Progressive Republican Party
Encyclopedia
The Progressive Republican Party was the second political party after Republican People's Party
in Turkey
. It was established by Ali Fuat Cebesoy
, Kâzım Karabekir
, Refet Bele
, Rauf Orbay
and Adnan Adıvar
on 17 October 1924. The party's political activities were banned on 5 June 1925 after the Sheikh Said Rebellion
.
On domestic policy, the party supported a liberal democracy, but was blamed by the government for being Islamic oriented. Leader of the party was retired General Kazım Karabekir
. After Mustafa Kemal Atatürk
blamed Karabekir because of the Kurdish rebellion and the assassination attempt made to himself in Izmir
, the party was closed on 5 June by the government. As a consequence Karabekir and many members of the party were court-martialed and imprisoned. He was released after being found innocent. However he was kept under house arrest along with 82 members of the opposition for two decades. During the presidency of İsmet İnönü
he was chosen as a member of Parliament and was elected as the Speaker of the National Assembly after the end of World War II
. He did see the forced democratization of Turkey after the Truman Doctrine
but died before the first democratic elections in Turkey held in 1950.
Republican People's Party (Turkey)
The Republican People's Party is a centre-left Kemalist political party in Turkey. It is the oldest political party of Turkey and is currently Main Opposition in the Grand National Assembly. The Republican People's Party describes itself as "a modern social-democratic party, which is faithful to...
in Turkey
Turkey
Turkey , known officially as the Republic of Turkey , is a Eurasian country located in Western Asia and in East Thrace in Southeastern Europe...
. It was established by Ali Fuat Cebesoy
Ali Fuat Cebesoy
Ali Fuat Cebesoy was a Turkish officer, politician and statesman.-Early life:Ali Fuat was born in September 1882 to father Ismail Fazil Pasha and mother Zekiye Hanım...
, Kâzım Karabekir
Kazim Karabekir
Musa Kâzım Karabekir was a Turkish general and politician. He was commander of the Eastern Army in the Ottoman Empire at the end of World War I and served as Speaker of the Grand National Assembly of Turkey before his death.-Early years:Karabekir was born in 1882 as the son of an Ottoman General,...
, Refet Bele
Refet Bele
Refet Bele was an officer of the Ottoman Army and the general of the Turkish Army.-External links:...
, Rauf Orbay
Rauf Orbay
Hüseyin Rauf Orbay was a Turkish naval officer and statesman, born in Istanbul.As an officer in the Ottoman Navy, he achieved fame for his actions as the captain of the cruiser Hamidiye during the First Balkan War...
and Adnan Adıvar
Adnan Adivar
Abdülhak Adnan Adıvar was a Turkish politician, writer, historian, and by profession a medical doctor. He has done original research and written on history of science...
on 17 October 1924. The party's political activities were banned on 5 June 1925 after the Sheikh Said Rebellion
Sheikh Said rebellion
Sheikh Said Rebellion was a rebellion of a Kurdish clergy Sheikh Said and a group of former Kurdish Hamidieh soldiers in 1925.-Background:The Azadî was dominated by officers from the former Hamidiye, a Kurdish tribal militia established...
.
On domestic policy, the party supported a liberal democracy, but was blamed by the government for being Islamic oriented. Leader of the party was retired General Kazım Karabekir
Kazim Karabekir
Musa Kâzım Karabekir was a Turkish general and politician. He was commander of the Eastern Army in the Ottoman Empire at the end of World War I and served as Speaker of the Grand National Assembly of Turkey before his death.-Early years:Karabekir was born in 1882 as the son of an Ottoman General,...
. After Mustafa Kemal Atatürk
Mustafa Kemal Atatürk
Mustafa Kemal Atatürk was an Ottoman and Turkish army officer, revolutionary statesman, writer, and the first President of Turkey. He is credited with being the founder of the Republic of Turkey....
blamed Karabekir because of the Kurdish rebellion and the assassination attempt made to himself in Izmir
Izmir
Izmir is a large metropolis in the western extremity of Anatolia. The metropolitan area in the entire Izmir Province had a population of 3.35 million as of 2010, making the city third most populous in Turkey...
, the party was closed on 5 June by the government. As a consequence Karabekir and many members of the party were court-martialed and imprisoned. He was released after being found innocent. However he was kept under house arrest along with 82 members of the opposition for two decades. During the presidency of İsmet İnönü
Ismet Inönü
Mustafa İsmet İnönü was a Turkish Army General, Prime Minister and the second President of Turkey. In 1938, the Republican People's Party gave him the title of "Milli Şef" .-Family and early life:...
he was chosen as a member of Parliament and was elected as the Speaker of the National Assembly after the end of World War II
World War II
World War II, or the Second World War , was a global conflict lasting from 1939 to 1945, involving most of the world's nations—including all of the great powers—eventually forming two opposing military alliances: the Allies and the Axis...
. He did see the forced democratization of Turkey after the Truman Doctrine
Truman Doctrine
The Truman Doctrine was a policy set forth by U.S. President Harry S Truman in a speech on March 12, 1947 stating that the U.S. would support Greece and Turkey with economic and military aid to prevent their falling into the Soviet sphere...
but died before the first democratic elections in Turkey held in 1950.