Phyllastrephus
Encyclopedia
Phyllastrephus is a songbird
genus
in the family
Pycnonotidae (bulbuls). They make up the typical greenbul
s, though two are named brownbuls.
This genus contains the following species
:
Several species from Madagascar
that were formerly placed here are now separated in Bernieria and Xanthomixis
. Commonly called the Bernieria and the tetrakas, they are not bulbuls but Malagasy warbler
s similar to greenbuls due to convergent evolution
.
Songbird
A songbird is a bird belonging to the suborder Passeri of the perching birds . Another name that is sometimes seen as scientific or vernacular name is Oscines, from Latin oscen, "a songbird"...
genus
Genus
In biology, a genus is a low-level taxonomic rank used in the biological classification of living and fossil organisms, which is an example of definition by genus and differentia...
in the family
Family (biology)
In biological classification, family is* a taxonomic rank. Other well-known ranks are life, domain, kingdom, phylum, class, order, genus, and species, with family fitting between order and genus. As for the other well-known ranks, there is the option of an immediately lower rank, indicated by the...
Pycnonotidae (bulbuls). They make up the typical greenbul
Greenbul
The greenbuls and bristlebills are a group of birds within the bulbul family Pycnonotidae, found only within Africa. They are all largely drab olive-green above, and paler below, with few distinguishing features....
s, though two are named brownbuls.
This genus contains the following species
Species
In biology, a species is one of the basic units of biological classification and a taxonomic rank. A species is often defined as a group of organisms capable of interbreeding and producing fertile offspring. While in many cases this definition is adequate, more precise or differing measures are...
:
- Cabanis's GreenbulCabanis's GreenbulThe Cabanis's Greenbul is a species of songbird in the Pycnonotidae family. It is found in Angola, Burundi, Democratic Republic of the Congo, Kenya, Malawi, Mozambique, Rwanda, Sudan, Tanzania, Uganda, and Zambia...
, Phyllastrephus cabanisi - Fischer's GreenbulFischer's GreenbulThe Fischer's Greenbul is a species of songbird in the Pycnonotidae family.It is found in Kenya, Mozambique, Somalia, and Tanzania....
, Phyllastrephus fischeri - Terrestrial BrownbulTerrestrial BrownbulThe Terrestrial Brownbul is a species of songbird in the Pycnonotidae family.It is found in Angola, Botswana, Democratic Republic of the Congo, Kenya, Malawi, Mozambique, Namibia, Somalia, South Africa, Swaziland, Tanzania, Zambia, and Zimbabwe.Its natural habitats are subtropical or tropical dry...
, Phyllastrephus terrestris - Northern BrownbulNorthern BrownbulThe Northern Brownbul is a species of songbird in the Pycnonotidae family.It is found in Ethiopia, Kenya, Mozambique, Somalia, Sudan, Tanzania, and Uganda....
, Phyllastrephus strepitans - Pale-olive GreenbulPale-olive GreenbulThe Pale-olive Bulbul , also known as the Pale-olive Greenbul, is a species of songbird in the Pycnonotidae family.-Distribution and habitat:It is found in Angola, Democratic Republic of the Congo, and Gabon...
, Phyllastrephus fulviventris - Grey-olive GreenbulGrey-olive GreenbulThe Grey-olive Bulbul , also known as the Grey-olive Greenbul, is a species of songbird in the Pycnonotidae family. It is found in Angola, Democratic Republic of the Congo, Kenya, Malawi, Mozambique, Tanzania, and Zambia...
, Phyllastrephus cerviniventris - Baumann's GreenbulBaumann's GreenbulBaumann's Olive Greenbul or Baumann's Greenbul is a songbird species in the family Pycnonotidae. It is found in the Ivory Coast, Ghana, Liberia, Nigeria, Sierra Leone, and Togo....
, Phyllastrephus baumanni - Toro Olive-greenbulToro Olive-greenbulThe Toro Olive-greenbul is a species of songbird in the Pycnonotidae family.It is found in Democratic Republic of the Congo, Kenya, Sudan, Tanzania, and Uganda....
