Philippine legislative election, 1987
Encyclopedia
The election for the Members of the Senate was held in the Philippines
on May 11, 1987. The Philippine Senate was re-instituted following the approval of a new constitution
in 1987 restoring the bicameral Congress of the Philippines
; earlier, a constitution was approved
in 1973 that created a unicameral Batasang Pambansa
(parliament) that replaced the bicameral Congress. The last Senate election prior to this was the 1971 election.
The Lakas ng Bayan Coalition (LABAN) got 64.9% of the vote but won 22 out of 24 seats in the Senate; only two candidates from the Grand Alliance for Democracy
won: former Secretary of Defense Juan Ponce Enrile
and San Juan mayor Joseph Estrada
, despite getting 26.6% of the vote.
, was fragmented. Almost all its members including Assemblymen Arturo Tolentino, Jose Rono, Nicanor Yniquez, Cesar Virata who were coming from the Nacionalista Party among others were orphaned.
On the other hand, the Aquino coalition took all positions in the Ministry/Cabinet. Most notable were Prime Minister Salvador Laurel
, Local Government Minister Nene Pimentel and Executive Secretary Joker Arroyo
The Lakas ng Bayan
(LABAN) consists of the PDP-LABAN
headed by Local Government Minister Aquilino Pimentel Jr., the Lakas ng Bansa party headed by Assemblyman Ramon Mitra
, the UNIDO, the Liberal Party
headed by Senator Jovito Salonga
, the National Union of Christian Democrats
headed by Raul Manglapus
, the Bayang Nagkakaisa sa Diwa at Layunin headed by Butz Aquino
, Panaghusia and other pro-Cory regional parties
The GAD
consists of the faction of the KBL
headed by Assemblyman Arturo Tolentino
, the Jose Roy faction of the Nacionalista Party headed by Renato Cayetano, the pre-1986 opposition leaders who defected from Aquino headed by Senator Eva Estrada-Kalaw
, the Partido Nacionalista ng Pilipinas headed by Former Labor Minister Blas Ople
, the Mindanao Alliance, the Muslim Federal Party and the Christian Social Democratic Party.
UPP-KBL
coalition is composed of Pro-Marcos forces.
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Philippines
The Philippines , officially known as the Republic of the Philippines , is a country in Southeast Asia in the western Pacific Ocean. To its north across the Luzon Strait lies Taiwan. West across the South China Sea sits Vietnam...
on May 11, 1987. The Philippine Senate was re-instituted following the approval of a new constitution
Philippine constitutional plebiscite, 1987
The constitutional plebiscite was held in the Philippines on 2 February 1987.The plebiscite is pursuant to Presidential Proclamation No. 3 which was issued on 25 March 1986. by the President Corazon Aquino which abolished the Office of the Prime Minister and the Regular Batasang Pambansa...
in 1987 restoring the bicameral Congress of the Philippines
Congress of the Philippines
The Congress of the Philippines is the national legislature of the Republic of the Philippines. It is a bicameral body consisting of the Senate , and the House of Representatives although commonly in the Philippines the term congress refers to the latter.The Senate is composed of 24 senators half...
; earlier, a constitution was approved
Philippine constitutional plebiscite, 1973
The Constitutional Convention of 1971 minus 11 CON-CON delegates who were arrested during the proclamation of martial law, re-convenened and with nothing to do but to do what President Ferdinand Marcos wanted to be put to the proposed constitution. The regime tasked a plebiscite for the...
in 1973 that created a unicameral Batasang Pambansa
Batasang Pambansa
The Batasang Pambansa , also known by its nickname, the Batasan, was the former parliament of the Philippines, established as an interim assembly in 1978 and finally as an official body in 1984. Under the 1973 constitution, it replaced the former Congress established under the 1935 Commonwealth...
(parliament) that replaced the bicameral Congress. The last Senate election prior to this was the 1971 election.
