Perennial (disambiguation)
Encyclopedia
Perennial is a word with several meanings relating to yearly or ongoing activity. Perennial may refer to:
- Perennial plantPerennial plantA perennial plant or simply perennial is a plant that lives for more than two years. The term is often used to differentiate a plant from shorter lived annuals and biennials. The term is sometimes misused by commercial gardeners or horticulturalists to describe only herbaceous perennials...
, a plant which lives for more than two growing seasons, including all treeTreeA tree is a perennial woody plant. It is most often defined as a woody plant that has many secondary branches supported clear of the ground on a single main stem or trunk with clear apical dominance. A minimum height specification at maturity is cited by some authors, varying from 3 m to...
s and shrubShrubA shrub or bush is distinguished from a tree by its multiple stems and shorter height, usually under 5–6 m tall. A large number of plants may become either shrubs or trees, depending on the growing conditions they experience...
s. See also Perennial vegetablePerennial vegetablePerennial vegetables are parts of plants that are prepared and eaten like a vegetable, and that are also perennial, in other words, the plants live for more than two years....
. Compare annualAnnual plantAn annual plant is a plant that usually germinates, flowers, and dies in a year or season. True annuals will only live longer than a year if they are prevented from setting seed...
, biennialBiennial plantA biennial plant is a flowering plant that takes two years to complete its biological lifecycle. In the first year the plant grows leaves, stems, and roots , then it enters a period of dormancy over the colder months. Usually the stem remains very short and the leaves are low to the ground, forming...
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- A perennial border (US), or herbaceous borderHerbaceous borderA herbaceous border is a collection of perennial herbaceous plants arranged closely together, usually to create a dramatic effect through colour, shape or large scale. The term herbaceous border is mostly in use in the United Kingdom and the Commonwealth...
(UK), a maintenance intensive arrangement of soft-stemmed non-woody perennials. - Perennial sunflowerPerennial sunflowerPerennial sunflower is a new crop being developed by crossing wild perennial and domestic annual sunflower species.Annual sunflower is a major oilseed crop. Genes from wild perennial relatives may increase root depth and mass and extend the growing season...
, a new crop in development. - Hardy Perennials and Old Fashioned FlowerHardy Perennials and Old Fashioned FlowerHardy Perennials and Old Fashioned Flowers - Describing the Most Desirable Plants, for Borders, Rockeries, and Shrubberies is a book published in 1884 by John Wood. The book was also published by the Project Gutenberg Literary Archive Foundation in 2006....
— Describing the Most Desirable Plants, for Borders, Rockeries, and Shrubberies, an 1884 book by John Wood.
- A perennial border (US), or herbaceous border
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- Perennial streamPerennial streamA perennial stream or perennial river is a stream or river that has continuous flow in parts of its bed all year round during years of normal rainfall. "Perennial" streams are contrasted with "intermittent" streams which normally cease flowing for weeks or months each year, and with "ephemeral"...
, a stream or river that flows all year round. - Perennial candidatePerennial candidateA perennial candidate is one who frequently runs for public office with a record of success that is infrequent, if existent at all. Perennial candidates are often either members of minority political parties or have political opinions that are not mainstream. They may run without any serious hope...
, one who frequently runs for public office, often with little or no success.
Philosophy
- Perennial philosophyPerennial philosophyPerennial philosophy is the notion of the universal recurrence of philosophical insight independent of epoch or culture, including universal truths on the nature of reality, humanity or consciousness .-History:The idea of a perennial philosophy has great...
, the notion of the universal recurrence of philosophical insight independent of epoch or culture, including universal truths.-
- The Perennial PhilosophyThe Perennial PhilosophyThe Perennial Philosophy is a 1945 book by Aldous Huxley, published by Harper & Row in the US. It was published in the UK in 1946 by Chatto & Windus.-Social and political context:...
, a 1945 book by Aldous HuxleyAldous HuxleyAldous Leonard Huxley was an English writer and one of the most prominent members of the famous Huxley family. Best known for his novels including Brave New World and a wide-ranging output of essays, Huxley also edited the magazine Oxford Poetry, and published short stories, poetry, travel...
