Penryn (microprocessor)
Encyclopedia
Penryn is the code name of a processor from Intel that is sold in varying configurations as Core 2 Solo, Core 2 Duo, Core 2 Quad, Pentium and Celeron.
During development, Penryn was the Intel code name for the 2007/2008 "Tick" of Intel's Tick-Tock
cycle which shrunk Merom
to 45 nanometers as CPUID model 23. The term Penryn is sometimes used to refer to all 45 nm chips with the Core architecture.
Chips with Penryn architecture come in two sizes, with 6 MiB and 3 MiB L2 cache.
Low power versions of Penryn are known as the Penryn processor. The smaller version is commonly called Penryn-3M and is used for the single-core processors. The Penryn-QC quad-cores are made from two chips with two cores and 6 MB of cache per chip.
The desktop version of Penryn is Wolfdale
and the dual-socket server version is Wolfdale-DP.
Penryn-QC is related to Yorkfield
on the desktop and Harpertown in servers. The MP server Dunnington chip is a more distant relative based on a different chip but using the same 45 nm Core microarchitecture.
Penryn was replaced by the Nehalem based Arrandale
(dual core) and Clarksfield
(quad core).
process. Many details about Penryn appeared at the April 2007 Intel Developer Forum
.
Important advances include the addition of new instructions including SSE4
(also known as Penryn New Instructions) and new fabrication materials; most significantly a hafnium
-based high-k dielectric
.
Penryn is paired with the 2007 desktop chipset series, Bearlake, some of whose models include an increase in bus performance (connection to the northbridge, etc.) to 1333 MT/s and support for DDR3 SDRAM
. In notebooks and other mobile equipment, Penryn pairs with the mobile chipset series Crestline, which does not support DDR3, although Intel believes future DDR3 support will benefit mobile equipment's power- and heat-constrained environments.
Intel's new 45 nm Penryn-based Core 2 Duo and Core 2 Extreme processors were released on January 6, 2008. The new processors launched exclusively with a TDP of 35 W. HP began to offer the first model, the T9500, from late January 2008. The T9500 offers a 2.6 GHz clock rate, higher than all but the Extreme Edition of the Merom range, and 6 MB (rather than 4 MB) of Level 2 Cache.
Intel released an Apple-only Exxx chip on April 28, 2008 that increased the clock rate to 3.06 GHz as well as increasing the Front Side Bus to 1066 MT/s, and changed the Cache to 6 MB shared L2. While it is used in desktop computers and has an E8xxx name, it uses the same packaging as mobile CPUs and is therefore considered a Penryn and not Wolfdale.
All SL9xxx, SP9xxx, P9xxx, T9xxx and X9xxx processors are Penryn with the full 6 MB L2 cache enabled, while P7xxx, P8xxx and T8xxx can be either Penryn-3M or Penryn with only 3 MB cache enabled. They are indistinguishable by software, but Penryn uses product code 80576.
The entry level Penryn-3M Core 2 processor is the T6xxx series, with 2 MB L2 Cache and begins with the T6400 at a clock rate of 2 GHz.
Other Penryn-3M based processor series are Celeron T3xxx, Pentium T4xxx, as well as most Core 2 Duo SU9xxx, P7xxx, P8xxx, T8xxx processors.
In September 2009, Intel introduced new Consumer Ultra-Low Voltage
processors based on Penryn-3M, as Celeron SU2xxx series, Pentium SU4xxx series and Core 2 Duo SU7xxx series, with 1, 2 and 3 MB of active L2 cache. Like the earlier Core 2 Duo SU9xxx series, they are always soldered on using a BGA956 package and have a TDP of only 10 W.