The Lakas ng Bayan Coalition (LABAN) got 64.9% of the vote but won 22 out of 24 seats in the Senate; only two candidates from the Grand Alliance for Democracy
Grand Alliance for Democracy
The Grand Alliance for Democracy was a political coalition during the 1987 Philippine legislative election. The coalition opposed the policies of incumbent president Corazon Aquino and her Lakas ng Bayan coalition, while severing ties with ousted president Ferdinand Marcos...
won: former Secretary of Defense Juan Ponce Enrile
Juan Ponce Enrile
Juan Ponce Enrile is a Filipino politician. As a protege of President Ferdinand Marcos, he served as Justice Secretary and then Defense Secretary under the Marcos regime. He later became one of the leaders of the 1986 People Power Movement that drove Marcos from power...
and San Juan mayor Joseph Estrada
Joseph Estrada
Joseph "Erap" Ejercito Estrada was the 13th President of the Philippines, serving from 1998 until 2001. Estrada was the first person in the Post-EDSA era to be elected both to the presidency and vice-presidency.Estrada gained popularity as a film actor, playing the lead role in over 100 films in...
, despite getting 26.6% of the vote.
Background
After Marcos was ousted in the People Power Revolution in 1986, his political party, the Kilusang Bagong LipunanKilusang Bagong Lipunan
The Kilusang Bagong Lipunan , formerly the Kilusang Bagong Lipunan ng Nagkakaisang Nacionalista, Liberal, at iba pa, , is a political party in the Philippines...
, was fragmented. Almost all its members including Assemblymen Arturo Tolentino, Jose Rono, Nicanor Yniquez, Cesar Virata who were coming from the Nacionalista Party among others were orphaned.
On the other hand, the Aquino coalition took all positions in the Ministry/Cabinet. Most notable were Prime Minister Salvador Laurel
Salvador Laurel
Salvador Roman Hidalgo Laurel , also known as Doy Laurel, was Vice President of the Philippines from 1986 to 1992 under Corazon Aquino. Before that, he briefly served as Aquino's first Prime Minister from February 25 to March 25 of 1986...
, Local Government Minister Nene Pimentel and Executive Secretary Joker Arroyo
Joker Arroyo
Joker Paz Arroyo is a Filipino lawyer, politician and Senator of the Republic of the Philippines. He has no direct relation with former Presidential spouse Jose Miguel Arroyo.-Early life and career:...
The Lakas ng Bayan
United Nationalists Democratic Organizations
The United Nationalist Democratic Organization or UNIDO was the main umbrella coalition of the traditional political opposition during the turbulent last years of Philippine President Ferdinand Marcos in the mid-1980s. It was formed in January 1980, and was originally known as the United Democratic...
(LABAN) consists of the PDP-LABAN
Partido Demokratikong Pilipino-Lakas ng Bayan
The Partido Demokratiko Pilipino-Lakas ng Bayan or the Philippine Democratic Party-People's Power, more commonly known as PDP Laban, is a government political party in the Philippines. It is governed by current Vice President Jejomar C...
headed by Local Government Minister Aquilino Pimentel Jr., the Lakas ng Bansa party headed by Assemblyman Ramon Mitra
Ramon Mitra
Ramon Mitra III is the son of The Late former speaker Ramon Mitra, Jr.-Early life:Born Ramon "Mon-Mon" Blanco-Mitra III on October 28, 1964 in Puerto Princesa City, he is the son of The Late Ramon Mitra, Jr. and Cecilia Blanco...
, the UNIDO, the Liberal Party
Liberal Party (Philippines)
The Liberal Party of the Philippines is a liberal party in the Philippines, founded by then senators Senate President Manuel Roxas, Senate President Pro-Tempore Elpidio Quirino, and former 9th Senatorial District Senator Jose Avelino, on November 24, 1945 by a breakaway Liberal group from the...
headed by Senator Jovito Salonga
Jovito Salonga
Jovito "Jovy" Reyes Salonga is a Filipino nationalist politician and lawyer, as well as a leading opposition leader during the Marcos regime from 1972, when Ferdinand Marcos declared martial law, until 1986, when Marcos was deposed as a result of a bloodless revolution...
, the National Union of Christian Democrats
Lakas-Christian Muslim Democrats
Lakas-CMD , popularly known as Lakas, was a political party in the Philippines and the predecessor of Lakas Kampi CMD. Its ideology and that of its successor is heavily influenced by Christian and Islamic democracy, and by Populism...
headed by Raul Manglapus
Raul Manglapus
Raúl Sevilla Manglapus was a prominent post-World War II Filipino politician. He co-founded the reformist Progressive Party of the Philippines and the Christian Democratic Socialist Movement in 1968 .He was appointed as the Philippines' youngest-ever foreign minister in 1957,...
