Princess Augusta of Hesse-Kassel
Encyclopedia
Princess and Landgravine Augusta of Hesse-Kassel was the consort of Prince Adolphus, Duke of Cambridge
, the tenth-born child, and seventh son, of George III
and Charlotte of Mecklenburg-Strelitz
. The longest-lived daughter-in-law of George III, she was the maternal grandmother of Mary of Teck
, queen consort
to George V
.
, was born at Rumpenheim Castle, Kassel
, Hesse
. Through her father, she was a great-granddaughter of George II of Great Britain
. Her father's older brother was the Landgrave of Hesse-Kassel
. In 1803, her uncle
's title was raised to Elector of Hesse — whereby the entire Kassel branch of the Hesse dynasty gained an upward notch in hierarchy.
, Princess Augusta married her second cousin, the Duke of Cambridge, when she was 21 and he 43. Upon their marriage, Augusta gained the style HRH The Duchess of Cambridge. The Duke and Duchess of Cambridge had three children.
From 1818 until the accession of Queen Victoria
, and the separation of the British and Hanoverian crowns in 1837, the Duchess of Cambridge lived in Hanover
, where the Duke served as viceroy on behalf of his brothers, George IV
and William IV
. In 1827 Augusta allowed that a new village, founded on 3 May 1827 and to be settled in the course of the cultivation and colonisation of the moorland
s in the south of Bremervörde
, would bear her name. On 19 June the administration of the Hanoveran High-Bailiwick of Stade
informed the villagers that she had approved the chosen name Augustendorf for their municipality (since 1974 it is a component locality of Gnarrenburg
). The Duke and Duchess of Cambridge returned to Great Britain, where they lived at Cambridge Cottage, Kew
, and later at St. James's Palace
. The Duchess of Cambridge survived her husband by thirty-nine years, dying at the age of ninety-one.
Prince Adolphus, Duke of Cambridge
The Prince Adolphus, 1st Duke of Cambridge , was the tenth child and seventh son of George III and Queen Charlotte. He held the title of Duke of Cambridge from 1801 until his death. He also served as Viceroy of Hanover on behalf of his brothers George IV and William IV...
, the tenth-born child, and seventh son, of George III
George III of the United Kingdom
George III was King of Great Britain and King of Ireland from 25 October 1760 until the union of these two countries on 1 January 1801, after which he was King of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland until his death...
and Charlotte of Mecklenburg-Strelitz
Charlotte of Mecklenburg-Strelitz
Charlotte of Mecklenburg-Strelitz was the Queen consort of the United Kingdom as the wife of King George III...
. The longest-lived daughter-in-law of George III, she was the maternal grandmother of Mary of Teck
Mary of Teck
Mary of Teck was the queen consort of the United Kingdom and the British Dominions, and Empress of India, as the wife of King-Emperor George V....
, queen consort
Queen consort
A queen consort is the wife of a reigning king. A queen consort usually shares her husband's rank and holds the feminine equivalent of the king's monarchical titles. Historically, queens consort do not share the king regnant's political and military powers. Most queens in history were queens consort...
to George V
George V of the United Kingdom
George V was King of the United Kingdom and the British Dominions, and Emperor of India, from 6 May 1910 through the First World War until his death in 1936....
.
Early life
Her Highness Princess and Landgravine Augusta of Hesse-Kassel, third daughter of Landgrave Frederick of Hesse-Kassel, and his wife, Princess Caroline of Nassau-UsingenPrincess Caroline of Nassau-Usingen
Princess Caroline of Nassau-Usingen was the elder daughter of Karl Wilhelm, Prince of Nassau-Usingen, and wife of Landgrave Frederick of Hesse-Kassel.-Early life:...
, was born at Rumpenheim Castle, Kassel
Kassel
Kassel is a town located on the Fulda River in northern Hesse, Germany. It is the administrative seat of the Kassel Regierungsbezirk and the Kreis of the same name and has approximately 195,000 inhabitants.- History :...
, Hesse
Hesse-Kassel
The Landgraviate of Hesse-Kassel or Hesse-Cassel was a state in the Holy Roman Empire under Imperial immediacy that came into existence when the Landgraviate of Hesse was divided in 1567 upon the death of Philip I, Landgrave of Hesse. His eldest son William IV inherited the northern half and the...
. Through her father, she was a great-granddaughter of George II of Great Britain
George II of Great Britain
George II was King of Great Britain and Ireland, Duke of Brunswick-Lüneburg and Archtreasurer and Prince-elector of the Holy Roman Empire from 11 June 1727 until his death.George was the last British monarch born outside Great Britain. He was born and brought up in Northern Germany...
. Her father's older brother was the Landgrave of Hesse-Kassel
William I, Elector of Hesse
William I, Elector of Hesse was the eldest surviving son of Frederick II, Landgrave of Hesse-Kassel and Princess Mary of Great Britain, the daughter of George II.-Early life:...
. In 1803, her uncle
William I, Elector of Hesse
William I, Elector of Hesse was the eldest surviving son of Frederick II, Landgrave of Hesse-Kassel and Princess Mary of Great Britain, the daughter of George II.-Early life:...
's title was raised to Elector of Hesse — whereby the entire Kassel branch of the Hesse dynasty gained an upward notch in hierarchy.