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- The Perennial Philosophy
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- PerennialismTraditionalist SchoolThe term Traditionalist School is used by Mark Sedgwick and other authors to denote a school of thought, also known as Integral Traditionalism or Perennialism to denote an esoteric movement developed by authors such as French metaphysician René Guénon, German-Swiss...
, or the Traditionalist SchoolTraditionalist SchoolThe term Traditionalist School is used by Mark Sedgwick and other authors to denote a school of thought, also known as Integral Traditionalism or Perennialism to denote an esoteric movement developed by authors such as French metaphysician René Guénon, German-Swiss...
, an esoteric movement inspired by the interwar periodInterwar periodInterwar period can refer to any period between two wars. The Interbellum is understood to be the period between the end of the Great War or First World War and the beginning of the Second World War in Europe....
writings of René GuénonRené GuénonRené Guénon , also known as Shaykh `Abd al-Wahid Yahya was a French author and intellectual who remains an influential figure in the domain of metaphysics, having written on topics ranging from metaphysics, sacred science and traditional studies to symbolism and initiation.In his writings, he...
and Frithjof SchuonFrithjof SchuonFrithjof Schuon, was a native of Switzerland born to German parents in Basel, Switzerland. He is known as a philosopher, metaphysician and author of numerous books on religion and spirituality....
; opposing democracy, modernity, liberalism and the bourgeois constitutional state, the Perennialists propose an everlasting wisdom of divine origin transmitted from the very origin of humanity and partially restored by each genuine founder of a new religion. - Educational perennialismEducational perennialismPerennialists believe that one should teach the things that one deems to be of everlasting importance to all people everywhere. They believe that the most important topics develop a person. Since details of fact change constantly, these cannot be the most important. Therefore, one should teach...
, the notion that one should primarily teach principles deemed to be of everlasting importance, rather than the constantly changing vocational or technical, to develop a student as a person able to apply reasoning rather than merely regurgitate facts.
In other names and titles
- Perennial Tea CeremonyPerennial tea ceremonyPerennial tea ceremony / Four Seson Tea Ceremony is a Chinese tea ceremony, created by Lin Easu , of the Ten Ren Teaism Foundation. The first two characters of the Chinese term literally mean four steps or sequences that are linked together, the latter two simply meaning "tea ceremony". With...
, a Chinese tea ceremony focusing on an idea of the endless cycle of seasons. - Perennial Gardeners Royal Benevolent SocietyPerennial Gardeners Royal Benevolent SocietyPerennial - Gardeners' Royal Benevolent Society is a United Kingdom charity offering help and support for all those who are working or have worked in the horticultural industry, which includes professional gardeners, nurserymen and women, arboriculturists and many more.-History:Perennial was...
, a UK based charity helping horticulturists in need. - Harper PerennialHarper PerennialHarper Perennial is a paperback imprint of the publishing house HarperCollins Publishers. Harper Perennial has divisions located in New York, London, Toronto, and Sydney. The imprint is descended from the Perennial Library imprint founded by Harper & Row in 1964...
, a paperback imprint of the publishing house HarperCollinsHarperCollinsHarperCollins is a publishing company owned by News Corporation. It is the combination of the publishers William Collins, Sons and Co Ltd, a British company, and Harper & Row, an American company, itself the result of an earlier merger of Harper & Brothers and Row, Peterson & Company. The worldwide...
. - Perennial Pictures Film CorporationPerennial Pictures Film CorporationPerennial Pictures Film Corporation is an independent American animated cartoon studio founded by G. Brian Reynolds and Russ Harris in 1979. Located in Indianapolis, Indiana, the studio made its initial entry into the marketplace producing local and regional animated television commercials. In...
, an independent American animated cartoon studio founded in 1979. - Perennial FavoritesPerennial FavoritesPerennial Favorites is an album by American band Squirrel Nut Zippers.-Track listing:#"Suits Are Picking up the Bill" – 3:04#"Low Down Man" – 4:14#"Ghost of Stephen Foster" – 3:32#"Pallin' with Al" – 2:41...