During development, Penryn was the Intel code name for the 2007/2008 "Tick" of Intel's Tick-Tock
Intel Tick-Tock
"Tick-Tock" is a model, of Jones Farm 5 and adopted by chip manufacturer Intel Corporation since 2007 to follow every microarchitectural change with shrinking of the process technology. Every "tick" is a shrinking of process technology of the previous microarchitecture and every "tock" is a new...
cycle which shrunk Merom
Merom (microprocessor)
Merom is the code name for various Intel processors that are sold as Core 2 Duo, Core 2 Solo, Pentium Dual-Core and Celeron. It was the first mobile processor to be based on the Core microarchitecture, replacing the Enhanced Pentium M based Yonah processor. Merom has product code 80537, which is...
to 45 nanometers as CPUID model 23. The term Penryn is sometimes used to refer to all 45 nm chips with the Core architecture.
Chips with Penryn architecture come in two sizes, with 6 MiB and 3 MiB L2 cache.
Low power versions of Penryn are known as the Penryn processor. The smaller version is commonly called Penryn-3M and is used for the single-core processors. The Penryn-QC quad-cores are made from two chips with two cores and 6 MB of cache per chip.
The desktop version of Penryn is Wolfdale
Wolfdale (microprocessor)
Wolfdale is the code name for a processor from Intel that is sold in varying configurations as Core 2 Duo, Celeron, Pentium and Xeon. In Intel's Tick-Tock cycle, the 2007/2008 "Tick" was Penryn microarchitecture, the shrink of the Core microarchitecture to 45 nanometers as CPUID model 23...
and the dual-socket server version is Wolfdale-DP.
Penryn-QC is related to Yorkfield
Yorkfield (microprocessor)
Yorkfield is the code name for some Intel processors sold as Core 2 Quad and Xeon.In Intel's Tick-Tock cycle, the 2007/2008 "Tick" was Penryn microarchitecture, the shrink of the Core microarchitecture to 45 nanometers as CPUID model 23, replacing Kentsfield, the previous model.Like its...
on the desktop and Harpertown in servers. The MP server Dunnington chip is a more distant relative based on a different chip but using the same 45 nm Core microarchitecture.
Penryn was replaced by the Nehalem based Arrandale
Arrandale (microprocessor)
Arrandale is the code name for a mobile Intel processor, sold as mobile Intel Core i3, i5 and i7 as well as Celeron and Pentium. It is closely related to the desktop Clarkdale processor; both use dual-core dies based on the 32 nm Westmere shrink of the Nehalem microarchitecture and have integrated...
(dual core) and Clarksfield
Clarksfield (microprocessor)
Clarksfield is the code name for an Intel processor, initially sold as mobile Intel Core i7. It is closely related to the desktop Lynnfield processor, both use quad-core dies based on the 45 nm...
(quad core).
Variants
| Processor | Brand name | Model (list) | Cores | L2 Cache | Socket | TDP |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Penryn-L | Core 2 Intel Core 2 Core 2 is a brand encompassing a range of Intel's consumer 64-bit x86-64 single-, dual-, and quad-core microprocessors based on the Core microarchitecture. The single- and dual-core models are single-die, whereas the quad-core models comprise two dies, each containing two cores, packaged in a... Solo |
SU3xxx | 1 | 3 MiB | BGA956 | 5.5 W |
| Penryn-3M | Core 2 Duo | SU7xxx | 2 | 3 MB | BGA956 | 10 W |
| SU9xxx | ||||||
| Penryn | SL9xxx | 6 MiB | 17 W | |||
| SP9xxx | 25/28 W | |||||
| Penryn-3M | P7xxx | 3 MiB | Socket P Socket P The Intel Socket P is the mobile processor socket replacement for Core microarchitecture chips such as Core 2 Duo. It launched on May 9, 2007, as part of the Santa Rosa platform with the Merom and Penryn processors.-Technical specifications:... FCBGA6 |
25 W | ||
| P8xxx | ||||||
| Penryn | P9xxx | 6 MiB | ||||
| Penryn-3M | T6xxx | 2 MiB | 35 W | |||
| T8xxx | 3 MiB | |||||
