (1989):277-344 (Hebrew). Online text (PDF)
Ofer, Yosef. "The Aleppo Codex and the Bible of R. Shalom Shachna Yellin" in Rabbi Mordechai Breuer
Mordechai Breuer
Mordechai Breuer was an Orthodox rabbi. He was one of the world's leading experts on Tanakh , and especially of the text of the Aleppo Codex....

Festschrift: Collected Papers in Jewish Studies, ed. M. Bar-Asher, 1:295-353. Jerusalem, 1992 (Hebrew). Online text (PDF)
Penkower, Jordan S. "Maimonides and the Aleppo Codex." Textus 9 (1981):39-128.
Penkower, Jordan S. New Evidence for the Pentateuch Text in the Aleppo Codex. Bar-Ilan University
Bar-Ilan University
Bar-Ilan University is a university in Ramat Gan of the Tel Aviv District, Israel.Established in 1955, Bar Ilan is now Israel's second-largest academic institution. It has nearly 26,800 students and 1,350 faculty members...

Press: Ramat Gan, 1992 (Hebrew).
Yeivin, Israel. "The Division into Sections in the Book of Psalms." Textus 7 (1969):76-102.
Yeivin, Israel. Introduction to the Tiberian Masorah. Trans. and ed. E. G. Revell. Masoretic Studies 5. Missoula, Montana: Scholars Press, 1980.

Bible editions consulted (based on the Aleppo Codex
Aleppo Codex
The Aleppo Codex is a medieval bound manuscript of the Hebrew Bible. The codex was written in the 10th century A.D.The codex has long been considered to be the most authoritative document in the masorah , the tradition by which the Hebrew Scriptures have been preserved from generation to generation...

):

Mossad Harav Kuk: Jerualem, 1977-1982. Mordechai Breuer
Mordechai Breuer
Mordechai Breuer was an Orthodox rabbi. He was one of the world's leading experts on Tanakh , and especially of the text of the Aleppo Codex....

, ed.
Horev publishers: Jerusalem, 1996-98. Mordechai Breuer
Mordechai Breuer
Mordechai Breuer was an Orthodox rabbi. He was one of the world's leading experts on Tanakh , and especially of the text of the Aleppo Codex....

, ed.
Jerusalem Crown: The Bible of the Hebrew University of Jerusalem. Jerusalem, 2000. Yosef Ofer, ed. (under the guidance of Mordechai Breuer
Mordechai Breuer
Mordechai Breuer was an Orthodox rabbi. He was one of the world's leading experts on Tanakh , and especially of the text of the Aleppo Codex....

).
Jerusalem Simanim Institute (Feldheim Publishers), 2004.
Mikraot Gedolot Haketer, Bar-Ilan University
Bar-Ilan University
Bar-Ilan University is a university in Ramat Gan of the Tel Aviv District, Israel.Established in 1955, Bar Ilan is now Israel's second-largest academic institution. It has nearly 26,800 students and 1,350 faculty members...

Press, 1992–present.
Mechon Mamre, online version.

Bible editions consulted (based on the Leningrad Codex
Leningrad Codex
The Leningrad Codex is the oldest complete manuscript of the Hebrew Bible in Hebrew, using the masoretic text and Tiberian vocalization. It is dated AD 1008 according to its colophon...

):

Biblia Hebraica Stuttgartensia
Biblia Hebraica Stuttgartensia
The Biblia Hebraica Stuttgartensia, or ', is an edition of the Masoretic Text of the Hebrew Bible as preserved in the Leningrad Codex, and supplemented by masoretic and text-critical notes...

. Deutsche Bibelgesellschaft: Stuttgart, 1984.
Adi publishers. Tel Aviv, 1986. Aharon Dotan, ed.
The JPS Hebrew-English Tanakh
New Jewish Publication Society of America Version
The JPS TANAKH, published in 1985, is a modern Jewish translation of Hebrew Scripture into English.This translation emerged from the collaborative efforts of an interdenominational team of Jewish scholars and rabbis working together over a thirty-year period...

. Philadelphia, 1999.
Biblia Hebraica Quinta
Biblia Hebraica Quinta
The Biblia Hebraica Quinta is the fifth edition of the Biblia Hebraica and when complete will supersede the fourth edition, the Biblia Hebraica Stuttgartensia...

: General Introduction and Megilloth. Stuttgart: Deutsche Bibelgesellschaft, 2004 (BHQ).

Bible editions consulted (based on other traditions):

Koren Publishers: Jerusalem, 1962.

External links

Note: Links concerning the Weekly Torah portion do not belong here.

The Aleppo Codex website to view high-resolution images of the parashot and songs as they appear in the extant portions of the codex.
Mechon-Mamre's digital version of the letter-text of the Aleppo Codex showing its parashah divisions.
The Westminster Leningrad Codex records the parashot as they appear in the Leningrad Codex.
Titles for the Parashot in the Torah, by Aryeh Kaplan
Aryeh Kaplan
Aryeh Moshe Eliyahu Kaplan was a noted American Orthodox rabbi and author known for his "intimate knowledge of both physics and kabbalah." He was lauded as an original thinker and prolific writer, from studies of the Torah, Talmud and mysticism to introductory pamphlets on Jewish beliefs and...

The source of this article is wikipedia, the free encyclopedia. The text of this article is licensed under the GFDL.

Purpose of the section divisions

History of the section divisions

Spacing techniques

Validity of Scrolls

Rules and customs for public reading

Parashot in the Torah

Genesis

Exodus

Leviticus

Numbers

Deuteronomy

Parashot in Nevi'im

Joshua

Judges

Samuel

Kings

Isaiah

Jeremiah

Ezekiel

Twelve Minor Prophets

Poetic layout of Psalms, Proverbs and Job

Parashot in Ketuvim

Psalms

Proverbs

Job

Song of Songs

Ruth

Lamentations

Ecclesiastes

Esther

Daniel

Ezra-Nehemiah

Chronicles

Songs with special layout

Haman's Sons (Esther)

See also

Literature cited

External links