, the Bayang Nagkakaisa sa Diwa at Layunin headed by Butz Aquino
Agapito Aquino
Agapito Aquino Aquino II , more popularly known as Butz Aquino, is a former Senator of the Philippines and congressman from Makati City. He was born to former senator Benigno Aquino, Sr., and Aurora Aquino-Aquino. He is the brother of former senators Benigno Aquino, Jr. and Tessie Aquino-Oreta. He...
, Panaghusia and other pro-Cory regional parties
The GAD
Grand Alliance for Democracy
The Grand Alliance for Democracy was a political coalition during the 1987 Philippine legislative election. The coalition opposed the policies of incumbent president Corazon Aquino and her Lakas ng Bayan coalition, while severing ties with ousted president Ferdinand Marcos...
consists of the faction of the KBL
Kilusang Bagong Lipunan
The Kilusang Bagong Lipunan , formerly the Kilusang Bagong Lipunan ng Nagkakaisang Nacionalista, Liberal, at iba pa, , is a political party in the Philippines...
headed by Assemblyman Arturo Tolentino
Arturo Tolentino
Arturo Modesto Tolentino was a prominent political figure in the Philippines who briefly held the position of vice president in 1986. He is more well known as the father of the Philippine “archipelagic doctrine” and expert on the Law of the Sea.-Early career:Arturo M. Tolentino was born in Manila...
, the Jose Roy faction of the Nacionalista Party headed by Renato Cayetano, the pre-1986 opposition leaders who defected from Aquino headed by Senator Eva Estrada-Kalaw
Eva Estrada-Kalaw
Eva Reynada Estrada-Kalaw is a Filipino politician, served as a Senator in the Senate of the Philippines for 7 years. . Serving in Senate during the presidency of Ferdinand Marcos , she was part of a major transformation in Philippine domestic and foreign policies.-Early life:Evangelina R...
, the Partido Nacionalista ng Pilipinas headed by Former Labor Minister Blas Ople
Blas Ople
Blas Fajardo Ople was a Filipino journalist and politician who held several high-ranking positions in the executive and legislative branches of the Philippine government, including as Senate President from 1999 to 2000, and as Secretary of Foreign Affairs from 2002 until his death...
, the Mindanao Alliance, the Muslim Federal Party and the Christian Social Democratic Party.
UPP-KBL
Kilusang Bagong Lipunan
The Kilusang Bagong Lipunan , formerly the Kilusang Bagong Lipunan ng Nagkakaisang Nacionalista, Liberal, at iba pa, , is a political party in the Philippines...
coalition is composed of Pro-Marcos forces.
Administration coalition
| Lakas ng Bayan | Party and Coalition |
|---|---|
| Heherson Alvarez Heherson Alvarez Heherson "Sonny" T. Alvarez was born in Santiago, Isabela on October 26, 1939. He is married to Cecile Gidote, with whom he has two children.He served as Senator for two inextendible terms of 12 years. In May 1998, he was elected as Member of the House of Representatives... |
|
| Edgardo Angara Edgardo Angara Edgardo Javier Angara is a Filipino politician who served as President of the Senate of the Philippines from 1993-1995. He is currently serving his fourth term in the Senate which ends in 2013.-Early life and career:... |
Independent (politician) In politics, an independent or non-party politician is an individual not affiliated to any political party. Independents may hold a centrist viewpoint between those of major political parties, a viewpoint more extreme than any major party, or they may have a viewpoint based on issues that they do... |
| Agapito Aquino Agapito Aquino Agapito Aquino Aquino II , more popularly known as Butz Aquino, is a former Senator of the Philippines and congressman from Makati City. He was born to former senator Benigno Aquino, Sr., and Aurora Aquino-Aquino. He is the brother of former senators Benigno Aquino, Jr. and Tessie Aquino-Oreta. He... |
Laban ng Demokratikong Pilipino The Laban ng Demokratikong Pilipino is a political party in the Philippines founded in 1988.There are no results available of the last elections for the House of Representatives, but according to the website of the House, the party holds 7 out of 235 seats . The party is divided into two factions... |
| Arturo Defensor | |
| Neptali Gonzales Neptali Gonzales Neptali A. Gonzales, Sr. was the President of the Philippine Senate from 1992 to 1993, 1995 to 1996, and 1998.-Early Life and Career:... |
|
| Teofisto Guingona Jr. | |