Marriage
On 7 May, in Kassel, and then, again, on 1 June 1818 at Buckingham PalaceBuckingham Palace
Buckingham Palace, in London, is the principal residence and office of the British monarch. Located in the City of Westminster, the palace is a setting for state occasions and royal hospitality...
, Princess Augusta married her second cousin, the Duke of Cambridge, when she was 21 and he 43. Upon their marriage, Augusta gained the style HRH The Duchess of Cambridge. The Duke and Duchess of Cambridge had three children.
From 1818 until the accession of Queen Victoria
Victoria of the United Kingdom
Victoria was the monarch of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland from 20 June 1837 until her death. From 1 May 1876, she used the additional title of Empress of India....
, and the separation of the British and Hanoverian crowns in 1837, the Duchess of Cambridge lived in Hanover
Hanover
Hanover or Hannover, on the river Leine, is the capital of the federal state of Lower Saxony , Germany and was once by personal union the family seat of the Hanoverian Kings of Great Britain, under their title as the dukes of Brunswick-Lüneburg...
, where the Duke served as viceroy on behalf of his brothers, George IV
George IV of the United Kingdom
George IV was the King of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland and also of Hanover from the death of his father, George III, on 29 January 1820 until his own death ten years later...
and William IV
William IV of the United Kingdom
William IV was King of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland and of Hanover from 26 June 1830 until his death...
. In 1827 Augusta allowed that a new village, founded on 3 May 1827 and to be settled in the course of the cultivation and colonisation of the moorland
Moorland
Moorland or moor is a type of habitat, in the temperate grasslands, savannas, and shrublands biome, found in upland areas, characterised by low-growing vegetation on acidic soils and heavy fog...
s in the south of Bremervörde
Bremervörde
Bremervörde is a town in the north of the district Rotenburg, in Lower Saxony, Germany. It is situated at the Oste river near the mid of the triangle, which is formed of the rivers Weser and Elbe respectively the cities of Hamburg, Bremen and Cuxhaven....
, would bear her name. On 19 June the administration of the Hanoveran High-Bailiwick of Stade
Stade (region)
The Stade Region emerged in 1823 by an administrative reorganisation of the dominions of the Kingdom of Hanover, a sovereign state, whose then territory is almost completely part of today's German federal state of Lower Saxony...
informed the villagers that she had approved the chosen name Augustendorf for their municipality (since 1974 it is a component locality of Gnarrenburg
Gnarrenburg
Gnarrenburg is a municipality in the district of Rotenburg, in Lower Saxony, Germany. It is situated approximately 15 km southwest of Bremervörde, and 40 km northeast of Bremen.Gnarrenburg belonged to the Prince-Archbishopric of Bremen...
). The Duke and Duchess of Cambridge returned to Great Britain, where they lived at Cambridge Cottage, Kew
Kew
Kew is a place in the London Borough of Richmond upon Thames in South West London. Kew is best known for being the location of the Royal Botanic Gardens, now a World Heritage Site, which includes Kew Palace...
, and later at St. James's Palace
St. James's Palace
St. James's Palace is one of London's oldest palaces. It is situated in Pall Mall, just north of St. James's Park. Although no sovereign has resided there for almost two centuries, it has remained the official residence of the Sovereign and the most senior royal palace in the UK...
. The Duchess of Cambridge survived her husband by thirty-nine years, dying at the age of ninety-one.
Titles and styles
- 25 July 1797 – 7 May 1818: Her Serene Highness Princess Augusta Wilhelmina Louisa of Hesse
- 7 May 1818 – 6 April 1889: Her Royal Highness The Duchess of Cambridge
Ancestry
Issue
The Duke and Duchess of Cambridge had three children:| Name | Birth | Death | Notes |
|---|---|---|---|
| Prince George, Duke of Cambridge Prince George, Duke of Cambridge Prince George, Duke of Cambridge was a member of the British Royal Family, a male-line grandson of King George III. The Duke was an army officer and served as commander-in-chief of the British Army from 1856 to 1895... |
26 March 1819 | 17 March 1904 | married, 1847, Sarah Louisa Fairbrother; had issue |
| Princess Augusta of Cambridge | 19 July 1822 | 4 December 1916 | married, 1843, Friedrich Wilhelm, Grand Duke of Mecklenburg-Strelitz Friedrich Wilhelm, Grand Duke of Mecklenburg-Strelitz Frederick William, Grand Duke of Mecklenburg, KG was a German sovereign who ruled over the state of Mecklenburg-Strelitz from 1860 until his death.-Biography:... ; had issue |
| Princess Mary Adelaide of Cambridge Princess Mary Adelaide of Cambridge Princess Mary Adelaide Wilhelmina Elizabeth of Cambridge was a member of the British Royal Family, a granddaughter of George III, and great-grandmother of Elizabeth II. She held the title of Duchess of Teck through marriage.Mary Adelaide is remembered as the mother of Queen Mary, the consort of... |
27 November 1833 | 27 October 1897 | married, 1866, Francis, Duke of Teck Francis, Duke of Teck Francis, Duke of Teck , was a member of the German nobility, and later of the British Royal Family. He was the father of Queen Mary, the wife of King George V... ; had issue, including Mary of Teck Mary of Teck Mary of Teck was the queen consort of the United Kingdom and the British Dominions, and Empress of India, as the wife of King-Emperor George V.... , queen consort to George V George V of the United Kingdom George V was King of the United Kingdom and the British Dominions, and Emperor of India, from 6 May 1910 through the First World War until his death in 1936.... |