, Phyllastrephus hypochloris - Cameroon Olive GreenbulCameroon Olive GreenbulThe Cameroon Olive Greenbul is a species of songbird in the Pycnonotidae family.It is found in Cameroon, Equatorial Guinea, and Nigeria. Its natural habitat is subtropical or tropical moist montane forests.-References:...
, Phyllastrephus poensis - Grey-headed GreenbulGrey-headed GreenbulThe Grey-headed Greenbul is a species of songbird in the Pycnonotidae family. It is found in Cameroon and Nigeria....
, Phyllastrephus poliocephalus - Yellow-streaked BulbulYellow-streaked BulbulThe Yellow-streaked Greenbul or Yellow-streaked Bulbul is a species of songbird in the Pycnonotidae family. It is found in Burundi, Democratic Republic of the Congo, Kenya, Malawi, Mozambique, Rwanda, South Africa, Swaziland, Tanzania, Uganda, Zambia, and Zimbabwe...
, Phyllastrephus flavostriatus - Tiny GreenbulTiny GreenbulThe Lowlad Tiny Greenbul is a species of songbird in the Pycnonotidae family.It is found in Kenya, Mozambique, Tanzania, and Zimbabwe....
, Phyllastrephus debilis - White-throated GreenbulWhite-throated GreenbulThe White-throated Greenbul is a species of songbird in the Pycnonotidae family.-Distribution and habitat:...
, Phyllastrephus albigularis - Icterine GreenbulIcterine GreenbulThe Icterine Greenbul is a species of songbird in the Pycnonotidae family.It is found in Angola, Cameroon, Central African Republic, Republic of the Congo, Democratic Republic of the Congo, Ivory Coast, Equatorial Guinea, Gabon, Ghana, Guinea, Liberia, Nigeria, Sierra Leone, Tanzania, and Uganda...
, Phyllastrephus icterinus- Sassi's GreenbulSassi's GreenbulSassi's Olive Greenbul , also known as Sassi's Greenbul, is a species of songbird in the Pycnonotidae family. It is found in Democratic Republic of the Congo and Uganda. Its natural habitats are subtropical or tropical moist lowland forests and subtropical or tropical moist montane forests...
, Phyllastrephus (icterinus) lorenzi
- Sassi's Greenbul
- Liberian GreenbulLiberian GreenbulThe Liberian Greenbul is a species of songbird in the Pycnonotidae family.It is endemic to Liberia.Its natural habitat is subtropical and tropical moist lowland forests.It is threatened by habitat loss.-References:...
, Phyllastrephus leucolepis - Xavier's GreenbulXavier's GreenbulThe Xavier's Greenbul is a species of songbird in the Pycnonotidae family.It is found in Cameroon, Central African Republic, Republic of the Congo, Democratic Republic of the Congo, Equatorial Guinea, Gabon, Nigeria, Tanzania, and Uganda.Its natural habitats are subtropical or tropical dry forests...
, Phyllastrephus xavieri
Several species from Madagascar
Madagascar
The Republic of Madagascar is an island country located in the Indian Ocean off the southeastern coast of Africa...
that were formerly placed here are now separated in Bernieria and Xanthomixis
Xanthomixis
Xanthomixis is a genus of birds in the Malagasy warbler family Bernieridae. It contains the tetrakas.-Species:*Appert's Tetraka, Xanthomixis apperti*Grey-crowned Tetraka, Xanthomixis cinereiceps*Dusky Tetraka, Xanthomixis tenebrosa...
. Commonly called the Bernieria and the tetrakas, they are not bulbuls but Malagasy warbler
Malagasy warbler
The Malagasy warblers are a newly validated clade of songbirds. They were formally named Bernieridae in 2010. The family consists of ten species of small forest birds and is endemic to Madagascar....
s similar to greenbuls due to convergent evolution
Convergent evolution
Convergent evolution describes the acquisition of the same biological trait in unrelated lineages.The wing is a classic example of convergent evolution in action. Although their last common ancestor did not have wings, both birds and bats do, and are capable of powered flight. The wings are...
.