| Ernesto Herrera Ernesto Herrera Ernesto Herrera was a Uruguayan playwright, short story writer and journalist.-Short stories:His writings include a collection of short stories 'Su majestad el hambre', 1910 .... |
|
| Sotero H. Laurel Sotero Laurel Sotero Cosme "Teroy" Laurel II was a Filipino politician and educator who served as a Senator from 1986 until 1992, including a period as President pro tempore from 1990 until 1991. Laurel was the son of the former President of the Philippines José P. Laurel and the older brother of former Vice... |
|
| Jose Lina Jr. | |
| Ernesto Maceda | |
| Raul Manglapus Raul Manglapus Raúl Sevilla Manglapus was a prominent post-World War II Filipino politician. He co-founded the reformist Progressive Party of the Philippines and the Christian Democratic Socialist Movement in 1968 .He was appointed as the Philippines' youngest-ever foreign minister in 1957,... |
|
| Orlando S. Mercado | |
| Vicente Paterno | |
| John Henry Osmena John Henry Osmeña John Henry Renner Osmeña , also known as Sonny Osmeña or simply John Osmeña, is a former Senator of the Philippines... |
|
| Aquilino Pimentel Jr. | |
| Santanina Rasul | |
| Alberto Romulo Alberto Romulo Alberto Gatmaitan Rómulo is a politician in the Philippines. He served as Foreign Secretary before and during the beginning of the administration of President Benigno Aquino III.... |
|
| Rene Saguisag Rene Saguisag Rene A. V. Saguisag is a Filipino lawyer. He served as a Filipino Senator from 1987 until 1992.-Early life:... |
|
| Augusto Sanchez | |
| Jovito Salonga Jovito Salonga Jovito "Jovy" Reyes Salonga is a Filipino nationalist politician and lawyer, as well as a leading opposition leader during the Marcos regime from 1972, when Ferdinand Marcos declared martial law, until 1986, when Marcos was deposed as a result of a bloodless revolution... |
|
| Leticia Ramos-Shahani Leticia Ramos-Shahani Leticia Ramos-Shahani is a Philippines Senator and writer. She was born on September 30, 1929 in Lingayen, Pangasinan. Her father, Narciso Ramos , was a lawyer, crusading journalist and 5-term legislator of the House of Representatives, who eventually rose to the position of Secretary of Foreign... |
|
| Mamintal Tamano | |
| Wigberto Tañada Wigberto Tañada Wigberto "Ka Bobby" Ebarle Tañada, Sr. is a Filipino politician. He is member of the Liberal Party and a former member of the Senate of the Philippines and Philippine House of Representatives representing the Quezon's 4th District . He is the son of the the late former senator Lorenzo M... |
|
| Victor Ziga Victor Ziga Victor "Vic" San Andres Ziga was born on September 30, 1945 in Manila to Venancio Ziga, former governor of Albay and Tecla San Andres Ziga, former Senator and the first woman who topped in the Bar Examination.-Early Life and Career:... |
|
Main opposition coalition
| Grand Alliance for Democracy Nacionalista Party The Nacionalista Party is the oldest political party in the Philippines today and was responsible for leading the country throughout the majority of the 20th century since its founding in 1907... |
Party and Coalition |
|---|---|
| Firdausi Smail Abbas | |
| Homobono Adaza | Kilusang Bagong Lipunan The Kilusang Bagong Lipunan , formerly the Kilusang Bagong Lipunan ng Nagkakaisang Nacionalista, Liberal, at iba pa, , is a political party in the Philippines... |
| Alejandro Almendras | Nacionalista Party The Nacionalista Party is the oldest political party in the Philippines today and was responsible for leading the country throughout the majority of the 20th century since its founding in 1907... |
| Abul Khayr Alonto | |
| Juan Ponce Enrile Juan Ponce Enrile Juan Ponce Enrile is a Filipino politician. As a protege of President Ferdinand Marcos, he served as Justice Secretary and then Defense Secretary under the Marcos regime. He later became one of the leaders of the 1986 People Power Movement that drove Marcos from power... |
Nacionalista Party The Nacionalista Party is the oldest political party in the Philippines today and was responsible for leading the country throughout the majority of the 20th century since its founding in 1907... |
| Joseph Estrada Joseph Estrada Joseph "Erap" Ejercito Estrada was the 13th President of the Philippines, serving from 1998 until 2001. Estrada was the first person in the Post-EDSA era to be elected both to the presidency and vice-presidency.Estrada gained popularity as a film actor, playing the lead role in over 100 films in... |
