Philippine Assembly
Encyclopedia
The Philippine Assembly was the lower house of the legislative body of the Philippines
during the early part of American colonial period. It was created by the Philippine Organic Act
, passed in 1902, which also established the Philippine Commission
as the upper house of the Philippine Legislature
, headed by the U.S. Governor General
.
on October 16, 1907. Two dominant political groups—the Partido Nacionalista
and Partido Nacional Progresista—vied for positions in the Assembly, along with other, more minor parties and independents
. The Nacionalista Party, the party that espoused "immediate and complete independence" headed by Sergio Osmeña
, captured majority of the 80-seat Assembly. Throughout this period, there was conflict in the legislature between the elected Assembly composed entirely of Filipinos and the appointed Commission with an American majority. This period came to an end when Jones Law
was passed, and on October 16, 1916, a bicameral legislature composed exclusively of Filipinos was established.
Philippines
The Philippines , officially known as the Republic of the Philippines , is a country in Southeast Asia in the western Pacific Ocean. To its north across the Luzon Strait lies Taiwan. West across the South China Sea sits Vietnam...
during the early part of American colonial period. It was created by the Philippine Organic Act
Philippine Organic Act (1902)
The Philippine Organic Act, popularly known as the Philippine Bill of 1902 and sometimes known as the Cooper Act after its author Henry A. Cooper, was the first organic law for the Philippines enacted by the United States Congress during the American Colonial Period in the Philippines...
, passed in 1902, which also established the Philippine Commission
Philippine Commission
The Philippine Commission was a body appointed by the President of the United States to exercise legislative and limited executive powers in the Philippines. It was first appointed by President William McKinley in 1901. Beginning in 1907, it acted as the upper house of a bicameral Philippine...
as the upper house of the Philippine Legislature
Philippine Legislature
The Philippine Legislature was the legislative body of the Philippines during the earlier part U.S. colonial administration. It was a bicameral legislature, with the Philippine Commission, headed by the U.S. Governor General serving as the upper house, and the Philippine Assembly serving as the...
, headed by the U.S. Governor General
Governor-General of the Philippines
The Governor-General of the Philippines was the title of the government executive during the colonial period of the Philippines, governed mainly by Spain and the United States, and briefly by Great Britain, from 1565 to 1935....
.
Organization
The Philippine Assembly was convened at the old Manila Grand Opera HouseManila Grand Opera House
The Manila Grand Opera House was a theater and opera house located in the Santa Cruz district of Manila on the intersection of Rizal Avenue and Doroteo Jose Street. Built in the mid-19th century as the H.T...
on October 16, 1907. Two dominant political groups—the Partido Nacionalista
Nacionalista Party
The Nacionalista Party is the oldest political party in the Philippines today and was responsible for leading the country throughout the majority of the 20th century since its founding in 1907...
and Partido Nacional Progresista—vied for positions in the Assembly, along with other, more minor parties and independents
Independent (politician)
In politics, an independent or non-party politician is an individual not affiliated to any political party. Independents may hold a centrist viewpoint between those of major political parties, a viewpoint more extreme than any major party, or they may have a viewpoint based on issues that they do...
. The Nacionalista Party, the party that espoused "immediate and complete independence" headed by Sergio Osmeña
Sergio Osmeña
Sergio Osmeña y Suico was a Filipino politician who served as the 4th President of the Philippines from 1944 to 1946. He was Vice President under Manuel L. Quezon, and rose to the presidency upon Quezon's death in 1944, being the oldest Philippine president to hold office at age 65...
, captured majority of the 80-seat Assembly. Throughout this period, there was conflict in the legislature between the elected Assembly composed entirely of Filipinos and the appointed Commission with an American majority. This period came to an end when Jones Law
Jones Law (Philippines)
The Jones Law or the Act of Congress of August 29, 1916, also known as the Philippine Autonomy Act of 1916, replaced the Philippine Organic Act of 1902 that earlier served as a constitution for the Philippine Islands. The Philippines was ceded by Spain to the United States in 1898 and a civil...
was passed, and on October 16, 1916, a bicameral legislature composed exclusively of Filipinos was established.
See also
- Senate of the PhilippinesSenate of the PhilippinesThe Senate of the Philippines is the upper chamber of the bicameral legislature of the Philippines, the Congress of the Philippines...
- House of Representatives of the PhilippinesHouse of Representatives of the PhilippinesThe House of Representatives of the Philippines is the lower chamber of the...
- History of the Philippines (1898-1946)History of the Philippines (1898-1946)This article covers the history of the Philippines from 1898 to 1946. It spans the Spanish-American War which resulted in the United States acquiring sovereignty over the Philippines from Spain via the Treaty of Paris which ended that war, the Philippines as a U.S. territory and later as a U.S...
External links
- Senate of the Philippines
- House of Representatives of the Philippines
- Philippine Assembly An article published in an American newspaper examining the membership and accoomplishments of the Philippine Assembly during the early years of American rule. An online article made available by Filipiniana.net
- Philippine Bill of 1902 A US Congress Act establishing the Philippine Assembly. An online article made available by Filipiniana.net