| Penryn | T9xxx | 6 MiB | ||||
| E8x35 | 6 MiB | Socket P | 35-55 W | |||
| Penryn-QC | Core 2 Quad | Q9xxx | 4 | 2x3-2x6 MiB | Socket P | 45 W |
| Penryn XE | Core 2 Extreme | X9xxx | 2 | 6 MiB | Socket P | 44 W |
| Penryn-QC | QX9xxx | 4 | 2x6 MiB | 45 W | ||
| Penryn-3M | Celeron Celeron Celeron is a brand name given by Intel Corp. to a number of different x86 computer microprocessor models targeted at budget personal computers.... |
T3xxx | 2 | 1 MiB | Socket P | 35 W |
| SU2xxx | µFC-BGA 956 | 10 W | ||||
| Penryn-L | 9x0 | 1 | 1 MiB | Socket P | 35 W | |
| 7x3 | µFC-BGA 956 | 10 W | ||||
| Penryn-3M | Pentium | T4xxx | 2 | 1 MiB | Socket P | 35 W |
| SU4xxx | 2 MiB | µFC-BGA 956 | 10 W | |||
| Penryn-L | SU2xxx | 1 | 5.5 W |
Penryn
The successor to the Merom core currently used for the Core 2 Duo T5000/T7000 series mobile processors, code-named Penryn, debuted on the 45 nanometer45 nanometer
Per the International Technology Roadmap for Semiconductors, the 45 nm technology node should refer to the average half-pitch of a memory cell manufactured at around the 2007–2008 time frame....
process. Many details about Penryn appeared at the April 2007 Intel Developer Forum
Intel Developer Forum
Intel Developer Forum , is a gathering of technologists to discuss Intel products and products based around Intel products. The first IDF was in 1997...
.
Important advances include the addition of new instructions including SSE4
SSE4
SSE4 is a CPU instruction set used in the Intel Core microarchitecture and AMD K10 . It was announced on 27 September 2006 at the Fall 2006 Intel Developer Forum, with vague details in a white paper; more precise details of 47 instructions became available at the Spring 2007 Intel Developer Forum...
(also known as Penryn New Instructions) and new fabrication materials; most significantly a hafnium
Hafnium
Hafnium is a chemical element with the symbol Hf and atomic number 72. A lustrous, silvery gray, tetravalent transition metal, hafnium chemically resembles zirconium and is found in zirconium minerals. Its existence was predicted by Dmitri Mendeleev in 1869. Hafnium was the penultimate stable...
-based high-k dielectric
High-k Dielectric
The term high-κ dielectric refers to a material with a high dielectric constant κ used in semiconductor manufacturing processes which replaces the silicon dioxide gate dielectric...
.
Penryn is paired with the 2007 desktop chipset series, Bearlake, some of whose models include an increase in bus performance (connection to the northbridge, etc.) to 1333 MT/s and support for DDR3 SDRAM
DDR3 SDRAM
In computing, DDR3 SDRAM, an abbreviation for double data rate type three synchronous dynamic random access memory, is a modern kind of dynamic random access memory with a high bandwidth interface. It is one of several variants of DRAM and associated interface techniques used since the early 1970s...
. In notebooks and other mobile equipment, Penryn pairs with the mobile chipset series Crestline, which does not support DDR3, although Intel believes future DDR3 support will benefit mobile equipment's power- and heat-constrained environments.
Intel's new 45 nm Penryn-based Core 2 Duo and Core 2 Extreme processors were released on January 6, 2008. The new processors launched exclusively with a TDP of 35 W. HP began to offer the first model, the T9500, from late January 2008. The T9500 offers a 2.6 GHz clock rate, higher than all but the Extreme Edition of the Merom range, and 6 MB (rather than 4 MB) of Level 2 Cache.
Intel released an Apple-only Exxx chip on April 28, 2008 that increased the clock rate to 3.06 GHz as well as increasing the Front Side Bus to 1066 MT/s, and changed the Cache to 6 MB shared L2. While it is used in desktop computers and has an E8xxx name, it uses the same packaging as mobile CPUs and is therefore considered a Penryn and not Wolfdale.