Nacionalista Party The Nacionalista Party is the oldest political party in the Philippines today and was responsible for leading the country throughout the majority of the 20th century since its founding in 1907... |
| Rene Espina | |
| Wilson Gamboa | |
| Romeo Jalosjos | Nacionalista Party The Nacionalista Party is the oldest political party in the Philippines today and was responsible for leading the country throughout the majority of the 20th century since its founding in 1907... |
| Eva Estrada-Kalaw Eva Estrada-Kalaw Eva Reynada Estrada-Kalaw is a Filipino politician, served as a Senator in the Senate of the Philippines for 7 years. . Serving in Senate during the presidency of Ferdinand Marcos , she was part of a major transformation in Philippine domestic and foreign policies.-Early life:Evangelina R... |
|
| Wenceslao Lagumbay | Nacionalista Party The Nacionalista Party is the oldest political party in the Philippines today and was responsible for leading the country throughout the majority of the 20th century since its founding in 1907... |
| Vicente Magsaysay Vicente Magsaysay Vicente Magsaysay is a Filipino who has been the Chairman of the Board of The Philippine Postal Bank since January 22, 2009. He was previously Governor of the province of Zambales. He was also a senatorial candidate running under the banner of TEAM Unity. He built the Jesus F... |
Kilusang Bagong Lipunan The Kilusang Bagong Lipunan , formerly the Kilusang Bagong Lipunan ng Nagkakaisang Nacionalista, Liberal, at iba pa, , is a political party in the Philippines... |
| Jeremias Montemayor | Kilusang Bagong Lipunan The Kilusang Bagong Lipunan , formerly the Kilusang Bagong Lipunan ng Nagkakaisang Nacionalista, Liberal, at iba pa, , is a political party in the Philippines... |
| Blas Ople Blas Ople Blas Fajardo Ople was a Filipino journalist and politician who held several high-ranking positions in the executive and legislative branches of the Philippine government, including as Senate President from 1999 to 2000, and as Secretary of Foreign Affairs from 2002 until his death... |
Kilusang Bagong Lipunan The Kilusang Bagong Lipunan , formerly the Kilusang Bagong Lipunan ng Nagkakaisang Nacionalista, Liberal, at iba pa, , is a political party in the Philippines... |
| Rafael Palmares | Nacionalista Party The Nacionalista Party is the oldest political party in the Philippines today and was responsible for leading the country throughout the majority of the 20th century since its founding in 1907... |
| Zosimo Jesus Paredes II Zosimo Jesus Paredes II Zosimo Jesus "Jess" Paredes II is a former Filipino government official. He was the former head of Presidential Commission on the Visiting Forces Agreement later on resigned at the height of the Philippine government's perceived protection of convicted American rapist Lance Corp... |
Kilusang Bagong Lipunan The Kilusang Bagong Lipunan , formerly the Kilusang Bagong Lipunan ng Nagkakaisang Nacionalista, Liberal, at iba pa, , is a political party in the Philippines... |
| Vicente Puyat | Nacionalista Party The Nacionalista Party is the oldest political party in the Philippines today and was responsible for leading the country throughout the majority of the 20th century since its founding in 1907... |
| Edith N. Rabat | Kilusang Bagong Lipunan The Kilusang Bagong Lipunan , formerly the Kilusang Bagong Lipunan ng Nagkakaisang Nacionalista, Liberal, at iba pa, , is a political party in the Philippines... |
| Isidro Rodriguez | Nacionalista Party The Nacionalista Party is the oldest political party in the Philippines today and was responsible for leading the country throughout the majority of the 20th century since its founding in 1907... |
| Roilo Golez Roilo Golez Roilo Golez is a Philippine politician on his sixth term as Member of the Philippine House of Representatives representing the Second District of Parañaque City, one of the most industrialized districts of the Philippines... |
Independent (politician) In politics, an independent or non-party politician is an individual not affiliated to any political party. Independents may hold a centrist viewpoint between those of major political parties, a viewpoint more extreme than any major party, or they may have a viewpoint based on issues that they do... |
