Physiome
Encyclopedia
The physiome of an individual's or species
'
physiological
state is the description of its
functional behavior. The physiome describes the physiological dynamics of
the normal intact organism
and is built upon information and
structure (genome
, proteome
, and morphome
). The term comes from "physio-" (life) and "-ome" (as a whole).
In its broadest terms, it should define relationships from genome to
organism and from functional behavior to gene regulation. In the context
of the IUPS Physiome Project, it includes integrated models of
components of organisms, such as particular organ
s or cell
systems, biochemical, or endocrine systems.
The IUPS Physiome Project is a worldwide effort to define the physiome
through the development of databases and models which will facilitate the
understanding of the integrative function of cells, organs, and
organisms. The project is focused on compiling and providing a central
repository of databases, linking experimental information and
computational models from many laboratories into a single,
self-consistent framework. This coalescence of research effort will
promote comprehensive databases and an integrative, analytical approach
to the study of medicine
and physiology.
The concept of a physiome project was presented to the International Union of Physiological Sciences (IUPS) by its Commission on Bioengineering in Physiology in 1993. A workshop on designing the Physiome Project was held in 1997. At its world congress in 2001, the IUPS designated the project as a major focus for the next decade. The project is led by the Physiome Commission of the IUPS.
Other research initiatives related to the physiome include:
Exemplary physiome projects
Species
In biology, a species is one of the basic units of biological classification and a taxonomic rank. A species is often defined as a group of organisms capable of interbreeding and producing fertile offspring. While in many cases this definition is adequate, more precise or differing measures are...
'
physiological
Physiology
Physiology is the science of the function of living systems. This includes how organisms, organ systems, organs, cells, and bio-molecules carry out the chemical or physical functions that exist in a living system. The highest honor awarded in physiology is the Nobel Prize in Physiology or...
state is the description of its
functional behavior. The physiome describes the physiological dynamics of
the normal intact organism
Organism
In biology, an organism is any contiguous living system . In at least some form, all organisms are capable of response to stimuli, reproduction, growth and development, and maintenance of homoeostasis as a stable whole.An organism may either be unicellular or, as in the case of humans, comprise...
and is built upon information and
structure (genome
Genome
In modern molecular biology and genetics, the genome is the entirety of an organism's hereditary information. It is encoded either in DNA or, for many types of virus, in RNA. The genome includes both the genes and the non-coding sequences of the DNA/RNA....
, proteome
Proteome
The proteome is the entire set of proteins expressed by a genome, cell, tissue or organism. More specifically, it is the set of expressed proteins in a given type of cells or an organism at a given time under defined conditions. The term is a portmanteau of proteins and genome.The term has been...
, and morphome
Morphome
Morphome is one of the omes in biology to map and classify all the morphological features of species. Morphome is different from phenome in that it is the totality of morphological variants while phenome includes non-morphological variants.-References:...
). The term comes from "physio-" (life) and "-ome" (as a whole).
In its broadest terms, it should define relationships from genome to
organism and from functional behavior to gene regulation. In the context
of the IUPS Physiome Project, it includes integrated models of
components of organisms, such as particular organ
Organ (anatomy)
In biology, an organ is a collection of tissues joined in structural unit to serve a common function. Usually there is a main tissue and sporadic tissues . The main tissue is the one that is unique for the specific organ. For example, main tissue in the heart is the myocardium, while sporadic are...
s or cell
Cell (biology)
The cell is the basic structural and functional unit of all known living organisms. It is the smallest unit of life that is classified as a living thing, and is often called the building block of life. The Alberts text discusses how the "cellular building blocks" move to shape developing embryos....
systems, biochemical, or endocrine systems.
The IUPS Physiome Project is a worldwide effort to define the physiome
through the development of databases and models which will facilitate the
understanding of the integrative function of cells, organs, and
organisms. The project is focused on compiling and providing a central
repository of databases, linking experimental information and
computational models from many laboratories into a single,
self-consistent framework. This coalescence of research effort will
promote comprehensive databases and an integrative, analytical approach
to the study of medicine
Medicine
Medicine is the science and art of healing. It encompasses a variety of health care practices evolved to maintain and restore health by the prevention and treatment of illness....
and physiology.
The concept of a physiome project was presented to the International Union of Physiological Sciences (IUPS) by its Commission on Bioengineering in Physiology in 1993. A workshop on designing the Physiome Project was held in 1997. At its world congress in 2001, the IUPS designated the project as a major focus for the next decade. The project is led by the Physiome Commission of the IUPS.
Other research initiatives related to the physiome include:
- The EuroPhysiomeEuroPhysiomeThe Europhysiome initiative is coordinated by the Coordination action, which aims to establish a better coordination between European Physiome projects. The term is also used to indicate collectively all Europe-based Physiome projects such as the [Renal Physiome Project], the [Giome Project], the...
Initiative - The NSR Physiome Project of the National Simulation Resource (NSR) at the University of WashingtonUniversity of WashingtonUniversity of Washington is a public research university, founded in 1861 in Seattle, Washington, United States. The UW is the largest university in the Northwest and the oldest public university on the West Coast. The university has three campuses, with its largest campus in the University...
, supporting the IUPS Physiome Project - The Wellcome Trust Heart Physiome Project, a collaboration between the University of AucklandUniversity of AucklandThe University of Auckland is a university located in Auckland, New Zealand. It is the largest university in the country and the highest ranked in the 2011 QS World University Rankings, having been ranked worldwide...
and the University of OxfordUniversity of OxfordThe University of Oxford is a university located in Oxford, United Kingdom. It is the second-oldest surviving university in the world and the oldest in the English-speaking world. Although its exact date of foundation is unclear, there is evidence of teaching as far back as 1096...
, part of the wider IUPS Physiome Project
See also
- PhysiomicsPhysiomicsPhysiomics is a systematic study of physiome in biology. Physiomics employs bioinformatics to construct networks of physiological features that are associated with genes, proteins and their networks.-External links:...
- Living Human ProjectLiving Human ProjectThe Living Human Project is developing a worldwide, distributed repository of anatomo-functional data and of simulation algorithms relative to the human musculoskeletal apparatus, fully integrated into a seamless simulation environment and directly accessible by any researcher in the world...
- Virtual Physiological HumanVirtual Physiological HumanThe Virtual Physiological Human is a methodological and technological framework that, once established, will enable collaborative investigation of the human body as a single complex system...
- CytomeCytomeCytomes are the cellular systems, subsystems, and functional components of thebody. The cytome is the collection of the complex and dynamic cellular processes underlying physiological processes. It describes the structural and functional heterogeneity of the cellular diversity of an organism...
- Human Genome ProjectHuman Genome ProjectThe Human Genome Project is an international scientific research project with a primary goal of determining the sequence of chemical base pairs which make up DNA, and of identifying and mapping the approximately 20,000–25,000 genes of the human genome from both a physical and functional...
- List of omics topics in biology
External links
- IUPS Physiome Project
- NSR Physiome Project
- STEP: A Strategy for the EuroPhysiome
- Wellcome Trust Heart Physiome Project
- National Resource for Cell Analysis and Modeling (NRCAM)
Exemplary physiome projects