All SL9xxx, SP9xxx, P9xxx, T9xxx and X9xxx processors are Penryn with the full 6 MB L2 cache enabled, while P7xxx, P8xxx and T8xxx can be either Penryn-3M or Penryn with only 3 MB cache enabled. They are indistinguishable by software, but Penryn uses product code 80576.
Penryn-3M
The smaller (82 mm² instead of 107 mm²) Penryn-3M is used in mobile processors with an L2 Cache 3 MB or less as a successor to Merom-2M. Its product code is 80577.The entry level Penryn-3M Core 2 processor is the T6xxx series, with 2 MB L2 Cache and begins with the T6400 at a clock rate of 2 GHz.
Other Penryn-3M based processor series are Celeron T3xxx, Pentium T4xxx, as well as most Core 2 Duo SU9xxx, P7xxx, P8xxx, T8xxx processors.
In September 2009, Intel introduced new Consumer Ultra-Low Voltage
Consumer Ultra-Low Voltage
Consumer Ultra-Low Voltage is a computing platform developed by Intel. It has been estimated that this market could reach 10 million CULV laptops shipped within 2009. Competing platforms are the VIA Nano, AMD Yukon, AMD Nile notebook platform, and graphic chips from the Nvidia GeForce line within...
processors based on Penryn-3M, as Celeron SU2xxx series, Pentium SU4xxx series and Core 2 Duo SU7xxx series, with 1, 2 and 3 MB of active L2 cache. Like the earlier Core 2 Duo SU9xxx series, they are always soldered on using a BGA956 package and have a TDP of only 10 W.
Penryn-L
Penryn-L does not actually seem to be a separate chip but only a version of Penryn-3M with a single core enabled. However, it has a separate product code of 80585. Penryn-L is used in the ultra-low voltage Core 2 SU3xxx, the standard voltage Celeron 9xx and the CULV Celeron 7xx and Pentium SU2xxx series. The Celeron versions have only 1 MB active L2 cache, Pentium versions have 2 MB.Penryn-QC
In August 2008 Intel released their first two quad-core processors for notebooks, the Core 2 Quad Q9100 and Core 2 Extreme QX9300. As these require more power (45 W) and cooling than other Penryn processors they are not automatically compatible with all Centrino 2 notebooks. Also the Extreme version requires the GS45/GM45/PM45 chipset.See also
- Core (microarchitecture)
- Merom (microprocessor)Merom (microprocessor)Merom is the code name for various Intel processors that are sold as Core 2 Duo, Core 2 Solo, Pentium Dual-Core and Celeron. It was the first mobile processor to be based on the Core microarchitecture, replacing the Enhanced Pentium M based Yonah processor. Merom has product code 80537, which is...
- Wolfdale (microprocessor)Wolfdale (microprocessor)Wolfdale is the code name for a processor from Intel that is sold in varying configurations as Core 2 Duo, Celeron, Pentium and Xeon. In Intel's Tick-Tock cycle, the 2007/2008 "Tick" was Penryn microarchitecture, the shrink of the Core microarchitecture to 45 nanometers as CPUID model 23...
- Clarksfield (microprocessor)Clarksfield (microprocessor)Clarksfield is the code name for an Intel processor, initially sold as mobile Intel Core i7. It is closely related to the desktop Lynnfield processor, both use quad-core dies based on the 45 nm...
- CeleronCeleronCeleron is a brand name given by Intel Corp. to a number of different x86 computer microprocessor models targeted at budget personal computers....
- Pentium Dual-Core
- Intel Core 2Intel Core 2Core 2 is a brand encompassing a range of Intel's consumer 64-bit x86-64 single-, dual-, and quad-core microprocessors based on the Core microarchitecture. The single- and dual-core models are single-die, whereas the quad-core models comprise two dies, each containing two cores, packaged in a...