| Lorenzo Teves Lorenzo Teves Lorenzo G. Teves was a Philippine politician who served in various positions in the Philippine Government. Teves hailed from the Province of Negros Oriental, where he took his college and law degrees from Silliman University... |
Kilusang Bagong Lipunan The Kilusang Bagong Lipunan , formerly the Kilusang Bagong Lipunan ng Nagkakaisang Nacionalista, Liberal, at iba pa, , is a political party in the Philippines... |
| Arturo Tolentino Arturo Tolentino Arturo Modesto Tolentino was a prominent political figure in the Philippines who briefly held the position of vice president in 1986. He is more well known as the father of the Philippine “archipelagic doctrine” and expert on the Law of the Sea.-Early career:Arturo M. Tolentino was born in Manila... |
Kilusang Bagong Lipunan The Kilusang Bagong Lipunan , formerly the Kilusang Bagong Lipunan ng Nagkakaisang Nacionalista, Liberal, at iba pa, , is a political party in the Philippines... |
| Fernando Veloso | Kilusang Bagong Lipunan The Kilusang Bagong Lipunan , formerly the Kilusang Bagong Lipunan ng Nagkakaisang Nacionalista, Liberal, at iba pa, , is a political party in the Philippines... |
| Francisco Tatad Francisco Tatad Francisco “Kit” Tatad is a political figure in the Philippines.-Journalist:Tatad practiced journalism as a wire service reporter for the Agence France-Presse... |
Independent (politician) In politics, an independent or non-party politician is an individual not affiliated to any political party. Independents may hold a centrist viewpoint between those of major political parties, a viewpoint more extreme than any major party, or they may have a viewpoint based on issues that they do... |
- defected from President AquinoCorazon AquinoMaria Corazon Sumulong Cojuangco-Aquino was the 11th President of the Philippines and the first woman to hold that office in Philippine history. She is best remembered for leading the 1986 People Power Revolution, which toppled Ferdinand Marcos and restored democracy in the Philippines...
|}
Other notable candidates
| Kilusang Bagong Lipunan Kilusang Bagong Lipunan The Kilusang Bagong Lipunan , formerly the Kilusang Bagong Lipunan ng Nagkakaisang Nacionalista, Liberal, at iba pa, , is a political party in the Philippines... |
|---|
| Rafael Recto |
| Rodolfo Fariñas |
| Salvador Britanico |
| Nicanor Yñiguez Nicanor Yñiguez Nicanor Espina Yñiguez was a Filipino politician and Speaker of the Regular Batasang Pambansa from 1984 to 1986. Considered the "Father of Southern Leyte", he authored the law that created the province of Southern Leyte.... |
| Leonardo B. Perez Leonardo Perez Leonardo Perez is an Italian professional football player currently playing for Pisa.-Career:Perez began his career on youthside for F.B. Brindisi 1912 and was 2007 scouted by AS Bari. He played two years in the primavera team of Bari and he was loaned him later for the rest of the 2009/2010... |
| Independent |
|---|
| Jose "Ramon Revilla" Bautista |
Results
| ↓ | ||||||
| Seats |
|
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| Votes |
|
Per party
| Party/coalition | Votes | % | Seats won | % | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 243,431,395 | 64.9% | 22 | 91.7% | ||
| 99,754,162 | 26.6% | 2 | 8.3% | ||
| 16,356,441 | 4.4% | 0 | 0.0% | ||
| Partido ng Bayan | 8,532,855 | 2.3% | 0 | 0.0% | |
| 6,874,428 | 1.8% | 0 | 0.0% | ||
| Partido Nacionalista ng Pilipinas | 55,519 | 0.0% | 0 | 0.0% | |
| Valid votes | 375,004,620 | — | 24 | 100.0% | |
| Turnout | 22,739,995 | 85.6 | |||
| Registered voters | 26,569,539 | 100.0% | |||
| Source: | |||||
See also
- Commission on ElectionsCommission on Elections (Philippines)The Commission on Elections, or COMELEC, is one of the three constitutional commissions of the Philippines. Its principal role is to enforce all laws and regulations relative to the conduct of elections, initiatives, referendums, and recalls....
- 8th Congress of the Philippines8th Congress of the PhilippinesThe Eighth Congress of the Philippines is the meeting of the national legislature of the Republic of the Philippines, composed of the Philippine Senate and House of Representatives after the ratification of the Constitution of the Philippines in 1987.-Sessions:**First Special Session: July 14...