, a 1998 album by Squirrel Nut ZippersSquirrel Nut ZippersThe Squirrel Nut Zippers are a band formed in 1993 in Chapel Hill, North Carolina by James "Jimbo" Mathus , Katharine Whalen , Chris Phillips on drums, Don Raleigh on bass and sideman Ken Mosher....
. - Perennial DividePerennial DividePerennial Divide was a band formed in 1986 by Jack Dangers, Johnny Stephens and Paul Freeguard. It was relatively short-lived; Dangers and Stephens left it in 1988 to form Meat Beat Manifesto.-Purge LP :#"Blow" – 5:52...
, a short-lived band formed in 1986, two members of which went on to form Meat Beat ManifestoMeat Beat ManifestoMeat Beat Manifesto, often shortened to Meat Beat or MBM, is an electronic music group originally consisting of Jack Dangers and Jonny Stephens formed in 1987 in Swindon, UK...
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Plants which sometimes have perennial in their common names
- Perennial baby's breath, Gypsophila paniculataGypsophila paniculataGypsophila paniculata, commonly known as Baby's-breath, is a cultivated ornamental garden plant in the Caryophyllaceae family, popular in the florist trade to provide a background for more colourful flowers....
- Perennial candytuft, Iberis sempervirensIberis sempervirensIberis sempervirens is a flowering plant which is used as an ornamental plant. Evergreen Candytuft is a spring blooming favourite, often seen cascading over rocks and walls, or used as a groundcover. The glossy, evergreen foliage forms a billowing mound, with loads of good-sized white flowers for...
- Perennial cornflower, Centaurea montanaCentaurea montanaCentaurea montana is a species of Centaurea endemic to Europe. It is widespread and common in the more southerly mountain ranges of Europe, but is rarer in the north...
- Perennial flax, Linum perenneLinum perenneLinum perenne , is a flowering plant in the family Linaceae, native to Europe, primarily in the Alps, but also locally in England....
- Perennial forage peanut, Arachis glabrataArachis glabrataArachis glabrata is a high quality forage plant native to Argentina, Brazil, and Paraguay vegetation...
- Perennial honesty, Lunaria rediviva
- Perennial knawel, Scleranthus perennisScleranthus perennisPerennial knawel is a perennial herbaceous plant of the carnation family. It grows on sandy, dry, acidic soils. It can grow up to 15 cm high and has white flowers of 2–5 mm. The plant used to be economically significant as the major host plant of the Polish cochineal....
- Perennial lupin, Lupinus perennisLupinus perennisLupinus perennis is a medicinal plant in the Fabaceae family...
- Perennial peavine or Perennial pea, Lathyrus latifolius
- Perennial peppercress, LepidiumLepidiumLepidium is a genus of plants in the mustard family Brassicaceae. It includes about 175 species found worldwide, including cress and pepperweed; additional common names include peppercress, peppergrass, and pepperwort...
- Perennial pigweed, Amaranthus deflexusAmaranthus deflexusAmaranthus deflexus is also known by the common names large-fruit amaranth, low amaranth, and Argentina amaranth, since it is native to South America. It is a short-lived perennial or annual plant. The plant can grow up to 1.5 ft in height.It flowers in the summer to fall, and was introduced...
- Perennial ryegrass, Lolium perenneLolium perenneLolium perenne, common name Perennial Ryegrass, is a grass from the family Poaceae. It is native to Europe, Asia and northern Africa, but is widely cultivated and naturalised around the world.-Description:...
- Perennial thistle, Cirsium arvenseCirsium arvenseCirsium arvense is a species of Cirsium, native throughout Europe and northern Asia, and widely introduced elsewhere. The standard English name in its native area is Creeping Thistle.-Alternate names:...
- Perennial wall-rocket, Diplotaxis tenuifoliaDiplotaxis tenuifoliaDiplotaxis tenuifolia is a species of flowering plant in the mustard family known by the common name perennial wall-rocket. This plant is native to Europe and Western Asia. It can be found throughout much of the temperate world where it has naturalized.This is an erect mustard-like plant with...